LFT · Unofficial English translation
Ley Federal del Trabajo
Employment contracts, working hours, benefits, profit sharing, outsourcing limits and dismissal.
Unofficial translation — only the Spanish DOF text is legally binding.
Unofficial English translation. Only the Spanish text published in the Diario Oficial de la Federación (DOF) is legally binding. Last reform: May 14, 2026 · Official source: https://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/LFT.pdf (opens in a new tab)
Translation: Claude (AI) — unofficial
Prefer Spanish? Ver LFT en el Compendio Jurídico de SDV
1266 articles
TITULO PRIMERO / Principios Generales
This Law is of general application throughout the Republic and governs the employment relationships covered by Article 123, Part A, of the Constitution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1
La presente Ley es de observancia general en toda la República y rige las relaciones de trabajo comprendidas en el artículo 123, Apartado A, de la Constitución.
Labor standards seek to achieve balance between the factors of production and social justice, as well as to promote dignified or decent work in all labor relations, in an environment free of violence and with full respect for human rights.
Dignified or decent work means work in which the human dignity of the worker is fully respected; there is no discrimination based on ethnic or national origin, gender, age, disability, social status, health conditions, religion, migration status, opinions, sexual preferences or marital status; there is access to social security and a remunerative wage is received; continuous training is received to increase productivity with shared benefits, and there are optimal safety and hygiene conditions to prevent occupational risks.
Dignified or decent work also includes unrestricted respect for the collective rights of workers, such as freedom of association, autonomy, the right to strike and the right to collective bargaining.
The substantive or de facto equality of male and female workers vis-à-vis the employer is protected.
Substantive equality is the equality achieved by eliminating discrimination against women that impairs or nullifies the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of their human rights and fundamental freedoms in the workplace. It entails access to the same opportunities, taking into account the biological, social and cultural differences between women and men.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 2
Las normas del trabajo tienden a conseguir el equilibrio entre los factores de la producción y la justicia social, así como propiciar el trabajo digno o decente en todas las relaciones laborales, en un entorno libre de violencias y con respeto pleno a los derechos humanos.
Se entiende por trabajo digno o decente aquél en el que se respeta plenamente la dignidad humana del trabajador; no existe discriminación por origen étnico o nacional, género, edad, discapacidad, condición social, condiciones de salud, religión, condición migratoria, opiniones, preferencias sexuales o estado civil; se tiene acceso a la seguridad social y se percibe un salario remunerador; se recibe capacitación continua para el incremento de la productividad con beneficios compartidos, y se cuenta con condiciones óptimas de seguridad e higiene para prevenir riesgos de trabajo.
El trabajo digno o decente también incluye el respeto irrestricto a los derechos colectivos de los trabajadores, tales como la libertad de asociación, autonomía, el derecho de huelga y de contratación colectiva.
Se tutela la igualdad sustantiva o de hecho de trabajadores y trabajadoras frente al patrón.
La igualdad sustantiva es la que se logra eliminando la discriminación contra las mujeres que menoscaba o anula el reconocimiento, goce o ejercicio de sus derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales en el ámbito laboral. Supone el acceso a las mismas oportunidades, considerando las diferencias biológicas, sociales y culturales de mujeres y hombres.
Work is a right and a social duty. It is not an article of commerce, and it demands respect for the freedoms and dignity of the person who performs it, as well as recognition of the differences between men and women in order to achieve their substantive equality before the law. It must be carried out under conditions that ensure a dignified life and health for workers and their dependent family members, in a work environment free of discrimination and violence.
No conditions may be established that entail discrimination among workers on grounds of ethnic or national origin, gender, age, disability, social status, health conditions, religion, migration status, opinions, sexual preferences, marital status or any other ground that undermines human dignity.
Distinctions, exclusions or preferences based on the particular qualifications required by a given job shall not be considered discriminatory.
It is in the social interest to guarantee a work environment free of discrimination and violence, and to promote and oversee training, instruction, education for and at work, the certification of labor competencies, productivity and quality at work, environmental sustainability, as well as the benefits that these must generate for both workers and employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 3
El trabajo es un derecho y un deber social. No es artículo de comercio, y exige respeto para las libertades y dignidad de quien lo presta, así como el reconocimiento a las diferencias entre hombres y mujeres para obtener su igualdad sustantiva ante la ley. Debe efectuarse en condiciones que aseguren la vida digna y la salud para las y los trabajadores y sus familiares dependientes, en un entorno laboral libre de discriminación y violencias.
No podrán establecerse condiciones que impliquen discriminación entre los trabajadores por motivo de origen étnico o nacional, género, edad, discapacidad, condición social, condiciones de salud, religión, condición migratoria, opiniones, preferencias sexuales, estado civil o cualquier otro que atente contra la dignidad humana.
No se considerarán discriminatorias las distinciones, exclusiones o preferencias que se sustenten en las calificaciones particulares que exija una labor determinada.
Es de interés social garantizar un ambiente laboral libre de discriminación y de violencia, promover y vigilar la capacitación, el adiestramiento, la formación para y en el trabajo, la certificación de competencias laborales, la productividad y la calidad en el trabajo, la sustentabilidad ambiental, así como los beneficios que éstas deban generar tanto a los trabajadores como a los patrones.
For the purposes of this Law:
a) Harassment means the exercise of power in a relationship of actual subordination of the victim to the aggressor in the workplace, expressed in verbal or physical conduct, or both; and
b) Sexual harassment means a form of violence in which, although there is no subordination, there is an abusive exercise of power that leads to a state of defenselessness and risk for the victim, regardless of whether it occurs in one or several events.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 3 Bis
Para efectos de esta Ley se entiende por:
a) Hostigamiento, el ejercicio del poder en una relación de subordinación real de la víctima frente al agresor en el ámbito laboral, que se expresa en conductas verbales, físicas o ambas; y
b) Acoso sexual, una forma de violencia en la que, si bien no existe la subordinación, hay un ejercicio abusivo del poder que conlleva a un estado de indefensión y de riesgo para la víctima, independientemente de que se realice en uno o varios eventos.
For the purposes of this Law, the following definitions apply:
I. Conciliation Authority: The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) or the Conciliation Centers of the states (federal entities), as applicable;
II. Registration Authority: The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration;
III. Conciliation Centers: The Conciliation Centers of the states or the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, as applicable;
IV. Constitution: The Political Constitution of the United Mexican States;
V. Day: Refers to a business day, unless it is expressly stated that calendar days are meant;
VI. Court: The labor judge, and
VII. Serve copies (correr traslado): to make a document or documents available to any of the parties at the premises of the Court, except in the cases provided for in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 3 Ter
Para efectos de esta Ley se entenderá por:
I. Autoridad Conciliadora: El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o los Centros de Conciliación de las entidades federativas, según corresponda;
II. Autoridad Registral: El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral;
III. Centros de Conciliación: Los Centros de conciliación de las entidades federativas o el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, según corresponda;
IV. Constitución: La Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos;
V. Día: Se hace referencia a día hábil, salvo que expresamente se mencione que se trata de días naturales;
VI. Tribunal: El juez laboral, y
VII. Correr traslado: poner a disposición de alguna de las partes algún documento o documentos en el local del Tribunal, salvo los casos previstos en esta Ley.
No person may be prevented from working or from engaging in the profession, industry or trade of his or her choice, provided it is lawful. The exercise of these rights may only be prohibited by a resolution of the competent authority when the rights of third parties are infringed or the rights of society are offended:
I. The rights of third parties are infringed in the cases provided for in the laws and in the following:
a) When an attempt is made to replace, or there is a definitive replacement of, a worker who claims reinstatement in his or her employment without the case having been resolved by the Court.
b) When a worker who has been separated from his or her work due to illness or force majeure, or on leave, is denied the right to occupy the same position upon returning to work; and
II. The rights of society are offended in the cases provided for in the laws and in the following:
a) When, a strike having been declared under the terms established by this Law, an attempt is made to replace, or there is a replacement of, the strikers in the work they perform, without the dispute giving rise to the strike having been resolved, except as provided in Article 468.
b) When, a strike having been declared on the same terms of lawfulness by the majority of the workers of a company, the minority attempts to resume work or continues working.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 4
No se podrá impedir el trabajo a ninguna persona ni que se dedique a la profesión, industria o comercio que le acomode, siendo lícitos. El ejercicio de estos derechos sólo podrá vedarse por resolución de la autoridad competente cuando se ataquen los derechos de tercero o se ofendan los de la sociedad:
I. Se atacan los derechos de tercero en los casos previstos en las leyes y en los siguientes:
a) Cuando se trate de sustituir o se sustituya definitivamente a un trabajador que reclame la reinstalación en su empleo sin haberse resuelto el caso por el Tribunal.
b) Cuando se niegue el derecho de ocupar su mismo puesto a un trabajador que haya estado separado de sus labores por causa de enfermedad o de fuerza mayor, o con permiso, al presentarse nuevamente a sus labores; y
II. Se ofenden los derechos de la sociedad en los casos previstos en las leyes y en los siguientes:
a) Cuando declarada una huelga en los términos que establece esta Ley, se trate de substituir o se substituya a los huelguistas en el trabajo que desempeñan, sin haberse resuelto el conflicto motivo de la huelga, salvo lo que dispone el artículo 468.
b) Cuando declarada una huelga en iguales términos de licitud por la mayoría de los trabajadores de una empresa, la minoría pretenda reanudar sus labores o siga trabajando.
The provisions of this Law are of public order; therefore, any stipulation, whether written or verbal, establishing any of the following shall have no legal effect and shall not prevent the enjoyment and exercise of rights:
I. Work for adolescents under fifteen years of age;
II. Working hours longer than those permitted by this Law;
III. Inhumane working hours because they are manifestly excessive, given the nature of the work, in the judgment of the Court;
IV. Overtime work for persons under eighteen years of age;
V. A wage below the minimum;
VI. A wage that is not remunerative, in the judgment of the Court;
VII. A term longer than one week for the payment of wages to laborers and farm workers;
VIII. A place of recreation, eating house, bar, café, tavern or store for the payment of wages, unless the workers are employees of those establishments;
IX. The direct or indirect obligation to obtain consumer goods at a specific store or place;
X. The power of the employer to withhold wages as a fine;
XI. A wage lower than that paid to another worker in the same company or establishment for work of equal efficiency, in the same type of work or the same working hours, on grounds of age, sex or nationality;
XII. Industrial night work or work after twenty-two hours for persons under sixteen years of age; and
XIII. Waiver by the worker of any of the rights or prerogatives established in labor standards.
XIV. Concealing an employment relationship through simulated legal acts in order to avoid compliance with labor and/or social security obligations, and
XV. Registering a worker with a wage lower than the one he or she actually receives.
In all these cases, the Law or the supplementary rules shall be deemed to govern in place of the null clauses.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 5
Las disposiciones de esta Ley son de orden público por lo que no producirá efecto legal, ni impedirá el goce y el ejercicio de los derechos, sea escrita o verbal, la estipulación que establezca:
I. Trabajos para adolescentes menores de quince años;
II. Una jornada mayor que la permitida por esta Ley;
III. Una jornada inhumana por lo notoriamente excesiva, dada la índole del trabajo, a juicio del Tribunal;
IV. Horas extraordinarias de trabajo para los menores de dieciocho años;
V. Un salario inferior al mínimo;
VI. Un salario que no sea remunerador, a juicio del Tribunal;
VII. Un plazo mayor de una semana para el pago de los salarios a los obreros y a los trabajadores del campo;
VIII. Un lugar de recreo, fonda, cantina, café, taberna o tienda, para efectuar el pago de los salarios, siempre que no se trate de trabajadores de esos establecimientos;
IX. La obligación directa o indirecta para obtener artículos de consumo en tienda o lugar determinado;
X. La facultad del patrón de retener el salario por concepto de multa;
XI. Un salario menor que el que se pague a otro trabajador en la misma empresa o establecimiento por trabajo de igual eficiencia, en la misma clase de trabajo o igual jornada, por consideración de edad, sexo o nacionalidad;
XII. Trabajo nocturno industrial o el trabajo después de las veintidós horas, para menores de dieciséis años; y
XIII. Renuncia por parte del trabajador de cualquiera de los derechos o prerrogativas consignados en las normas de trabajo.
XIV. Encubrir una relación laboral con actos jurídicos simulados para evitar el cumplimiento de obligaciones laborales y/o de seguridad social, y
XV. Registrar a un trabajador con un salario menor al que realmente recibe.
En todos estos casos se entenderá que rigen la Ley o las normas supletorias en lugar de las cláusulas nulas.
The respective Laws and the treaties entered into and approved under Article 133 of the Constitution shall apply to employment relationships in everything that benefits the worker, as of the date they enter into force.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 6
Las Leyes respectivas y los tratados celebrados y aprobados en los términos del artículo 133 de la Constitución serán aplicables a las relaciones de trabajo en todo lo que beneficien al trabajador, a partir de la fecha de la vigencia.
In every company or establishment, the employer shall employ at least ninety percent Mexican workers. In the categories of technicians and professionals, the workers shall be Mexican, unless there are none in a given specialty, in which case the employer may temporarily employ foreign workers, in a proportion not exceeding ten percent of those in the specialty. The employer and the foreign workers shall be jointly and severally obligated to train Mexican workers in the specialty in question. Physicians in the service of companies shall be Mexican.
The provisions of this article do not apply to directors, administrators and general managers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 7
En toda empresa o establecimiento, el patrón deberá emplear un noventa por ciento de trabajadores mexicanos, por lo menos. En las categorías de técnicos y profesionales, los trabajadores deberán ser mexicanos, salvo que no los haya en una especialidad determinada, en cuyo caso el patrón podrá emplear temporalmente a trabajadores extranjeros, en una proporción que no exceda del diez por ciento de los de la especialidad. El patrón y los trabajadores extranjeros tendrán la obligación solidaria de capacitar a trabajadores mexicanos en la especialidad de que se trate. Los médicos al servicio de las empresas deberán ser mexicanos.
No es aplicable lo dispuesto en este artículo a los directores, administradores y gerentes generales.
A worker is an individual who performs subordinate personal work for another person, whether an individual or a legal entity.
For the purposes of this provision, work means any human activity, intellectual or material, regardless of the degree of technical preparation required by each profession or trade.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 8
Trabajador es la persona física que presta a otra, física o moral, un trabajo personal subordinado.
Para los efectos de esta disposición, se entiende por trabajo toda actividad humana, intelectual o material, independientemente del grado de preparación técnica requerido por cada profesión u oficio.
The category of worker in a position of trust (trabajador de confianza) depends on the nature of the functions performed and not on the title given to the position.
Functions of trust are those of management, inspection, supervision and auditing, when they are of a general nature, and those related to the personal work of the employer within the company or establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 9
La categoría de trabajador de confianza depende de la naturaleza de las funciones desempeñadas y no de la designación que se dé al puesto.
Son funciones de confianza las de dirección, inspección, vigilancia y fiscalización, cuando tengan carácter general, y las que se relacionen con trabajos personales del patrón dentro de la empresa o establecimiento.
An employer is an individual or legal entity that uses the services of one or more workers.
If the worker, in accordance with what has been agreed or with custom, uses the services of other workers, the employer of the former shall also be the employer of the latter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 10
Patrón es la persona física o moral que utiliza los servicios de uno o varios trabajadores.
Si el trabajador, conforme a lo pactado o a la costumbre, utiliza los servicios de otros trabajadores, el patrón de aquél, lo será también de éstos.
Directors, administrators, managers and other persons who exercise management or administration functions in the company or establishment shall be considered representatives of the employer and, as such, bind the employer in its relations with the workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 11
Los directores, administradores, gerentes y demás personas que ejerzan funciones de dirección o administración en la empresa o establecimiento, serán considerados representantes del patrón y en tal concepto lo obligan en sus relaciones con los trabajadores.
The subcontracting of personnel is prohibited, understood as when an individual or legal entity provides or makes available its own workers for the benefit of another.
Employment agencies or intermediaries that take part in the personnel hiring process may participate in recruitment, selection, instruction and training, among other activities. They shall not be considered employers, since that status belongs to whoever benefits from the services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 12
Queda prohibida la subcontratación de personal, entendiéndose esta cuando una persona física o moral proporciona o pone a disposición trabajadores propios en beneficio de otra.
Las agencias de empleo o intermediarios que intervienen en el proceso de contratación de personal podrán participar en el reclutamiento, selección, entrenamiento y capacitación, entre otros. Estas no se considerarán patrones ya que este carácter lo tiene quien se beneficia de los servicios.
The subcontracting of specialized services or the performance of specialized works that do not form part of the corporate purpose or the predominant economic activity of the beneficiary thereof is permitted, provided that the contractor is registered in the public registry referred to in Article 15 of this Law.
Complementary or shared services or works provided between companies of the same business group shall also be considered specialized, provided that they do not form part of the corporate purpose or the predominant economic activity of the company that receives them. Business group shall mean as established in Article 2, section X of the Securities Market Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 13
Se permite la subcontratación de servicios especializados o de ejecución de obras especializadas que no formen parte del objeto social ni de la actividad económica preponderante de la beneficiaria de estos, siempre que el contratista esté registrado en el padrón público a que se refiere el artículo 15 de esta Ley.
Los servicios u obras complementarias o compartidas prestadas entre empresas de un mismo grupo empresarial, también serán considerados como especializados siempre y cuando no formen parte del objeto social ni de la actividad económica preponderante de la empresa que los reciba. Se entenderá por grupo empresarial lo establecido en el artículo 2, fracción X de la Ley del Mercado de Valores.
The subcontracting of specialized services or the performance of specialized works shall be formalized by a written contract indicating the purpose of the services to be provided or the works to be performed, as well as the approximate number of workers who will participate in the performance of that contract.
An individual or legal entity that subcontracts specialized services or the performance of specialized works with a contractor that fails to comply with the obligations deriving from the relationships with its workers shall be jointly and severally liable with respect to the workers used for such contracts.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 14
La subcontratación de servicios especializados o de ejecución de obras especializadas deberá formalizarse mediante contrato por escrito en el que se señale el objeto de los servicios a proporcionar o las obras a ejecutar, así como el número aproximado de trabajadores que participarán en el cumplimiento de dicho contrato.
La persona física o moral que subcontrate servicios especializados o la ejecución de obras especializadas con una contratista que incumpla con las obligaciones que deriven de las relaciones con sus trabajadores, será responsable solidaria en relación con los trabajadores utilizados para dichas contrataciones.
Individuals or legal entities that provide subcontracting services shall be registered with the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS). To obtain the registration they shall demonstrate that they are current in their tax and social security obligations.
The registration referred to in this article shall be renewed every three years.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare shall rule on the registration application within the twenty days following its receipt; if it fails to do so, the applicants may require it to issue the corresponding resolution within the three days following the filing of the request. Once that term has elapsed without notice of the resolution being served, the registration shall be deemed made for the legal purposes to which it gives rise.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare shall deny or cancel at any time the registration of those individuals or legal entities that do not meet the requirements provided for by this Law.
Individuals or legal entities that obtain the registration referred to in this article shall be entered in a registry, which shall be public and available on an Internet portal.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare shall issue the general provisions determining the procedures relating to the registration referred to in this article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 15
Las personas físicas o morales que proporcionen los servicios de subcontratación, deberán contar con registro ante la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. Para obtener el registro deberán acreditar estar al corriente de sus obligaciones fiscales y de seguridad social.
El registro a que hace mención este artículo deberá ser renovado cada tres años.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social deberá pronunciarse respecto de la solicitud de registro dentro de los veinte días posteriores a la recepción de la misma, de no hacerlo, los solicitantes podrán requerirla para que dicte la resolución correspondiente, dentro de los tres días siguientes a la presentación del requerimiento. Transcurrido dicho plazo sin que se notifique la resolución, se tendrá por efectuado el registro para los efectos legales a que dé lugar.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social negará o cancelará en cualquier tiempo el registro de aquellas personas físicas o morales que no cumplan con los requisitos previstos por esta Ley.
Las personas físicas o morales que obtengan el registro a que se refiere este artículo quedarán inscritas en un padrón, que deberá ser público y estar disponible en un portal de Internet.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social expedirá las disposiciones de carácter general que determinen los procedimientos relativos al registro a que se refiere este artículo.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 15-A
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 15-B
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 15-C
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 15-D
Se deroga.
For the purposes of labor standards, company means the economic unit for the production or distribution of goods or services, and establishment means the technical unit that, as a branch, agency or other similar form, is an integral part of and contributes to the achievement of the purposes of the company.
In companies and establishments, both workers and employers shall contribute to maintaining a work environment free of discrimination and violence against women.
Employers shall train their personnel to prevent and eliminate violence against women.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 16
Para los efectos de las normas de trabajo, se entiende por empresa la unidad económica de producción o distribución de bienes o servicios y por establecimiento la unidad técnica que como sucursal, agencia u otra forma semejante, sea parte integrante y contribuya a la realización de los fines de la empresa.
En las empresas y establecimientos, tanto las personas trabajadoras como empleadoras deberán contribuir al mantenimiento de un entorno laboral libre de discriminación y violencias hacia las mujeres.
Las personas empleadoras capacitarán a su personal para prevenir y eliminar las violencias contra las mujeres.
In the absence of an express provision in the Constitution, in that Law or in its Regulations, or in the treaties referred to in Article 6, consideration shall be given to their provisions governing similar cases, the general principles deriving from those legal instruments, the general principles of law, the general principles of social justice deriving from Article 123 of the Constitution, binding precedent (jurisprudencia), custom and equity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 17
A falta de disposición expresa en la Constitución, en esa Ley o en sus Reglamentos, o en los tratados a que se refiere el artículo 6o., se tomarán en consideración sus disposiciones que regulen casos semejantes, los principios generales que deriven de dichos ordenamientos, los principios generales del derecho, los principios generales de justicia social que derivan del artículo 123 de la Constitución, la jurisprudencia, la costumbre y la equidad.
In the interpretation of labor standards, consideration shall be given to their purposes set forth in Articles 2 and 3. In case of doubt, the interpretation most favorable to the worker shall prevail.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 18
En la interpretación de las normas de trabajo se tomarán en consideración sus finalidades señaladas en los artículos 2o. y 3o. En caso de duda, prevalecerá la interpretación más favorable al trabajador.
No acts or proceedings related to the application of labor standards shall give rise to any tax.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 19
Todos los actos y actuaciones que se relacionen con la aplicación de las normas de trabajo no causarán impuesto alguno.
TITULO SEGUNDO / Relaciones Individuales de Trabajo / CAPITULO I / Disposiciones generales
Employment relationship means, whatever the act that gives rise to it, the performance of subordinate personal work for a person, in exchange for the payment of a wage.
An individual employment contract, whatever its form or name, is one by virtue of which a person undertakes to perform subordinate personal work for another, in exchange for the payment of a wage.
The performance of work referred to in the first paragraph and the contract entered into produce the same effects.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 20
Se entiende por relación de trabajo, cualquiera que sea el acto que le dé origen, la prestación de un trabajo personal subordinado a una persona, mediante el pago de un salario.
Contrato individual de trabajo, cualquiera que sea su forma o denominación, es aquel por virtud del cual una persona se obliga a prestar a otra un trabajo personal subordinado, mediante el pago de un salario.
La prestación de un trabajo a que se refiere el párrafo primero y el contrato celebrado producen los mismos efectos.
The existence of the contract and of the employment relationship between the person who performs personal work and the person who receives it is presumed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 21
Se presumen la existencia del contrato y de la relación de trabajo entre el que presta un trabajo personal y el que lo recibe.
Persons over fifteen years of age may freely provide their services, subject to the limitations established in this Law.
Persons over fifteen and under sixteen years of age require authorization from their parents or guardians and, in their absence, from the labor union to which they belong, from the Court, from the Labor Inspector or from the Political Authority.
Minor workers must receive payment of their wages and exercise, as the case may be, the actions to which they are entitled.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 22
Los mayores de quince años pueden prestar libremente sus servicios con las limitaciones establecidas en esta Ley.
Los mayores de quince y menores de dieciséis necesitan autorización de sus padres o tutores y a falta de ellos, del sindicato a que pertenezcan, del Tribunal, del Inspector del Trabajo o de la Autoridad Política.
Los menores trabajadores deben percibir el pago de sus salarios y ejercitar, en su caso, las acciones que les correspondan.
Work by persons under fifteen years of age is prohibited; the work of persons over that age and under eighteen years of age who have not completed their compulsory basic education may not be used, except in the cases approved by the corresponding labor authority in which, in its judgment, there is compatibility between studies and work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 22 Bis
Queda prohibido el trabajo de menores de quince años; no podrá utilizarse el trabajo de mayores de esta edad y menores de dieciocho años que no hayan terminado su educación básica obligatoria, salvo los casos que apruebe la autoridad laboral correspondiente en que a su juicio haya compatibilidad entre los estudios y el trabajo.
When the labor authorities find a minor under fifteen years of age working outside the family circle, they shall order that he or she immediately cease working. An employer that engages in this conduct shall be sanctioned with the penalty established in Article 995 Bis of this Law.
If the minor was not earning the wage received by a worker who provides the same services, the employer shall compensate him or her for the differences.
Work by persons under eighteen years of age within the family circle is prohibited in any type of activity that is dangerous to their health, safety or morals, or that affects the exercise of their rights and, thereby, their integral development.
Family circle shall mean the relatives of the minor by consanguinity, whether ascendants or collateral relatives, up to the second degree.
When persons under eighteen years of age carry out any productive activity for self-consumption, under the direction of members of their family circle or guardians, the latter shall be obligated to respect and protect the human rights of the minors and to provide the support and facilities necessary for them to complete, at least, their compulsory basic education.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 23
Cuando las autoridades del trabajo detecten trabajando a un menor de quince años fuera del círculo familiar, ordenará que de inmediato cese en sus labores. Al patrón que incurra en esta conducta se le sancionará con la pena establecida en el artículo 995 Bis de esta Ley.
En caso de que el menor no estuviere devengando el salario que perciba un trabajador que preste los mismos servicios, el patrón deberá resarcirle las diferencias.
Queda prohibido el trabajo de menores de dieciocho años dentro del círculo familiar en cualquier tipo de actividad que resulte peligrosa para su salud, su seguridad o su moralidad, o que afecte el ejercicio de sus derechos y, con ello, su desarrollo integral.
Se entenderá por círculo familiar a los parientes del menor, por consanguinidad, ascendientes o colaterales; hasta el segundo grado.
Cuando los menores de dieciocho años realicen alguna actividad productiva de autoconsumo, bajo la dirección de integrantes de su círculo familiar o tutores, éstos tendrán la obligación de respetar y proteger los derechos humanos de los menores y brindar el apoyo y las facilidades necesarias para que los mismos concluyan, por lo menos, su educación básica obligatoria.
Working conditions must be recorded in writing when there are no applicable collective bargaining agreements. At least two copies shall be made, one of which shall remain in the possession of each party.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 24
Las condiciones de trabajo deben hacerse constar por escrito cuando no existan contratos colectivos aplicables. Se harán dos ejemplares, por lo menos, de los cuales quedará uno en poder de cada parte.
The document recording the working conditions shall contain:
I. Name, nationality, age, sex, marital status, Unique Population Registry Code (CURP), Federal Taxpayers Registry (RFC) number and domicile of the worker and of the employer;
II. Whether the employment relationship is for a specific work or a fixed term, seasonal, for initial training or for an indefinite term and, as the case may be, whether it is subject to a probationary period;
III. The service or services to be provided, which shall be specified as precisely as possible;
IV. The place or places where the work is to be performed;
V. The length of the working hours;
VI. The form and amount of the wage;
VII. The day and place of payment of the wage;
VIII. An indication that the worker shall be trained or instructed under the plans and programs established or to be established in the company, in accordance with the provisions of this Law; and
IX. Other working conditions, such as rest days, vacation and others agreed upon by the worker and the employer.
X. The designation of the beneficiaries referred to in Article 501 of this Law, for the payment of wages and benefits earned and not collected upon the death of the workers or those generated by their death or disappearance resulting from a criminal act.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 25
El escrito en que consten las condiciones de trabajo deberá contener:
I. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo, estado civil, Clave Única de Registro de Población, Registro Federal de Contribuyentes y domicilio del trabajador y del patrón;
II. Si la relación de trabajo es para obra o tiempo determinado, por temporada, de capacitación inicial o por tiempo indeterminado y, en su caso, si está sujeta a un periodo de prueba;
III. El servicio o servicios que deban prestarse, los que se determinarán con la mayor precisión posible;
IV. El lugar o los lugares donde deba prestarse el trabajo;
V. La duración de la jornada;
VI. La forma y el monto del salario;
VII. El día y el lugar de pago del salario;
VIII. La indicación de que el trabajador será capacitado o adiestrado en los términos de los planes y programas establecidos o que se establezcan en la empresa, conforme a lo dispuesto en esta Ley; y
IX. Otras condiciones de trabajo, tales como días de descanso, vacaciones y demás que convengan el trabajador y el patrón.
X. La designación de beneficiarios a los que refiere el artículo 501 de esta ley, para el pago de los salarios y prestaciones devengadas y no cobradas a la muerte de los trabajadores o las que se generen por su fallecimiento o desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial.
The absence of the document referred to in Articles 24 and 25 does not deprive the worker of the rights deriving from labor standards and from the services provided, since the lack of that formality shall be attributed to the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 26
La falta del escrito a que se refieren los artículos 24 y 25 no priva al trabajador de los derechos que deriven de las normas de trabajo y de los servicios prestados, pues se imputará el patrón la falta de esa formalidad.
If the service or services to be provided have not been specified, the worker shall be obligated to perform the work that is compatible with his or her strength, aptitudes, state or condition and that is of the same kind as the work forming the purpose of the company or establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 27
Si no se hubiese determinado el servicio o servicios que deban prestarse, el trabajador quedará obligado a desempeñar el trabajo que sea compatible con sus fuerzas, aptitudes, estado o condición y que sea del mismo género de los que formen el objeto de la empresa o establecimiento.
In the provision of services by Mexican workers outside the Republic, hired in national territory and whose employment contract is governed by this Law, the following shall be observed:
I. The working conditions shall be recorded in writing and shall contain, in addition to the stipulations of Article 25 of this Law, the following:
a) An indication that the repatriation expenses shall be borne by the hiring employer;
b) The conditions of decent and hygienic housing that the worker shall enjoy, through lease or any other form;
c) The form and conditions under which the corresponding medical care shall be provided to the worker and, as the case may be, his or her family; and
d) The mechanisms for informing the worker about the Mexican consular and diplomatic authorities to which he or she may turn abroad and about the competent authorities of the country where the services will be provided, when the worker considers that his or her rights have been impaired, in order to exercise the appropriate legal action;
II. The employer shall designate in the employment contract a domicile within the Republic for all legal purposes;
III. The employment contract shall be submitted for the approval of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), which, after verifying that it complies with the provisions referred to in sections I and II of this article, shall approve it.
If the employer does not have a permanent establishment and tax domicile or commercial representation in national territory, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall set the amount of a bond or deposit to guarantee compliance with the obligations assumed. The employer shall prove to that Center that the bond has been granted or the deposit has been made;
IV. The worker and the employer shall attach to the employment contract the visa or work permit issued by the consular or migration authorities of the country where the services are to be provided; and
V. Once the employer proves to the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration that it has complied with the obligations assumed, the cancellation of the bond or the return of the deposit that the Center has determined shall be ordered.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 28
En la prestación de los servicios de trabajadores mexicanos fuera de la República, contratados en territorio nacional y cuyo contrato de trabajo se rija por esta Ley, se observará lo siguiente:
I. Las condiciones de trabajo se harán constar por escrito y contendrán además de las estipulaciones del artículo 25 de esta Ley, las siguientes:
a) Indicar que los gastos de repatriación quedan a cargo del empresario contratante;
b) Las condiciones de vivienda decorosa e higiénica que disfrutará el trabajador, mediante arrendamiento o cualquier otra forma;
c) La forma y condiciones en las que se le otorgará al trabajador y de su familia, en su caso, la atención médica correspondiente; y
d) Los mecanismos para informar al trabajador acerca de las autoridades consulares y diplomáticas mexicanas a las que podrá acudir en el extranjero y de las autoridades competentes del país a donde se prestarán los servicios, cuando el trabajador considere que sus derechos han sido menoscabados, a fin de ejercer la acción legal conducente;
II. El patrón señalará en el contrato de trabajo domicilio dentro de la República para todos los efectos legales;
III. El contrato de trabajo será sometido a la aprobación del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, el cual, después de comprobar que éste cumple con las disposiciones a que se refieren las fracciones I y II de este artículo lo aprobará.
En caso de que el patrón no cuente con un establecimiento permanente y domicilio fiscal o de representación comercial en territorio nacional, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral fijará el monto de una fianza o depósito para garantizar el cumplimiento de las obligaciones contraídas. El patrón deberá comprobar ante dicho Centro el otorgamiento de la fianza o la constitución del depósito;
IV. El trabajador y el patrón deberán anexar al contrato de trabajo la visa o permiso de trabajo emitido por las autoridades consulares o migratorias del país donde deban prestarse los servicios; y
V. Una vez que el patrón comprueba ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral que ha cumplido las obligaciones contraídas, se ordenará la cancelación de la fianza o la devolución del depósito que esta hubiere determinado.
In the case of Mexican workers recruited and selected in Mexico for a specific job abroad of fixed duration, through mechanisms agreed upon by the government of Mexico with a foreign government, the provisions of that agreement shall be followed, which shall at all times safeguard the rights of the workers, in accordance with the following bases:
I. The general working conditions for Mexicans in the receiving country shall be dignified and equal to those granted to the workers of that country;
II. Upon the issuance of the visa or work permit by the consular or migration authority of the country where the service will be provided, that authority shall be deemed to be aware that an employment relationship will be established between the worker and a specific employer;
III. The conditions for repatriation, housing, social security and other benefits shall be determined in the agreement;
IV. Recruitment and selection shall be organized by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), through the National Employment Service, in coordination with the state and municipal authorities; and
V. It shall contain mechanisms for informing the worker about the Mexican consular and diplomatic authorities to which he or she may turn abroad and about the competent authorities of the country where the services will be provided, when the worker considers that his or her rights have been impaired, in order to exercise the appropriate legal action.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 28-A
En el caso de trabajadores mexicanos reclutados y seleccionados en México, para un empleo concreto en el exterior de duración determinada, a través de mecanismos acordados por el gobierno de México con un gobierno extranjero, se atenderá a lo dispuesto por dicho acuerdo, que en todo momento salvaguardará los derechos de los trabajadores, conforme a las bases siguientes:
I. Las condiciones generales de trabajo para los mexicanos en el país receptor serán dignas e iguales a las que se otorgue a los trabajadores de aquel país;
II. Al expedirse la visa o permiso de trabajo por la autoridad consular o migratoria del país donde se prestará el servicio, se entenderá que dicha autoridad tiene conocimiento de que se establecerá una relación laboral entre el trabajador y un patrón determinado;
III. Las condiciones para la repatriación, la vivienda, la seguridad social y otras prestaciones se determinarán en el acuerdo;
IV. El reclutamiento y la selección será organizada por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, a través del Servicio Nacional de Empleo, en coordinación con las autoridades estatales y municipales; y
V. Contendrá mecanismos para informar al trabajador acerca de las autoridades consulares y diplomáticas mexicanas a las que podrá acudir en el extranjero y de las autoridades competentes del país a donde se prestarán los servicios, cuando el trabajador considere que sus derechos han sido menoscabados, a fin de ejercer la acción legal conducente.
In the case of Mexican workers recruited and selected in Mexico for a specific job abroad of fixed duration who are placed by private entities, the following rules shall be observed:
I. Worker placement agencies shall be duly authorized and registered, as applicable, in accordance with the applicable legal provisions;
II. Worker placement agencies shall ascertain:
a) The truthfulness of the general working conditions offered, as well as of those relating to housing, social security and repatriation to which the workers will be subject. Those conditions shall be dignified and shall not entail discrimination of any kind; and
b) That the applicants have carried out the formalities for the issuance of a visa or work permit by the consular or migration authority of the country where the service will be provided;
III. Placement agencies shall inform the workers about the consular protection to which they are entitled and the location of the Mexican Embassy or consulates in the relevant country, as well as the competent authorities to which they may turn to enforce their rights in the country of destination.
In cases where the workers have been deceived regarding the working conditions offered, the worker placement agencies shall be responsible for covering the respective repatriation expenses.
The Federal Labor Inspectorate shall oversee compliance with the obligations contained in this article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 28-B
En el caso de trabajadores mexicanos reclutados y seleccionados en México, para un empleo concreto en el exterior de duración determinada, que sean colocados por entidades privadas, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Las agencias de colocación de trabajadores deberán estar debidamente autorizadas y registradas, según corresponda, conforme a lo dispuesto en las disposiciones legales aplicables;
II. Las agencias de colocación de trabajadores deberán cerciorarse de:
a) La veracidad de las condiciones generales de trabajo que se ofrecen, así como de las relativas a vivienda, seguridad social y repatriación a que estarán sujetos los trabajadores. Dichas condiciones deberán ser dignas y no implicar discriminación de cualquier tipo; y
b) Que los aspirantes hayan realizado los trámites para la expedición de visa o permiso de trabajo por la autoridad consular o migratoria del país donde se prestará el servicio;
III. Las agencias de colocación deberán informar a los trabajadores sobre la protección consular a la que tienen derecho y la ubicación de la Embajada o consulados mexicanos en el país que corresponda, además de las autoridades competentes a las que podrán acudir para hacer valer sus derechos en el país de destino.
En los casos en que los trabajadores hayan sido engañados respecto a las condiciones de trabajo ofrecidas, las agencias de colocación de trabajadores serán responsables de sufragar los gastos de repatriación respectivos.
La Inspección Federal del Trabajo vigilará el cumplimiento de las obligaciones contenidas en este artículo.
The use of persons under eighteen years of age for the provision of services outside the Republic is prohibited, except in the case of technicians, professionals, artists, athletes and, in general, specialized workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 29
Queda prohibida la utilización de menores de dieciocho años para la prestación de servicios fuera de la República, salvo que se trate de técnicos, profesionales, artistas, deportistas y, en general, de trabajadores especializados.
The provision of services within the Republic, but in a place other than the worker's habitual residence and at a distance greater than one hundred kilometers, shall be governed by the provisions contained in Article 28, section I, insofar as they are applicable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 30
La prestación de servicios dentro de la República, pero en lugar diverso de la residencia habitual del trabajador y a distancia mayor de cien kilómetros, se regirá por las disposiciones contenidas en el artículo 28, fracción I, en lo que sean aplicables.
Contracts and employment relationships bind the parties to what has been expressly agreed and to the consequences that are in accordance with labor standards, good faith and equity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 31
Los contratos y las relaciones de trabajo obligan a lo expresamente pactado y a las consecuencias que sean conformes a las normas de trabajo, a la buena fe y a la equidad.
Non-compliance with labor standards on the part of the worker only gives rise to his or her civil liability, and in no case may coercion be exercised on his or her person.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 32
El incumplimiento de las normas de trabajo por lo que respecta al trabajador sólo da lugar a su responsabilidad civil, sin que en ningún caso pueda hacerse coacción sobre su persona.
Any waiver by workers of wages earned, indemnities and other benefits deriving from the services provided is null, whatever the form or name given to it.
Every agreement or settlement, in order to be valid, shall be made in writing and contain a detailed account of the facts giving rise to it and of the rights included in it. It shall be ratified before the Conciliation Centers or the Court, as applicable, which shall approve it provided that it does not contain a waiver of the rights of the workers.
When the agreement is entered into without the intervention of the authorities, its nullity may be claimed before the Court solely with respect to whatever contains a waiver of the rights of the workers, and the rest of the agreed clauses shall retain their validity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 33
Es nula la renuncia que los trabajadores hagan de los salarios devengados, de las indemnizaciones y demás prestaciones que deriven de los servicios prestados, cualquiera que sea la forma o denominación que se le dé.
Todo convenio o liquidación, para ser válido, deberá hacerse por escrito y contener una relación circunstanciada de los hechos que lo motiven y de los derechos comprendidos en él. Será ratificado ante los Centros de Conciliación o al Tribunal según corresponda, que lo aprobará siempre que no contenga renuncia de los derechos de los trabajadores.
Cuando el convenio sea celebrado sin la intervención de las autoridades, será susceptible de ser reclamada la nulidad ante el Tribunal, solamente de aquello que contenga renuncia de los derechos de los trabajadores, conservando su validez el resto de las cláusulas convenidas.
In agreements entered into between labor unions and employers that may affect the rights of the workers, the following rules shall be observed:
I. They shall govern only for the future, so they may not affect benefits already earned;
II. They may not refer to individually identified workers; and
III. In the case of a reduction of work, the readjustment shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Article 437.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 34
En los convenios celebrados entre los sindicatos y los patrones que puedan afectar derechos de los trabajadores, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Regirán únicamente para el futuro, por lo que no podrán afectar las prestaciones ya devengadas;
II. No podrán referirse a trabajadores individualmente determinados; y
III. Cuando se trate de reducción de los trabajos, el reajuste se efectuará de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 437.
CAPITULO II / Duración de las relaciones de trabajo
Employment relationships may be for a specific work or a fixed term, seasonal or for an indefinite term and, as the case may be, may be subject to probation or initial training. In the absence of express stipulations, the relationship shall be for an indefinite term.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 35
Las relaciones de trabajo pueden ser para obra o tiempo determinado, por temporada o por tiempo indeterminado y en su caso podrá estar sujeto a prueba o a capacitación inicial. A falta de estipulaciones expresas, la relación será por tiempo indeterminado.
A specific work may only be stipulated when its nature so requires.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 36
El señalamiento de un obra determinada puede únicamente estipularse cuando lo exija su naturaleza.
A fixed term may only be stipulated in the following cases:
I. When the nature of the work to be performed so requires;
II. When its purpose is to temporarily replace another worker; and
III. In the other cases provided for by this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 37
El señalamiento de un tiempo determinado puede únicamente estipularse en los caso siguientes:
I. Cuando lo exija la naturaleza del trabajo que se va a prestar;
II. Cuando tenga por objeto substituir temporalmente a otro trabajador; y
III. En los demás casos previstos por esta Ley.
Employment relationships for the exploitation of mines that lack profitable minerals or for the restoration of abandoned or idle mines may be for a fixed term or a specific work or for the investment of a specific amount of capital.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 38
Las relaciones de trabajo para la explotación de minas que carezcan de minerales costeables o para la restauración de minas abandonadas o paralizadas, pueden ser por tiempo u obra determinado o para la inversión de capital determinado.
If, upon expiration of the term that was set, the subject matter of the work continues to exist, the relationship shall be extended for as long as that circumstance continues.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39
Si vencido el término que se hubiese fijado subsiste la materia del trabajo, la relación quedará prorrogada por todo el tiempo que perdure dicha circunstancia.
In employment relationships for an indefinite term or when they exceed one hundred and eighty days, a probationary period may be established, which may not exceed thirty days, with the sole purpose of verifying that the worker meets the requirements and has the knowledge necessary to perform the work requested.
The probationary period referred to in the preceding paragraph may be extended up to one hundred and eighty days only in the case of workers for executive or managerial positions and other persons who exercise management or administration functions of a general nature in the company or establishment, or to perform specialized technical or professional work.
During the probationary period the worker shall enjoy the wage, the guarantee of social security and the benefits of the category or position he or she holds. At the end of the probationary period, if the worker does not demonstrate that he or she meets the requirements and has the knowledge necessary to perform the work, in the judgment of the employer, taking into account the opinion of the Joint Productivity, Training and Instruction Commission under this Law, as well as the nature of the category or position, the employment relationship shall be terminated, without liability for the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-A
En las relaciones de trabajo por tiempo indeterminado o cuando excedan de ciento ochenta días, podrá establecerse un periodo a prueba, el cual no podrá exceder de treinta días, con el único fin de verificar que el trabajador cumple con los requisitos y conocimientos necesarios para desarrollar el trabajo que se solicita.
El periodo de prueba a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, podrá extenderse hasta ciento ochenta días, sólo cuando se trate de trabajadores para puestos de dirección, gerenciales y demás personas que ejerzan funciones de dirección o administración en la empresa o establecimiento de carácter general o para desempeñar labores técnicas o profesionales especializadas.
Durante el período de prueba el trabajador disfrutará del salario, la garantía de la seguridad social y de las prestaciones de la categoría o puesto que desempeñe. Al término del periodo de prueba, de no acreditar el trabajador que satisface los requisitos y conocimientos necesarios para desarrollar las labores, a juicio del patrón, tomando en cuenta la opinión de la Comisión Mixta de Productividad, Capacitación y Adiestramiento en los términos de esta Ley, así como la naturaleza de la categoría o puesto, se dará por terminada la relación de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el patrón.
Employment relationship for initial training means that by virtue of which a worker undertakes to provide his or her subordinate services, under the direction and command of the employer, for the purpose of acquiring the knowledge or skills necessary for the activity for which he or she is to be hired.
The employment relationship referred to in the preceding paragraph shall have a maximum duration of three months or, as the case may be, up to six months only in the case of workers for executive or managerial positions and other persons who exercise management or administration functions of a general nature in the company or establishment, or to perform work requiring specialized professional knowledge. During that time the worker shall enjoy the wage, the guarantee of social security and the benefits of the category or position he or she holds. At the end of the initial training, if the worker does not demonstrate competence, in the judgment of the employer, taking into account the opinion of the Joint Productivity, Training and Instruction Commission under this Law, as well as the nature of the category or position, the employment relationship shall be terminated, without liability for the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-B
Se entiende por relación de trabajo para capacitación inicial, aquella por virtud de la cual un trabajador se obliga a prestar sus servicios subordinados, bajo la dirección y mando del patrón, con el fin de que adquiera los conocimientos o habilidades necesarios para la actividad para la que vaya a ser contratado.
La vigencia de la relación de trabajo a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, tendrá una duración máxima de tres meses o en su caso, hasta de seis meses sólo cuando se trate de trabajadores para puestos de dirección, gerenciales y demás personas que ejerzan funciones de dirección o administración en la empresa o establecimiento de carácter general o para desempeñar labores que requieran conocimientos profesionales especializados. Durante ese tiempo el trabajador disfrutará del salario, la garantía de la seguridad social y de las prestaciones de la categoría o puesto que desempeñe. Al término de la capacitación inicial, de no acreditar competencia el trabajador, a juicio del patrón, tomando en cuenta la opinión de la Comisión Mixta de Productividad, Capacitación y Adiestramiento en los términos de esta Ley, así como a la naturaleza de la categoría o puesto, se dará por terminada la relación de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el patrón.
The employment relationship with a probationary period or for initial training shall be recorded in writing, guaranteeing the social security of the worker; otherwise it shall be deemed to be for an indefinite term, and the social security rights of the worker shall be guaranteed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-C
La relación de trabajo con periodo a prueba o de capacitación inicial, se hará constar por escrito garantizando la seguridad social del trabajador; en caso contrario se entenderá que es por tiempo indeterminado, y se garantizarán los derechos de seguridad social del trabajador.
Probationary and initial training periods may not be extended.
Within the same company or establishment, probationary or initial training periods may not be applied to the same worker simultaneously or successively, nor on more than one occasion, nor in the case of different job positions or promotions, even when, after the employment relationship ends, another arises with the same employer, in order to guarantee the social security rights of the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-D
Los periodos a prueba y de capacitación inicial son improrrogables.
Dentro de una misma empresa o establecimiento, no podrán aplicarse al mismo trabajador en forma simultánea o sucesiva periodos de prueba o de capacitación inicial, ni en más de una ocasión, ni tratándose de puestos de trabajo distintos, o de ascensos, aun cuando concluida la relación de trabajo surja otra con el mismo patrón, a efecto de garantizar los derechos de la seguridad social del trabajador.
When the probationary or initial training periods end and the employment relationship continues, it shall be considered to be for an indefinite term and the time during which those periods were in effect shall be counted for purposes of calculating seniority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-E
Cuando concluyan los periodos a prueba o de capacitación inicial y subsista la relación de trabajo, ésta se considerará por tiempo indeterminado y el tiempo de vigencia de aquellos se computará para efectos del cálculo de la antigüedad.
Employment relationships for an indefinite term shall be continuous as a general rule, but they may be agreed for discontinuous work when the services required are for fixed and periodic work of a discontinuous nature, in the case of seasonal activities or activities that do not require the provision of services throughout the entire week, month or year.
Workers who provide services under this modality have the same rights and obligations as workers for an indefinite term, in proportion to the time worked in each period.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 39-F
Las relaciones de trabajo por tiempo indeterminado serán continuas por regla general, pero podrán pactarse para labores discontinuas cuando los servicios requeridos sean para labores fijas y periódicas de carácter discontinuo, en los casos de actividades de temporada o que no exijan la prestación de servicios toda la semana, el mes o el año.
Los trabajadores que presten servicios bajo esta modalidad tienen los mismos derechos y obligaciones que los trabajadores por tiempo indeterminado, en proporción al tiempo trabajado en cada periodo.
Workers shall in no case be obligated to provide their services for more than one year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 40
Los trabajadores en ningún caso estarán obligados a prestar sus servicios por más de un año.
The substitution of the employer shall not affect the employment relationships of the company or establishment. The substituted employer shall be jointly and severally liable with the new employer for the obligations deriving from the employment relationships and from the Law that arose before the date of the substitution, for a term of up to six months; once that term has ended, only the liability of the new employer shall remain.
The six-month term referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be counted from the date on which notice of the substitution was given to the labor union or to the workers.
For the employer substitution to take effect, the assets that are the subject of the company or establishment shall be transferred to the substitute employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 41
La substitución de patrón no afectará las relaciones de trabajo de la empresa o establecimiento. El patrón substituido será solidariamente responsable con el nuevo por las obligaciones derivadas de las relaciones de trabajo y de la Ley, nacidas antes de la fecha de la substitución, hasta por el término de seis meses; concluido éste, subsistirá únicamente la responsabilidad del nuevo patrón.
El término de seis meses a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, se contará a partir de la fecha en que se hubiese dado aviso de la substitución al sindicato o a los trabajadores.
Para que surta efectos la sustitución patronal deberán transmitirse los bienes objeto de la empresa o establecimiento al patrón sustituto.
CAPITULO III / Suspensión de los efectos de las relaciones de trabajo
The following are causes for the temporary suspension of the obligations to provide the service and to pay the wage, without liability for the worker and the employer:
I. A contagious disease of the worker;
II. Temporary disability caused by an accident or illness that does not constitute an occupational risk;
III. Pretrial detention of the worker followed by an acquittal. If the worker acted in defense of the person or the interests of the employer, the latter shall be obligated to pay the wages that the former failed to receive;
IV. The arrest of the worker;
V. The performance of the services and the holding of the offices mentioned in Article 5 of the Constitution, and the fulfillment of the obligations set forth in Article 31, section III of that Constitution;
VI. The designation of workers as representatives before state bodies, the National Minimum Wage Commission, the National Commission for Employee Profit Sharing in Enterprises and other similar bodies;
VII. The Lack (sic DOF 04-06-2019) of the documents required by the Laws and regulations that are necessary for the provision of the service, when it is attributable to the worker;
VIII. The end of the season, in the case of workers hired under this modality, and
IX. The leave referred to in Article 140 Bis of the Social Security Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 42
Son causas de suspensión temporal de las obligaciones de prestar el servicio y pagar el salario, sin responsabilidad para el trabajador y el patrón:
I. La enfermedad contagiosa del trabajador;
II. La incapacidad temporal ocasionada por un accidente o enfermedad que no constituya un riesgo de trabajo;
III. La prisión preventiva del trabajador seguida de sentencia absolutoria. Si el trabajador obró en defensa de la persona o de los intereses del patrón, tendrá éste la obligación de pagar los salarios que hubiese dejado de percibir aquél;
IV. El arresto del trabajador;
V. El cumplimiento de los servicios y el desempeño de los cargos mencionados en el artículo 5o de la Constitución, y el de las obligaciones consignadas en el artículo 31, fracción III de la misma Constitución;
VI. La designación de los trabajadores como representantes ante los organismos estatales, Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos, Comisión Nacional para la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas y otros semejantes;
VII. La Falta (sic DOF 04-06-2019) de los documentos que exijan las Leyes y reglamentos, necesarios para la prestación del servicio, cuando sea imputable al trabajador;
VIII. La conclusión de la temporada en el caso de los trabajadores contratados bajo esta modalidad, y
IX. La licencia a que se refiere el artículo 140 Bis de la Ley del Seguro Social.
In cases where the competent authorities issue a declaration of health emergency, in accordance with the applicable provisions, that entails the suspension of work, the provisions of Article 429, section IV of this Law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 42 Bis
En los casos en que las autoridades competentes emitan una declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria, conforme a las disposiciones aplicables, que implique la suspensión de las labores, se estará a lo dispuesto por el artículo 429, fracción IV de esta Ley.
The suspension referred to in Article 42 shall take effect:
I. In the cases of sections I and II of the preceding article, from the date on which the employer becomes aware of the contagious disease or from the date on which the disability for work occurs, until the end of the period set by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) or earlier if the disability for work ceases, without the suspension being able to exceed the term set in the Social Security Law for the treatment of illnesses that are not the consequence of an occupational risk;
II. In the case of sections III and IV, from the moment the worker proves that he or she is detained at the disposal of the judicial or administrative authority, until the date on which the judgment acquitting him or her becomes final or the arrest ends. If the worker obtains provisional release, he or she shall report to work within a term of fifteen days following his or her release, unless he or she is being prosecuted for intentional crimes against the employer or his or her co-workers;
III. In the cases of sections V and VI, from the date on which the services must be provided or the offices held, for a period of up to six years;
IV. In the case of section VII, from the date on which the employer becomes aware of the fact, for a period of up to two months; and
V. In the case of section VIII, from the date of the end of the season until the beginning of the next one.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 43
La suspensión a que se refiere el artículo 42 surtirá efectos:
I. En los casos de las fracciones I y II del artículo anterior, desde la fecha en que el patrón tenga conocimiento de la enfermedad contagiosa o de la en que se produzca la incapacidad para el trabajo, hasta que termine el período fijado por el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social o antes si desaparece la incapacidad para el trabajo, sin que la suspensión pueda exceder del término fijado en la Ley del Seguro Social para el tratamiento de las enfermedades que no sean consecuencia de un riesgo de trabajo;
II. Tratándose de las fracciones III y IV, desde el momento en que el trabajador acredite estar detenido a disposición de la autoridad judicial o administrativa, hasta la fecha en que cause ejecutoria la sentencia que lo absuelva o termine el arresto. Si obtiene su libertad provisional, deberá presentarse a trabajar en un plazo de quince días siguientes a su liberación, salvo que se le siga proceso por delitos intencionales en contra del patrón o sus compañeros de trabajo;
III. En los casos de las fracciones V y VI, desde la fecha en que deban prestarse los servicios o desempeñarse los cargos, hasta por un periodo de seis años;
IV. En el caso de la fracción VII, desde la fecha en que el patrón tenga conocimiento del hecho, hasta por un periodo de dos meses; y
V. En el caso de la fracción VIII, desde la fecha de conclusión de la temporada, hasta el inicio de la siguiente.
When workers are called to enlist and serve in the National Guard, in accordance with the provisions of Article 31, section III, of the Constitution, the time of service shall be taken into account to determine their seniority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 44
Cuando los trabajadores sean llamados para alistarse y servir en la Guardia Nacional, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 31, fracción III, de la Constitución, el tiempo de servicios se tomará en consideración para determinar su antigüedad.
The worker shall return to work:
I. In the cases of sections I, II, IV and VII of Article 42, on the day following the date on which the cause of the suspension ends; and
II. In the cases of sections III, V and VI of Article 42, within the fifteen days following the termination of the cause of the suspension
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 45
El trabajador deberá regresar a su trabajo:
I. En los casos de las fracciones I, II, IV y VII del artículo 42, al día siguiente de la fecha en que termine la causa de la suspensión; y
II. En los casos de las fracciones III, V y VI del artículo 42, dentro de los quince días siguientes a la terminación de la causa de la suspensión
CAPITULO IV / Rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo
The worker or the employer may rescind the employment relationship at any time, for justified cause, without incurring liability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 46
El trabajador o el patrón podrá rescindir en cualquier tiempo la relación de trabajo, por causa justificada, sin incurrir en responsabilidad.
The following are causes for rescission of the employment relationship, without liability for the employer:
I. Deception of the employer by the worker or, as the case may be, by the labor union that proposed or recommended him or her, through false certificates or references attributing to the worker a capacity, aptitudes or abilities that he or she lacks. This cause for rescission shall cease to have effect after the worker has provided his or her services for thirty days;
II. The worker's engaging, during working hours, in a lack of probity or honesty, in acts of violence, threats, insults or mistreatment against the employer, the employer's family members or the managerial or administrative personnel of the company or establishment, or against customers and suppliers of the employer, unless there is provocation or the worker acts in self-defense;
III. The worker's committing against any of his or her co-workers any of the acts listed in the preceding section, if as a result thereof the discipline of the place where the work is performed is disrupted;
IV. The worker's committing, outside of work, against the employer, the employer's family members or managerial or administrative personnel, any of the acts referred to in section II, if they are so serious as to make the performance of the employment relationship impossible;
V. The worker's intentionally causing material damage during the performance of work or by reason thereof to the buildings, works, machinery, instruments, raw materials and other objects related to the work;
VI. The worker's causing the damage referred to in the preceding section, provided that it is serious, without intent, but with such negligence that it is the sole cause of the damage;
VII. The worker's jeopardizing, through his or her inexcusable recklessness or carelessness, the safety of the establishment or of the persons in it;
VIII. The worker's committing immoral acts or acts of harassment and/or sexual harassment against any person in the establishment or workplace;
IX. The worker's revealing manufacturing secrets or disclosing matters of a confidential nature, to the detriment of the company;
X. The worker's having more than three absences in a period of thirty days, without the employer's permission or without justified cause;
XI. The worker's disobeying the employer or its representatives, without justified cause, provided that it concerns the contracted work;
XII. The worker's refusal to adopt preventive measures or to follow the procedures indicated to prevent accidents or illnesses;
XIII. The worker's reporting to work in a state of drunkenness or under the influence of any narcotic or enervating drug, unless, in the latter case, there is a medical prescription. Before beginning his or her service, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician;
XIV. A final judgment imposing on the worker a prison sentence that prevents him or her from performing the employment relationship;
XIV Bis. The lack of documents required by laws and regulations that are necessary for the provision of the service, when it is attributable to the worker and exceeds the period referred to in section IV of Article 43; and
XV. Causes analogous to those established in the preceding sections, equally serious and with similar consequences as regards the work.
An employer that dismisses a worker shall give the worker written notice clearly stating the conduct or conducts giving rise to the rescission and the date or dates on which they were committed.
The notice shall be delivered personally to the worker at the very moment of the dismissal or else communicated to the competent Court within the five business days following, in which case the employer shall provide the last domicile of the worker that it has on record so that the authority may serve notice on the worker personally.
The statute of limitations for bringing the actions deriving from the dismissal shall not begin to run until the worker personally receives the notice of rescission.
The failure to give notice to the worker personally or through the Court shall, by itself, give rise to a presumption that the separation was unjustified, unless there is evidence to the contrary proving that the dismissal was justified.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 47
Son causas de rescisión de la relación de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el patrón:
I. Engañarlo el trabajador o en su caso, el sindicato que lo hubiese propuesto o recomendado con certificados falsos o referencias en los que se atribuyan al trabajador capacidad, aptitudes o facultades de que carezca. Esta causa de rescisión dejará de tener efecto después de treinta días de prestar sus servicios el trabajador;
II. Incurrir el trabajador, durante sus labores, en faltas de probidad u honradez, en actos de violencia, amagos, injurias o malos tratamientos en contra del patrón, sus familiares o del personal directivo o administrativo de la empresa o establecimiento, o en contra de clientes y proveedores del patrón, salvo que medie provocación o que obre en defensa propia;
III. Cometer el trabajador contra alguno de sus compañeros, cualquiera de los actos enumerados en la fracción anterior, si como consecuencia de ellos se altera la disciplina del lugar en que se desempeña el trabajo;
IV. Cometer el trabajador, fuera del servicio, contra el patrón, sus familiares o personal directivo administrativo, alguno de los actos a que se refiere la fracción II, si son de tal manera graves que hagan imposible el cumplimiento de la relación de trabajo;
V. Ocasionar el trabajador, intencionalmente, perjuicios materiales durante el desempeño de las labores o con motivo de ellas, en los edificios, obras, maquinaria, instrumentos, materias primas y demás objetos relacionados con el trabajo;
VI. Ocasionar el trabajador los perjuicios de que habla la fracción anterior siempre que sean graves, sin dolo, pero con negligencia tal, que ella sea la causa única del perjuicio;
VII. Comprometer el trabajador, por su imprudencia o descuido inexcusable, la seguridad del establecimiento o de las personas que se encuentren en él;
VIII. Cometer el trabajador actos inmorales o de hostigamiento y/o acoso sexual contra cualquier persona en el establecimiento o lugar de trabajo;
IX. Revelar el trabajador los secretos de fabricación o dar a conocer asuntos de carácter reservado, con perjuicio de la empresa;
X. Tener el trabajador más de tres faltas de asistencia en un período de treinta días, sin permiso del patrón o sin causa justificada;
XI. Desobedecer el trabajador al patrón o a sus representantes, sin causa justificada, siempre que se trate del trabajo contratado;
XII. Negarse el trabajador a adoptar las medidas preventivas o a seguir los procedimientos indicados para evitar accidentes o enfermedades;
XIII. Concurrir el trabajador a sus labores en estado de embriaguez o bajo la influencia de algún narcótico o droga enervante, salvo que, en este último caso, exista prescripción médica. Antes de iniciar su servicio, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentar la prescripción suscrita por el médico;
XIV. La sentencia ejecutoriada que imponga al trabajador una pena de prisión, que le impida el cumplimiento de la relación de trabajo;
XIV Bis. La falta de documentos que exijan las leyes y reglamentos, necesarios para la prestación del servicio cuando sea imputable al trabajador y que exceda del periodo a que se refiere la fracción IV del artículo 43; y
XV. Las análogas a las establecidas en las fracciones anteriores, de igual manera graves y de consecuencias semejantes en lo que al trabajo se refiere.
El patrón que despida a un trabajador deberá darle aviso escrito en el que refiera claramente la conducta o conductas que motivan la rescisión y la fecha o fechas en que se cometieron.
El aviso deberá entregarse personalmente al trabajador en el momento mismo del despido o bien, comunicarlo al Tribunal competente, dentro de los cinco días hábiles siguientes, en cuyo caso deberá proporcionar el último domicilio que tenga registrado del trabajador a fin de que la autoridad se lo notifique en forma personal.
La prescripción para ejercer las acciones derivadas del despido no comenzará a correr sino hasta que el trabajador reciba personalmente el aviso de rescisión.
La falta de aviso al trabajador personalmente o por conducto del Tribunal, por sí sola presumirá la separación no justificada, salvo prueba en contrario que acredite que el despido fue justificado.
The worker may request before the Conciliation Authority, or before the Court if there is no conciliation settlement, to be reinstated in the job he or she held, or to be indemnified with the amount of three months' wages, at the rate applicable on the date on which payment is made, after first observing the provisions relating to the conciliation procedure provided for in Article 684-A et seq.
If in the corresponding proceeding the employer does not prove the cause of the rescission, the worker shall also be entitled, whatever the action brought, to be paid the back wages calculated from the date of the dismissal for a maximum period of twelve months, under the provisions of the last part of the preceding paragraph.
If at the end of the term indicated in the preceding paragraph the proceeding has not concluded or the judgment has not been complied with, the worker shall also be paid the interest generated on the amount of fifteen months' wages, at the rate of two percent per month, capitalizable at the time of payment. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to the payment of other types of indemnities or benefits.
In the event of the death of the worker, back wages shall cease to be calculated as part of the dispute as of the date of death.
Lawyers, litigants or representatives who file actions, defenses, interlocutory motions, proceedings, offers of evidence, appeals and, in general, any action in a manifestly improper manner, for the purpose of prolonging, delaying or obstructing the processing or resolution of a labor proceeding, shall be fined 100 to 1000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
If the delay results from omissions or irregular conduct of public servants, the applicable sanction shall be suspension for up to ninety days without pay and, in case of recidivism, removal from office, under the applicable provisions. In addition, in the latter case the public prosecutor's office shall be notified so that it may investigate the possible commission of crimes against the administration of justice.
Public servants of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) who, without justified cause, delay, obstruct or influence the procedure for the registration of labor unions, collective bargaining agreements and internal work regulations in favor of or against one of the parties, as well as in the granting of the certificate of representativeness, shall be fined 100 to 1000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update. Public servants of the local Conciliation Centers shall be sanctioned on the same terms when they engage in these conducts in the performance of their conciliation function.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 48
El trabajador podrá solicitar ante la Autoridad Conciliadora, o ante el Tribunal si no existe arreglo conciliatorio, que se le reinstale en el trabajo que desempeñaba, o que se le indemnice con el importe de tres meses de salario, a razón del que corresponda a la fecha en que se realice el pago, observando previamente las disposiciones relativas al procedimiento de conciliación previsto en el artículo 684-A y subsiguientes.
Si en el juicio correspondiente no comprueba el patrón la causa de la rescisión, el trabajador tendrá derecho, además, cualquiera que hubiese sido la acción intentada, a que se le paguen los salarios vencidos computados desde la fecha del despido hasta por un período máximo de doce meses, en términos de lo preceptuado en la última parte del párrafo anterior.
Si al término del plazo señalado en el párrafo anterior no ha concluido el procedimiento o no se ha dado cumplimiento a la sentencia, se pagarán también al trabajador los intereses que se generen sobre el importe de quince meses de salario, a razón del dos por ciento mensual, capitalizable al momento del pago. Lo dispuesto en este párrafo no será aplicable para el pago de otro tipo de indemnizaciones o prestaciones.
En caso de muerte del trabajador, dejarán de computarse los salarios vencidos como parte del conflicto, a partir de la fecha del fallecimiento.
Los abogados, litigantes o representantes que promuevan acciones, excepciones, incidentes, diligencias, ofrecimiento de pruebas, recursos y, en general toda actuación en forma notoriamente improcedente, con la finalidad de prolongar, dilatar u obstaculizar la sustanciación o resolución de un juicio laboral, se le impondrá una multa de 100 a 1000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
Si la dilación es producto de omisiones o conductas irregulares de los servidores públicos, la sanción aplicable será la suspensión hasta por noventa días sin pago de salario y en caso de reincidencia la destitución del cargo, en los términos de las disposiciones aplicables. Además, en este último supuesto se dará vista al Ministerio Público para que investigue la posible comisión de delitos contra la administración de justicia.
A los servidores públicos del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral cuando retrasen, obstruyan o influyan en el procedimiento de registros sindicales y de contratos colectivos y de reglamentos interiores de trabajo a favor o en contra de una de las partes, así como en el otorgamiento de la constancia de representatividad sin causa justificada se les impondrá una multa de 100 a 1000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización. Por lo que se refiere a los servidores públicos de los Centros de Conciliación locales se le sancionará en los mismos términos, cuando en el desempeño de su función conciliatoria incurran en estas conductas.
For the purposes of Article 48 of this Law, the following, among others, shall be considered manifestly improper actions:
I. In the case of the parties, lawyers, litigants, representatives or witnesses:
a) Offering any personal benefit, gift or bribe to officials of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), local Conciliation Centers or Courts, as well as to third parties in a labor proceeding;
b) Altering a document signed by the worker for a different purpose in order to incorporate a resignation;
c) Requiring the signing of blank papers at the time of hiring or at any time during the employment relationship;
d) Presenting manifestly false facts in the labor proceeding, by any of the parties or their representatives, regarding the wage, the working hours or the seniority of the employment relationship;
e) Denying access to an establishment or workplace to the process server (actuario) or notifier of the labor authority when he or she requests to carry out a service of notice or proceeding. Likewise, refusing to receive the documents relating to the service of notice ordered by the labor authority when it concerns the domicile of the firm name or of the individual or legal entity sought. It is also considered an infringing conduct to simulate, with tax identification cards or official documentation of other firm names, even when they have the same domicile, for the purpose of evading the summons to the pre-judicial conciliation procedure, the service of process for a proceeding or the taking of evidence, and
f) Claiming title to a collective bargaining agreement without having workers affiliated with the labor union working at the workplace whose agreement is claimed.
II. In the case of public servants, the following shall be considered manifestly improper actions:
a) Recording a service of notice stating that he or she went to the domicile where he or she was ordered to serve notice, without having gone there;
b) Recording a service of notice or a service of process without these having been carried out;
c) Failing to serve notice within the term established by the Law or ordered by the labor authority;
d) Deliberately delaying the service of notice of a conciliation hearing, the service of process in a labor proceeding or any personal service of notice in the labor procedure, in order to benefit any of the parties to the procedure or to receive a benefit from any of the parties;
e) Receiving a gift from any of the parties or an interested third party;
f) Deliberately delaying the enforcement of judgments and agreements that are res judicata;
g) Admitting evidence unrelated to the matters in dispute that delays the procedure;
h) Delaying an order or resolution by more than eight days beyond the terms established in the law;
i) Concealing case files in order to delay the proceeding or prevent a hearing or proceeding from taking place;
j) Delaying and obstructing the delivery of the certificate of representativeness without justified cause, and
k) Unjustified refusal by the worker of a public or parastatal body to receive a service of notice from a Conciliation Center or a Court, or obstructing it, in which case the corresponding Internal Control Body shall be notified, regardless of the sanctions established in this Law.
The conduct is considered serious if the delay results from omissions or irregular conduct of public servants; in these cases, in addition to the sanctions applicable under the General Law of Administrative Responsibilities, those found responsible shall be fined 100 to 1000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, and the public prosecutor's office shall be notified of the possible commission of crimes against the administration of justice.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 48 Bis
Para efectos del artículo 48 de esta Ley, de manera enunciativa se considerarán actuaciones notoriamente improcedentes las siguientes:
I. Tratándose de las partes, abogados, litigantes, representantes o testigos:
a) Ofrecer algún beneficio personal, dádiva o soborno a funcionarios del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, Centros de Conciliación Locales o Tribunales; así como a terceros de un procedimiento laboral;
b) Alterar un documento firmado por el trabajador con un fin distinto para incorporar la renuncia;
c) Exigir la firma de papeles en blanco en la contratación o en cualquier momento de la relación laboral;
d) Presentación de hechos notoriamente falsos en el juicio laboral, por cualquiera de las partes o sus representantes, sobre el salario, la jornada de trabajo o la antigüedad de la relación de trabajo;
e) Negar el acceso a un establecimiento o centro de trabajo al actuario o notificador de la autoridad laboral, cuando éste solicite realizar una notificación o diligencia. Asimismo, negarse a recibir los documentos relativos a la notificación ordenada por la autoridad laboral cuando se trate del domicilio de la razón social o de la persona física o moral buscada. También se considera conducta infractora simular con cédulas fiscales o documentación oficial de otras razones sociales, aun cuando tengan el mismo domicilio, con objeto de evadir la citación al procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial, el emplazamiento a juicio o el desahogo de una prueba, y
f) Demandar la titularidad de un contrato colectivo de trabajo sin tener trabajadores afiliados al sindicato que labore en el centro de trabajo de cuyo contrato se reclame.
II. Tratándose de servidores públicos se considerarán actuaciones notoriamente improcedentes:
a) Levantar razón de una notificación haciendo constar que se constituyó en el domicilio que se le ordenó realizar la notificación, sin haberse constituido en el mismo;
b) Levantar razón de una notificación o cédula de emplazamiento sin que éstas se hayan realizado;
c) Omitir efectuar una notificación dentro del plazo establecido por la Ley u ordenado por la autoridad laboral;
d) Dilatar de manera deliberada la notificación de una audiencia de conciliación, el emplazamiento de un juicio laboral o cualquier notificación personal del procedimiento laboral, para beneficiar a alguna de las partes del procedimiento o para recibir un beneficio de alguna de las partes;
e) Recibir una dádiva de alguna de las partes o tercero interesado;
f) Retrasar deliberadamente la ejecución de sentencias y convenios que sean cosa juzgada;
g) Admitir pruebas no relacionadas con la litis que dilaten el procedimiento;
h) Retrasar un acuerdo o resolución más de ocho días de los plazos establecidos en la ley;
i) Ocultar expedientes con el fin de retrasar el juicio o impedir la celebración de una audiencia o diligencia;
j) Retrasar y obstruir la entrega de la constancia de representatividad sin causa justificada, y
k) Negarse a recibir injustificadamente el trabajador de un organismo público o paraestatal una notificación de un Centro de Conciliación o un Tribunal, o bien obstaculizar su realización, en cuyo caso deberá darse vista al Órgano de Control Interno correspondiente, independientemente de las sanciones que se establecen en la presente Ley.
Se considera grave la conducta si la dilación es producto de omisiones o conductas irregulares de los servidores públicos; en estos casos, además de las sanciones que sean aplicables conforme a la Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas, se les impondrá a quienes resulten responsables una multa de 100 a 1000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, y se deberá dar vista al Ministerio Público por la posible comisión de delitos contra la administración de justicia.
The employer shall be exempted from the obligation to reinstate the worker, by paying the indemnities determined in Article 50, in the following cases:
I. In the case of workers with less than one year of seniority;
II. If the employer proves before the Court that the worker, by reason of the work he or she performs or the characteristics of his or her duties, is in direct and permanent contact with the employer and the Court considers, taking into account the circumstances of the case, that the normal development of the employment relationship is not possible;
III. In the case of workers in positions of trust;
IV. In domestic work;
V. In the case of casual workers, and
VI. In the case of workers on digital platforms. Mandatory reinstatement shall only apply in the event of a violation of collective rights, such as freedom of association, union autonomy, the right to strike and the right to collective bargaining.
To exercise this right, the employer may go before the Court through the para-procedural route provided for in Article 982 of this Law to deposit the indemnity referred to in Article 50 of this Law. For that purpose, the employer shall provide the Court with the information relating to the name and domicile of the worker, so that the worker may be served notice of that para-procedural proceeding, and shall state under oath that one of the cases provided for in this article applies. The Court shall serve on the worker, for his or her information, the filing together with the breakdown of the amount of the indemnity.
If the worker does not agree with the admissibility or the terms of the indemnity, the worker shall retain his or her rights to bring the corresponding action through the courts; if it is decided in the proceeding that the worker does not fall under any of the cases of this article, the deposit of the indemnity shall have no effect whatsoever and the Court shall use the money deposited to enforce its judgment. If in that proceeding the Court decides that one of the cases provided for in this article applies, but the amount deposited is insufficient to pay the indemnity, the Court shall order the employer to pay the corresponding differences and interest.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 49
La persona empleadora quedará eximida de la obligación de reinstalar a la persona trabajadora, mediante el pago de las indemnizaciones que se determinan en el artículo 50 en los casos siguientes:
I. Cuando se trate de trabajadores que tengan una antigüedad menor de un año;
II. Si comprueba ante el Tribunal que el trabajador, por razón del trabajo que desempeña o por las características de sus labores, está en contacto directo y permanente con él y el Tribunal estima, tomando en consideración las circunstancias del caso, que no es posible el desarrollo normal de la relación de trabajo;
III. En los casos de trabajadores de confianza;
IV. En el trabajo del hogar;
V. Cuando se trate de trabajadores eventuales, y
VI. Cuando se trate de personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales. Únicamente procederá la reinstalación obligatoria en caso de violación a derechos colectivos, tales como la libertad de asociación, autonomía sindical, el derecho de huelga y de contratación colectiva.
Para ejercer este derecho el patrón podrá acudir al Tribunal en la vía paraprocesal contemplada en el artículo 982 de esta Ley para depositar la indemnización a que se refiere el artículo 50 de esta Ley. Para tal efecto el patrón aportará al Tribunal la información relacionada con el nombre y domicilio del trabajador, para que se le notifique dicho paraprocesal, debiendo manifestar bajo protesta de decir verdad que en el caso se actualiza alguna de las hipótesis contempladas en el presente artículo. Con el escrito de cuenta y desglose del monto de la indemnización el Tribunal correrá traslado al trabajador para su conocimiento.
Si el trabajador no está de acuerdo con la procedencia o los términos de la indemnización, el trabajador tendrá a salvo sus derechos para demandar por la vía jurisdiccional la acción que corresponda; en caso de que en el juicio se resuelva que el trabajador no se encuentra en ninguna de las hipótesis de este artículo, el depósito de la indemnización no surtirá efecto alguno y el Tribunal dispondrá del dinero depositado para ejecutar su sentencia. Si en dicho juicio el Tribunal resuelve que se actualiza alguna de las hipótesis contempladas en este artículo, pero el monto depositado es insuficiente para pagar la indemnización, el Tribunal condenará al patrón a pagar las diferencias e intereses correspondientes.
The indemnities referred to in the preceding article shall consist of:
I. If the employment relationship was for a fixed term of less than one year, an amount equal to the wages for half of the time of services provided; if it exceeded one year, an amount equal to six months' wages for the first year and twenty days' wages for each of the following years in which the worker provided his or her services;
II. If the employment relationship was for an indefinite term, the indemnity shall consist of twenty days' wages for each of the years of services provided;
III. In addition to the indemnities referred to in the preceding sections, the amount of three months' wages and the payment of back wages and interest, as the case may be, under the terms provided in Article 48 of this Law, and
IV. For workers on digital platforms, the indemnity shall consist of three months' wages. Additionally, twenty days' wages shall be paid for each of the years of services provided, taking into account the time actually worked, as established in Article 291-D of the same legal instrument, and the back wages and interest, as the case may be, under the terms provided in Article 48 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 50
Las indemnizaciones a que se refiere el artículo anterior consistirán:
I. Si la relación de trabajo fuere por tiempo determinado menor de un año, en una cantidad igual al importe de los salarios de la mitad del tiempo de servicios prestados; si excediera de un año, en una cantidad igual al importe de los salarios de seis meses por el primer año y de veinte días por cada uno de los años siguientes en que hubiese prestado sus servicios;
II. Si la relación de trabajo fuere por tiempo indeterminado, la indemnización consistirá en veinte días de salario por cada uno de los años de servicios prestados;
III. Además de las indemnizaciones a que se refieren las fracciones anteriores, en el importe de tres meses de salario y el pago de los salarios vencidos e intereses, en su caso, en los términos previstos en el artículo 48 de esta Ley, y
IV. Para las personas trabajadoras de plataformas digitales la indemnización consistirá en tres meses de salario. Adicionalmente se pagarán veinte días de salario por cada uno de los años de servicios prestados, tomando en cuenta el tiempo efectivamente laborado, como lo establece el artículo 291-D del mismo ordenamiento y los salarios vencidos e intereses, en su caso, en los términos previstos en el artículo 48 de esta Ley.
The following are causes for rescission of the employment relationship, without liability for the worker:
I. Deception of the worker by the employer or, as the case may be, by the employers' association when offering the job, regarding the conditions thereof. This cause for rescission shall cease to have effect after the worker has provided his or her services for thirty days;
II. The employer's, the employer's family members' or any of the employer's representatives' engaging, during work, in a lack of probity or honesty, acts of violence, threats, insults, harassment and/or sexual harassment, mistreatment or other analogous acts against the worker, his or her spouse, parents, children or siblings;
III. The employer's, the employer's family members' or workers' engaging, outside of work, in the acts referred to in the preceding section, if they are so serious as to make the performance of the employment relationship impossible;
IV. The employer's reduction of the worker's wage;
V. Not receiving the corresponding wage on the agreed or customary date or at the agreed or customary place;
VI. Suffering damage maliciously caused by the employer to the worker's tools or work implements;
VII. The existence of a serious danger to the safety or health of the worker or his or her family, either because the establishment lacks hygienic conditions or because the preventive and safety measures established by law are not complied with;
VIII. The employer's jeopardizing, through inexcusable recklessness or carelessness, the safety of the establishment or of the persons in it; and
IX. Requiring the performance of acts, conduct or behavior that impair or undermine the dignity of the worker; and
X. Causes analogous to those established in the preceding sections, equally serious and with similar consequences as regards the work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 51
Son causas de rescisión de la relación de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el trabajador:
I. Engañarlo el patrón, o en su caso, la agrupación patronal al proponerle el trabajo, respecto de las condiciones del mismo. Esta causa de rescisión dejará de tener efecto después de treinta días de prestar sus servicios el trabajador;
II. Incurrir el patrón, sus familiares o cualquiera de sus representantes, dentro del servicio, en faltas de probidad u honradez, actos de violencia, amenazas, injurias, hostigamiento y/o acoso sexual, malos tratamientos u otros análogos, en contra del trabajador, cónyuge, padres, hijos o hermanos;
III. Incurrir el patrón, sus familiares o trabajadores, fuera del servicio, en los actos a que se refiere la fracción anterior, si son de tal manera graves que hagan imposible el cumplimiento de la relación de trabajo;
IV. Reducir el patrón el salario del trabajador;
V. No recibir el salario correspondiente en la fecha o lugar convenidos o acostumbrados;
VI. Sufrir perjuicios causados maliciosamente por el patrón, en sus herramientas o útiles de trabajo;
VII. La existencia de un peligro grave para la seguridad o salud del trabajador o de su familia, ya sea por carecer de condiciones higiénicas el establecimiento o porque no se cumplan las medidas preventivas y de seguridad que las leyes establezcan;
VIII. Comprometer el patrón, con su imprudencia o descuido inexcusables, la seguridad del establecimiento o de las personas que se encuentren en él; y
IX. Exigir la realización de actos, conductas o comportamientos que menoscaben o atenten contra la dignidad del trabajador; y
X. Las análogas a las establecidas en las fracciones anteriores, de igual manera graves y de consecuencias semejantes, en lo que al trabajo se refiere.
The worker may leave his or her job within the thirty days following the date on which any of the causes mentioned in the preceding article occurs and shall be entitled to be indemnified by the employer under Article 50.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 52
El trabajador podrá separarse de su trabajo dentro de los treinta días siguientes a la fecha en que se dé cualquiera de las causas mencionadas en el artículo anterior y tendrá derecho a que el patrón lo indemnice en los términos del artículo 50.
CAPITULO V / Terminación de las relaciones de trabajo
The following are causes for termination of employment relationships:
I. The mutual consent of the parties;
II. The death of the worker;
III. The completion of the work or the expiration of the term or the investment of the capital, in accordance with Articles 36, 37 and 38;
IV. The physical or mental disability or manifest incapacity of the worker that makes the performance of the work impossible; and
V. The cases referred to in Article 434.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 53
Son causas de terminación de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. El mutuo consentimiento de las partes;
II. La muerte del trabajador;
III. La terminación de la obra o vencimiento del término o inversión del capital, de conformidad con los artículos 36, 37 y 38;
IV. La incapacidad física o mental o inhabilidad manifiesta del trabajador, que haga imposible la prestación del trabajo; y
V. Los casos a que se refiere el artículo 434.
In the case of section IV of the preceding article, if the disability arises from a non-occupational risk, the worker shall be entitled to be paid one month's wages and twelve days' wages for each year of service, in accordance with the provisions of Article 162, or, if possible and if the worker so wishes, to be provided with another job compatible with his or her aptitudes, regardless of the benefits to which he or she is entitled under the laws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 54
En el caso de la fracción IV del artículo anterior, si la incapacidad proviene de un riesgo no profesional, el trabajador tendrá derecho a que se le pague un mes de salario y doce días por cada año de servicios, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 162, o de ser posible, si así lo desea, a que se le proporcione otro empleo compatible con sus aptitudes, independientemente de las prestaciones que le correspondan de conformidad con las leyes.
If in the corresponding proceeding the employer does not prove the causes of the termination, the worker shall have the rights set forth in Article 48.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 55
Si en el juicio correspondiente no comprueba el patrón las causas de la terminación, tendrá el trabajador los derechos consignados en el artículo 48.
TITULO TERCERO / Condiciones de Trabajo / CAPITULO I / Disposiciones generales
Working conditions based on the principle of substantive equality between women and men may in no case be lower than those set in this Law and shall be proportional to the importance of the services and equal for equal work, and no differences and/or exclusions may be established on grounds of ethnic origin or nationality, sex, gender, age, disability, social status, health conditions, religion, opinions, sexual preferences, pregnancy, family responsibilities or marital status, except for the modalities expressly set forth in this Law, also guaranteeing an environment free of violence and discrimination in all its forms.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 56
Las condiciones de trabajo basadas en el principio de igualdad sustantiva entre mujeres y hombres en ningún caso podrán ser inferiores a las fijadas en esta Ley y deberán ser proporcionales a la importancia de los servicios e iguales para trabajos iguales, sin que puedan establecerse diferencias y/o exclusiones por motivo de origen étnico o nacionalidad, sexo, género, edad, discapacidad, condición social, condiciones de salud, religión, opiniones, preferencias sexuales, condiciones de embarazo, responsabilidades familiares o estado civil, salvo las modalidades expresamente consignadas en esta Ley, garantizando además un entorno libre de violencias y discriminación en todas sus formas.
Workers may perform work or tasks related or complementary to their main work, for which they may receive the corresponding wage compensation.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, related or complementary work or tasks shall mean those permanently and directly related to those agreed upon in the individual employment contracts and collective bargaining agreements or, as the case may be, those habitually performed by the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 56 Bis
Los trabajadores podrán desempeñar labores o tareas conexas o complementarias a su labor principal, por lo cual podrán recibir la compensación salarial correspondiente.
Para los efectos del párrafo anterior, se entenderán como labores o tareas conexas o complementarias, aquellas relacionadas permanente y directamente con las que estén pactadas en los contratos individuales y colectivos de trabajo o, en su caso, las que habitualmente realice el trabajador.
The worker may request the Court to modify the working conditions when the wage is not remunerative or the working hours are excessive or when economic circumstances justifying it exist.
The employer may request the modification when economic circumstances justifying it exist.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 57
El trabajador podrá solicitar al Tribunal la modificación de las condiciones de trabajo, cuando el salario no sea remunerador o sea excesiva la jornada de trabajo o concurran circunstancias económicas que la justifiquen.
El patrón podrá solicitar la modificación cuando concurran circunstancias económicas que la justifiquen.
CAPITULO II / Jornada de trabajo
Working hours means the time during which the worker is at the disposal of the employer to perform his or her work.
They may be distributed by mutual agreement between employers and workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 58
Jornada de trabajo es el tiempo durante el cual el trabajador está a disposición del patrón para prestar su trabajo.
Esta podrá ser distribuida de común acuerdo por las personas empleadoras y trabajadoras.
The maximum duration of ordinary working hours shall be forty hours per week.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 59
La duración máxima de la jornada ordinaria de trabajo será de cuarenta horas semanales.
The day shift is the shift between six and twenty hours.
The night shift is the shift between twenty and six hours.
The mixed shift is one that includes periods of time of the day and night shifts, provided that the night period is less than three and a half hours, since if it includes three and a half hours or more it shall be deemed a night shift.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 60
Jornada diurna es la comprendida entre las seis y las veinte horas.
Jornada nocturna es la comprendida entre las veinte y las seis horas.
Jornada mixta es la que comprende períodos de tiempo de las jornadas diurna y nocturna, siempre que el período nocturno sea menor de tres horas y media, pues si comprende tres y media o más, se reputará jornada nocturna.
The duration of daily working hours shall be eight hours for the day shift, seven for the night shift and seven and a half hours for the mixed shift.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 61
La duración de la jornada diaria será de ocho horas la diurna, siete la nocturna y siete horas y media la mixta.
To set the working hours, the provisions of Article 5, section III shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 62
Para fijar la jornada de trabajo se observará lo dispuesto en el artículo 5o., fracción III.
During continuous working hours, the worker shall be granted a rest of at least half an hour.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 63
Durante la jornada continua de trabajo se concederá al trabajador un descanso de media hora, por lo menos.
When the worker cannot leave the place where he or she provides services during rest or meal hours, the corresponding time shall be counted as actual working time.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 64
Cuando el trabajador no pueda salir del lugar donde presta sus servicios durante las horas de reposo o de comidas, el tiempo correspondiente le será computado como tiempo efectivo de la jornada de trabajo.
In cases of casualty or imminent risk in which the life of the worker, his or her co-workers or the employer, or the very existence of the company, is in danger, the working hours may be extended for the time strictly indispensable to prevent those harms.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 65
En los casos de siniestro o riesgo inminente en que peligre la vida del trabajador, de sus compañeros o del patrón, o la existencia misma de la empresa, la jornada de trabajo podrá prolongarse por el tiempo estrictamente indispensable para evitar esos males.
The working hours may be extended due to extraordinary circumstances.
In these cases, one hundred percent more than the amount set for ordinary hours shall be paid as wages for this time. Overtime work shall not exceed twelve hours in one week, which may be distributed in up to four hours per day, on a maximum of four days in that period.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 66
La jornada de trabajo podrá prolongarse por circunstancias extraordinarias.
En estos casos, se abonará como salario por este tiempo un cien por ciento más de lo fijado para las horas ordinarias. El trabajo extraordinario no excederá de doce horas en una semana, las cuales podrán distribuirse en hasta cuatro horas diarias, en un máximo de cuatro días en ese periodo.
The hours of work referred to in Article 65 shall be paid with an amount equal to that corresponding to each of the hours of the working day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 67
Las horas de trabajo a que se refiere el artículo 65, se retribuirán con una cantidad igual a la que corresponda a cada una de las horas de la jornada.
Workers are not obligated to provide their services for a time longer than that permitted in this chapter.
The extension of overtime beyond what is established in Article 66 of this Law may not exceed four hours per week and obligates the employer to pay two hundred percent more than the wage corresponding to the ordinary working hours.
The sum of ordinary hours and overtime may in no case exceed twelve hours per day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 68
Las personas trabajadoras no están obligadas a prestar sus servicios por un tiempo mayor del permitido en este capítulo.
La prolongación del tiempo extraordinario que supere lo establecido en el artículo 66 de esta Ley, no podrá ser mayor de cuatro horas a la semana y obliga a la persona empleadora a pagar un doscientos por ciento más del salario que corresponda a las horas de la jornada ordinaria.
La suma de las jornadas ordinaria y extraordinaria, en ningún caso podrá ser mayor a doce horas diarias.
CAPITULO III / Días de descanso
For every six days of work, at least one day of rest with full pay shall be granted.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 69
Por cada seis días de trabajo se deberá otorgar, por lo menos, un día de descanso con goce de salario íntegro.
In jobs requiring continuous work, the workers and the employer shall set by mutual agreement the days on which the workers are to enjoy their weekly rest days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 70
En los trabajos que requieran una labor continua, los trabajadores y el patrón fijarán de común acuerdo los días en que los trabajadores deban disfrutar de los de descanso semanal.
The regulations of this Law shall endeavor to make Sunday the weekly rest day.
Persons who work on Sunday shall be entitled to an additional premium of at least twenty-five percent over the wage for ordinary working days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 71
En los reglamentos de esta Ley se procurará que el día de descanso semanal sea el domingo.
Las personas que laboren en domingo tendrán derecho a una prima adicional de un veinticinco por ciento, por lo menos, sobre el salario de los días ordinarios de trabajo.
When the worker does not provide services on all working days of the week, or when on the same day or in the same week he or she provides services to several employers, he or she shall be entitled to be paid the proportional part of the wage for the rest days, calculated on the wage for the days on which he or she worked or on the wage received from each employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 72
Cuando el trabajador no preste sus servicios durante todos los días de trabajo de la semana, o cuando en el mismo día o en la misma semana preste sus servicios a varios patrones, tendrá derecho a que se le pague la parte proporcional del salario de los días de descanso, calculada sobre el salario de los días en que hubiese trabajado o sobre el que hubiese percibido de cada patrón.
Workers are not obligated to provide services on their rest days. If this provision is breached, the employer shall pay the worker, regardless of the wage to which he or she is entitled for the rest day, double wages for the service provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 73
Los trabajadores no están obligados a prestar servicios en sus días de descanso. Si se quebranta esta disposición, el patrón pagará al trabajador, independientemente del salario que le corresponda por el descanso, un salario doble por el servicio prestado.
The following are mandatory rest days:
I. January 1;
II. The first Monday of February in commemoration of February 5;
III. The third Monday of March in commemoration of March 21;
IV. May 1;
V. September 16;
VI. The third Monday of November in commemoration of November 20;
VII. October 1 every six years, when it coincides with the transfer of the Federal Executive Power;
VIII. December 25, and
IX. The day determined by the federal and local electoral laws, in the case of ordinary elections, to hold election day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 74
Son días de descanso obligatorio:
I. El 1o. de enero;
II. El primer lunes de febrero en conmemoración del 5 de febrero;
III. El tercer lunes de marzo en conmemoración del 21 de marzo;
IV. El 1o. de mayo;
V. El 16 de septiembre;
VI. El tercer lunes de noviembre en conmemoración del 20 de noviembre;
VII. El 1o. de octubre de cada seis años, cuando corresponda a la transmisión del Poder Ejecutivo Federal;
VIII. El 25 de diciembre, y
IX. El que determinen las leyes federales y locales electorales, en el caso de elecciones ordinarias, para efectuar la jornada electoral.
In the cases of the preceding article, the workers and the employers shall determine the number of workers who must provide their services. If no agreement is reached, the Court shall decide.
The workers shall be obligated to provide the services and shall be entitled to be paid, regardless of the wage to which they are entitled for the mandatory rest day, double wages for the service provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 75
En los casos del artículo anterior los trabajadores y los patrones determinarán el número de trabajadores que deban prestar sus servicios. Si no se llega a un convenio, resolverá el Tribunal.
Los trabajadores quedarán obligados a prestar los servicios y tendrán derecho a que se les pague, independientemente del salario que les corresponda por el descanso obligatorio, un salario doble por el servicio prestado.
CAPITULO IV / Vacaciones
Workers with more than one year of service shall enjoy an annual period of paid vacation, which may in no case be less than twelve working days, and which shall increase by two working days, up to twenty, for each subsequent year of service.
As of the sixth year, the vacation period shall increase by two days for every five years of service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 76
Las personas trabajadoras que tengan más de un año de servicios disfrutarán de un periodo anual de vacaciones pagadas, que en ningún caso podrá ser inferior a doce días laborables, y que aumentará en dos días laborables, hasta llegar a veinte, por cada año subsecuente de servicios.
A partir del sexto año, el periodo de vacaciones aumentará en dos días por cada cinco de servicios.
Workers who provide discontinuous services and seasonal workers shall be entitled to an annual vacation period, in proportion to the number of days worked in the year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 77
Los trabajadores que presten servicios discontinuos y los de temporada tendrán derecho a un período anual de vacaciones, en proporción al número de días de trabajos en el año.
Of the total period to which the worker is entitled under Article 76 of this Law, the worker shall enjoy at least twelve continuous days of vacation. That period may, at the option of the worker, be distributed in the manner and at the time he or she so requires.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 78
Del total del periodo que le corresponda conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 76 de esta Ley, la persona trabajadora disfrutará de doce días de vacaciones continuos, por lo menos. Dicho periodo, a potestad de la persona trabajadora podrá ser distribuido en la forma y tiempo que así lo requiera.
Vacation may not be compensated with remuneration.
If the employment relationship ends before the year of service is completed, the worker shall be entitled to remuneration proportional to the time of services provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 79
Las vacaciones no podrán compensarse con una remuneración.
Si la relación de trabajo termina antes de que se cumpla el año de servicios, el trabajador tendrá derecho a una remuneración proporcionada al tiempo de servicios prestados.
Workers shall be entitled to a premium of not less than twenty-five percent of the wages to which they are entitled during the vacation period.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 80
Los trabajadores tendrán derecho a una prima no menor de veinticinco por ciento sobre los salarios que les correspondan durante el período de vacaciones.
Vacation shall be granted to workers within the six months following the completion of the year of service. Employers shall deliver annually to their workers a certificate stating their seniority and, in accordance therewith, the vacation period to which they are entitled and the date on which they must enjoy it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 81
Las vacaciones deberán concederse a los trabajadores dentro de los seis meses siguientes al cumplimiento del año de servicios. Los patrones entregarán anualmente a sus trabajadores una constancia que contenga su antigüedad y de acuerdo con ella el período de vacaciones que les corresponda y la fecha en que deberán disfrutarlo.
CAPITULO V / Salario
Wage is the remuneration that the employer must pay the worker for his or her work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 82
Salario es la retribución que debe pagar el patrón al trabajador por su trabajo.
The wage may be set per unit of time, per unit of work, by commission, at a lump-sum price or in any other manner.
In the case of a wage per unit of time, that nature shall be specifically established. The worker and the employer may agree on the amount, provided that it is a remunerative wage, as well as on payment for each hour of service, provided that the maximum legal working hours are not exceeded and the labor and social security rights corresponding to the position in question are respected. The income received by workers under this modality shall in no case be lower than that corresponding to a daily working shift.
When the wage is set per unit of work, in addition to specifying the nature thereof, the quantity and quality of the material and the condition of the tools and implements that the employer, as the case may be, provides to perform the work, and the time for which it will make them available to the worker, shall be recorded, and the employer may not demand any amount for the natural wear and tear suffered by the tools as a result of the work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 83
El salario puede fijarse por unidad de tiempo, por unidad de obra, por comisión, a precio alzado o de cualquier otra manera.
Tratándose de salario por unidad de tiempo, se establecerá específicamente esa naturaleza. El trabajador y el patrón podrán convenir el monto, siempre que se trate de un salario remunerador, así como el pago por cada hora de prestación de servicio, siempre y cuando no se exceda la jornada máxima legal y se respeten los derechos laborales y de seguridad social que correspondan a la plaza de que se trate. El ingreso que perciban los trabajadores por esta modalidad, en ningún caso será inferior al que corresponda a una jornada diaria.
Cuando el salario se fije por unidad de obra, además de especificarse la naturaleza de ésta, se hará constar la cantidad y calidad del material, el estado de la herramienta y útiles que el patrón, en su caso, proporcione para ejecutar la obra, y el tiempo por el que los pondrá a disposición del trabajador, sin que pueda exigir cantidad alguna por concepto del desgaste natural que sufra la herramienta como consecuencia del trabajo.
The wage is made up of payments made in cash as a daily rate, bonuses, perquisites, housing, premiums, commissions, benefits in kind and any other amount or benefit given to the worker for his or her work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 84
El salario se integra con los pagos hechos en efectivo por cuota diaria, gratificaciones, percepciones, habitación, primas, comisiones, prestaciones en especie y cualquiera otra cantidad o prestación que se entregue al trabajador por su trabajo.
The wage must be remunerative and never less than the minimum set in accordance with the provisions of this Law. To set the amount of the wage, the quantity and quality of the work shall be taken into consideration.
In the case of a wage per unit of work, the remuneration paid shall be such that, for normal work, in an eight-hour working day, it results in at least the amount of the minimum wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 85
El salario debe ser remunerador y nunca menor al fijado como mínimo de acuerdo con las disposiciones de esta Ley. Para fijar el importe del salario se tomarán en consideración la cantidad y calidad del trabajo.
En el salario por unidad de obra, la retribución que se pague será tal, que para un trabajo normal, en una jornada de ocho horas, dé por resultado el monto del salario mínimo, por lo menos.
Equal work, performed in a position, working hours and conditions of efficiency that are also equal, shall receive equal wages; in fulfillment of the obligations of the State to reduce the gender wage gap, actions shall be promoted to eradicate unequal remuneration practices in accordance with the provisions of the General Law for Equality between Women and Men.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 86
A trabajo igual, desempeñado en puesto, jornada y condiciones de eficiencia también iguales, debe corresponder salario igual; en cumplimiento de las obligaciones del Estado de reducir la brecha salarial de género se promoverán acciones para erradicar las prácticas retributivas desiguales de conformidad con lo dispuesto en la Ley General para la Igualdad entre Mujeres y Hombres.
Workers shall be entitled to an annual year-end bonus (aguinaldo), which shall be paid before the twentieth day of December, equivalent to at least fifteen days' wages.
Those who have not completed the year of service, regardless of whether or not they are working on the date of payment of the year-end bonus, shall be entitled to be paid the proportional part thereof, according to the time they have worked, whatever it may be.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 87
Los trabajadores tendrán derecho a un aguinaldo anual que deberá pagarse antes del día veinte de diciembre, equivalente a quince días de salario, por lo menos.
Los que no hayan cumplido el año de servicios, independientemente de que se encuentren laborando o no en la fecha de liquidación del aguinaldo, tendrán derecho a que se les pague la parte proporcional del mismo, conforme al tiempo que hubieren trabajado, cualquiera que fuere éste.
The terms for the payment of wages may never be longer than one week for persons who perform manual work and fifteen days for other workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 88
Los plazos para el pago del salario nunca podrán ser mayores de una semana para las personas que desempeñan un trabajo material y de quince días para los demás trabajadores.
To determine the amount of the indemnities to be paid to workers, the basis shall be the wage corresponding to the day on which the right to the indemnity arises, including the daily rate and the proportional part of the benefits mentioned in Article 84.
In the case of a wage per unit of work and, in general, when the remuneration is variable, the daily wage shall be the average of the earnings obtained in the thirty days actually worked before the right arose. If there was a wage increase during that period, the basis shall be the average of the earnings obtained by the worker from the date of the increase.
When the wage is set per week or per month, it shall be divided by seven or by thirty, as the case may be, to determine the daily wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 89
Para determinar el monto de las indemnizaciones que deban pagarse a los trabajadores se tomará como base el salario correspondiente al día en que nazca el derecho a la indemnización, incluyendo en él la cuota diaria y la parte proporcional de las prestaciones mencionadas en el artículo 84.
En los casos de salario por unidad de obra, y en general, cuando la retribución sea variable, se tomará como salario diario el promedio de las percepciones obtenidas en los treinta días efectivamente trabajados antes del nacimiento del derecho. Si en ese lapso hubiese habido aumento en el salario, se tomará como base el promedio de las percepciones obtenidas por el trabajador a partir de la fecha del aumento.
Cuando el salario se fije por semana o por mes, se dividirá entre siete o entre treinta, según el caso, para determinar el salario diario.
CAPITULO VI / Salario mínimo
Minimum wage is the lowest amount that the worker must receive in cash for the services provided in a working day.
The minimum wage must be sufficient to meet the normal material, social and cultural needs of a head of family, and to provide for the compulsory education of the children.
The establishment of institutions and measures that protect the purchasing power of the wage and facilitate access for every worker to obtaining goods and services that satisfy needs is considered to be of social utility.
The annual setting of minimum wages, or the revision thereof, shall never be below the inflation observed during the elapsed period of their validity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 90
Salario mínimo es la cantidad menor que debe recibir en efectivo la persona trabajadora por los servicios prestados en una jornada de trabajo.
El salario mínimo deberá ser suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades normales de una o un jefe de familia en el orden material, social y cultural, y para proveer a la educación obligatoria de las y los hijos.
Se considera de utilidad social el establecimiento de instituciones y medidas que protejan la capacidad adquisitiva del salario y faciliten el acceso de toda persona trabajadora a la obtención de satisfactores.
La fijación anual de los salarios mínimos, o la revisión de los mismos, nunca estará por debajo de la inflación observada durante el periodo de su vigencia transcurrido.
Minimum wages may be general for one or more geographic areas of application, which may extend to one or more states (federal entities), or professional, for a given branch of economic activity or for professions, trades or special jobs, within one or more geographic areas.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 91
Los salarios mínimos podrán ser generales para una o varias áreas geográficas de aplicación, que pueden extenderse a una o más entidades federativas o profesionales, para una rama determinada de la actividad económica o para profesiones, oficios o trabajos especiales, dentro de una o varias áreas geográficas.
General minimum wages shall govern for all workers of the geographic area or areas of application that are determined, regardless of the branches of economic activity, professions, trades or special jobs.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 92
Los salarios mínimos generales regirán para todos los trabajadores del área o áreas geográficas de aplicación que se determinen, independientemente de las ramas de la actividad económica, profesiones, oficios o trabajos especiales.
Professional minimum wages shall govern for all workers of the branches of economic activity, professions, trades or special jobs that are determined within one or more geographic areas of application.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 93
Los salarios mínimos profesionales regirán para todos los trabajadores de las ramas de actividad económica, profesiones, oficios o trabajos especiales que se determinen dentro de una o varias áreas geográficas de aplicación.
Minimum wages shall be set by a National Commission made up of representatives of the workers, the employers and the government, which may be assisted by the special advisory commissions that it considers indispensable for the better performance of its functions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 94
Los salarios mínimos se fijarán por una Comisión Nacional integrada por representantes de los trabajadores, de los patrones y del gobierno, la cual podrá auxiliarse de las comisiones especiales de carácter consultivo que considere indispensables para el mejor desempeño de sus funciones.
The National Minimum Wage Commission and the Advisory Commissions shall be tripartite in composition, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter II of Title Thirteen of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 95
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos y las Comisiones Consultivas se integrarán en forma tripartita, de acuerdo a lo establecido por el Capítulo II del Título Trece de esta Ley.
The National Commission shall determine the division of the Republic into geographic areas, which shall consist of one or more municipalities in which the same general minimum wage is to govern, without there necessarily being territorial continuity between those municipalities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 96
La Comisión Nacional determinará la división de la República en áreas geográficas, las que estarán constituidas por uno o más municipios en los que deba regir un mismo salario mínimo general, sin que necesariamente exista continuidad territorial entre dichos municipios.
Minimum wages may not be subject to set-off, deduction or reduction, except in the following cases:
I. Alimony ordered by the competent authority in favor of the persons mentioned in Article 110, section V; and
II. Payment of rent referred to in Article 151. This deduction may not exceed ten percent of the wage.
III. Payment of installments to cover loans or rents from the National Workers' Housing Fund intended for social leasing, the acquisition, construction, repair, enlargement or improvement of housing, or the payment of liabilities incurred for these items. These deductions must have been freely accepted by the worker and may not exceed 20 percent of the wage for loans and 30 percent of the wage for rents.
IV. Payment of installments to cover credits granted or guaranteed by the Institute referred to in Article 103 Bis of this Law, intended for the acquisition of durable consumer goods or the payment of services. These deductions shall be preceded by the worker's free acceptance and may not exceed 10% of the wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 97
Los salarios mínimos no podrán ser objeto de compensación, descuento o reducción, salvo en los casos siguientes:
I. Pensiones alimenticias decretadas por la autoridad competente en favor de las personas mencionadas en el artículo 110, fracción V; y
II. Pago de rentas a que se refiere el artículo 151. Este descuento no podrá exceder del diez por ciento del salario.
III. Pago de abonos para cubrir préstamos o rentas provenientes del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores destinados al arrendamiento social, adquisición, construcción, reparación, ampliación o mejoras de vivienda o al pago de pasivos adquiridos por estos conceptos. Estos descuentos deberán haber sido aceptados libremente por la persona trabajadora y no podrán exceder el 20 por ciento del salario para préstamos y 30 por ciento del salario para rentas.
IV. Pago de abonos para cubrir créditos otorgados o garantizados por el Instituto a que se refiere el artículo 103 Bis de esta Ley, destinados a la adquisición de bienes de consumo duradero o al pago de servicios. Estos descuentos estarán precedidos de la aceptación que libremente haya hecho el trabajador y no podrán exceder del 10% del salario.
CAPITULO VII / Normas protectoras y privilegios del salario
Workers shall freely dispose of their wages. Any provision or measure that undermines this right shall be null.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 98
Los trabajadores dispondrán libremente de sus salarios. Cualquier disposición o medida que desvirtúe este derecho será nula.
The right to receive the wage may not be waived. The same applies to the right to receive wages earned.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 99
El derecho a percibir el salario es irrenunciable. Lo es igualmente el derecho a percibir los salarios devengados.
The wage shall be paid directly to the worker. Only in cases where the worker is unable to collect it personally shall payment be made to the person he or she designates as attorney-in-fact by means of a proxy letter signed by two witnesses.
Payment made in contravention of the provisions of the preceding paragraph does not release the employer from liability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 100
El salario se pagará directamente al trabajador. Sólo en los casos en que esté imposibilitado para efectuar personalmente el cobro, el pago se hará a la persona que designe como apoderado mediante carta poder suscrita por dos testigos.
El pago hecho en contravención a lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior no libera de responsabilidad al patrón.
Wages in cash shall be paid precisely in legal tender, and it is not permitted to pay them in goods, vouchers, tokens or any other representative sign intended to substitute for money.
With the prior consent of the worker, payment of the wage may be made by deposit into a bank account, debit card, transfers or any other electronic means. The expenses or costs arising from these alternative means of payment shall be borne by the employer.
In all cases, the worker shall have access to detailed information on the payment items and deductions. Pay receipts shall be delivered to the worker in printed form or by any other means, without prejudice to the employer's obligation to deliver them in a printed document when the worker so requests.
Printed receipts shall bear the handwritten signature of the worker in order to be valid; pay receipts contained in digital tax receipts (CFDI) may replace printed receipts; the content of a CFDI shall constitute evidence if it is verified on the Internet portal of the Tax Administration Service (SAT); if it is validated, the provisions of section I of Article 836-D of this Law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 101
El salario en efectivo deberá pagarse precisamente en moneda de curso legal, no siendo permitido hacerlo en mercancías, vales, fichas o cualquier otro signo representativo con que se pretenda substituir la moneda.
Previo consentimiento del trabajador, el pago del salario podrá efectuarse por medio de depósito en cuenta bancaria, tarjeta de débito, transferencias o cualquier otro medio electrónico. Los gastos o costos que originen estos medios alternativos de pago serán cubiertos por el patrón.
En todos los casos, el trabajador deberá tener acceso a la información detallada de los conceptos y deducciones de pago. Los recibos de pago deberán entregarse al trabajador en forma impresa o por cualquier otro medio, sin perjuicio de que el patrón lo deba entregar en documento impreso cuando el trabajador así lo requiera.
Los recibos impresos deberán contener firma autógrafa del trabajador para su validez; los recibos de pago contenidos en comprobantes fiscales digitales por Internet (CFDI) pueden sustituir a los recibos impresos; el contenido de un CFDI hará prueba si se verifica en el portal de Internet del Servicio de Administración Tributaria, en caso de ser validado se estará a lo dispuesto en la fracción I del artículo 836-D de esta Ley.
Benefits in kind shall be appropriate for the personal use of the worker and his or her family and reasonably proportional to the amount of the wage paid in cash.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 102
Las prestaciones en especie deberán ser apropiadas al uso personal del trabajador y de su familia y razonablemente proporcionadas al monto del salario que se pague en efectivo.
Warehouses and stores selling clothing, food and household articles may be created by agreement between the workers and the employers of one or more companies, in accordance with the following rules:
I. The acquisition of goods shall be free, and no coercion may be exercised on the workers;
II. The sale prices of the products shall be set by agreement between the workers and the employers, and may never be higher than official prices or, in their absence, current market prices;
III. Changes in prices shall be subject to the provisions of the preceding section; and
IV. The agreement shall determine the participation corresponding to the workers in the administration and supervision of the warehouse or store.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 103
Los almacenes y tiendas en que se expenda ropa, comestibles y artículos para el hogar, podrán crearse por convenio entre los trabajadores y los patrones, de una o varias empresas, de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. La adquisición de las mercancías será libre sin que pueda ejercerse coacción sobre los trabajadores;
II. Los precios de venta de los productos se fijarán por convenio entre los trabajadores y los patrones, y nunca podrán ser superiores a los precios oficiales y en su defecto a los corrientes en el mercado;
III. Las modificaciones en los precios se sujetarán a lo dispuesto en la fracción anterior; y
IV. En el convenio se determinará la participación que corresponda a los trabajadores en la administración y vigilancia del almacén o tienda.
The Institute of the National Fund for Workers' Consumption, in accordance with the Law that governs it, shall establish the bases for:
I. Granting credit to workers, seeking the best market conditions; and
II. Facilitating workers' access to financial services that promote their savings and the consolidation of their assets.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 103 Bis
El Instituto del Fondo Nacional para el Consumo de los Trabajadores, conforme a la Ley que lo regula, establecerá las bases para:
I. Otorgar crédito a los trabajadores, procurando las mejores condiciones de mercado; y
II. Facilitar el acceso de los trabajadores a los servicios financieros que promuevan su ahorro y la consolidación de su patrimonio.
The assignment of wages in favor of the employer or third parties is null, whatever the name or form given to it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 104
Es nula la cesión de los salarios en favor del patrón o de terceras personas, cualquiera que sea la denominación o forma que se le dé.
The wages of workers shall not be subject to any set-off.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 105
El salario de los trabajadores no será objeto de compensación alguna.
The employer's obligation to pay the wage is not suspended, except in the cases and with the requirements established in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 106
La obligación del patrón de pagar el salario no se suspende, salvo en los casos y con los requisitos establecidos en esta Ley.
The imposition of fines on workers is prohibited, whatever their cause or concept.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 107
Está prohibida la imposición de multas a los trabajadores, cualquiera que sea su causa o concepto.
Payment of the wage shall be made at the place where the workers provide their services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 108
El pago del salario se efectuará en el lugar donde los trabajadores presten sus servicios.
Payment shall be made on a working day, set by agreement between the worker and the employer, during working hours or immediately after they end.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 109
El pago deberá efectuarse en día laborable, fijado por convenio entre el trabajador y el patrón, durante las horas de trabajo o inmediatamente después de su terminación.
Deductions from workers' wages are prohibited, except in the following cases and with the following requirements:
I. Payment of debts incurred with the employer for wage advances, overpayments made to the worker, errors, losses, breakdowns or the acquisition of articles produced by the company or establishment. The enforceable amount may in no case exceed the amount of one month's wages, and the deduction shall be that agreed upon by the worker and the employer, and may not exceed thirty percent of the excess over the minimum wage;
II. Payment of the rent referred to in Article 151, which may not exceed fifteen percent of the wage.
III. Payment of installments to cover loans or rents from the National Workers' Housing Fund intended for social leasing, the acquisition, construction, repair, enlargement or improvement of housing, or the payment of liabilities incurred for these items. These deductions must have been freely accepted by the worker.
IV. Payment of dues for the establishment and promotion of cooperative societies and savings funds, provided that the workers expressly and freely state their consent and that they do not exceed thirty percent of the excess over the minimum wage;
V. Payment of alimony in favor of alimony creditors, ordered by the competent authority.
If the worker ceases to provide his or her services at the workplace, the employer shall inform the competent judicial authority and the alimony creditors of that circumstance within the five business days following the date of termination of the employment relationship;
VI. Payment of the ordinary union dues provided for in the bylaws of the labor unions.
The worker may express in writing his or her wish that the union dues not be applied, in which case the employer may not deduct them;
VII. Payment of installments to cover credits guaranteed by the Institute referred to in Article 103 Bis of this Law, intended for the acquisition of consumer goods or the payment of services. These deductions must have been freely accepted by the worker and may not exceed twenty percent of the wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 110
Los descuentos en los salarios de los trabajadores, están prohibidos salvo en los casos y con los requisitos siguientes:
I. Pago de deudas contraídas con el patrón por anticipo de salarios, pagos hechos con exceso al trabajador, errores, pérdidas, averías o adquisición de artículos producidos por la empresa o establecimiento. La cantidad exigible en ningún caso podrá ser mayor del importe de los salarios de un mes y el descuento será al que convengan el trabajador y el patrón, sin que pueda ser mayor del treinta por ciento del excedente del salario mínimo;
II. Pago de la renta a que se refiere el artículo 151 que no podrá exceder del quince por ciento del salario.
III. Pago de abonos para cubrir préstamos o rentas provenientes del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores destinados al arrendamiento social, adquisición, construcción, reparación, ampliación o mejoras de vivienda o al pago de pasivos adquiridos por estos conceptos. Estos descuentos deberán haber sido aceptados libremente por la persona trabajadora.
IV. Pago de cuotas para la constitución y fomento de sociedades cooperativas y de cajas de ahorro, siempre que los trabajadores manifiesten expresa y libremente su conformidad y que no sean mayores del treinta por ciento del excedente del salario mínimo;
V. Pago de pensiones alimenticias en favor de acreedores alimentarios, decretado por la autoridad competente.
En caso de que el trabajador deje de prestar sus servicios en el centro de trabajo, el patrón deberá informar a la autoridad jurisdiccional competente y los acreedores alimentarios tal circunstancia, dentro de los cinco días hábiles siguientes a la fecha de la terminación de la relación laboral;
VI. Pago de las cuotas sindicales ordinarias previstas en los estatutos de los sindicatos.
El trabajador podrá manifestar por escrito su voluntad de que no se le aplique la cuota sindical, en cuyo caso el patrón no podrá descontarla;
VII. Pago de abonos para cubrir créditos garantizados por el Instituto a que se refiere el artículo 103 Bis de esta Ley, destinados a la adquisición de bienes de consumo, o al pago de servicios. Estos descuentos deberán haber sido aceptados libremente por el trabajador y no podrán exceder del veinte por ciento del salario.
Debts incurred by workers with their employers shall in no case accrue interest.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 111
Las deudas contraídas por los trabajadores con sus patrones en ningún caso devengarán intereses.
The wages of workers may not be attached, except in the case of alimony ordered by the competent authority for the benefit of the persons indicated in Article 110, section V.
Employers are not obligated to comply with any other judicial or administrative attachment order.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 112
Los salarios de los trabajadores no podrán ser embargados, salvo el caso de pensiones alimenticias decretadas por la autoridad competente en beneficio de las personas señaladas en el artículo 110, fracción V.
Los patrones no están obligados a cumplir ninguna otra orden judicial o administrativa de embargo.
Wages earned in the last year and indemnities owed to workers have preference over any other claim, including those secured by a real guarantee, tax claims and those in favor of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), over all the assets of the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 113
Los salarios devengados en el último año y las indemnizaciones debidas a los trabajadores son preferentes sobre cualquier otro crédito, incluidos los que disfruten de garantía real, los fiscales y los a favor del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, sobre todos los bienes del patrón.
Workers do not need to join insolvency, bankruptcy, suspension of payments or succession proceedings. The Court shall proceed to the attachment and public auction of the assets necessary for the payment of wages and indemnities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 114
Los trabajadores no necesitan entrar a concurso, quiebra, suspensión de pagos o sucesión. El Tribunal procederá al embargo y remate de los bienes necesarios para el pago de los salarios e indemnizaciones.
The beneficiaries of a deceased worker shall be entitled to receive the benefits and indemnities pending payment, to exercise the actions and to continue the proceedings, without the need for a succession proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 115
Los beneficiarios del trabajador fallecido tendrán derecho a percibir las prestaciones e indemnizaciones pendientes de cubrirse, ejercitar las acciones y continuar los juicios, sin necesidad de juicio sucesorio.
The establishment of outlets selling intoxicating beverages and of gambling and betting houses at workplaces is prohibited. This prohibition shall be effective within a radius of four kilometers of workplaces located outside towns.
For the purposes of this Law, intoxicating beverages are those whose alcohol content exceeds five percent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 116
Queda prohibido en los centros de trabajo el establecimiento de expendios de bebidas embriagantes y de casas de juego de azar y de asignación. Esta prohibición será efectiva en un radio de cuatro kilómetros de los centros de trabajo ubicados fuera de las poblaciones.
Para los efectos de esta Ley, son bebidas embriagantes aquellas cuyo contenido alcohólico exceda del cinco por ciento.
CAPITULO VIII / Participación de los trabajadores en las utilidades de las empresas
Workers shall share in the profits of companies, in accordance with the percentage determined by the National Commission for Employee Profit Sharing in Enterprises.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 117
Los trabajadores participarán en las utilidades de las empresas, de conformidad con el porcentaje que determine la Comisión Nacional para la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas.
To determine the percentage referred to in the preceding article, the National Commission shall carry out the investigations and the necessary and appropriate studies to ascertain the general conditions of the national economy and shall take into consideration the need to promote the industrial development of the country, the right of capital to obtain a reasonable return and the necessary reinvestment of capital.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 118
Para determinar el porcentaje a que se refiere el artículo anterior, la Comisión Nacional practicará las investigaciones y realizará los estudios necesarios y apropiados para conocer las condiciones generales de la economía nacional y tomará en consideración la necesidad de fomentar el desarrollo industrial del país, el derecho del capital a obtener un interés razonable y la necesaria reinversión de capitales.
The National Commission may review the percentage it has set, in accordance with the provisions of Article 587 et seq.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 119
La Comisión Nacional podrá revisar el porcentaje que hubiese fijado, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 587 y siguientes.
The Percentage set by the Commission constitutes the share that shall correspond to the workers in the profits of each company.
For the purposes of this Law, profit in each company is considered to be the taxable income, in accordance with the rules of the Income Tax Law (LISR).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 120
El Porcentaje fijado por la Comisión constituye la participación que corresponderá a los trabajadores en las utilidades de cada empresa.
Para los efectos de esta Ley, se considera utilidad en cada empresa la renta gravable, de conformidad con las normas de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta.
The right of workers to file objections to the return that the employer files with the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) shall be subject to the following rules:
I. The employer, within a term of ten days counted from the date of filing of its annual return, shall deliver a copy thereof to the workers. The annexes that, in accordance with the tax provisions, the employer must file with the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit shall remain at the disposal of the workers for a term of thirty days at the offices of the company and at the Ministry itself.
The workers may not disclose to third parties the data contained in the return and its annexes;
II. Within the following thirty days, the labor union holding the collective bargaining agreement or the majority of the workers of the company may submit to the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit the observations it deems appropriate, and the Ministry shall be obligated to respond in writing with respect to each of them once the audit procedures have concluded in accordance with the terms established in the Federal Tax Code (CFF);
III. The final resolution issued by that Ministry may not be appealed by the workers; and
IV. Within the thirty days following the resolution issued by the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit, the employer shall comply with it regardless of whether it challenges it. If, as a result of the challenge, the outcome of the resolution changes in the employer's favor, the payments made may be deducted from the profits corresponding to the workers in the following fiscal year.
The foregoing applies except where the employer has obtained from the Court the suspension of the additional profit distribution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 121
El derecho de los trabajadores para formular objeciones a la declaración que presente el patrón a la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, se ajustará a las normas siguientes:
I. El patrón, dentro de un término de diez días contado a partir de la fecha de la presentación de su declaración anual, entregará a los trabajadores copia de la misma. Los anexos que de conformidad con las disposiciones fiscales debe presentar a la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público quedarán a disposición de los trabajadores durante el término de treinta días en las oficinas de la empresa y en la propia Secretaría.
Los trabajadores no podrán poner en conocimiento de terceras personas los datos contenidos en la declaración y en sus anexos;
II. Dentro de los treinta días siguientes, el sindicato titular del contrato colectivo o la mayoría de los trabajadores de la empresa, podrá formular ante la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público las observaciones que juzgue convenientes, la que tendrá la obligación de responder por escrito, una vez que concluyan los procedimientos de fiscalización de acuerdo a los plazos que establece el Código Fiscal de la Federación, respecto de cada una de ellas;
III. La resolución definitiva dictada por la misma Secretaría no podrá ser recurrida por los trabajadores; y
IV. Dentro de los treinta días siguientes a la resolución dictada por la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, el patrón dará cumplimiento a la misma independientemente de que la impugne. Si como resultado de la impugnación variara a su favor el sentido de la resolución, los pagos hechos podrán deducirse de las utilidades correspondientes a los trabajadores en el siguiente ejercicio.
Lo anterior, a excepción de que el patrón hubiese obtenido del Tribunal, la suspensión del reparto adicional de utilidades.
The distribution of profits among the workers shall be made within the sixty days following the date on which the annual tax must be paid, even when an objection by the workers is pending.
When the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit increases the amount of the taxable profit, without any objection by the workers having been filed or after such objection has been resolved, the additional distribution shall be made within the sixty days following the date on which notice of the resolution is served. Only if the resolution is challenged by the employer shall the payment of the additional distribution be suspended until the resolution becomes final, with the interest of the workers being guaranteed.
The amount of profits not claimed in the year in which they are payable shall be added to the distributable profit of the following year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 122
El reparto de utilidades entre los trabajadores deberá efectuarse dentro de los sesenta días siguientes a la fecha en que deba pagarse el impuesto anual, aun cuando esté en trámite objeción de los trabajadores.
Cuando la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público aumente el monto de la utilidad gravable, sin haber mediado objeción de los trabajadores o haber sido ésta resuelta, el reparto adicional se hará dentro de los sesenta días siguientes a la fecha en que se notifique la resolución. Sólo en el caso de que ésta fuera impugnada por el patrón, se suspenderá el pago del reparto adicional hasta que la resolución quede firme, garantizándose el interés de los trabajadores.
El importe de las utilidades no reclamadas en el año en que sean exigibles, se agregará a la utilidad repartible del año siguiente.
The distributable profit shall be divided into two equal parts: the first shall be distributed equally among all workers, taking into consideration the number of days worked by each one in the year, regardless of the amount of wages. The second shall be distributed in proportion to the amount of wages earned for the work performed during the year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 123
La utilidad repartible se dividirá en dos partes iguales: la primera se repartirá por igual entre todos los trabajadores, tomando en consideración el número de días trabajados por cada uno en el año, independientemente del monto de los salarios. La segunda se repartirá en proporción al monto de los salarios devengados por el trabajo prestado durante el año.
For the purposes of this chapter, wage means the amount that each worker receives in cash as a daily rate. Bonuses, perquisites and other benefits referred to in Article 84, as well as amounts received by the worker for overtime work, are not considered part of it.
In the case of a wage per unit of work and, in general, when the remuneration is variable, the daily wage shall be the average of the earnings obtained during the year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 124
Para los efectos de este capítulo, se entiende por salario la cantidad que perciba cada trabajador en efectivo por cuota diaria. No se consideran como parte de él las gratificaciones, percepciones y demás prestaciones a que se refiere el artículo 84, ni las sumas que perciba el trabajador por concepto de trabajo extraordinario.
En los casos de salario por unidad de obra y en general, cuando la retribución sea variable, se tomará como salario diario el promedio de las percepciones obtenidas en el año.
To determine the share of each worker, the following rules shall be observed:
I. A commission made up of an equal number of representatives of the workers and of the employer shall prepare a draft determining the share of each worker and shall post it in a visible place in the establishment. For this purpose, the employer shall make available to the Commission the attendance list and payroll of the workers and the other information it has;
II. If the representatives of the workers and of the employer do not reach an agreement, the Labor Inspector shall decide;
III. The workers may make the observations they deem appropriate within a term of fifteen days; and
IV. If objections are raised, they shall be resolved by the same commission referred to in section I, within a term of fifteen days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 125
Para determinar la participación de cada trabajador se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Una comisión integrada por igual número de representantes de los trabajadores y del patrón formulará un proyecto, que determine la participación de cada trabajador y lo fijará en lugar visible del establecimiento. A este fin, el patrón pondrá a disposición de la Comisión la lista de asistencia y de raya de los trabajadores y los demás elementos de que disponga;
II. Si los representantes de los trabajadores y del patrón no se ponen de acuerdo, decidirá el Inspector del Trabajo;
III. Los trabajadores podrán hacer las observaciones que juzguen conveniente, dentro de un término de quince días; y
IV. Si se formulan objeciones, serán resueltas por la misma comisión a que se refiere la fracción I, dentro de un término de quince días.
The following are exempt from the obligation to distribute profits:
I. Newly created companies, during their first year of operation;
II. Newly created companies engaged in the manufacture of a new product, during their first two years of operation. The determination of the novelty of the product shall be subject to the provisions of the laws for the promotion of new industries;
III. Newly created companies in the extractive industry, during the exploration period;
IV. Private assistance institutions recognized by law that, with privately owned property, carry out acts for humanitarian assistance purposes, without profit motives and without individually designating the beneficiaries;
V. The Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and decentralized public institutions with cultural, assistance or charitable purposes; and
VI. Companies whose capital is lower than that set by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) by branch of industry, after consultation with the Ministry of Economy (SE). The resolution may be reviewed in whole or in part when there are significant economic circumstances that justify it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 126
Quedan exceptuadas de la obligación de repartir utilidades:
I. Las empresas de nueva creación, durante el primer año de funcionamiento;
II. Las empresas de nueva creación, dedicadas a la elaboración de un producto nuevo, durante los dos primeros años de funcionamiento. La determinación de la novedad del producto se ajustará a lo que dispongan las leyes para fomento de industrias nuevas;
III. Las empresas de industria extractiva, de nueva creación, durante el período de exploración;
IV. Las instituciones de asistencia privada, reconocidas por las leyes, que con bienes de propiedad particular ejecuten actos con fines humanitarios de asistencia, sin propósitos de lucro y sin designar individualmente a los beneficiarios;
V. El Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social y las instituciones públicas descentralizadas con fines culturales, asistenciales o de beneficencia; y
VI. Las empresas que tengan un capital menor del que fije la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social por ramas de la industria, previa consulta con la Secretaría de Economía. La resolución podrá revisarse total o parcialmente, cuando existan circunstancias económicas importantes que lo justifiquen.
The right of workers to share in the distribution of profits, recognized in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, shall be subject to the following rules:
I. Directors, administrators and general managers of companies shall not share in the profits;
II. Other workers in positions of trust shall share in the profits of companies, but if the wage they receive is higher than that of the highest-paid unionized worker within the company or, in the absence of such a worker, of the permanent worker with the same characteristic, that wage increased by twenty percent shall be considered the maximum wage.
III. The amount of the share of workers in the service of persons whose income derives exclusively from their work, and that of those engaged in the care of income-producing property or in the collection of claims and their interest, may not exceed one month's wages;
IV. Working mothers, during the prenatal and postnatal periods, and workers who are victims of an occupational risk, during the period of temporary disability, shall be considered workers in active service;
IV Bis. The workers of an establishment of a company form part of it for the purposes of employee profit sharing (PTU);
V. In the construction industry, after determining which workers are entitled to share in the distribution, the Commission referred to in Article 125 shall adopt the measures it deems appropriate to summon them;
VI. Domestic workers shall not share in the distribution of profits;
VII. Casual workers shall be entitled to share in the profits of the company when they have worked at least sixty days during the year.
VIII. The amount of the profit share shall have as its maximum limit three months of the worker's wages or the average of the share received in the last three years; the amount that is more favorable to the worker shall apply, and
IX. Workers on digital platforms shall be entitled to share in the profits of the company when the time actually worked, under Article 291-D of this Law, exceeds 288 hours per year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 127
El derecho de los trabajadores a participar en el reparto de utilidades, reconocido en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, se ajustará a las normas siguientes:
I. Los directores, administradores y gerentes generales de las empresas no participarán en las utilidades;
II. Los demás trabajadores de confianza participarán en las utilidades de las empresas, pero si el salario que perciben es mayor del que corresponda al trabajador sindicalizado de más alto salario dentro de la empresa, o a falta de esté al trabajador de planta con la misma característica, se considerará este salario aumentado en un veinte por ciento, como salario máximo.
III. El monto de la participación de los trabajadores al servicio de personas cuyos ingresos deriven exclusivamente de su trabajo, y el de los que se dediquen al cuidado de bienes que produzcan rentas o al cobro de créditos y sus intereses, no podrá exceder de un mes de salario;
IV. Las madres trabajadoras, durante los períodos pre y postnatales, y los trabajadores víctimas de un riesgo de trabajo durante el período de incapacidad temporal, serán considerados como trabajadores en servicio activo;
IV Bis. Los trabajadores del establecimiento de una empresa forman parte de ella para efectos de la participación de los trabajadores en las utilidades;
V. En la industria de la construcción, después de determinar qué trabajadores tienen derecho a participar en el reparto, la Comisión a que se refiere el artículo 125 adoptará las medidas que juzgue conveniente para su citación;
VI. Los trabajadores del hogar no participarán en el reparto de utilidades;
VII. Los trabajadores eventuales tendrán derecho a participar en las utilidades de la empresa cuando hayan trabajado sesenta días durante el año, por lo menos.
VIII. El monto de la participación de utilidades tendrá como límite máximo tres meses del salario del trabajador o el promedio de la participación recibida en los últimos tres años; se aplicará el monto que resulte más favorable al trabajador, y
IX. Las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales tendrán derecho a participar en las utilidades de la empresa cuando el tiempo efectivamente laborado, en términos del artículo 291- D de esta Ley, sea superior a 288 horas anuales.
Years of loss shall not be offset against years of profit.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 128
No se harán compensaciones de los años de pérdida con los de ganancia.
The profit sharing referred to in this chapter shall not be counted as part of the wage for the purposes of the indemnities to be paid to workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 129
La participación en las utilidades a que se refiere este capítulo no se computará como parte del salario, para los efectos de las indemnizaciones que deban pagarse a los trabajadores.
The amounts corresponding to workers as profit sharing are protected by the rules contained in Articles 98 et seq.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 130
Las cantidades que correspondan a los trabajadores por concepto de utilidades quedan protegidas por las normas contenidas en los artículos 98 y siguientes.
The right of workers to share in profits does not imply the power to intervene in the management or administration of companies.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 131
El derecho de los trabajadores a participar en las utilidades no implica la facultad de intervenir en la dirección o administración de las empresas.
TITULO CUARTO / Derechos y Obligaciones de los Trabajadores y de los Patrones / CAPITULO I / Obligaciones de los patrones
The following are obligations of employers:
I.- To comply with the provisions of the labor standards applicable to their companies or establishments;
II.- To pay workers their wages and indemnities, in accordance with the rules in force in the company or establishment;
III.- To provide workers in a timely manner with the implements, instruments and materials necessary for the performance of the work, which must be of good quality and in good condition, and to replace them as soon as they cease to be efficient, provided that the workers have not undertaken to use their own tools. The employer may not demand any indemnity for the natural wear and tear suffered by the work implements, instruments and materials;
IV.- To provide a secure place for the safekeeping of the work instruments and implements belonging to the worker, whenever they must remain at the place where the services are provided, and the employer may not lawfully retain them as an indemnity, guarantee or for any other reason. The work instruments or implements shall be inventoried whenever the worker so requests;
V.- To provide a sufficient number of seats or chairs with backrests available to all workers in the services and commerce sectors and similar workplaces, for the performance of their duties or for periodic rest during the working day. In the case of periodic rest, the seats or chairs with backrests shall be located in specific areas designated for that purpose within the facilities of the workplace itself. The same provision shall be observed in industrial establishments when the nature of the work permits;
VI.- To treat workers with due consideration, refraining from verbal or physical mistreatment;
VII.- To issue every fifteen days, at the request of the workers, a written certificate of the number of days worked and the wage received;
VIII.- To issue to a worker who so requests or who leaves the company, within a term of three days, a written certificate regarding his or her services;
IX.- To grant workers the time necessary to vote in popular elections and recall of mandate processes and to perform jury, electoral and census services referred to in Article 5 of the Constitution, when those activities must be performed during their working hours;
X.- To allow workers to be absent from work to perform a temporary or permanent assignment for their labor union or for the State, provided that they give timely notice and that the number of workers on assignment is not such as to harm the proper operation of the establishment. The time lost may be deducted from the worker's wages unless the worker makes up for it with an equal amount of actual work time. When the assignment is of a permanent nature, the worker or workers may return to the position they held, retaining all their rights, provided that they return to work within a term of six years. The substitutes shall have the status of temporary workers, and shall be considered permanent after six years;
XI.- To inform the labor union holding the collective bargaining agreement and the workers of the immediately lower category of newly created positions and of definitive and temporary vacancies that are to be filled;
XII.- To establish and maintain Constitutional Article 123 schools, in accordance with the provisions of the laws and of the Ministry of Public Education;
XIII.- To collaborate with the Labor and Education Authorities, in accordance with the laws and regulations, in order to achieve the literacy of workers;
XIV.- When they employ more than one hundred and fewer than one thousand workers, to bear at their own expense the costs indispensable to support in a decent manner the technical, industrial or practical studies, at special national or foreign centers, of one of their workers or of one of their workers' children, designated on the basis of his or her aptitudes, qualities and dedication by the workers themselves and the employer. When they have more than one thousand workers in their service, they shall support three scholarship holders under the conditions indicated. The employer may only cancel the scholarship when the scholarship holder fails the course in one year or engages in misconduct; but in those cases the scholarship holder shall be replaced by another. Scholarship holders who have completed their studies shall provide their services to the employer that granted them the scholarship for at least one year;
XV.- To provide training and instruction to their workers, under Chapter III Bis of this Title.
XVI. To install and operate the factories, workshops, offices, premises and other places where the work is to be performed in accordance with the provisions established in the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on occupational safety, health and work environment, in order to prevent occupational accidents and illnesses. Likewise, they shall adopt the preventive and corrective measures determined by the labor authority;
XVI Bis. To have, at workplaces with more than 50 workers, adequate facilities for access and the performance of activities by persons with disabilities;
XVII. To comply with the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards on occupational safety, health and work environment, as well as to have available at all times the medicines and healing materials indispensable to provide first aid in a timely and effective manner;
XVIII. To post visibly and disseminate at the places where work is performed the relevant provisions of the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards on occupational safety, health and work environment, as well as the full text of the collective bargaining agreement or agreements in force in the company; likewise, information on the risks and hazards to which the workers are exposed shall be disseminated to them;
XIX.- To provide their workers with the prophylactic medicines determined by the health authority in places where tropical or endemic diseases exist, or when there is a danger of epidemic;
XIX Bis. To comply with the provisions set by the competent authority in the event of a health emergency, as well as to provide their workers with the items indicated by that authority to prevent illnesses in the event of a declaration of health emergency;
XX.- To reserve, when the fixed population of a rural workplace exceeds two hundred inhabitants, a plot of land of not less than five thousand square meters for the establishment of public markets, buildings for municipal services and recreational centers, provided that the workplace is at a distance of not less than five kilometers from the nearest town;
XXI.- To provide labor unions, if they so request, at rural workplaces, with unoccupied premises in which to set up their offices, charging the corresponding rent. If there are no premises under the conditions indicated, any of those assigned for the housing of workers may be used for that purpose;
XXII.- To make the deductions of ordinary union dues requested by labor unions, provided that it is proven that they are those provided for in Article 110, section VI;
XXIII.- To make the deductions of dues for the establishment and promotion of cooperative societies and savings funds, in accordance with the provisions of Article 110, section IV;
XXIII Bis. To make the deductions and payments corresponding to the alimony provided for in section V of Article 110 and to collaborate for that purpose with the competent judicial authority;
XXIV.- To permit the inspection and supervision carried out by the labor authorities at their establishment to verify compliance with labor standards and to give them the reports indispensable for that purpose, when they so request. Employers may require inspectors or commissioners to show them their credentials and to inform them of the instructions they have; and
XXV.- To contribute to the promotion of cultural and sports activities among their workers and to provide them with the indispensable equipment and implements.
XXVI. To make the deductions provided for in section IV of Article 97 and section VII of Article 110, and to remit the deductions in order of priority, first to the Institute of the National Fund for Workers' Consumption and then to the other institutions. This obligation does not make the employer a joint debtor of the credit granted to the worker;
XXVI Bis. To affiliate the workplace with the Institute of the National Fund for Workers' Consumption, so that the workers may be eligible for the credit provided by that entity. Affiliation shall be free of charge for the employer;
XXVII.- To provide pregnant women with the protection established by the regulations.
XXVII Bis. To grant paternity leave of five working days with pay to male workers for the birth of their children, and likewise in the case of the adoption of an infant;
XXVIII.- To participate in the formation and operation of the Commissions that must be formed at each workplace, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, and
XXIX.- To grant leave without pay to workers declared missing who have a Special Declaration of Absence, under the provisions of the special legislation on the matter.
XXIX Bis.- To grant the appropriate facilities to workers with respect to the leaves issued by the Institute as established in Article 140 Bis of the Social Security Law.
XXX. To deliver to their workers, free of charge, a printed copy of the initial collective bargaining agreement or of its revision within the fifteen days following the filing of that agreement with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL); compliance with this obligation may be proven with the worker's signature acknowledging receipt;
XXXI. To implement, in agreement with the workers, a protocol to prevent discrimination on grounds of gender and to address cases of violence and sexual harassment, as well as to eradicate forced and child labor;
XXXII. To post and disseminate, at the busiest places in the workplace, the faithful text of the call and other documents requested by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration for the conduct of the consultation procedure referred to in Articles 390 Bis and 390 Ter;
XXXIII. To post, at the busiest places in the workplace, the call requested by the labor union when the workers are consulted on the content of the initial collective bargaining agreement or the revision agreement, under Articles 390 Ter and 400 Bis, and
XXXIV. To electronically record the working hours of each worker, including the start and end times, as well as to provide that record to the authority when required.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall issue the general provisions determining the scope of application of, and exceptions to, the obligation established in the preceding paragraph.
The content of the electronic record shall constitute full evidence if it is proven that it was agreed upon between the worker and the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 132
Son obligaciones de las personas empleadoras:
I.- Cumplir las disposiciones de las normas de trabajo aplicables a sus empresas o establecimientos;
II.- Pagar a los trabajadores los salarios e indemnizaciones, de conformidad con las normas vigentes en la empresa o establecimiento;
III.- Proporcionar oportunamente a los trabajadores los útiles, instrumentos y materiales necesarios para la ejecución del trabajo, debiendo darlos de buena calidad, en buen estado y reponerlos tan luego como dejen de ser eficientes, siempre que aquéllos no se hayan comprometido a usar herramienta propia. El patrón no podrá exigir indemnización alguna por el desgaste natural que sufran los útiles, instrumentos y materiales de trabajo;
IV.- Proporcionar local seguro para la guarda de los instrumentos y útiles de trabajo pertenecientes al trabajador, siempre que deban permanecer en el lugar en que prestan los servicios, sin que sea lícito al patrón retenerlos a título de indemnización, garantía o cualquier otro. El registro de instrumentos o útiles de trabajo deberá hacerse siempre que el trabajador lo solicite;
V.- Proveer el número suficiente de asientos o sillas con respaldo a disposición de todas las personas trabajadoras en los sectores de servicios, comercio y centros de trabajo análogos, para la ejecución de sus funciones o para el descanso periódico durante la jornada laboral. En el caso de descansos periódicos, los asientos o sillas con respaldo deberán estar ubicados en áreas específicas que para tal efecto se designen en las mismas instalaciones del lugar de trabajo. La misma disposición se observará en los establecimientos industriales cuando lo permita la naturaleza del trabajo;
VI.- Guardar a los trabajadores la debida consideración, absteniéndose de mal trato de palabra o de obra;
VII.- Expedir cada quince días, a solicitud de los trabajadores, una constancia escrita del número de días trabajados y del salario percibido;
VIII.- Expedir al trabajador que lo solicite o se separe de la empresa, dentro del término de tres días, una constancia escrita relativa a sus servicios;
IX.- Conceder a los trabajadores el tiempo necesario para el ejercicio del voto en las elecciones populares, los procesos de revocación de mandato y para el cumplimiento de los servicios de jurados, electorales y censales, a que se refiere el artículo 5o., de la Constitución, cuando esas actividades deban cumplirse dentro de sus horas de trabajo;
X.- Permitir a los trabajadores faltar a su trabajo para desempeñar una comisión accidental o permanente de su sindicato o del Estado, siempre que avisen con la oportunidad debida y que el número de trabajadores comisionados no sea tal que perjudique la buena marcha del establecimiento. El tiempo perdido podrá descontarse al trabajador a no ser que lo compense con un tiempo igual de trabajo efectivo. Cuando la comisión sea de carácter permanente, el trabajador o trabajadores podrán volver al puesto que ocupaban, conservando todos sus derechos, siempre y cuando regresen a su trabajo dentro del término de seis años. Los substitutos tendrán el carácter de interinos, considerándolos como de planta después de seis años;
XI.- Poner en conocimiento del sindicato titular del contrato colectivo y de los trabajadores de la categoría inmediata inferior, los puestos de nueva creación, las vacantes definitivas y las temporales que deban cubrirse;
XII.- Establecer y sostener las escuelas Artículo 123 Constitucional, de conformidad con lo que dispongan las leyes y la Secretaría de Educación Pública;
XIII.- Colaborar con las Autoridades del Trabajo y de Educación, de conformidad con las leyes y reglamentos, a fin de lograr la alfabetización de los trabajadores;
XIV.- Hacer por su cuenta, cuando empleen más de cien y menos de mil trabajadores, los gastos indispensables para sostener en forma decorosa los estudios técnicos, industriales o prácticos, en centros especiales, nacionales o extranjeros, de uno de sus trabajadores o de uno de los hijos de éstos, designado en atención a sus aptitudes, cualidades y dedicación, por los mismos trabajadores y el patrón. Cuando tengan a su servicio más de mil trabajadores deberán sostener tres becarios en las condiciones señaladas. El patrón sólo podrá cancelar la beca cuando sea reprobado el becario en el curso de un año o cuando observe mala conducta; pero en esos casos será substituido por otro. Los becarios que hayan terminado sus estudios deberán prestar sus servicios al patrón que los hubiese becado, durante un año, por lo menos;
XV.- Proporcionar capacitación y adiestramiento a sus trabajadores, en los términos del Capítulo III Bis de este Título.
XVI. Instalar y operar las fábricas, talleres, oficinas, locales y demás lugares en que deban ejecutarse las labores, de acuerdo con las disposiciones establecidas en el reglamento y las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, a efecto de prevenir accidentes y enfermedades laborales. Asimismo, deberán adoptar las medidas preventivas y correctivas que determine la autoridad laboral;
XVI Bis. Contar, en los centros de trabajo que tengan más de 50 trabajadores, con instalaciones adecuadas para el acceso y desarrollo de actividades de las personas con discapacidad;
XVII. Cumplir el reglamento y las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, así como disponer en todo tiempo de los medicamentos y materiales de curación indispensables para prestar oportuna y eficazmente los primeros auxilios;
XVIII. Fijar visiblemente y difundir en los lugares donde se preste el trabajo, las disposiciones conducentes de los reglamentos y las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, así como el texto íntegro del o los contratos colectivos de trabajo que rijan en la empresa; asimismo, se deberá difundir a los trabajadores la información sobre los riesgos y peligros a los que están expuestos;
XIX.- Proporcionar a sus trabajadores los medicamentos profilácticos que determine la autoridad sanitaria en los lugares donde existan enfermedades tropicales o endémicas, o cuando exista peligro de epidemia;
XIX Bis. Cumplir con las disposiciones que en caso de emergencia sanitaria fije la autoridad competente, así como proporcionar a sus trabajadores los elementos que señale dicha autoridad, para prevenir enfermedades en caso de declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria;
XX.- Reservar, cuando la población fija de un centro rural de trabajo exceda de doscientos habitantes, un espacio de terreno no menor de cinco mil metros cuadrados para el establecimiento de mercados públicos, edificios para los servicios municipales y centros recreativos, siempre que dicho centro de trabajo esté a una distancia no menor de cinco kilómetros de la población más próxima;
XXI.- Proporcionar a los sindicatos, si lo solicitan, en los centros rurales de trabajo, un local que se encuentre desocupado para que instalen sus oficinas, cobrando la renta correspondiente. Si no existe local en las condiciones indicadas, se podrá emplear para ese fin cualquiera de los asignados para alojamiento de los trabajadores;
XXII.- Hacer las deducciones que soliciten los sindicatos de las cuotas sindicales ordinarias, siempre que se compruebe que son las previstas en el artículo 110, fracción VI;
XXIII.- Hacer las deducciones de las cuotas para la constitución y fomento de sociedades cooperativas y de cajas de ahorro, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 110, fracción IV;
XXIII Bis. Hacer las deducciones y pagos correspondientes a las pensiones alimenticias previstas en la fracción V del artículo 110 y colaborar al efecto con la autoridad jurisdiccional competente;
XXIV.- Permitir la inspección y vigilancia que las autoridades del trabajo practiquen en su establecimiento para cerciorarse del cumplimiento de las normas de trabajo y darles los informes que a ese efecto sean indispensables, cuando lo soliciten. Los patrones podrán exigir a los inspectores o comisionados que les muestren sus credenciales y les den a conocer las instrucciones que tengan; y
XXV.- Contribuir al fomento de las actividades culturales y del deporte entre sus trabajadores y proporcionarles los equipos y útiles indispensables.
XXVI. Hacer las deducciones previstas en las fracciones IV del artículo 97 y VII del artículo 110, enterar los descuentos en orden de prelación, primero al Instituto del Fondo Nacional para el Consumo de los Trabajadores y posterior a las otras instituciones. Esta obligación no convierte al patrón en deudor solidario del crédito que se haya concedido al trabajador;
XXVI Bis. Afiliar al centro de trabajo al Instituto del Fondo Nacional para el Consumo de los Trabajadores, a efecto de que los trabajadores puedan ser sujetos del crédito que proporciona dicha entidad. La afiliación será gratuita para el patrón;
XXVII.- Proporcionar a las mujeres embarazadas la protección que establezcan los reglamentos.
XXVII Bis. Otorgar permiso de paternidad de cinco días laborables con goce de sueldo, a los hombres trabajadores, por el nacimiento de sus hijos y de igual manera en el caso de la adopción de un infante;
XXVIII.- Participar en la integración y funcionamiento de las Comisiones que deban formarse en cada centro de trabajo, de acuerdo con lo establecido por esta Ley, y
XXIX.- Otorgar permiso sin goce de sueldo a las y los trabajadores declarados desaparecidos que cuenten con Declaración Especial de Ausencia, en los términos de lo establecido en la legislación especial en la materia.
XXIX Bis.- Otorgar las facilidades conducentes a los trabajadores respecto de las licencias expedidas por el Instituto según lo establece el artículo 140 Bis de la Ley del Seguro Social.
XXX. Entregar a sus trabajadores de manera gratuita un ejemplar impreso del contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial o de su revisión dentro de los quince días siguientes a que dicho contrato sea depositado ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral; esta obligación se podrá acreditar con la firma de recibido del trabajador;
XXXI. Implementar, en acuerdo con los trabajadores, un protocolo para prevenir la discriminación por razones de género y atención de casos de violencia y acoso u hostigamiento sexual, así como erradicar el trabajo forzoso e infantil;
XXXII. Fijar y difundir en los lugares de mayor afluencia del centro de trabajo el texto fiel de la convocatoria y demás documentos que le solicite el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral para el desarrollo del procedimiento de consulta a que hacen referencia los artículos 390 Bis y 390 Ter;
XXXIII. Fijar en los lugares de mayor afluencia del centro de trabajo la convocatoria que le solicite el sindicato cuando se consulte a los trabajadores el contenido del contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial o el convenio de revisión, en términos de los artículos 390 Ter y 400 Bis, y
XXXIV. Registrar de manera electrónica la jornada laboral de cada persona trabajadora, incluyendo el horario de inicio y finalización; así como proporcionarlo a la autoridad cuando se le requiera.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social expedirá las disposiciones de carácter general que determinen el ámbito de aplicación y excepción a la obligación establecida en el párrafo que antecede.
El contenido del registro electrónico hará prueba plena si se acredita que fue acordado entre la persona trabajadora y empleadora.
Employers or their representatives are prohibited from:
I. Refusing to accept workers on grounds of ethnic or national origin, gender, age, disability, social status, health conditions, religion, opinions, sexual preferences, marital status or any other criterion that may give rise to a discriminatory act;
II.- Requiring workers to purchase their consumer goods at a specific store or place;
III.- Requiring or accepting money from workers as a gratuity for being admitted to work or for any other reason related to the conditions thereof;
IV. Compelling workers, by coercion or by any other means, to join or withdraw from the labor union or association to which they belong, or to vote for a particular candidacy, as well as any act or omission that undermines their right to decide who should represent them in collective bargaining;
V. Intervening in any way in the internal affairs of the labor union, or preventing its formation or the conduct of union activity, through implicit or explicit reprisals against the workers;
VI.- Making or authorizing collections or subscriptions at establishments and workplaces;
VII.- Performing any act that restricts the rights granted to workers by law;
VIII.- Engaging in political or religious propaganda within the establishment;
IX.- Using the system of blacklisting workers who leave or are separated from work so that they are not given employment again;
X. Carrying weapons inside establishments located within towns;
XI. Appearing at establishments in a state of drunkenness or under the influence of a narcotic or enervating drug;
XII. Committing acts of harassment and/or sexual harassment against any person in the workplace;
XIII. Permitting or tolerating acts of harassment and/or sexual harassment at the workplace;
XIV. Requiring the presentation of medical certificates of non-pregnancy for admission to, continuation in or promotion in employment;
XV. Dismissing a female worker or directly or indirectly coercing her to resign because she is pregnant, because of a change in marital status or because she has the care of minor children, and
XVI. Removing from the payroll or terminating the employment relationship of a worker who has the status of a missing person and has a Special Declaration of Absence, under the provisions of the special legislation on the matter.
XVII.- Performing any act intended to exercise control over the labor union to which their workers belong;
XVII Bis.- Requiring workers to remain standing for the entire working day and prohibiting them from sitting down periodically while performing their duties, and
XVIII. Others established by this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 133
Queda prohibido a las personas empleadoras o a sus representantes:
I. Negarse a aceptar trabajadores por razón de origen étnico o nacional, género, edad, discapacidad, condición social, condiciones de salud, religión, opiniones, preferencias sexuales, estado civil o cualquier otro criterio que pueda dar lugar a un acto discriminatorio;
II.- Exigir que los trabajadores compren sus artículos de consumo en tienda o lugar determinado;
III.- Exigir o aceptar dinero de los trabajadores como gratificación porque se les admita en el trabajo o por cualquier otro motivo que se refiera a las condiciones de éste;
IV. Obligar a los trabajadores por coacción o por cualquier otro medio, a afiliarse o retirarse del sindicato o agrupación a que pertenezcan, o a que voten por determinada candidatura, así como cualquier acto u omisión que atente contra su derecho a decidir quién debe representarlos en la negociación colectiva;
V. Intervenir en cualquier forma en el régimen interno del sindicato, impedir su formación o el desarrollo de la actividad sindical, mediante represalias implícitas o explícitas contra los trabajadores;
VI.- Hacer o autorizar colectas o suscripciones en los establecimientos y lugares de trabajo;
VII.- Ejecutar cualquier acto que restrinja a los trabajadores los derechos que les otorgan las leyes;
VIII.- Hacer propaganda política o religiosa dentro del establecimiento;
IX.- Emplear el sistema de poner en el índice a los trabajadores que se separen o sean separados del trabajo para que no se les vuelva a dar ocupación;
X. Portar armas en el interior de los establecimientos ubicados dentro de las poblaciones;
XI. Presentarse en los establecimientos en estado de embriaguez o bajo la influencia de un narcótico o droga enervante;
XII. Realizar actos de hostigamiento y/o acoso sexual contra cualquier persona en el lugar de trabajo;
XIII. Permitir o tolerar actos de hostigamiento y/o acoso sexual en el centro de trabajo;
XIV. Exigir la presentación de certificados médicos de no embarazo para el ingreso, permanencia o ascenso en el empleo;
XV. Despedir a una trabajadora o coaccionarla directa o indirectamente para que renuncie por estar embarazada, por cambio de estado civil o por tener el cuidado de hijos menores, y
XVI. Dar de baja o terminar la relación laboral de un trabajador que tenga la calidad de persona desaparecida y cuente con Declaración Especial de Ausencia, en los términos de lo establecido en la legislación especial en la materia.
XVII.- Realizar cualquier acto tendiente a ejercer control sobre el sindicato al que pertenezcan sus trabajadores;
XVII Bis.- Obligar a las personas trabajadoras a permanecer de pie durante la totalidad de la jornada laboral y prohibirles tomar asiento periódicamente durante el desarrollo de sus funciones, y
XVIII. Las demás que establezca esta Ley.
CAPITULO II / Obligaciones de los trabajadores
The following are obligations of workers:
I.- To comply with the provisions of the labor standards applicable to them;
II. To observe the provisions contained in the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on occupational safety, health and work environment, as well as those indicated by employers for their safety and personal protection;
III.- To perform the service under the direction of the employer or its representative, to whose authority they shall be subordinate in everything concerning the work;
IV.- To perform the work with the appropriate intensity, care and diligence and in the agreed form, time and place;
V.- To give immediate notice to the employer, except in cases of fortuitous event or force majeure, of the justified causes that prevent them from reporting to work;
VI.- To return to the employer the unused materials and to keep in good condition the instruments and implements given to them for the work, without being liable for the deterioration caused by the use of these objects, or for that caused by fortuitous event, force majeure, or poor quality or defective construction;
VII.- To observe good conduct during service;
VIII.- To provide assistance at any time it is needed, when, due to a casualty or imminent risk, the persons or the interests of the employer or of their co-workers are in danger;
IX.- To serve on the bodies established by this Law;
X.- To submit to the medical examinations provided for in the internal regulations and other rules in force in the company or establishment, to verify that they do not suffer from any disability or occupational, contagious or incurable illness;
XI. To inform the employer of the contagious diseases from which they suffer, as soon as they become aware of them;
XII. To inform the employer or its representative of the deficiencies they notice, in order to avoid damage or harm to the interests and lives of their co-workers or of the employers; and
XIII. To keep scrupulously the technical, commercial and manufacturing secrets of the products in whose production they participate directly or indirectly, or of which they have knowledge by reason of the work they perform, as well as of confidential administrative matters whose disclosure may cause harm to the company.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 134
Son obligaciones de los trabajadores:
I.- Cumplir las disposiciones de las normas de trabajo que les sean aplicables;
II. Observar las disposiciones contenidas en el reglamento y las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, así como las que indiquen los patrones para su seguridad y protección personal;
III.- Desempeñar el servicio bajo la dirección del patrón o de su representante, a cuya autoridad estarán subordinados en todo lo concerniente al trabajo;
IV.- Ejecutar el trabajo con la intensidad, cuidado y esmero apropiados y en la forma, tiempo y lugar convenidos;
V.- Dar aviso inmediato al patrón, salvo caso fortuito o de fuerza mayor, de las causas justificadas que le impidan concurrir a su trabajo;
VI.- Restituir al patrón los materiales no usados y conservar en buen estado los instrumentos y útiles que les haya dado para el trabajo, no siendo responsables por el deterioro que origine el uso de estos objetos, ni del ocasionado por caso fortuito, fuerza mayor, o por mala calidad o defectuosa construcción;
VII.- Observar buenas costumbres durante el servicio;
VIII.- Prestar auxilios en cualquier tiempo que se necesiten, cuando por siniestro o riesgo inminente peligren las personas o los intereses del patrón o de sus compañeros de trabajo;
IX.- Integrar los organismos que establece esta Ley;
X.- Someterse a los reconocimientos médicos previstos en el reglamento interior y demás normas vigentes en la empresa o establecimiento, para comprobar que no padecen alguna incapacidad o enfermedad de trabajo, contagiosa o incurable;
XI. Poner en conocimiento del patrón las enfermedades contagiosas que padezcan, tan pronto como tengan conocimiento de las mismas;
XII. Comunicar al patrón o a su representante las deficiencias que adviertan, a fin de evitar daños o perjuicios a los intereses y vidas de sus compañeros de trabajo o de los patrones; y
XIII. Guardar escrupulosamente los secretos técnicos, comerciales y de fabricación de los productos a cuya elaboración concurran directa o indirectamente, o de los cuales tengan conocimiento por razón del trabajo que desempeñen, así como de los asuntos administrativos reservados, cuya divulgación pueda causar perjuicios a la empresa.
Workers are prohibited from:
I. Performing any act that may endanger their own safety, that of their co-workers or that of third parties, as well as that of the establishments or places where the work is performed;
II. Being absent from work without justified cause or without the employer's permission;
III. Removing from the company or establishment work implements or raw or processed materials;
IV. Reporting to work in a state of drunkenness;
V. Reporting to work under the influence of any narcotic or enervating drug, unless there is a medical prescription. Before beginning his or her service, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician;
VI. Carrying weapons of any kind during working hours, unless the nature of the work so requires. Exempt from this provision are pointed and sharp-edged weapons that form part of the tools or implements of the work itself;
VII. Suspending work without the employer's authorization;
VIII. Taking collections at the establishment or workplace;
IX. Using the implements and tools supplied by the employer for a purpose other than that for which they are intended;
X. Engaging in any kind of propaganda during working hours within the establishment; and
XI. Sexually harassing any person or performing immoral acts at the workplace.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 135
Queda prohibido a los trabajadores:
I. Ejecutar cualquier acto que pueda poner en peligro su propia seguridad, la de sus compañeros de trabajo o la de terceras personas, así como la de los establecimientos o lugares en que el trabajo se desempeñe;
II. Faltar al trabajo sin causa justificada o sin permiso del patrón;
III. Substraer de la empresa o establecimiento útiles de trabajo o materia prima o elaborada;
IV. Presentarse al trabajo en estado de embriaguez;
V. Presentarse al trabajo bajo la influencia de algún narcótico o droga enervante, salvo que exista prescripción médica. Antes de iniciar su servicio, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentarle la prescripción suscrita por el médico;
VI. Portar armas de cualquier clase durante las horas de trabajo, salvo que la naturaleza de éste lo exija. Se exceptúan de esta disposición las punzantes y punzo-cortantes que formen parte de las herramientas o útiles propios del trabajo;
VII. Suspender las labores sin autorización del patrón;
VIII. Hacer colectas en el establecimiento o lugar de trabajo;
IX. Usar los útiles y herramientas suministrados por el patrón, para objeto distinto de aquél a que están destinados;
X. Hacer cualquier clase de propaganda en las horas de trabajo, dentro del establecimiento; y
XI. Acosar sexualmente a cualquier persona o realizar actos inmorales en los lugares de trabajo.
CAPITULO III / Habitaciones para los trabajadores
Every agricultural, industrial, mining or other kind of business is obligated to provide workers with comfortable and hygienic housing. To comply with this obligation, companies shall contribute to the National Housing Fund five percent of the wages of the workers in their service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 136
Toda empresa agrícola, industrial, minera o de cualquier otra clase de trabajo, está obligada a proporcionar a los trabajadores habitaciones cómodas e higiénicas. Para dar cumplimiento a esta obligación, las empresas deberán aportar al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda el cinco por ciento sobre los salarios de los trabajadores a su servicio.
The purpose of the National Housing Fund shall be to create financing systems that allow workers to obtain cheap and sufficient credit to acquire ownership of comfortable and hygienic housing, for the construction, repair or improvement of their homes and for the payment of liabilities incurred for these items.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 137
El Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda tendrá por objeto crear sistemas de financiamiento que permitan a los trabajadores obtener crédito barato y suficiente para adquirir en propiedad habitaciones cómodas e higiénicas, para la construcción, reparación, o mejoras de sus casas habitación y para el pago de pasivos adquiridos por estos conceptos.
The resources of the National Housing Fund shall be administered by a body constituted on a tripartite basis by representatives of the Federal Government, the workers and the employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 138
Los recursos del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda serán administrados por un organismo integrado en forma tripartita por representantes del Gobierno Federal, de los trabajadores y de los patrones.
The law creating that body shall regulate the procedures and forms by which workers may acquire ownership of housing and obtain the credits referred to in Article 137, as well as access social leasing programs.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 139
La ley que cree dicho organismo regulará los procedimientos y formas conforme a los cuales las personas trabajadoras podrán adquirir vivienda en propiedad y obtener los créditos a que se refiere el artículo 137, así como acceder a los programas de arrendamiento social.
The body referred to in Articles 138 and 139 shall be responsible for the coordination, financing and execution of programs for the construction of housing intended to be acquired in ownership by workers, as well as for workers to obtain social leasing of housing for their dwelling, under social criteria, without profit or commercial speculation purposes and taking into account their wage level.
That body shall also participate in the administration of the real property and housing that it owns or that is under its administration, in order to maintain them in adequate habitable condition.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 140
El organismo a que se refieren los artículos 138 y 139, tendrá a su cargo la coordinación, el financiamiento y ejecución de los programas de construcción de viviendas destinadas a ser adquiridas en propiedad por las personas trabajadoras, así como para obtener el arrendamiento social de vivienda para su habitación por las personas trabajadoras, bajo criterios sociales, sin fines de lucro o especulación comercial y considerando su nivel salarial.
Dicho organismo también intervendrá en la administración de los inmuebles y viviendas que sean de su propiedad o se encuentren bajo su administración a efecto de mantenerlas en condiciones de habitabilidad adecuada.
Contributions to the National Housing Fund are social welfare expenses of companies and shall be applied in their entirety to constitute deposits in favor of the workers, which shall be subject to the following bases:
I. In cases of permanent total disability, of permanent partial disability when it is 50% or more, of definitive invalidity under the Social Security Law, of retirement, or of death of the worker, the total of the deposits made shall be delivered to the worker or his or her beneficiaries, with an additional amount equal to those deposits, under the Law referred to in Article 139;
If the worker has the status of a missing person and has a Special Declaration of Absence, the same procedure shall be followed, observing the provisions of the special legislation on the matter.
II. When the worker ceases to be subject to an employment relationship and has reached the age established in the Social Security Law and the Law of the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT), he or she shall be entitled to have delivered to him or her the total of the deposits made in his or her favor or to have them transferred to the Retirement Fund Administrator (AFORE) as determined by the Retirement Savings Systems Law.
III. If the worker has received credit from the Institute, the amounts to which he or she is entitled under the preceding sections shall be applied to the repayment of the credit, except in cases of permanent total disability or death, under Article 145; if, after applying those amounts to the repayment of the credit, there is a balance in favor of the worker, the corresponding amount shall be delivered to him or her.
If the worker has the status of a missing person and has a Special Declaration of Absence, under the special legislation on the matter, payment of the credit requested shall be suspended until he or she has been located, alive or dead.
For the return of the deposits and additional amounts, it shall suffice for the written application to be accompanied by the pertinent evidence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 141
Las aportaciones al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda son gastos de previsión social de las empresas y se aplicarán en su totalidad a constituir depósitos en favor de los trabajadores que se sujetarán a las bases siguientes:
I. En los casos de incapacidad total permanente, de incapacidad parcial permanente, cuando ésta sea del 50% o más; de invalidez definitiva, en los términos de la Ley del Seguro Social; de jubilación; o de muerte del trabajador, se entregará el total de los depósitos constituidos, a él o sus beneficiarios, con una cantidad adicional igual a dichos depósitos, en los términos de la Ley, a que se refiere el artículo 139;
En caso de que el trabajador tenga la calidad de persona desaparecida y cuente con Declaración Especial de Ausencia, se procederá de la misma forma observando lo establecido en la legislación especial en la materia.
II. Cuando la persona trabajadora deje de estar sujeto a una relación de trabajo y cuente con la edad establecida en la Ley del Seguro Social y la Ley del Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, tendrá derecho a que se le haga entrega del total de los depósitos que se hubieren hecho a su favor o sean transferidos a la Administradora de Fondos para el Retiro según lo determine la Ley de los Sistemas de Ahorro para el Retiro.
III. En caso de que el trabajador hubiere recibido crédito del Instituto, las cantidades a que tuviere derecho en los términos de las fracciones anteriores, se aplicarán a la amortización del crédito, salvo en los casos de incapacidad total permanente o de muerte, en los términos del artículo 145 si después de hacer la aplicación de dichas cantidades a la amortización del crédito quedare saldo a favor del trabajador se le entregará a éste el monto correspondiente.
En caso de que el trabajador tenga la calidad de persona desaparecida y cuente con Declaración Especial de Ausencia, en términos de la legislación especial en la materia, el pago del crédito solicitado deberá ser suspendido hasta en tanto no se haya localizado con o sin vida.
Para la devolución de los depósitos y cantidades adicionales bastará que la solicitud por escrito se acompañe con las pruebas pertinentes.
When a company consists of several establishments, the obligation referred to in Article 136 of this Law extends to each of them and to the company as a whole.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 142
Cuando una empresa se componga de varios establecimientos, la obligación a que se refiere el Artículo 136 de esta ley se extiende a cada uno de ellos y a la empresa en su conjunto.
For the purposes of this Chapter, the wage referred to in Article 136 is made up of payments made in cash as a daily rate, and bonuses, perquisites, meals, housing, premiums, commissions, benefits in kind and any other amount or benefit given to the worker for his or her services; given their nature, the following items shall not be taken into account:
a) Work instruments, such as tools, clothing and similar items;
b) Savings, when made up of a deposit of an equal weekly or monthly amount by the worker and the company; and the amounts granted by the employer for social or union purposes;
c) Contributions to the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute and employee profit sharing;
d) Meals and housing when not provided free of charge to the worker, as well as grocery allowances;
e) Attendance bonuses;
f) Overtime payments, except when this type of service is agreed in the form of fixed time;
g) The contributions to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) payable by the worker that are paid by the companies.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 143
Para los efectos de este Capítulo el salario a que se refiere el artículo 136 se integra con los pagos hechos en efectivo por cuota diaria, y las gratificaciones, percepciones, alimentación, habitación, primas, comisiones, prestaciones en especie y cualquier otra cantidad o prestación que se entregue al trabajador por sus servicios; no se tomarán en cuenta dada su naturaleza, los siguientes conceptos:
a) Los instrumentos de trabajo, tales como herramientas, ropa y otros similares;
b) El ahorro, cuando se integre por un depósito de cantidad semanaria o mensual igual del trabajador y de la empresa; y las cantidades otorgadas por el patrón para fines sociales o sindicales;
c) Las aportaciones al Instituto de Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores y las participaciones en las utilidades de las empresas;
d) La alimentación y la habitación cuando no se proporcionen gratuitamente al trabajador, así como las despensas;
e) Los premios por asistencia;
f) Los pagos por tiempo extraordinario, salvo cuando este tipo de servicios esté pactado en forma de tiempo fijo;
g) Las cuotas al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social a cargo del trabajador que cubran las empresas.
The maximum wage for the payment of contributions shall be the equivalent of ten times the general minimum wage of the corresponding geographic area of application.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 144
Se tendrá como salario máximo para el pago de las aportaciones el equivalente a diez veces el salario mínimo general del área geográfica de aplicación que corresponda.
The credits granted by the body that administers the National Housing Fund shall be covered by insurance, for cases of permanent total disability or death, that releases the worker or his or her beneficiaries from the obligations, liens or limitations on ownership in favor of that body deriving from those credits.
For such purposes, permanent total disability shall mean the loss of faculties or aptitudes of a person that makes him or her unable to perform any work for the rest of his or her life, whatever the nature of the risk that produced it.
In cases of permanent partial disability, when it is 50% or more, or definitive invalidity, the borrowing worker shall be released from the debt and the liens or limitations on ownership in favor of the Institute, provided that he or she is not subject to a new employment relationship for a minimum period of two years, during which he or she shall enjoy an interest-free extension for the payment of his or her credit. The existence of any of these cases shall be proven before the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute within the month following the date on which they are determined.
Where a disabled worker who, during the period indicated in the preceding paragraph, has entered into a new employment relationship loses it, he or she may restart the procedure for the cancellation of his or her credit before the Institute as many times as necessary, provided that the determination of his or her disability is not revoked under the Social Security Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 145
Los créditos que se otorguen por el organismo que administre el Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda, estarán cubiertos por un seguro, para los casos de incapacidad total permanente o de muerte, que libere al trabajador o a sus beneficiarios de las obligaciones, gravámenes o limitaciones de dominio a favor del citado organismo, derivadas de esos créditos.
Para tales efectos, se entenderá por incapacidad total permanente la pérdida de facultades o aptitudes de una persona, que la imposibiliten para desempeñar cualquier trabajo por el resto de su vida, cualquiera que sea la naturaleza del riesgo que la haya producido.
Tratándose de los casos de incapacidad parcial permanente, cuando ésta sea del 50% o más, o invalidez definitiva, se liberará al trabajador acreditado del adeudo, los gravámenes o limitaciones de dominio a favor del Instituto, siempre y cuando no sea sujeto de una nueva relación de trabajo por un período mínimo de dos años, lapso durante el cual gozará de una prórroga sin causa de intereses, para el pago de su crédito. La existencia de cualquiera de estos supuestos deberá comprobarse ante el Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, dentro del mes siguiente a la fecha en que se determinen.
En los casos en que la persona trabajadora incapacitada que, durante el periodo señalado en el párrafo anterior, haya adquirido una nueva relación de trabajo y pierda esta, podría reiniciar el trámite de su cancelación del crédito ante el Instituto cuantas veces le resulte necesario, siempre que no se revoque la determinación de su incapacidad en los términos de la Ley del Seguro Social.
Workers who have voluntarily enrolled in the mandatory regime of the Social Security Law may make contributions to the National Housing Fund that allow them to obtain cheap and sufficient credit, as determined by the body referred to in Article 138 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 146
Las personas trabajadoras que se hayan inscrito voluntariamente al régimen obligatorio de la Ley del Seguro Social, podrán realizar aportaciones al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda, que les permitan obtener un crédito barato y suficiente, conforme lo determine el organismo a que se refiere el artículo 138 de esta Ley.
The Federal Executive, after study and opinion of the body constituted to administer the resources of the National Housing Fund, shall determine the modalities and dates on which the following shall be incorporated into the regime established by this chapter:
I. Professional athletes and
II. Any other type or modality of workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 147
El Ejecutivo Federal, previo estudio y dictamen del organismo que se constituya para administrar los recursos del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda, determinará las modalidades y fechas en que incorporarán al régimen establecido por este capítulo:
I. Los deportistas profesionales y
II. Cualquier otro tipo o modalidad de personas trabajadoras.
The Federal Executive may establish modalities to facilitate the contribution of companies whose capital or income is below the minimums determined by the Executive itself. These resolutions may be reviewed in whole or in part when, in its judgment, there are circumstances that justify it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 148
El Ejecutivo Federal podrá establecer modalidades para facilitar la aportación de las empresas que tengan un capital o un ingreso inferior a los mínimos que el propio Ejecutivo determine. Estas resoluciones podrán revisarse total o parcialmente cuando a su juicio existan circunstancias que lo justifiquen.
The body created to administer the resources of the National Housing Fund shall determine the sums to be allocated to the financing of programs of homes intended to be acquired in ownership by workers and those to be applied to the acquisition, construction, repair or improvement of such homes, as well as to the payment of liabilities incurred for these items.
When applying the resources, they shall be distributed equitably among the different regions and localities of the country, as well as among the various companies or groups of workers.
For the individual granting of credits, where necessary, a lottery system shall be used, under the terms established by the law referred to in Article 139.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 149
El organismo que se cree para administrar los recursos del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda, determinará las sumas que se asignarán al financiamiento de programas de casas habitación destinadas a ser adquiridas en propiedad por los trabajadores y los que se aplicarán para la adquisición, construcción, reparación o mejoras de dichas casas, así como para el pago de pasivos adquiridos por estos conceptos.
Al efectuar la aplicación de recursos, se distribuirán equitativamente entre las distintas regiones y localidades del país, así como entre las diversas empresas o grupos de trabajadores.
Para el otorgamiento individual de los créditos se procederá en caso necesario conforme a un sistema de sorteos, en los términos que establezca la ley a que se refiere el artículo 139.
When companies provide their workers with housing on loan for use or lease, they are not exempt from contributing to the National Housing Fund under Article 136. Nor shall they be exempt from this contribution with respect to those workers who have benefited from credits from the fund.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 150
Cuando las empresas proporcionen a sus trabajadores casa en comodato o arrendamiento no están exentas de contribuir al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda, en los términos del artículo 136. Tampoco quedarán exentas de esta aportación respecto de aquellos trabajadores que hayan sido favorecidos por créditos del fondo.
When housing is leased to workers, the rent may not exceed one half of one percent per month of the cadastral value of the property, and the following rules shall be observed:
I. Companies are obligated to keep the housing in habitable condition and to make the necessary and appropriate repairs in a timely manner:
II. Workers have the following obligations:
a). To pay the rent.
b). To take care of the dwelling as if it were their own.
c). To inform the company of the defects or deterioration they observe.
d). To vacate the dwellings upon termination of the employment relationships within a term of forty-five days and
III. Workers are prohibited from:
a). Using the dwelling for purposes other than those indicated in this chapter.
b). Subleasing the dwellings.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 151
Cuando las habitaciones se den en arrendamiento a los trabajadores, la renta no podrá exceder del medio por ciento mensual del valor catastral de la finca y se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Las empresas están obligadas a mantenerlas en condiciones de habitabilidad y a hacer oportunamente las reparaciones necesarias y convenientes:
II. Los trabajadores tienen las obligaciones siguientes:
a). Pagar las rentas.
b). Cuidar de la habitación como si fuera propia.
c). Poner en conocimiento de la empresa los defectos o deterioros que observen.
d). Desocupar las habitaciones a la terminación de las relaciones de trabajo dentro de un término de cuarenta y cinco días y
III. Está prohibido a los trabajadores:
a). Usar la habitación para fines distintos de los señalados en este capítulo.
b). Subarrendar las habitaciones.
Workers shall be entitled to bring before the Court the individual and collective actions deriving from non-compliance with the obligations imposed in this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 152
Los trabajadores tendrán derecho a ejercitar ante el Tribunal las acciones individuales y colectivas que deriven del incumplimiento de las obligaciones impuestas en este capítulo.
Companies shall be entitled to bring before the Court the actions to which they are entitled against workers for non-compliance with the obligations imposed on them by this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153
Las empresas tendrán derecho a ejercitar ante el Tribunal, las acciones que les correspondan en contra de los trabajadores por incumplimiento de las obligaciones que les impone este capítulo.
Capítulo III BIS / De la Productividad, Formación y Capacitación de los Trabajadores
Employers are obligated to provide all workers, and workers are obligated to receive, training or instruction in their work that allows them to raise their standard of living, their labor competence and their productivity, in accordance with the plans and programs formulated by mutual agreement between the employer and the labor union or the majority of its workers.
To comply with the obligation incumbent upon them under the preceding paragraph, employers may agree with the workers that the training or instruction be provided to them within the company itself or outside it, through their own personnel, specially hired instructors, specialized institutions, schools or bodies, or by joining the general systems that are established.
Specialized institutions, schools or bodies, as well as independent instructors who wish to provide education, training or instruction, as well as their teaching staff, shall be authorized and registered by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS).
Training or instruction courses and programs, as well as programs to raise the productivity of the company, may be formulated with respect to each establishment, one company, several companies or a given industrial branch or activity.
The training or instruction referred to in this article and other related articles shall be provided to the worker during his or her working hours; unless, in view of the nature of the services, the employer and the worker agree that it may be provided otherwise; as well as in the case in which the worker wishes to be trained in an activity other than the occupation he or she performs, in which case the training shall take place outside working hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-A
Los patrones tienen la obligación de proporcionar a todos los trabajadores, y éstos a recibir, la capacitación o el adiestramiento en su trabajo que le permita elevar su nivel de vida, su competencia laboral y su productividad, conforme a los planes y programas formulados, de común acuerdo, por el patrón y el sindicato o la mayoría de sus trabajadores.
Para dar cumplimiento a la obligación que, conforme al párrafo anterior les corresponde, los patrones podrán convenir con los trabajadores en que la capacitación o adiestramiento se proporcione a éstos dentro de la misma empresa o fuera de ella, por conducto de personal propio, instructores especialmente contratados, instituciones, escuelas u organismos especializados, o bien mediante adhesión a los sistemas generales que se establezcan.
Las instituciones, escuelas u organismos especializados, así como los instructores independientes que deseen impartir formación, capacitación o adiestramiento, así como su personal docente, deberán estar autorizados y registrados por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
Los cursos y programas de capacitación o adiestramiento, así como los programas para elevar la productividad de la empresa, podrán formularse respecto de cada establecimiento, una empresa, varias de ellas o respecto a una rama industrial o actividad determinada.
La capacitación o adiestramiento a que se refiere este artículo y demás relativos, deberá impartirse al trabajador durante las horas de su jornada de trabajo; salvo que, atendiendo a la naturaleza de los servicios, patrón y trabajador convengan que podrá impartirse de otra manera; así como en el caso en que el trabajador desee capacitarse en una actividad distinta a la de la ocupación que desempeñe, en cuyo supuesto, la capacitación se realizará fuera de la jornada de trabajo.
The purpose of training shall be to prepare newly hired workers and others interested in filling vacancies or newly created positions.
The support that the employer provides to workers to begin, continue or complete school cycles at the basic, intermediate or higher levels may form part of the training programs.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-B
La capacitación tendrá por objeto preparar a los trabajadores de nueva contratación y a los demás interesados en ocupar las vacantes o puestos de nueva creación.
Podrá formar parte de los programas de capacitación el apoyo que el patrón preste a los trabajadores para iniciar, continuar o completar ciclos escolares de los niveles básicos, medio o superior.
The purpose of instruction shall be:
I. To update and improve the knowledge and skills of workers and to provide them with information so that they may apply in their activities the new technologies that business owners must implement to increase productivity in companies;
II. To inform workers of the risks and hazards to which they are exposed during the performance of their work, as well as of the provisions contained in the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on occupational safety, health and work environment applicable to them, in order to prevent occupational risks;
III. To increase productivity; and
IV. In general, to improve the educational level, labor competence and skills of workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-C
El adiestramiento tendrá por objeto:
I. Actualizar y perfeccionar los conocimientos y habilidades de los trabajadores y proporcionarles información para que puedan aplicar en sus actividades las nuevas tecnologías que los empresarios deben implementar para incrementar la productividad en las empresas;
II. Hacer del conocimiento de los trabajadores sobre los riesgos y peligros a que están expuestos durante el desempeño de sus labores, así como las disposiciones contenidas en el reglamento y las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo que les son aplicables, para prevenir riesgos de trabajo;
III. Incrementar la productividad; y
IV. En general mejorar el nivel educativo, la competencia laboral y las habilidades de los trabajadores.
Workers who receive training or instruction are obligated to:
I. Attend punctually the courses, group sessions and other activities that form part of the training or instruction process;
II. Follow the instructions of the persons providing the training or instruction, and comply with the respective programs; and
III. Take the required knowledge and aptitude or labor competence evaluation examinations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-D
Los trabajadores a quienes se imparta capacitación o adiestramiento están obligados a:
I. Asistir puntualmente a los cursos, sesiones de grupo y demás actividades que formen parte del proceso de capacitación o adiestramiento;
II. Atender las indicaciones de las personas que impartan la capacitación o adiestramiento, y cumplir con los programas respectivos; y
III. Presentar los exámenes de evaluación de conocimientos y de aptitud o de competencia laboral que sean requeridos.
In companies with more than 50 workers, Joint Training, Instruction and Productivity Commissions shall be constituted, made up of an equal number of representatives of the workers and of the employers, and they shall be responsible for:
I. Supervising, implementing, operating and improving the training and instruction systems and programs;
II. Proposing the necessary changes in machinery, equipment, work organization and labor relations, in accordance with the best technological and organizational practices that increase productivity based on their current degree of development;
III. Proposing the measures agreed upon by the National Committee and the State Productivity Committees referred to in Articles 153-K and 153-Q, for the purpose of promoting training, measuring and raising productivity, and guaranteeing the equitable distribution of its benefits;
IV. Overseeing compliance with productivity agreements; and
V. Resolving the objections that, as the case may be, workers raise in connection with the distribution of the benefits of productivity.
In the case of micro and small companies, which are those with up to 50 workers, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) and the Ministry of Economy (SE) shall be obligated to encourage their productivity by providing the programs referred to in Article 153-J, as well as the training related thereto. For this purpose, with the support of the academic institutions related to the subjects of those programs, they shall convene, according to their branch, sector, state or region, the micro and small business owners and the workers and labor unions working in those companies.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-E
En las empresas que tengan más de 50 trabajadores se constituirán Comisiones Mixtas de Capacitación, Adiestramiento y Productividad, integradas por igual número de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones, y serán las encargadas de:
I. Vigilar, instrumentar, operar y mejorar los sistemas y los programas de capacitación y adiestramiento;
II. Proponer los cambios necesarios en la maquinaria, los equipos, la organización del trabajo y las relaciones laborales, de conformidad con las mejores prácticas tecnológicas y organizativas que incrementen la productividad en función de su grado de desarrollo actual;
III. Proponer las medidas acordadas por el Comité Nacional y los Comités Estatales de Productividad a que se refieren los artículos 153-K y 153-Q, con el propósito de impulsar la capacitación, medir y elevar la productividad, así como garantizar el reparto equitativo de sus beneficios;
IV. Vigilar el cumplimiento de los acuerdos de productividad; y
V. Resolver las objeciones que, en su caso, presenten los trabajadores con motivo de la distribución de los beneficios de la productividad.
Para el caso de las micro y pequeñas empresas, que son aquellas que cuentan con hasta 50 trabajadores, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y la Secretaría de Economía estarán obligadas a incentivar su productividad mediante la dotación de los programas a que se refiere el artículo 153-J, así como la capacitación relacionada con los mismos. Para tal efecto, con el apoyo de las instituciones académicas relacionadas con los temas de los programas referidos, convocarán en razón de su rama, sector, entidad federativa o región a los micro y pequeños empresarios, a los trabajadores y sindicatos que laboran en dichas empresas.
The labor authorities shall ensure that the Joint Training, Instruction and Productivity Commissions are constituted and operate in a timely and normal manner, overseeing compliance with their obligations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-F
Las autoridades laborales cuidarán que las Comisiones Mixtas de Capacitación, Adiestramiento y Productividad se integren y funcionen oportuna y normalmente, vigilando el cumplimiento de sus obligaciones.
Employers shall keep at the disposal of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and the Ministry of Economy the training, instruction and productivity plans and programs that it has been agreed to establish or, as the case may be, the modifications agreed upon regarding plans and programs already implemented.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-F Bis
Los patrones deberán conservar a disposición de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y la Secretaría de Economía, los planes y programas de capacitación, adiestramiento y productividad que se haya acordado establecer, o en su caso, las modificaciones que se hayan convenido acerca de planes y programas ya implantados.
The registration referred to in the third paragraph of Article 153-A shall be granted to persons or institutions that meet the following requirements:
I. Prove that those who will train or instruct the workers are professionally prepared in the industrial branch or activity in which they will impart their knowledge;
II. Demonstrate satisfactorily, in the judgment of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, that they have sufficient knowledge of the technological procedures of the industrial branch or activity in which they intend to provide such training or instruction; and
III. Not be linked to persons or institutions that propagate any religious creed, under the prohibition established by section IV of Article 3 of the Constitution.
The registration granted under this article may be revoked when the provisions of this Law are contravened.
In the revocation procedure, the affected party may offer evidence and make whatever arguments it deems appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-G
El registro de que trata el tercer párrafo del artículo 153-A se otorgará a las personas o instituciones que satisfagan los siguientes requisitos:
I. Comprobar que quienes capacitarán o adiestrarán a los trabajadores, están preparados profesionalmente en la rama industrial o actividad en que impartirán sus conocimientos;
II. Acreditar satisfactoriamente, a juicio de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, tener conocimientos bastantes sobre los procedimientos tecnológicos propios de la rama industrial o actividad en la que pretendan impartir dicha capacitación o adiestramiento; y
III. No estar ligadas con personas o instituciones que propaguen algún credo religioso, en los términos de la prohibición establecida por la fracción IV del Artículo 3o. Constitucional.
El registro concedido en los términos de este artículo podrá ser revocado cuando se contravengan las disposiciones de esta Ley.
En el procedimiento de revocación, el afectado podrá ofrecer pruebas y alegar lo que a su derecho convenga.
The training and instruction plans and programs shall be prepared within the sixty business days following the commencement of operations at the workplace and shall meet the following requirements:
I. Refer to periods not exceeding two years, except for the training referred to in the second paragraph of Article 153-B;
II. Cover all positions and levels existing in the company;
III. Specify the stages during which training and instruction shall be provided to all the workers of the company;
IV. Indicate the selection procedure through which the order in which the workers of the same position and category will be trained shall be established; and
V. They shall be based on technical standards of labor competence, if any, for the job positions in question.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-H
Los planes y programas de capacitación y adiestramiento se elaborarán dentro de los sesenta días hábiles siguientes a que inicien las operaciones en el centro de trabajo y deberán cumplir los requisitos siguientes:
I. Referirse a periodos no mayores de dos años, salvo la capacitación a que se refiere el segundo párrafo del artículo 153-B;
II. Comprender todos los puestos y niveles existentes en la empresa;
III. Precisar las etapas durante las cuales se impartirá la capacitación y el adiestramiento al total de los trabajadores de la empresa;
IV. Señalar el procedimiento de selección, a través del cual se establecerá el orden en que serán capacitados los trabajadores de un mismo puesto y categoría; y
V. Deberán basarse en normas técnicas de competencia laboral, si las hubiere para los puestos de trabajo de que se trate.
For the purposes of this Law, productivity means the result of optimizing the human, material, financial, technological and organizational factors that come together in the company, branch or sector for the production of goods or the provision of services, in order to promote at the sectoral, state, regional, national and international levels, and in accordance with the market to which it has access, its competitiveness and sustainability, to improve its capacity, technology and organization, and to increase income and the well-being of workers and distribute its benefits equitably.
Employers, workers, labor unions, governments and academia shall participate in establishing the agreements and systems for measuring and increasing productivity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-I
Se entiende por productividad, para efectos de esta Ley, el resultado de optimizar los factores humanos, materiales, financieros, tecnológicos y organizacionales que concurren en la empresa, en la rama o en el sector para la elaboración de bienes o la prestación de servicios, con el fin de promover a nivel sectorial, estatal, regional, nacional e internacional, y acorde con el mercado al que tiene acceso, su competitividad y sustentabilidad, mejorar su capacidad, su tecnología y su organización, e incrementar los ingresos, el bienestar de los trabajadores y distribuir equitativamente sus beneficios.
Al establecimiento de los acuerdos y sistemas para medir e incrementar la productividad, concurrirán los patrones, trabajadores, sindicatos, gobiernos y academia.
To raise productivity in companies, including micro and small companies, programs shall be prepared whose purpose shall be:
I. To make an objective diagnosis of the situation of companies with regard to productivity;
II. To provide companies with studies on the best technological and organizational practices that increase their current level of productivity based on their degree of development;
III. To adapt the material, organizational, technological and financial conditions that make it possible to increase productivity;
IV. To propose government financing, advisory, support and certification programs to increase productivity;
V. To improve the coordination systems among workers, companies, governments and academia;
VI. To establish commitments to raise productivity on the part of business owners, workers, labor unions, governments and academia;
VII. To periodically evaluate the development of and compliance with the programs;
VIII. To improve working conditions, as well as Safety and Hygiene measures;
IX. To implement systems that make it possible to determine in appropriate form and amount the incentives, bonuses or commissions deriving from the contribution of workers to raising productivity, as agreed with the labor unions and the workers; and
X. Others that are agreed upon and considered pertinent.
The programs established in this article may be formulated with respect to several companies, by activity or service, one or more industrial or service branches, by state, region or at the national level.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-J
Para elevar la productividad en las empresas, incluidas las micro y pequeñas empresas, se elaborarán programas que tendrán por objeto:
I. Hacer un diagnóstico objetivo de la situación de las empresas en materia de productividad;
II. Proporcionar a las empresas estudios sobre las mejores prácticas tecnológicas y organizativas que incrementen su nivel actual de productividad en función de su grado de desarrollo;
III. Adecuar las condiciones materiales, organizativas, tecnológicas y financieras que permitan aumentar la productividad;
IV. Proponer programas gubernamentales de financiamiento, asesoría, apoyo y certificación para el aumento de la productividad;
V. Mejorar los sistemas de coordinación entre trabajadores, empresa, gobiernos y academia;
VI. Establecer compromisos para elevar la productividad por parte de los empresarios, trabajadores, sindicatos, gobiernos y academia;
VII. Evaluar periódicamente el desarrollo y cumplimiento de los programas;
VIII. Mejorar las condiciones de trabajo, así como las medidas de Seguridad e Higiene;
IX. Implementar sistemas que permitan determinar en forma y monto apropiados los incentivos, bonos o comisiones derivados de la contribución de los trabajadores a la elevación de la productividad que se acuerde con los sindicatos y los trabajadores; y
X. Las demás que se acuerden y se consideren pertinentes.
Los programas establecidos en este artículo podrán formularse respecto de varias empresas, por actividad o servicio, una o varias ramas industriales o de servicios, por entidades federativas, región o a nivel nacional.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, jointly with the Ministry of Economy, shall convene employers, labor unions, workers and academic institutions to constitute the National Committee for Concertation and Productivity, which shall have the character of an advisory and auxiliary body of the Federal Executive and of the productive sector.
The National Committee for Concertation and Productivity shall meet at least every two months and shall have the powers listed below:
I. To carry out the national and international diagnosis of the requirements necessary to raise productivity and competitiveness in each sector and branch of production, to promote training and instruction, as well as investment in equipment and the form of organization required to increase productivity, proposing plans by branch, and to link wages to the qualifications and competencies acquired, as well as to the evolution of the productivity of the company based on the best technological and organizational practices that increase productivity, taking into account its current degree of development;
II. To collaborate in the preparation and permanent updating of the National Catalog of Occupations and in the studies on the characteristics of the technology, machinery and equipment in existence and use, as well as of the labor competencies required in the activities corresponding to the industrial or service branches;
III. To suggest technological and work organization alternatives to raise productivity based on best practices and in correspondence with the level of development of the companies;
IV. To formulate recommendations for training and instruction plans and programs that make it possible to raise productivity;
V. To study mechanisms and new forms of remuneration that link wages and, in general, the income of workers to the benefits of productivity;
VI. To evaluate the effects of training and instruction actions on productivity within the industrial branches or specific activities in question;
VII. To propose to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare the issuance of technical standards of labor competence and, as the case may be, the procedures for their evaluation, accreditation and certification, with respect to those productive activities for which there is no specific standard;
VIII. To process before the labor authority the registration of certificates relating to the knowledge or skills of workers who have met the legal requirements for that purpose;
IX. To prepare and implement the programs referred to in the preceding article;
X. To participate in the preparation of the National Development Plan;
XI. To issue opinions on and suggest the allocation and application of budgetary resources aimed at increasing productivity; and
XII. To issue opinions on performance in conciliation procedures and to propose methodologies that promote their effectiveness and reduce labor conflict, in order to contribute to strengthening alternative mechanisms;
XIII. To carry out diagnoses on the performance of union registration and legitimation procedures, and to suggest courses of action that provide greater certainty, transparency and reliability in the actions of the registration authority regarding the accreditation of union representativeness;
XIV. To carry out diagnoses regarding the procedures for the legitimation and filing of collective bargaining agreements and their impact on the productivity of companies; likewise, to issue proposals to promote collective bargaining;
XV. To promote social and productive dialogue, and
XVI. Others established in this and other regulatory provisions.
The recommendations issued by the Committee shall be taken into account in the design of public policies, in the corresponding sphere, and shall be made public.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-K
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en conjunto con la Secretaría de Economía, convocarán a los patrones, sindicatos, trabajadores e instituciones académicas para que constituyan el Comité Nacional de Concertación y Productividad, que tendrán el carácter de órgano consultivo y auxiliar del Ejecutivo Federal y de la planta productiva.
El Comité Nacional de Concertación y Productividad se reunirá por lo menos cada dos meses y tendrá las facultades que enseguida se enumeran:
I. Realizar el diagnóstico nacional e internacional de los requerimientos necesarios para elevar la productividad y la competitividad en cada sector y rama de la producción, impulsar la capacitación y el adiestramiento, así como la inversión en el equipo y la forma de organización que se requiera para aumentar la productividad, proponiendo planes por rama, y vincular los salarios a la calificación y competencias adquiridas, así como a la evolución de la productividad de la empresa en función de las mejores prácticas tecnológicas y organizativas que incrementen la productividad tomando en cuenta su grado de desarrollo actual;
II. Colaborar en la elaboración y actualización permanente del Catálogo Nacional de Ocupaciones y en los estudios sobre las características de la tecnología, maquinaria y equipo en existencia y uso, así como de las competencias laborales requeridas en las actividades correspondientes a las ramas industriales o de servicios;
III. Sugerir alternativas tecnológicas y de organización del trabajo para elevar la productividad en función de las mejores prácticas y en correspondencia con el nivel de desarrollo de las empresas;
IV. Formular recomendaciones de planes y programas de capacitación y adiestramiento que permitan elevar la productividad;
V. Estudiar mecanismos y nuevas formas de remuneración que vinculen los salarios y, en general el ingreso de los trabajadores, a los beneficios de la productividad;
VI. Evaluar los efectos de las acciones de capacitación y adiestramiento en la productividad dentro de las ramas industriales o actividades específicas de que se trate;
VII. Proponer a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social la expedición de normas técnicas de competencia laboral y, en su caso, los procedimientos para su evaluación, acreditación y certificación, respecto de aquellas actividades productivas en las que no exista una norma determinada;
VIII. Gestionar ante la autoridad laboral el registro de las constancias relativas a conocimientos o habilidades de los trabajadores que hayan satisfecho los requisitos legales exigidos para tal efecto;
IX. Elaborar e implementar los programas a que hace referencia el artículo anterior;
X. Participar en la elaboración del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo;
XI. Emitir opinión y sugerir el destino y aplicación de recursos presupuestales orientados al incremento de la productividad; y
XII. Emitir opinión respecto del desempeño en los procedimientos de conciliación y proponer metodologías que impulsen su eficacia y reduzcan la conflictividad laboral, con el fin de contribuir al fortalecimiento de los mecanismos alternativos;
XIII. Realizar diagnósticos sobre el desempeño de los trámites de registro y legitimación sindical, y sugerir cursos de acción que brinden mayor certeza, transparencia y confiabilidad de las actuaciones de la autoridad registral en materia de acreditación de representatividad sindical;
XIV. Realizar diagnósticos respecto de los procedimientos de legitimación y depósito de contratos colectivos de trabajo y su impacto en la productividad de las empresas; asimismo, emitir propuestas para promover la negociación colectiva;
XV. Promover el diálogo social y productivo, y
XVI. Las demás que se establezcan en esta y otras disposiciones normativas.
Las recomendaciones que emita el Comité serán tomadas en cuenta en el diseño de las políticas públicas, en el ámbito que corresponda, y serán dadas a conocer públicamente.
The Head of the Federal Executive shall set the bases for determining the manner of appointment of the members of the National Commission for Concertation and Productivity, as well as those relating to its organization and operation, subject to the principles of representativeness and inclusion in its composition.
In the decision-making of the National Commission for Concertation and Productivity, consensus shall be given priority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-L
El Titular del Ejecutivo Federal fijará las bases para determinar la forma de designación de los miembros de la Comisión Nacional de Concertación y Productividad, así como las relativas a su organización y funcionamiento. Sujetándose a los principios de representatividad e inclusión en su integración.
En la toma de decisiones de la Comisión Nacional de Concertación y Productividad se privilegiará el consenso.
Collective bargaining agreements shall include clauses relating to the employer's obligation to provide training and instruction to workers, in accordance with plans and programs that meet the requirements established in this Chapter.
In addition, the agreements themselves may set forth the procedure by which the employer shall train and instruct those who seek to start working in the company, taking into account, as the case may be, the admission clause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-M
En los contratos colectivos deberán incluirse cláusulas relativas a la obligación patronal de proporcionar capacitación y adiestramiento a los trabajadores, conforme a planes y programas que satisfagan los requisitos establecidos en este Capítulo.
Además, podrá consignarse en los propios contratos el procedimiento conforme al cual el patrón capacitará y adiestrará a quienes pretendan ingresar a laborar en la empresa, tomando en cuenta, en su caso, la cláusula de admisión.
For its operation, the National Commission for Concertation and Productivity shall establish sectoral subcommissions, by branch of activity, state, regional and those appropriate to perform its powers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-N
Para su funcionamiento la Comisión Nacional de Concertación y Productividad establecerá subcomisiones sectoriales, por rama de actividad, estatales, regionales y las conducentes para cumplir con sus facultades.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-O
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-P
(Se deroga).
State Commissions for Concertation and Productivity shall be established at the level of the states (federal entities).
The provisions of Articles 153-I, 153-J, 153-K, 153-L, 153-N and other related articles shall apply to the State Commissions for Concertation and Productivity, within the sphere of the states.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-Q
A nivel de las entidades federativas se establecerán Comisiones Estatales de Concertación y Productividad.
Será aplicable a las Comisiones Estatales de Concertación y Productividad, en el ámbito de las entidades federativas, lo establecido en los artículos 153-I, 153-J, 153-K, 153-L, 153-N y demás relativos.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-R
(Se deroga).
When the employer fails to comply with the obligation to keep the training and instruction plans and programs at the disposal of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, under Article 153-N, or when those plans and programs are not put into practice, it shall be sanctioned in accordance with the provisions of this Law, without prejudice to the Ministry itself adopting, in either case, the pertinent measures for the employer to comply with the obligation in question.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-S
Cuando el patrón no dé cumplimiento a la obligación de conservar a disposición de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social los planes y programas de capacitación y adiestramiento, en los términos del artículo 153-N, o cuando dichos planes y programas no se lleven a la práctica, será sancionado conforme a lo dispuesto en esta Ley, sin perjuicio de que, en cualquiera de los dos casos, la propia Secretaría adopte las medidas pertinentes para que el patrón cumpla con la obligación de que se trata.
Workers who have passed the training and instruction examinations under this Chapter shall be entitled to have the instructing entity issue them the respective certificates, which, once authenticated by the Joint Training and Instruction Commission of the Company, shall be reported to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare through the corresponding National Committee or, in its absence, through the labor authorities, so that the Ministry itself may register them and take them into account when preparing the corresponding registry of trained workers, under section IV of Article 539.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-T
Los trabajadores que hayan sido aprobados en los exámenes de capacitación y adiestramiento en los términos de este Capítulo, tendrán derecho a que la entidad instructora les expida las constancias respectivas, mismas que, autentificadas por la Comisión Mixta de Capacitación y Adiestramiento de la Empresa, se harán del conocimiento de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, por conducto del correspondiente Comité Nacional o, a falta de éste, a través de las autoridades del trabajo a fin de que la propia Secretaría las registre y las tome en cuenta al formular el padrón de trabajadores capacitados que corresponda, en los términos de la fracción IV del artículo 539.
When, once a training program has been implemented, a worker refuses to receive it because he or she considers that he or she has the knowledge necessary to perform his or her position and the immediately higher one, the worker shall prove that capacity documentarily through the corresponding certificate of labor competence or take and pass, before the instructing entity, the respective proficiency examination.
In the latter case, the worker shall be issued the certificate of labor competencies or skills.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-U
Cuando implantado un programa de capacitación, un trabajador se niegue a recibir ésta, por considerar que tiene los conocimientos necesarios para el desempeño de su puesto y del inmediato superior, deberá acreditar documentalmente dicha capacidad mediante el correspondiente certificado de competencia laboral o presentar y aprobar, ante la entidad instructora, el examen de suficiencia respectivo.
En este último caso, se extenderá a dicho trabajador la constancia de competencias o de habilidades laborales.
The certificate of labor competencies or skills is the document with which the worker shall prove that he or she has taken and passed a training course.
Companies are obligated to send to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, for its registration and control, lists of the certificates issued to their workers.
The certificates in question shall have full effect, for purposes of promotion, within the company in which the training or instruction was provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-V
La constancia de competencias o de habilidades laborales es el documento con el cual el trabajador acreditará haber llevado y aprobado un curso de capacitación.
Las empresas están obligadas a enviar a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social para su registro y control, listas de las constancias que se hayan expedido a sus trabajadores.
Las constancias de que se trata surtirán plenos efectos, para fines de ascenso, dentro de la empresa en que se haya proporcionado la capacitación o adiestramiento.
The certificates, diplomas, degrees or titles issued by the State, its decentralized bodies or private parties with official recognition of the validity of studies to those who have completed a type of terminal education shall be entered in the registries referred to in Article 539, section IV, when the corresponding position and category appear in the National Catalog of Occupations or are similar to those included therein.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-W
Los certificados, diplomas, títulos o grados que expidan el Estado, sus organismos descentralizados o los particulares con reconocimiento de validez oficial de estudios, a quienes hayan concluido un tipo de educación con carácter terminal, serán inscritos en los registros de que trata el artículo 539, fracción IV, cuando el puesto y categoría correspondientes figuren en el Catálogo Nacional de Ocupaciones o sean similares a los incluidos en él.
Workers and employers shall be entitled to bring before the Courts the individual and collective actions deriving from the training or instruction obligation imposed in this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 153-X
Los trabajadores y patrones tendrán derecho a ejercitar ante los Tribunales las acciones individuales y colectivas que deriven de la obligación de capacitación o adiestramiento impuesta en este capítulo.
CAPITULO IV / Derechos de preferencia, antigüedad y ascenso
Employers shall be obligated to give preference, all circumstances being equal, to Mexican workers over those who are not, to those who have served them satisfactorily for a longer time, to those who, having no other source of economic income, support a family, to those who have completed their compulsory basic education, to trained workers over those who are not, to those who have greater aptitude and knowledge to perform a job and to unionized workers over those who are not.
If there is a collective bargaining agreement and it contains an admission clause, preference in filling vacancies or newly created positions shall be governed by the provisions of the collective bargaining agreement and the union bylaws.
Unionized means any worker who is a member of any legally constituted union organization.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 154
Los patrones estarán obligados a preferir, en igualdad de circunstancias, a los trabajadores mexicanos respecto de quienes no lo sean, a quienes les hayan servido satisfactoriamente por mayor tiempo, a quienes no teniendo ninguna otra fuente de ingreso económico tengan a su cargo una familia, a los que hayan terminado su educación básica obligatoria, a los capacitados respecto de los que no lo sean, a los que tengan mayor aptitud y conocimientos para realizar un trabajo y a los sindicalizados respecto de quienes no lo estén.
Si existe contrato colectivo y éste contiene cláusula de admisión, la preferencia para ocupar las vacantes o puestos de nueva creación se regirá por lo que disponga el contrato colectivo y el estatuto sindical.
Se entiende por sindicalizado a todo trabajador que se encuentre agremiado a cualquier organización sindical legalmente constituida.
Workers who fall under the cases of the preceding article and who aspire to a vacant or newly created position shall submit an application to the company or establishment indicating their domicile and nationality, whether they support a family and who depends economically on them, whether they provided services previously and for how long, the nature of the work they performed and the name of the labor union to which they belong, so that they may be called when a vacancy occurs or a new position is created; or they shall report to the company or establishment when the vacancy occurs or the position is created, proving the grounds on which they base their application.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 155
Los trabajadores que se encuentren en los casos del artículo anterior y que aspiren a un puesto vacante o de nueva creación, deberán presentar una solicitud a la empresa o establecimiento indicando su domicilio y nacionalidad, si tienen a su cargo una familia y quienes dependen económicamente de ellos si prestaron servicio con anterioridad y por qué tiempo, la naturaleza del trabajo que desempeñaron y la denominación del sindicato a que pertenezcan, a fin de que sean llamados al ocurrir alguna vacante o crearse algún puesto nuevo; o presentarse a la empresa o establecimiento al momento de ocurrir la vacante o de crearse el puesto, comprobando la causa en que funden su solicitud.
If there is no collective bargaining agreement, or if the agreement entered into does not contain the admission clause, the provisions contained in the first paragraph of Article 154 shall apply to workers who habitually, without having the status of permanent workers, provide services in a company or establishment, filling transitory or temporary vacancies, and to those who perform extraordinary work or work for a specific project that does not constitute a normal or permanent activity of the company.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 156
De no existir contrato colectivo o no contener el celebrado la cláusula de admisión, serán aplicables las disposiciones contenidas en el primer párrafo del artículo 154, a los trabajadores que habitualmente, sin tener el carácter de trabajadores de planta, prestan servicios en una empresa o establecimiento, supliendo las vacantes transitorias o temporales y a los que desempeñen trabajos extraordinarios o para obra determinada, que no constituyan una actividad normal o permanente de la empresa.
Non-compliance with the obligations contained in Articles 154 and 156 entitles the worker to request before the Court, at his or her option, that he or she be granted the corresponding position or be indemnified with the amount of three months' wages. The worker shall also be entitled to be paid the wages and interest, as the case may be, referred to in the second paragraph of Article 48.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 157
El incumplimiento de las obligaciones contenidas en los artículos 154 y 156 da derecho al trabajador para solicitar ante el Tribunal, a su elección, que se le otorgue el puesto correspondiente o se le indemnice con el importe de tres meses de salario. Tendrá además derecho a que se le paguen los salarios e intereses, en su caso, a que se refiere el párrafo segundo del artículo 48.
Permanent workers and those mentioned in Article 156 are entitled in each company or establishment to have their seniority determined.
A commission made up of representatives of the workers and of the employer shall prepare the general seniority table, distributed by categories of each profession or trade, and shall order that it be made public. Dissatisfied workers may file objections before the commission and appeal the resolution before the Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 158
Los trabajadores de planta y los mencionados en el artículo 156 tienen derecho en cada empresa o establecimiento a que se determine su antigüedad.
Una comisión integrada con representantes de los trabajadores y del patrón formulará el cuadro general de las antigüedades, distribuido por categorías de cada profesión u oficio y ordenará se le dé publicidad. Los trabajadores inconformes podrán formular objeciones ante la comisión y recurrir la resolución ante el Tribunal.
Definitive vacancies, provisional vacancies lasting more than thirty days and newly created positions shall be filled by the worker who holds the immediately lower category or rank, as well as greater training, with greater seniority, who demonstrates greater aptitude, proves greater productivity and is fit for the position.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 159
Las vacantes definitivas, las provisionales con duración mayor de treinta días y los puestos de nueva creación, serán cubiertos por el trabajador que tenga la categoría o rango inmediato inferior, así como mayor capacitación, con mayor antigüedad, demuestre mayor aptitud, acredite mayor productividad y sea apto para el puesto.
In the case of vacancies of less than thirty days, the provisions of the first paragraph of the preceding article shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 160
Cuando se trate de vacantes menores de treinta días, se estará a lo dispuesto en el párrafo primero del artículo anterior.
When the employment relationship has lasted more than twenty years, the employer may only rescind it for one of the causes indicated in Article 47 that is particularly serious or that makes its continuation impossible, but the worker shall be subject to the corresponding disciplinary correction, respecting the rights deriving from his or her seniority.
The repetition of the misconduct or the commission of another or others that constitute a legal cause for rescission renders the preceding provision without effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 161
Cuando la relación de trabajo haya tenido una duración de más de veinte años, el patrón sólo podrá rescindirla por alguna de las causas señaladas en el artículo 47, que sea particularmente grave o que haga imposible su continuación, pero se le impondrá al trabajador la corrección disciplinaria que corresponda, respetando los derechos que deriven de su antigüedad.
La repetición de la falta o la comisión de otra u otras, que constituyan una causa legal de rescisión, deja sin efecto la disposición anterior.
Permanent workers are entitled to a seniority premium, in accordance with the following rules:
I. The seniority premium shall consist of the amount of twelve days' wages for each year of service;
II. To determine the amount of the wage, the provisions of Articles 485 and 486 shall apply;
III. The seniority premium shall be paid to workers who voluntarily leave their employment, provided that they have completed at least fifteen years of service. It shall also be paid to those who leave for justified cause and to those who are separated from their employment, regardless of whether the dismissal was justified or unjustified;
IV. For the payment of the premium in cases of voluntary retirement of workers, the following rules shall be observed:
a) If the number of workers who retire within the term of one year does not exceed ten percent of the total workers of the company or establishment, or of those of a given category, payment shall be made at the time of retirement.
b) If the number of workers who retire exceeds ten percent, payment shall be made to those who retire first, and payment to the workers in excess of that percentage may be deferred to the following year.
c) If retirement is carried out at the same time by a number of workers greater than the percentage mentioned, the premium shall be paid to those with greater seniority, and payment of the premium corresponding to the remaining workers may be deferred to the following year;
V. In the event of the death of the worker, whatever his or her seniority, the corresponding premium shall be paid to the persons mentioned in Article 501; and
VI. The seniority premium referred to in this article shall be paid to the workers or their beneficiaries, regardless of any other benefit to which they are entitled.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 162
Los trabajadores de planta tienen derecho a una prima de antigüedad, de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. La prima de antigüedad consistirá en el importe de doce días de salario, por cada año de servicios;
II. Para determinar el monto del salario, se estará a lo dispuesto en los artículos 485 y 486;
III. La prima de antigüedad se pagará a los trabajadores que se separen voluntariamente de su empleo, siempre que hayan cumplido quince años de servicios, por lo menos. Asimismo se pagará a los que se separen por causa justificada y a los que sean separados de su empleo, independientemente de la justificación o injustificación del despido;
IV. Para el pago de la prima en los casos de retiro voluntario de los trabajadores, se observarán las normas siguientes:
a) Si el número de trabajadores que se retire dentro del término de un año no excede del diez por ciento del total de los trabajadores de la empresa o establecimiento, o de los de una categoría determinada, el pago se hará en el momento del retiro.
b) Si el número de trabajadores que se retire excede del diez por ciento, se pagará a los que primeramente se retiren y podrá diferirse para el año siguiente el pago a los trabajadores que excedan de dicho porcentaje.
c) Si el retiro se efectúa al mismo tiempo por un número de trabajadores mayor del porcentaje mencionado, se cubrirá la prima a los que tengan mayor antigüedad y podrá diferirse para el año siguiente el pago de la que corresponda a los restantes trabajadores;
V. En caso de muerte del trabajador, cualquiera que sea su antigüedad, la prima que corresponda se pagará a las personas mencionadas en el artículo 501; y
VI. La prima de antigüedad a que se refiere este artículo se cubrirá a los trabajadores o a sus beneficiarios, independientemente de cualquier otra prestación que les corresponda.
CAPITULO V / Invenciones de los trabajadores
The attribution of the rights to the name and to the ownership and exploitation of inventions made in the company shall be governed by the following rules:
I. The inventor shall be entitled to have his or her name appear as the author of the invention;
II. When the worker is engaged in research work or work to improve the procedures used in the company, on behalf of the company, the ownership of the invention and the right to exploit the patent shall belong to the employer. The inventor, regardless of the wage he or she has received, shall be entitled to supplementary compensation, which shall be set by agreement of the parties or by the Court when the importance of the invention and the benefits it may bring to the employer are not in proportion to the wage received by the inventor, and
III. In any other case, the ownership of the invention shall belong to the person or persons who made it, but the employer shall have a preferential right, all circumstances being equal, to the exclusive use or the acquisition of the invention and the corresponding patents.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 163
La atribución de los derechos al nombre y a la propiedad y explotación de las invenciones realizadas en la empresa, se regirá por las normas siguientes:
I. El inventor tendrá derecho a que su nombre figure como autor de la invención;
II. Cuando el trabajador se dedique a trabajos de investigación o de perfeccionamiento de los procedimientos utilizados en la empresa, por cuenta de ésta la propiedad de la invención y el derecho a la explotación de la patente corresponderán al patrón. El inventor, independientemente del salario que hubiese percibido, tendrá derecho a una compensación complementaria, que se fijará por convenio de las partes o por el Tribunal cuando la importancia de la invención y los beneficios que puedan reportar al patrón no guarden proporción con el salario percibido por el inventor, y
III. En cualquier otro caso, la propiedad de la invención corresponderá a la persona o personas que la realizaron, pero el patrón tendrá un derecho preferente, en igualdad de circunstancias, al uso exclusivo o a la adquisición de la invención y de las correspondientes patentes.
TITULO QUINTO / Trabajo de las Mujeres
Women enjoy the same rights and have the same obligations as men, a guarantee established in general and specifically with respect to the protection of female and male workers with family responsibilities, ensuring equality of treatment and opportunities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 164
Las mujeres disfrutan de los mismos derechos y tienen las mismas obligaciones que los hombres, garantía que se establece en lo general y específicamente en función de la protección de las trabajadoras y trabajadores con responsabilidades familiares, asegurando la igualdad de trato y oportunidades.
The fundamental purpose of the modalities set forth in this chapter is the protection of maternity.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 165
Las modalidades que se consignan en este capítulo tienen como propósito fundamental, la protección de la maternidad.
When the health of the woman or that of the unborn child is endangered, either during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and without any detriment to her wages, benefits and rights, her work may not be used in unhealthy or dangerous work, industrial night work, in commercial or service establishments after ten at night, or in overtime.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 166
Cuando se ponga en peligro la salud de la mujer, o la del producto, ya sea durante el estado de gestación o el de lactancia y sin que sufra perjuicio en su salario, prestaciones y derechos, no se podrá utilizar su trabajo en labores insalubres o peligrosas, trabajo nocturno industrial, en establecimientos comerciales o de servicio después de las diez de la noche, así como en horas extraordinarias.
For the purposes of this title, dangerous or unhealthy work is work that, due to the nature of the work, the physical, chemical and biological conditions of the environment in which it is performed, or the composition of the raw material used, is capable of affecting the life and the physical and mental health of a pregnant woman or of the unborn child.
The regulations issued shall determine the work covered by the preceding definition.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 167
Para los efectos de este título, son labores peligrosas o insalubres las que, por la naturaleza del trabajo, por las condiciones físicas, químicas y biológicas del medio en que se presta, o por la composición de la materia prima que se utilice, son capaces de actuar sobre la vida y la salud física y mental de la mujer en estado de gestación, o del producto.
Los reglamentos que se expidan determinarán los trabajos que quedan comprendidos en la definición anterior.
If the competent authorities issue a declaration of health emergency, in accordance with the applicable provisions, the work of women during periods of pregnancy or breastfeeding may not be used. Female workers in this situation shall suffer no detriment to their wages, benefits and rights.
When, by reason of the declaration of health emergency, the general suspension of work is ordered, the provisions of Article 429, section IV of this Law shall apply to women during periods of pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 168
En caso de que las autoridades competentes emitan una declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria, conforme a las disposiciones aplicables, no podrá utilizarse el trabajo de mujeres en periodos de gestación o de lactancia. Las trabajadoras que se encuentren en este supuesto, no sufrirán perjuicio en su salario, prestaciones y derechos.
Cuando con motivo de la declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria se ordene la suspensión general de labores, a las mujeres en periodos de gestación o de lactancia les será aplicable lo dispuesto por el artículo 429, fracción IV de esta Ley.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 169
(Se deroga).
Working mothers shall have the following rights:
I. During pregnancy, they shall not perform work that requires considerable effort and represents a danger to their health in relation to the pregnancy, such as lifting, pulling or pushing heavy weights, work that produces vibration, standing for long periods, or work that affects or may alter their mental and nervous state;
II. They shall enjoy a rest of six weeks before and six weeks after childbirth. At the express request of the female worker, with the prior written authorization of the physician of the corresponding social security institution or, as the case may be, of the health service provided by the employer, taking into account the opinion of the employer and the nature of the work she performs, up to four of the six weeks of rest prior to childbirth may be transferred to after childbirth. If the children are born with any type of disability or require hospital medical care, the rest may be up to eight weeks after childbirth, upon presentation of the corresponding medical certificate.
If authorization from private physicians is presented, it shall contain the name and professional license number of the person issuing it, the date and the medical condition of the female worker.
II Bis. In the case of the adoption of an infant, they shall enjoy a rest of six weeks with pay following the day on which they receive the infant;
III. The rest periods referred to in the preceding section shall be extended for the necessary time if they are unable to work due to pregnancy or childbirth;
IV. During the breastfeeding period, for a maximum term of six months, they shall have two extraordinary rest periods per day, of half an hour each, to feed their children, in an adequate and hygienic place designated by the company or, when this is not possible, by prior agreement with the employer, their working hours shall be reduced by one hour during the period indicated;
V. During the rest periods referred to in section II, they shall receive their full wages. In the cases of extension mentioned in section III, they shall be entitled to fifty percent of their wages for a period not exceeding sixty days;
VI. To return to the position they held, provided that no more than one year has elapsed from the date of childbirth; and
VII. To have the prenatal and postnatal periods counted toward their seniority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 170
Las madres trabajadoras tendrán los siguientes derechos:
I. Durante el período del embarazo, no realizarán trabajos que exijan esfuerzos considerables y signifiquen un peligro para su salud en relación con la gestación, tales como levantar, tirar o empujar grandes pesos, que produzcan trepidación, estar de pie durante largo tiempo o que actúen o puedan alterar su estado psíquico y nervioso;
II. Disfrutarán de un descanso de seis semanas anteriores y seis posteriores al parto. A solicitud expresa de la trabajadora, previa autorización escrita del médico de la institución de seguridad social que le corresponda o, en su caso, del servicio de salud que otorgue el patrón, tomando en cuenta la opinión del patrón y la naturaleza del trabajo que desempeñe, se podrá transferir hasta cuatro de las seis semanas de descanso previas al parto para después del mismo. En caso de que los hijos hayan nacido con cualquier tipo de discapacidad o requieran atención médica hospitalaria, el descanso podrá ser de hasta ocho semanas posteriores al parto, previa presentación del certificado médico correspondiente.
En caso de que se presente autorización de médicos particulares, ésta deberá contener el nombre y número de cédula profesional de quien los expida, la fecha y el estado médico de la trabajadora.
II Bis. En caso de adopción de un infante disfrutarán de un descanso de seis semanas con goce de sueldo, posteriores al día en que lo reciban;
III. Los períodos de descanso a que se refiere la fracción anterior se prorrogarán por el tiempo necesario en el caso de que se encuentren imposibilitadas para trabajar a causa del embarazo o del parto;
IV. En el período de lactancia hasta por el término máximo de seis meses, tendrán dos reposos extraordinarios por día, de media hora cada uno, para alimentar a sus hijos, en lugar adecuado e higiénico que designe la empresa, o bien, cuando esto no sea posible, previo acuerdo con el patrón se reducirá en una hora su jornada de trabajo durante el período señalado;
V. Durante los períodos de descanso a que se refiere la fracción II, percibirán su salario íntegro. En los casos de prórroga mencionados en la fracción III, tendrán derecho al cincuenta por ciento de su salario por un período no mayor de sesenta días;
VI. A regresar al puesto que desempeñaban, siempre que no haya transcurrido más de un año de la fecha del parto; y
VII. A que se computen en su antigüedad los períodos pre y postnatales.
Parents of minors diagnosed with any type of cancer shall enjoy the leave referred to in Article 140 Bis of the Social Security Law, under the terms referred to therein, for the purpose of accompanying those patients in their corresponding medical treatments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 170 Bis
Los padres o madres de menores diagnosticados con cualquier tipo de cáncer, gozarán de la licencia a que se refiere el artículo 140 Bis de la Ley del Seguro Social, en los términos referidos, con la intención de acompañar a los mencionados pacientes en sus correspondientes tratamientos médicos.
Child day-care services shall be provided by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), in accordance with its Law and regulatory provisions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 171
Los servicios de guardería infantil se prestarán por el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, de conformidad con su Ley y disposiciones reglamentarias.
In establishments where women work, the employer must keep a sufficient number of seats or chairs available to working mothers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 172
En los establecimientos en que trabajen mujeres, el patrón debe mantener un número suficiente de asientos o sillas a disposición de las madres trabajadoras.
TITULO QUINTO BIS / Trabajo de los Menores
The work of minors is subject to special supervision and protection by both federal and local labor authorities.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), in coordination with the labor authorities of the states (federal entities), shall develop programs to identify and eradicate child labor.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 173
El trabajo de los menores queda sujeto a vigilancia y protección especiales de las autoridades del trabajo tanto federales como locales.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en coordinación con las autoridades del trabajo en las entidades federativas, desarrollarán programas que permitan identificar y erradicar el trabajo infantil.
Persons over fifteen and under eighteen years of age shall obtain a medical certificate proving their fitness for work and shall submit to the medical examinations periodically ordered by the corresponding labor authorities. Without these requirements, no employer may use their services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 174
Los mayores de quince y menores de dieciocho años, deberán obtener un certificado médico que acredite su aptitud para el trabajo y someterse a los exámenes médicos que periódicamente ordenen las autoridades laborales correspondientes. Sin estos requisitos, ningún patrón podrá utilizar sus servicios.
The use of the work of persons under eighteen years of age is prohibited:
I. In non-industrial establishments after ten at night;
II. In outlets selling intoxicating beverages for immediate consumption, bars or taverns and centers of vice;
III. In work liable to affect their morals or good conduct; and
IV. In dangerous or unhealthy work that, due to the nature of the work, the physical, chemical or biological conditions of the environment in which it is performed, or the composition of the raw material used, is capable of affecting the life, development and physical and mental health of minors, under the provisions of Article 176 of this Law.
In the event of a declaration of health emergency, and provided that the competent authority so determines, the work of persons under eighteen years of age may not be used. Workers in this situation shall suffer no detriment to their wages, benefits and rights.
When, by reason of the declaration of health emergency, the general suspension of work is ordered, the provisions of Article 429, section IV of this Law shall apply to persons under eighteen years of age.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 175
Queda prohibida la utilización del trabajo de los menores de dieciocho años:
I. En establecimientos no industriales después de las diez de la noche;
II. En expendios de bebidas embriagantes de consumo inmediato, cantinas o tabernas y centros de vicio;
III. En trabajos susceptibles de afectar su moralidad o buenas costumbres; y
IV. En labores peligrosas o insalubres que, por la naturaleza del trabajo, por las condiciones físicas, químicas o biológicas del medio en que se presta, o por la composición de la materia prima que se utiliza, son capaces de actuar sobre la vida, el desarrollo y la salud física y mental de los menores, en términos de lo previsto en el artículo 176 de esta Ley.
En caso de declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria y siempre que así lo determine la autoridad competente, no podrá utilizarse el trabajo de menores de dieciocho años. Los trabajadores que se encuentren en este supuesto, no sufrirán perjuicio en su salario, prestaciones y derechos.
Cuando con motivo de la declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria se ordene la suspensión general de labores, a los menores de dieciocho años les será aplicable lo dispuesto por el artículo 429, fracción IV de esta Ley.
For the purposes of this chapter, the activities carried out by minors under fifteen years of age, under the supervision, care and responsibility of their parents, guardians or those exercising parental authority, relating to artistic creation, scientific, sports or talent development, musical performance or artistic interpretation in any of its manifestations, shall not be considered work when they are subject to the following rules:
a) The relationship established with the requesting party shall be recorded in writing and shall contain the express consent given on behalf of the minor by the parents, guardians or those exercising parental authority, as well as the incorporation of the commitment assumed by the requesting party to respect, in favor of the minor, the rights recognized in favor of children by the Constitution, international conventions and federal and local laws;
b) The activities carried out by the minor may not interfere with his or her education, leisure and recreation under the terms established by applicable law, nor shall they entail any risk to his or her integrity or health and, in any case, they shall encourage the development of his or her skills and talents; and
c) The consideration received by the minor for the activities he or she carries out shall never be less than what a person over fifteen and under eighteen years of age would receive as wages.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 175 Bis
Para los efectos de este capítulo, no se considerará trabajo las actividades que bajo la supervisión, el cuidado y la responsabilidad de los padres, tutores o quienes ejerzan la patria potestad, realicen los menores de quince años relacionadas con la creación artística, el desarrollo científico, deportivo o de talento, la ejecución musical o la interpretación artística en cualquiera de sus manifestaciones, cuando se sujeten a las siguientes reglas:
a) La relación establecida con el solicitante deberá constar por escrito y contendrá el consentimiento expreso que en nombre del menor manifiesten los padres, tutores o quienes ejerzan la patria potestad, así como la incorporación del compromiso que asuma el solicitante de respetar a favor del mismo menor los derechos que la Constitución, los convenios internacionales y las leyes federales y locales reconozcan a favor de la niñez;
b) Las actividades que realice el menor no podrán interferir con su educación, esparcimiento y recreación en los términos que establezca el derecho aplicable, tampoco implicarán riesgo para su integridad o salud y en todo caso, incentivarán el desarrollo de sus habilidades y talentos; y
c) Las contraprestaciones que reciba el menor por las actividades que realice nunca serán menores a las que por concepto de salario recibiría un mayor de quince y menor de dieciocho años.
For the purposes of the work of minors, in addition to the provisions of the applicable Laws, regulations and standards, work that entails the following shall be considered dangerous or unhealthy:
I. Exposure to:
1. Noise, vibrations, ionizing and non-ionizing infrared or ultraviolet radiation, high or low thermal conditions or abnormal environmental pressures.
2. Chemical agents contaminating the work environment.
3. Hazardous waste, biological agents or infectious and contagious diseases.
4. Dangerous fauna or harmful flora.
II. Work:
1. Industrial night work or work after twenty-two hours.
2. Rescue, salvage and emergency response brigades.
3. At heights or in confined spaces.
4. In which critical equipment and processes are operated where hazardous chemical substances are handled that may cause major accidents.
5. Welding and cutting.
6. In extreme climatic conditions in the open field that expose them to dehydration, heat stroke, hypothermia or freezing.
7. On roads with a high volume of vehicle traffic (primary roads).
8. Agricultural, forestry, sawmilling, silvicultural, hunting and fishing work that entails the use of chemicals, the handling of machinery or heavy vehicles, and work determined by the competent authority;
9. Production work in the gas, cement, mining, iron and steel, oil and nuclear industries.
10. Production work in the brick, glass, ceramics and wax industries.
11. Production work in the tobacco industry.
12. Related to the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity and the maintenance of electrical installations.
13. On construction works.
14. That entails direct responsibility for the care of persons or the custody of goods and valuables.
15. With a high degree of difficulty; under time pressure; that demands high responsibility, or that requires sustained concentration and attention.
16. Relating to the operation, inspection, maintenance and testing of pressure vessels, cryogenic vessels and steam generators or boilers.
17. On ships.
18. In mines.
19. Underwater and underground.
20. Itinerant work, except with special authorization from the Labor Inspectorate.
III. Moderate and heavy physical effort; loads exceeding seven kilograms; forced postures, or with repetitive movements for prolonged periods, that alter their musculoskeletal system.
IV. Handling, transport, storage or dispatch of hazardous chemical substances.
V. Handling, operation and maintenance of mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or motorized machinery, equipment or tools that may cause amputations, fractures or serious injuries.
VI. Driving of motorized vehicles, including their mechanical and electrical maintenance.
VII. Use of sharp-edged hand tools.
The activities provided for in this article, for persons under eighteen and over sixteen years of age, shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, in the laws and in the International Treaties to which the Mexican State is a party.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 176
Para los efectos del trabajo de los menores, además de lo que dispongan las Leyes, reglamentos y normas aplicables, se considerarán, como labores peligrosas o insalubres, las que impliquen:
I. Exposición a:
1. Ruido, vibraciones, radiaciones ionizantes y no ionizantes infrarrojas o ultravioletas, condiciones térmicas elevadas o abatidas o presiones ambientales anormales.
2. Agentes químicos contaminantes del ambiente laboral.
3. Residuos peligrosos, agentes biológicos o enfermedades infecto contagiosas.
4. Fauna peligrosa o flora nociva.
II. Labores:
1. Nocturnas industriales o el trabajo después de las veintidós horas.
2. De rescate, salvamento y brigadas contra siniestros.
3. En altura o espacios confinados.
4. En las cuales se operen equipos y procesos críticos donde se manejen sustancias químicas peligrosas que puedan ocasionar accidentes mayores.
5. De soldadura y corte.
6. En condiciones climáticas extremas en campo abierto, que los expongan a deshidratación, golpe de calor, hipotermia o congelación.
7. En vialidades con amplio volumen de tránsito vehicular (vías primarias).
8. Agrícolas, forestales, de aserrado, silvícolas, de caza y pesca, que impliquen el uso de químicos, manejo de maquinaria, vehículos pesados, y los que determine la autoridad competente;
9. Productivas de las industrias gasera, del cemento, minera, del hierro y el acero, petrolera y nuclear.
10. Productivas de las industrias ladrillera, vidriera, cerámica y cerera.
11. Productivas de la industria tabacalera.
12. Relacionadas con la generación, transmisión y distribución de electricidad y el mantenimiento de instalaciones eléctricas.
13. En obras de construcción.
14. Que tengan responsabilidad directa sobre el cuidado de personas o la custodia de bienes y valores.
15. Con alto grado de dificultad; en apremio de tiempo; que demandan alta responsabilidad, o que requieren de concentración y atención sostenidas.
16. Relativas a la operación, revisión, mantenimiento y pruebas de recipientes sujetos a presión, recipientes criogénicos y generadores de vapor o calderas.
17. En buques.
18. En minas.
19. Submarinas y subterráneas.
20. Trabajos ambulantes, salvo autorización especial de la Inspección de Trabajo.
III. Esfuerzo físico moderado y pesado; cargas superiores a los siete kilogramos; posturas forzadas, o con movimientos repetitivos por períodos prolongados, que alteren su sistema musculo-esquelético.
IV. Manejo, transporte, almacenamiento o despacho de sustancias químicas peligrosas.
V. Manejo, operación y mantenimiento de maquinaria, equipo o herramientas mecánicas, eléctricas, neumáticas o motorizadas, que puedan generar amputaciones, fracturas o lesiones graves.
VI. Manejo de vehículos motorizados, incluido su mantenimiento mecánico y eléctrico.
VII. Uso de herramientas manuales punzo cortantes.
Las actividades previstas en este artículo, para los menores de dieciocho años y mayores de dieciséis años de edad, se sujetarán a los términos y condiciones consagrados en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en las leyes y los Tratados Internacionales de los que el Estado Mexicano sea parte.
The working hours of persons under sixteen years of age may not exceed six hours per day and shall be divided into maximum periods of three hours. Between the different periods of the working day, they shall enjoy rest periods of at least one hour.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 177
La jornada de trabajo de los menores de dieciséis años no podrá exceder de seis horas diarias y deberán dividirse en períodos máximos de tres horas. Entre los distintos períodos de la jornada, disfrutarán de reposos de una hora por lo menos.
The use of the work of persons under eighteen years of age in overtime and on Sundays and mandatory rest days is prohibited. In the event of violation of this prohibition, overtime hours shall be paid at two hundred percent more than the wage corresponding to the hours of the working day, and the wages for Sundays and mandatory rest days shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of Articles 73 and 75.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 178
Queda prohibida la utilización del trabajo de los menores de dieciocho años, en horas extraordinarias y en los días domingos y de descanso obligatorio. En caso de violación de esta prohibición, las horas extraordinarias se pagarán con un doscientos por ciento más del salario que corresponda a las horas de la jornada, y el salario de los días domingos y de descanso obligatorio, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en los artículos 73 y 75.
Persons under eighteen years of age shall enjoy an annual period of paid vacation of at least eighteen working days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 179
Los menores de dieciocho años, disfrutarán de un período anual de vacaciones pagadas de dieciocho días laborables, por lo menos.
Employers that have persons under eighteen years of age in their service are obligated to:
I. Require the presentation of the medical certificates proving that they are fit for work;
II. Keep, and have available to the competent authority, records and supporting documentation indicating the name and surnames, date of birth or age of the persons under eighteen years of age employed by them, type of work, schedule, wage and other general working conditions; likewise, those records shall include the corresponding information on those who receive guidance, training or professional education in their companies.
III. Distribute the work so that they have the time necessary to complete their school programs;
IV. Provide them with training and instruction under this Law; and,
V. Provide the labor authorities with the reports they request.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 180
Los patrones que tengan a su servicio menores de dieciocho años, están obligados a:
I. Exigir que se les exhiban los certificados médicos que acrediten que están aptos para el trabajo;
II. Llevar y tener a disposición de la autoridad competente, registros y documentación comprobatoria, en donde se indique el nombre y apellidos, la fecha de nacimiento o la edad de los menores de dieciocho años empleados por ellos, clase de trabajo, horario, salario y demás condiciones generales de trabajo; así mismo, dichos registros deberán incluir la información correspondiente de aquéllos que reciban orientación, capacitación o formación profesional en sus empresas.
III. Distribuir el trabajo a fin de que dispongan del tiempo necesario para cumplir sus programas escolares;
IV. Proporcionarles capacitación y adiestramiento en los términos de esta Ley; y,
V. Proporcionar a las autoridades del trabajo los informes que soliciten.
TITULO SEXTO / Trabajos Especiales / CAPITULO I / Disposiciones generales
Special work is governed by the rules of this Title and by the general rules of this Law insofar as they do not contradict them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 181
Los trabajos especiales se rigen por las normas de este Título y por las generales de esta Ley en cuanto no las contraríen.
CAPITULO II / Trabajadores de confianza
The working conditions of workers in positions of trust shall be proportional to the nature and importance of the services they provide and may not be lower than those governing similar work within the company or establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 182
Las condiciones de trabajo de los trabajadores de confianza serán proporcionadas a la naturaleza e importancia de los servicios que presten y no podrán ser inferiores a las que rijan para trabajos semejantes dentro de la empresa o establecimiento.
Workers in positions of trust may not belong to the labor unions of the other workers, nor shall they be taken into account in the vote counts carried out to determine the majority in cases of strike, nor may they be representatives of the workers on the bodies constituted in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
Nor may such workers in positions of trust participate in the vote count evidence within disputes over title to the collective bargaining agreement or take part in the consultations for the signing or revision of collective bargaining agreements referred to in Article 390 Ter, section II, of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 183
Los trabajadores de confianza no podrán formar parte de los sindicatos de los demás trabajadores, ni serán tomados en consideración en los recuentos que se efectúen para determinar la mayoría en los casos de huelga, ni podrán ser representantes de los trabajadores en los organismos que se integren de conformidad con las disposiciones de esta Ley.
Dichos trabajadores de confianza tampoco podrán participar en las pruebas de recuento dentro de los conflictos de titularidad del contrato colectivo de trabajo ni intervenir en las consultas para la firma o revisión de contratos colectivos de trabajo a que hace referencia el artículo 390 Ter, fracción II, de esta Ley.
The working conditions contained in the collective bargaining agreement in force in the company or establishment shall extend to workers in positions of trust, unless otherwise provided in the collective bargaining agreement itself.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 184
Las condiciones de trabajo contenidas en el contrato colectivo que rija en la empresa o establecimiento se extenderán a los trabajadores de confianza, salvo disposición en contrario consignada en el mismo contrato colectivo.
The employer may rescind the employment relationship if there is a reasonable ground for loss of trust, even when it does not coincide with the justified causes for rescission referred to in Article 47.
The worker in a position of trust may exercise the actions referred to in Chapter IV of Title Two of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 185
El patrón podrá rescindir la relación de trabajo si existe un motivo razonable de pérdida de la confianza, aun cuando no coincida con las causas justificadas de rescisión a que se refiere el artículo 47.
El trabajador de confianza podrá ejercitar las acciones a que se refiere el capítulo IV del Título Segundo de esta Ley.
In the case referred to in the preceding article, if the worker in a position of trust had been promoted from a permanent position, he or she shall return to it, unless there is justified cause for his or her separation.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 186
En el caso a que se refiere el artículo anterior, si el trabajador de confianza hubiese sido promovido en un puesto de planta, volverá a él, salvo que exista causa justificada para su separación.
CAPITULO III / Trabajadores de los buques
The provisions of this chapter apply to workers on ships, this term including any kind of ship or vessel flying the Mexican flag.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 187
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican a los trabajadores de los buques, comprendiéndose dentro de esta denominación cualquier clase de barco o embarcación que ostente bandera mexicana.
Subject to the provisions of this chapter are captains and deck and engine officers, pursers and accountants, radio operators, boatswains, dredgers, seamen and cabin and galley personnel, those considered workers by the laws and provisions on water communications and, in general, all persons who perform any work on board on behalf of the shipowner, shipping company or charterer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 188
Están sujetos a las disposiciones de este capítulo, los capitanes y oficiales de cubierta y máquinas, los sobrecargos y contadores, los radiotelegrafistas, contramaestres, dragadores, marineros y personal de cámara y cocina, los que sean considerados como trabajadores por las leyes y disposiciones sobre comunicaciones por agua, y en general, todas las personas que desempeñen a bordo algún trabajo por cuenta del armador, naviero o fletador.
Workers on ships shall be Mexicans by birth who do not acquire another nationality and shall be in full enjoyment and exercise of their civil and political rights.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 189
Los trabajadores de los buques deberán tener la calidad de mexicanos por nacimiento que no adquieran otra nacionalidad y estar en pleno goce y ejercicio de sus derechos civiles y políticos.
Captains, understood as those who exercise direct command of a ship, have, with respect to the other workers, the status of representatives of the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 190
Los capitanes, entendiéndose como tales a quienes ejercen el mando directo de un buque, tienen con respecto a los demás trabajadores la calidad de representantes del patrón.
The work referred to in this chapter is prohibited for persons under sixteen years of age, as is the work of persons under eighteen as storekeepers or stokers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 191
Queda prohibido el trabajo a que se refiere este capítulo a los menores de dieciséis años y el de los menores de dieciocho en calidad de pañoleros o fogoneros.
The agreement entered into on board by the captain of a ship with persons who have stowed away on it, the purpose of which is to earn the amount of the passage through personal services, is not considered an employment relationship, except as provided in the following article.
Nor shall an agreement entered into under the terms of the preceding paragraph with Mexicans who must be repatriated, at the request of the respective Consul, be considered an employment relationship.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 192
No se considera relación de trabajo el convenio que celebre a bordo el capitán de un buque con personas que se hayan introducido a él y que tengan por objeto devengar, con servicios personales, el importe del pasaje, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo siguiente.
Tampoco se considerará relación de trabajo el convenio celebrado en los términos del párrafo anterior, con los mexicanos que deban repatriarse, a solicitud del Cónsul respectivo.
Persons who provide their services on board exclusively for the time the ship is in port are subject to the provisions of this chapter insofar as they are applicable.
When ships put to sea without the persons referred to in the preceding paragraph having been able to disembark, they shall be considered workers until they are returned to their place of origin, and they shall have the rights and obligations set forth in this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 193
Las personas que presten sus servicios a bordo exclusivamente por el tiempo en que el buque se encuentre en puerto, quedan sujetas a las disposiciones del presente capítulo en lo que sean aplicables.
Cuando los buques se hagan a la mar sin que hayan podido desembarcar las personas a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, serán considerados trabajadores hasta que se restituyan a su lugar de origen, y tendrán los derechos y obligaciones que se consignan en este capítulo.
The working conditions shall be recorded in writing. One copy shall remain in the possession of each party, another shall be sent to the Harbor Master's Office or to the nearest Mexican Consul, and the fourth to the Labor Inspectorate of the place where they were stipulated.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 194
Las condiciones de trabajo se harán constar por escrito. Un ejemplar quedará en poder de cada parte, otro se remitirá a la Capitanía del Puerto o al Cónsul mexicano más cercano, y el cuarto a la Inspección del Trabajo del lugar donde se estipularon.
The document referred to in the preceding article shall contain:
I. Place and date of its execution;
II. Name, nationality, age, sex, marital status and domicile of the worker and of the employer;
III. Mention of the ship or ships on board which the services will be provided;
IV. Whether it is entered into for a fixed term, an indefinite term or for a voyage or voyages;
V. The service to be provided, specified as precisely as possible;
VI. The distribution of the working hours;
VII. The amount of the wages;
VIII. The accommodation and meals to be supplied to the worker;
IX. The annual vacation period;
X. The rights and obligations of the worker;
XI. The percentage the workers shall receive when salvage is provided to another ship; and
XII. Other stipulations agreed upon by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 195
El escrito a que se refiere el artículo anterior contendrá:
I. Lugar y fecha de su celebración;
II. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo, estado civil, y domicilio del trabajador y del patrón;
III. Mención del buque o buques a bordo de los cuales se prestarán los servicios;
IV. Si se celebra por tiempo determinado, por tiempo indeterminado o por viaje o viajes;
V. El servicio que deba prestarse, especificándolo con la mayor precisión;
VI. La distribución de las horas de jornada;
VII. El monto de los salarios;
VIII. El alojamiento y los alimentos que se suministrarán al trabajador;
IX. El período anual de vacaciones;
X. Los derechos y obligaciones del trabajador;
XI. El porcentaje que percibirán los trabajadores cuando se trate de dar salvamento a otro buque; y
XII. Las demás estipulaciones que convengan las partes.
The employment relationship per voyage shall cover the term counted from the embarkation of the worker until the unloading of the ship or the disembarkation of passengers at the agreed port is completed.
If it is for a fixed or indefinite term, the port to which the worker must be returned shall be set and, in the absence thereof, the port of the place where the worker was taken on shall be deemed designated.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 196
La relación de trabajo por viaje comprenderá el término contado desde el embarque del trabajador hasta concluir la descarga del buque o el desembarque de pasajeros en el puerto que se convenga.
Si es por tiempo determinado o indeterminado se fijará el puerto al que deba ser restituido el trabajador, y a falta de ello, se tendrá por señalado el del lugar donde se le tomó.
For the provision of services by Mexican workers on foreign ships, the provisions of Article 28 shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 197
Para la prestación de servicios de trabajadores mexicanos en buques extranjeros se observará lo dispuesto en el artículo 28.
When the ship is at sea and the nature of the work does not permit weekly rest, the provisions of Article 73 shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 198
Cuando el buque se encuentre en el mar y la naturaleza del trabajo no permita el descanso semanal, se aplicará lo dispuesto en el artículo 73.
Workers are entitled to a minimum period of twelve working days of paid annual vacation, which shall increase by two working days, up to twenty-four, for each subsequent year of service. Thereafter, the vacation period shall increase by two days for every five years of service.
Vacation shall be enjoyed on land, and may be divided when the continuity of the work so requires.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 199
Los trabajadores tienen derecho a un período mínimo de doce días laborables de vacaciones anuales pagadas, que se aumentará en dos días laborables, hasta llegar a veinticuatro, por cada año subsecuente de servicios. Con posterioridad se aumentará el período de vacaciones en dos días por cada cinco años de servicios.
Las vacaciones deberán disfrutarse en tierra, pudiendo fraccionarse cuando lo exija la continuidad del trabajo.
A provision stipulating different wages for equal work, if performed on ships of different categories, does not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 200
No es violatoria del principio de igualdad de salario la disposición que estipule salarios distintos para trabajo igual, si se presta en buques de diversas categorías.
At the option of the workers, wages may be paid in the equivalent in foreign currency, at the official exchange rate in force on the date on which they are collected, when the ship is in a foreign port.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 201
A elección de los trabajadores, los salarios podrán pagarse en el equivalente en moneda extranjera, al tipo oficial de cambio que rija en la fecha en que se cobren, cuando el buque se encuentre en puerto extranjero.
Workers per voyage are entitled to a proportional wage increase in the event of the extension or delay of the voyage.
Wages may not be reduced if the voyage is shortened, whatever the cause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 202
Los trabajadores por viaje tienen derecho a un aumento proporcional de salarios en caso de prolongación o retardo del mismo.
Los salarios no podrán reducirse si se abrevia el viaje, cualquiera que sea la causa.
The wages and indemnities of the workers enjoy the preference set forth in Article 113 over the ship, its engines, tackle, stores and freight. For this purpose, the owner of the ship is jointly and severally liable with the employer for the wages and indemnities of the workers. When labor claims from different voyages concur, those of the last voyage shall have preference.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 203
Los salarios y las indemnizaciones de los trabajadores disfrutan de la preferencia consignada en el artículo 113, sobre el buque, sus máquinas, aparejos, pertrechos y fletes. A este efecto, el propietario del buque es solidariamente responsable con el patrón por los salarios e indemnizaciones de los trabajadores. Cuando concurran créditos de trabajo procedentes de diferentes viajes, tendrán preferencia los del último.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. To provide comfortable and hygienic accommodation on board;
II. To provide healthy, abundant and nutritious food to the workers of ships engaged in deep-sea and coastal service and dredging;
III. To provide accommodation and meals when the ship is taken to a foreign port for repairs and its condition does not permit staying on board. This same obligation shall continue in a national port when it is not the port of the place where the worker was taken on. Housing and meals shall be provided at no cost to the worker;
IV. To pay the costs of remitting funds to the family members of the workers when the ship is abroad;
V. To grant workers the time necessary to vote in popular elections and recall of mandate processes, provided that the safety of the ship permits it and its departure on the set date and time is not hindered;
VI. To permit workers to be absent from their work to perform assignments for the State or for their labor union, under the same conditions referred to in the preceding section;
VII. To provide meals and accommodation, medical treatment and medicines and other therapeutic means in cases of illness, whatever its nature;
VIII. To carry on board the personnel and healing material established by the laws and provisions on water communications;
IX. To repatriate the workers or transfer them to the agreed place, except in cases of separation for causes not attributable to the employer; and
X. To inform the corresponding Harbor Master's Office, within twenty-four hours of having been granted free pratique, of the occupational accidents that occurred on board. If the ship arrives at a foreign port, the report shall be made to the Mexican Consul or, in his or her absence, to the harbor master of the first national port at which it calls.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 204
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Proporcionar abordo alojamientos cómodos e higiénicos;
II. Proporcionar alimentación sana, abundante y nutritiva a los trabajadores de buques dedicados al servicio de altura y cabotaje y de dragado;
III. Proporcionar alojamiento y alimentos cuando el buque sea llevado a puerto extranjero para reparaciones y sus condiciones no permitan la permanencia a bordo. Esta misma obligación subsistirá en puerto nacional cuando no sea el del lugar donde se tomó al trabajador. La habitación y los alimentos se proporcionarán sin costo para el trabajador;
IV. Pagar los costos de la situación de fondos a los familiares de los trabajadores, cuando el buque se encuentre en el extranjero;
V. Conceder a los trabajadores el tiempo necesario para el ejercicio del voto en las elecciones populares y los procesos de revocación de mandato, siempre que la seguridad del buque lo permita y no se entorpezca su salida en la fecha y hora fijadas;
VI. Permitir a los trabajadores que falten a sus labores para desempeñar comisiones del Estado o de su sindicato, en las mismas condiciones a que se refiere la fracción anterior;
VII. Proporcionar la alimentación y alojamiento, tratamiento médico y medicamentos y otros medios terapéuticos, en los casos de enfermedades, cualquiera que sea su naturaleza;
VIII. Llevar a bordo el personal y material de curación que establezcan las leyes y disposiciones sobre comunicaciones por agua;
IX. Repatriar o trasladar al lugar convenido a los trabajadores, salvo los casos de separación por causas no imputables al patrón; y
X. Informar a la Capitanía del Puerto correspondiente, dentro de las veinticuatro horas de haber sido declarado a libre plática, de los accidentes de trabajo ocurridos abordo. Si el buque llega a puerto extranjero, el informe se rendirá al Cónsul mexicano o en su defecto, al capitán del primer puerto nacional que toque.
Workers are especially obligated to respect and carry out the instructions and drills intended to prevent maritime risks, which shall be carried out under the terms determined by the laws and provisions on water communications. Captains and officers shall act, in these cases, as representatives of the authority and not as representatives of the employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 205
Los trabajadores están especialmente obligados a respetar y realizar las instrucciones y prácticas destinadas a prevenir riesgos del mar, las que se efectuarán en los términos que determinen las leyes y disposiciones sobre comunicaciones por agua. Los capitanes y oficiales obrarán, en estos casos, como representantes de la autoridad y no como representantes de los patrones.
On-board outlets are prohibited from providing intoxicating beverages to workers without the captain's permission, and workers are prohibited from bringing such items onto ships.
Workers are likewise prohibited from bringing drugs and enervating substances on board, except as provided in Article 208, section III.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 206
Queda prohibido en los expendios de a bordo proporcionar, sin permiso del capitán, bebidas embriagantes a los trabajadores, así como que éstos introduzcan a los buques tales efectos.
Queda igualmente prohibido a los trabajadores introducir drogas y enervantes, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 208, fracción III.
The temporary laying-up of a ship, authorized by the Court, does not terminate the employment relationships; it only suspends their effects until the ship returns to service.
Repairs to ships shall not be considered temporary laying-up.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 207
El amarre temporal de un buque que, autorizado por el Tribunal, no da por terminadas las relaciones de trabajo, sólo suspende sus efectos hasta que el buque vuelva al servicio.
Las reparaciones a los buques no se considerarán como amarre temporal.
The following are special causes for rescission of employment relationships:
I. The worker's failure to be on board at the time agreed for departure or, having reported, disembarking and not making the voyage;
II. The worker's being in a state of drunkenness during service hours while the ship is in port, upon the ship's departure or during navigation;
III. Using narcotics or enervating drugs while on board, without a medical prescription.
Upon boarding, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician;
IV. Insubordination and disobedience of the orders of the captain of the ship in his or her capacity as authority;
V. The definitive cancellation or revocation of the certificates of competency or the seaman's books required by laws and regulations;
VI. The violation of the laws on the import or export of goods in the performance of his or her services; and
VII. The performance by the worker, in the course of his or her work, of any act, or intentional omission or negligence, that may endanger his or her safety or that of the other workers, the passengers or third parties, or that damages, harms or endangers the property of the employer or of third parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 208
Son causas especiales de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. La falta de asistencia del trabajador a bordo a la hora convenida para la salida o que presentándose, desembarque y no haga el viaje;
II. Encontrarse el trabajador en estado de embriaguez en horas de servicio mientras el buque esté en puerto, al salir el buque o durante la navegación;
III. Usar narcóticos o drogas enervantes durante su permanencia a bordo, sin prescripción médica.
Al subir a bordo, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentarle la prescripción suscrita por el médico;
IV. La insubordinación y la desobediencia a las órdenes del capitán del buque en su carácter de autoridad;
V. La cancelación o la revocación definitiva de los certificados de aptitud o de las libretas de mar exigidos por las leyes y reglamentos;
VI. La violación de las leyes en materia de importación o exportación de mercancías en el desempeño de sus servicios; y
VII. La ejecución, en el desempeño del trabajo por parte del trabajador, de cualquier acto o la omisión intencional o negligencia que pueda poner en peligro su seguridad o la de los demás trabajadores, de los pasajeros o de terceras personas, o que dañe, perjudique o ponga en peligro los bienes del patrón o de terceros.
The termination of the employment relationships of the workers shall be subject to the following rules:
I. When ten days or less remain until their expiration and a new voyage is intended that exceeds that term in duration, the workers may request the termination of the employment relationships, giving notice three days before the ship's departure;
II. Employment relationships may not be terminated when the ship is at sea or when, the ship being in port, termination is sought within the twenty-four hours prior to its departure, unless in the latter case the final destination of the ship is changed;
III. Nor may employment relationships be terminated when the ship is abroad, in uninhabited places or in port, provided that in the latter case the ship is exposed to any risk due to bad weather or other circumstances;
IV. When the employment relationships are for an indefinite term, the worker shall give notice to the shipowner, shipping company or charterer seventy-two hours in advance;
V. When the ship is lost through capture or casualty, the employment relationships shall be terminated, and the shipowner, shipping company or charterer shall be obligated to repatriate the workers and to pay the amount of the wages until their return to the port of destination or to the port indicated in the contract, and the amount of the other benefits to which they are entitled. The workers and the employer may agree that the workers be provided with work of the same category on another ship of the employer; if no agreement is reached, the workers shall be entitled to be indemnified in accordance with the provisions of Article 436; and
VI. The change of nationality of a Mexican ship is a cause for termination of the employment relationships. The shipowner, shipping company or charterer shall be obligated to repatriate the workers and to pay the amount of the wages and benefits referred to in the first paragraph of the preceding section. The workers and the employer may agree that the workers be provided with work of the same category on another ship of the employer; if no agreement is reached, the workers shall be entitled to be indemnified in accordance with the provisions of Article 50.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 209
La terminación de las relaciones de trabajo de los trabajadores se sujetará a las normas siguientes:
I. Cuando falten diez días o menos para su vencimiento y se pretenda hacer un nuevo viaje que exceda en duración a este término, podrán los trabajadores pedir la terminación de las relaciones de trabajo, dando aviso con tres días de anticipación al de la salida del buque;
II. Las relaciones de trabajo no pueden darse por terminadas cuando el buque esté en el mar o cuando estando en puerto se intente la terminación dentro de las veinticuatro horas anteriores a su salida, a menos que en este último caso se cambie el destino final del buque;
III. Tampoco pueden darse por terminadas las relaciones de trabajo cuando el buque esté en el extranjero, en lugares despoblados o en puerto, siempre que en este último caso se exponga al buque a cualquier riesgo por mal tiempo u otras circunstancias;
IV. Cuando las relaciones de trabajo sean por tiempo indeterminado, el trabajador deberá dar aviso al armador, naviero o fletador con setenta y dos horas de anticipación;
V. Cuando el buque se pierda por apresamiento o siniestro, se darán por terminadas las relaciones de trabajo, quedando obligado el armador, naviero o fletador, a repatriar a los trabajadores y a cubrir el importe de los salarios hasta su restitución al puerto de destino o al que se haya señalado en el contrato y el de las demás prestaciones a que tuviesen derecho. Los trabajadores y el patrón podrán convenir en que se proporcione a aquéllos un trabajo de la misma categoría en otro buque del patrón; si no se llega a un convenio tendrán derecho los trabajadores a que se les indemnice de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 436; y
VI. El cambio de nacionalidad de un buque mexicano es causa de terminación de las relaciones de trabajo. El armador, naviero o fletador, queda obligado a repatriar a los trabajadores y a cubrir el importe de los salarios y prestaciones a que se refiere el párrafo primero de la fracción anterior. Los trabajadores y el patrón podrán convenir en que se proporcione a aquéllos un trabajo de la misma categoría en otro buque del patrón; si no se llega a un convenio, tendrán derecho los trabajadores a que se les indemnice de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 50.
In the cases of section V of the preceding article, if the workers agree to perform work aimed at recovering the remains of the ship or the cargo, they shall be paid their wages for the days they work. If the value of the objects salvaged exceeds the amount of the wages, the workers shall be entitled to an additional bonus, in proportion to the efforts made and the dangers faced in the salvage, which shall be set by agreement of the parties or by decision of the Court, which shall first hear the opinion of the maritime authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 210
En los casos de la fracción V del artículo anterior, si los trabajadores convienen en efectuar trabajos encaminados a la recuperación de los restos del buque o de la carga, se les pagarán sus salarios por los días que trabajen. Si el valor de los objetos salvados excede del importe de los salarios, tendrán derecho los trabajadores a una bonificación adicional, en proporción a los esfuerzos desarrollados y a los peligros arrostrados para el salvamento, la que se fijará por acuerdo de las partes o por decisión del Tribunal, que oirá previamente el parecer de la autoridad marítima.
The Internal Work Regulations, filed with the Registration Authority provided for in this Law, shall be registered with the Harbor Master's Office.
Violations of the regulations shall be reported to the Labor Inspector, who, after investigation, shall bring them to the attention of the labor authority, together with the opinion of the Harbor Master.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 211
El Reglamento Interior de Trabajo, depositado ante la Autoridad Registral prevista en esta Ley, deberá registrarse en la Capitanía de Puerto.
Las violaciones al reglamento se denunciarán al Inspector del Trabajo, quien, previa averiguación, las pondrá en conocimiento de la autoridad del trabajo, juntamente con la opinión del Capitán de Puerto.
The Labor Inspectorate is responsible for overseeing compliance with the laws and other labor standards, taking into account the laws and provisions on water communications, when ships are in port.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 212
Corresponde a la Inspección del Trabajo vigilar el cumplimiento de las leyes y demás normas de trabajo, atendiendo a las leyes y disposiciones sobre comunicaciones por agua, cuando los buques estén en puerto.
In inland or river traffic, the provisions of this chapter shall govern, with the following modalities:
I. If unloading lasts more than twenty-four hours at the point where the employment relationship ends, the relationship shall be considered concluded upon the expiration of that term, counted from the moment the ship anchors or docks;
II. Meals for the workers at the expense of the employers are mandatory, even when not stipulated in the contracts, if meals are provided to passengers on board; and in any case, in the case of ships that navigate for six hours or more, or that, navigating for less than that time, suspend navigation in uninhabited places where it is impossible for the workers to obtain food;
III. Compulsory stay on board is considered working time, unless the rest period is four hours or more, it is materially impossible for the worker to leave the ship or leaving it would be pointless because the places are uninhabited; and
IV. Weekly rest shall necessarily be taken on land.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 213
En el tráfico interior o fluvial regirán las disposiciones de este capítulo, con las modalidades siguientes:
I. Si la descarga dura más de veinticuatro horas en el punto en que termina la relación de trabajo, se considerará concluida ésta al expirar ese plazo, contado desde el momento en que fondee o atraque el buque;
II. La alimentación de los trabajadores por cuenta de los patrones es obligatoria, aun cuando no se estipule en los contratos, si a bordo se proporciona a los pasajeros; y en todo caso, cuando se trate de buques que naveguen por seis horas o más, o que navegando menos de ese tiempo, suspendan la navegación en lugares despoblados en los que sea imposible a los trabajadores proveerse de alimentos;
III. La permanencia obligada a bordo se considera como tiempo de trabajo, a menos que el período de descanso sea de cuatro horas o más, que exista para el trabajador la imposibilidad material de abandonar el buque o que el abandono carezca de objeto por tratarse de lugares despoblados; y
IV. El descanso semanal será forzosamente en tierra.
The Federal Executive shall determine the manner of maintaining and improving the services of the Seamen's House and shall set the contributions of the employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 214
El Ejecutivo Federal determinará la forma de sostener y mejorar los servicios de la Casa del Marino y fijará las aportaciones de los patrones.
CAPITULO IV / Trabajo de las tripulaciones aeronáuticas
The provisions of this chapter apply to the work of the crews of civil aircraft bearing Mexican registration. Their purpose, in addition to that provided for in Article 2, is to guarantee the safety of aeronautical operations, and they may not be waived to the extent that they correspond to this purpose.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 215
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican al trabajo de las tripulaciones de las aeronaves civiles que ostenten matrícula mexicana. Tienen como finalidad, además de la prevista en el artículo 2o, garantizar la seguridad de las operaciones aeronáuticas, y son irrenunciables en la medida en que correspondan a este propósito.
Crew members shall be Mexicans by birth who do not acquire another nationality and shall be in full enjoyment and exercise of their civil and political rights.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 216
Los tripulantes deben tener la calidad de mexicanos por nacimiento que no adquieran otra nacionalidad y estar en pleno goce y ejercicio de sus derechos civiles y políticos.
The employment relationships referred to in this chapter shall be governed by Mexican laws, regardless of the place where the services are to be provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 217
Las relaciones de trabajo a que se refiere este capítulo se regirán por las leyes mexicanas, independientemente del lugar en donde vayan a prestarse los servicios.
The following shall be considered members of aeronautical crews, in accordance with the corresponding legal and technical provisions:
I. The pilot in command of the aircraft (Commander or Captain);
II. Officers who perform similar work;
III. The navigator; and
IV. Flight attendants.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 218
Deberán considerarse miembros de las tripulaciones aeronáuticas, de acuerdo con las disposiciones legales y técnicas correspondientes:
I. El piloto al mando de la aeronave (Comandante o Capitán);
II. Los oficiales que desarrollen labores análogas;
III. El navegante; y
IV. Los sobrecargos.
Operations managers or flight superintendents, training chiefs, chief pilots, instructor or advisory pilots, and any other officials who, even though they have different job titles, perform functions similar to the foregoing, shall be considered representatives of the employer by reason of the nature of the functions they perform.
The holders of the categories cited shall be appointed by the employer and may serve as pilots in command, without prejudice to the corresponding rights of the permanent pilots, provided that they meet the requirements set forth in that regard by the General Communication Routes Law and its regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 219
Serán considerados representantes del patrón, por la naturaleza de las funciones que desempeñan, los gerentes de operación o superintendentes de vuelos, jefes de adiestramiento, jefes de pilotos, pilotos instructores o asesores, y cualesquiera otros funcionarios que aun cuando tengan diversas denominaciones de cargos, realicen funciones análogas a las anteriores.
Los titulares de las categorías citadas serán designados por el patrón y podrán figurar como pilotos al mando, sin perjuicio de los derechos correspondientes de los pilotos de planta, siempre y cuando reúnan los requisitos que la Ley de Vías Generales de Comunicación y sus reglamentos, consignen al respecto.
The pilot in command of an aircraft is responsible for its operation and safety during actual flight time, and is in charge of the direction, care, order and safety of the crew, the passengers, the baggage and the cargo and mail carried by the aircraft. The responsibilities and powers conferred on commanders by the General Communication Routes Law and its regulations may not be reduced or modified by the exercise of the rights and obligations that correspond to them under labor standards.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 220
El piloto al mando de una aeronave es responsable de la conducción y seguridad de la misma durante el tiempo efectivo de vuelo, y tiene a su cargo la dirección, el cuidado, el orden y la seguridad de la tripulación, de los pasajeros, del equipaje y de la carga y correo que aquélla transporte. Las responsabilidades y atribuciones que confiere a los comandantes la Ley de Vías Generales de Comunicación y sus reglamentos, no podrán ser reducidas ni modificadas por el ejercicio de los derechos y obligaciones que les corresponden conforme a las normas de trabajo.
To determine working hours, the sunrise and sunset tables shall be considered, in relation to the place nearest to where the aircraft is in flight.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 221
Para la determinación de las jornadas de trabajo, se considerarán las tablas de salida y puesta del sol, con relación al lugar más cercano al en que se encuentre la aeronave en vuelo.
Actual flight time means the time from when an aircraft begins to move under its own power, or is towed to take up its takeoff position, until it comes to a stop at the end of the flight.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 222
Por tiempo efectivo de vuelo se entiende el comprendido desde que una aeronave comienza a moverse por su propio impulso, o es remolcada para tomar posición de despegue, hasta que se detiene al terminar el vuelo.
The total service time that crew members must provide, taking into account the equipment used, shall be set in the employment contract and shall include only actual flight time, en-route time and reserve service time, and may not exceed one hundred and eighty hours per month.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 223
El tiempo total de servicios que deben prestar los tripulantes, considerado el equipo que se utilice, se fijará en el contrato de trabajo y comprenderá solamente el tiempo efectivo de vuelo, el de ruta y el de servicios de reserva, sin que pueda exceder de ciento ochenta horas mensuales.
The actual flight time that crew members may work per month shall be set in the employment contracts, taking into consideration the characteristics of the equipment used, and may not exceed ninety hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 224
El tiempo efectivo de vuelo que mensualmente podrán trabajar los tripulantes se fijará en los contratos de trabajo, tomando en consideración las características del equipo que se utilice, sin que pueda exceder de noventa horas.
The actual flight time of crew members shall not exceed eight hours on the day shift, seven on the night shift and seven and a half on the mixed shift, unless they are granted a horizontal rest period, before completing or upon completing those shifts, equal to the time flown. Time in excess of that indicated shall be overtime.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 225
El tiempo efectivo de vuelo de los tripulantes no excederá de ocho horas en la jornada diurna, de siete en la nocturna y de siete y media en la mixta, salvo que se les conceda un período de descanso horizontal, antes de cumplir o al cumplir dichas jornadas, igual al tiempo volado. El tiempo excedente al señalado será extraordinario.
The working hours of crew members shall be adjusted to the needs of the service and may begin at any hour of the day or night.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 226
Las jornadas de los tripulantes se ajustarán a las necesidades del servicio y podrán principiar a cualquiera hora del día o de la noche.
When the needs of the service or the characteristics of the routes in operation so require, the total service time of the crew members shall be distributed conventionally during the corresponding working day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 227
Cuando las necesidades del servicio o las características de las rutas en operación lo requieran, el tiempo total de servicios de los tripulantes será repartido en forma convencional durante la jornada correspondiente.
Crew members may not interrupt a flight service en route due to the expiration of the working day. If they reach the limit of their working day during the flight or at an airport other than the final destination, they shall be obligated to complete it if it does not require more than three hours. If it requires more time, they shall be relieved or shall suspend the flight at the nearest airport en route.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 228
Los tripulantes no podrán interrumpir un servicio de vuelo durante su trayecto, por vencimiento de la jornada de trabajo. En caso de que alcancen el límite de su jornada durante el vuelo o en un aeropuerto que no sea el de destino final, tendrán la obligación de terminarlo si no requiere más de tres horas. Si requiere mayor tiempo, serán relevados o suspenderán el vuelo en el aeropuerto más próximo del trayecto.
When jet equipment is used, the duration of the total service time indicated in this chapter may be reduced.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 229
Cuando se use equipo a reacción podrá reducirse la duración del tiempo total de servicios señalado en este capítulo.
When, due to the needs of the service, crew members exceed their total service time, they shall receive for each extra hour one hundred percent more than the corresponding wage. The excess time, calculated and paid under this article, shall not be subject to further payment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 230
Cuando por necesidades del servicio los tripulantes excedan su tiempo total de servicios, percibirán por cada hora extra un ciento por ciento más del salario correspondiente. El tiempo excedente, calculado y pagado en los términos de este artículo, no será objeto de nuevo pago.
Crews are obligated to extend their working hours on relief, search or rescue flights. The excess hours shall be paid in the manner provided for in the first paragraph of Article 67.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 231
Las tripulaciones están obligadas a prolongar su jornada de trabajo en los vuelos de auxilio, búsqueda o salvamento. Las horas excedentes se retribuirán en la forma prevista en el párrafo primero del artículo 67.
Crew Members who provide services on mandatory rest days shall be entitled to the remuneration set forth in Article 75. Exempt are cases of completion of a service that does not exceed the first hour and a half of those days, in which they shall only receive the amount of one additional day's wages.
For the purposes of this article, days shall begin at zero hours and end at twenty-four hours, official time of the place of the home base.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 232
Los Tripulantes que presten servicios en los días de descanso obligatorio tendrán derecho a la retribución consignada en el artículo 75. Se exceptúan los casos de terminación de un servicio que no exceda de la primera hora y media de dichos días, en los que únicamente percibirán el importe de un día de salario adicional.
Para los efectos de este artículo, los días se iniciarán a las cero horas y terminarán a las veinticuatro, tiempo oficial del lugar de la base de residencia.
Crew members are entitled to an annual vacation period of thirty calendar days, which may not be accumulated. This period may be enjoyed every six months in proportional form, and shall increase by one day for each year of service, without exceeding sixty calendar days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 233
Los tripulantes tienen derecho a un período anual de vacaciones de treinta días de calendario, no acumulables. Este período podrá disfrutarse semestralmente en forma proporcional, y se aumentará en un día por cada año de servicios, sin que exceda de sesenta días de calendario.
A provision stipulating different wages for equal work, if it is performed on aircraft of different categories or on different routes, and one establishing seniority premiums, do not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 234
No es violatoria del principio de igualdad de salario la disposición que estipule salarios distintos para trabajo igual, si éste se presta en aeronaves de diversa categoría o en diferentes rutas, y la que establezca primas de antigüedad.
The wages of crew members, including the corresponding additional allowances, shall be paid on the fifteenth and the last day of each month. Earnings for night flight time and overtime shall be paid in the first half of the month following the month in which they were performed; and the amount for mandatory rest days, in the half-month immediately following the one in which they were worked.
Payments, whatever their concept, shall be made in national currency and at the crew member's place of residence, unless otherwise agreed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 235
El salario de los tripulantes se pagará, incluyendo las asignaciones adicionales correspondientes, los días quince y último de cada mes. Las percepciones por concepto de tiempo de vuelo nocturno y de tiempo extraordinario, en la primera quincena del mes siguiente al en que se hayan realizado; y el importe de los días de descanso obligatorio, en la quincena inmediata a aquella en que se hayan trabajado.
Los pagos, sea cualquiera su concepto, se harán en moneda nacional y en el lugar de residencia del tripulante, salvo pacto en contrario.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. To provide meals, accommodation and transportation to crew members for the entire time they remain away from their base for reasons of service. Payment shall be made in accordance with the following rules:
a) At previously designated stations, or at those of extraordinary overnight stay, transportation shall be by automobile and accommodation shall be paid directly by the employer. Transportation shall be provided between the airports and the place of accommodation and vice versa, except at the places of permanent base of residence of the crew members.
b) When meals cannot be taken on board, crew members shall receive a cash allowance, which shall be set according to the number of meals to be taken on each trip or at the places of extraordinary overnight stay. The amount of these allowances shall be set by mutual agreement;
II. To pay crew members the relocation expenses, including those of the spouse and first-degree family members who depend economically on them, and of household goods and personal effects, when they are transferred from their base of residence. The amount of these expenses shall be set by mutual agreement;
III. To repatriate or transfer to the place of hiring the crew members whose aircraft is destroyed or rendered unusable outside that place, paying them their wages and travel expenses; and
IV. To grant the leaves referred to in Article 132, sections IX and X, provided that the safety of the aircraft is not endangered and its departure on the previously indicated date and time is not made impossible.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 236
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Proporcionar alimentación, alojamiento y transportación a los tripulantes por todo el tiempo que permanezcan fuera de su base por razones del servicio. El pago se hará de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
a) En las estaciones previamente designadas, o en las de pernoctación extraordinaria, la transportación se hará en automóvil y el alojamiento será cubierto directamente por el patrón. La transportación se proporcionará entre los aeropuertos y el lugar de alojamiento y viceversa, excepto en aquellos lugares de base permanente de residencia de los tripulantes.
b) Cuando los alimentos no puedan tomarse a bordo, los tripulantes percibirán una asignación en efectivo, que se fijará según el número de comidas que deban hacerse en cada viaje o en los lugares de pernoctación extraordinaria. El monto de estas asignaciones se fijará de común acuerdo;
II. Pagar a los tripulantes los gastos de traslado, incluyendo los del cónyuge y familiares de primer grado que dependan económicamente de ellos, del menaje de casa y efectos personales, cuando sean cambiados de su base de residencia. El monto de estos gastos se fijará de común acuerdo;
III. Repatriar o trasladar al lugar de contratación a los tripulantes cuya aeronave se destruya o inutilice fuera de ese lugar, pagándoles sus salarios y los gastos de viaje; y
IV. Conceder los permisos a que se refiere el artículo 132 fracciones IX y X, siempre que no se ponga en peligro la seguridad de la aeronave o se imposibilite su salida en la fecha y hora previamente señaladas.
Crew members, to the extent applicable to them, have the following special obligations:
I. To ensure that the aircraft in their charge do not carry passengers or items unrelated to the interests of the employer without compliance with the corresponding requirements, or articles prohibited by law, unless permission from the corresponding authorities has been obtained;
II. To keep in force their licenses, passports, visas and documents legally required for the performance of their work;
III. To report to perform the services assigned to them with the advance notice and in the manner established by their contract and the internal work regulations, unless there is justified cause;
IV. To submit, at least twice a year, to the periodic medical examinations provided for by the laws, regulations and employment contracts;
V. To undergo the instruction established by the employer, according to the needs of the service, in order to maintain or increase their efficiency for promotions or for the use of equipment with new technical characteristics, and to operate such equipment upon obtaining the required capacity;
VI. To plan, prepare and carry out each flight in strict compliance with the laws, regulations and other provisions issued or approved by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation (SCT) and by the employer;
VII. To ascertain, before beginning a trip, that the aircraft meets the legal and regulatory requirements and the necessary safety conditions, and that it has been duly equipped, supplied and provisioned;
VIII. To observe the technical instructions on air traffic safety issued in bulletins by the employer or dictated by the respective authorities at the base airport or at outstations;
IX. To notify the employer and, as the case may be, the competent authorities, using the fastest means of communication available to them, if any emergency situation arises in flight, or when an accident occurs;
X. To carry out relief, search or rescue flights at any time and place required;
XI. In the case of the pilots in command of the aircraft, to record in the logbook, accurately and under their responsibility, the data required by the relevant legal provisions and, where applicable, to distribute the service time of the other members of the crew;
XII. To render the reports, make the declarations and statements and sign the documentation required in connection with each flight by the laws, regulations and other applicable provisions; and
XIII. To inform the employer, at the end of the flight, of the mechanical or technical defects that they notice or presume to exist in the aircraft.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 237
Los tripulantes, en la medida que les corresponda, tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Cuidar que en las aeronaves a su cargo no se transporte pasajeros o efectos ajenos a los intereses del patrón sin el cumplimiento de los requisitos correspondientes, ni artículos prohibidos por la ley, a menos que se cuente con el permiso de las autoridades correspondientes;
II. Conservar en vigor sus licencias, pasaportes, visas y documentos que se requieran legalmente para el desempeño de su trabajo;
III. Presentarse a cubrir los servicios que tengan asignados con la anticipación y en la forma que establezcan su contrato y el reglamento interior de trabajo, salvo causa justificada;
IV. Someterse, cuando menos dos veces al año, a los exámenes médicos periódicos que prevengan las leyes, los reglamentos y los contratos de trabajo;
V. Someterse a los adiestramientos que establezca el patrón, según las necesidades del servicio, a fin de conservar o incrementar su eficiencia para ascensos o utilización de equipo con nuevas características técnicas y operar éste al obtener la capacidad requerida;
VI. Planear, preparar y realizar cada vuelo, con estricto apego a las leyes, reglamentos y demás disposiciones dictadas o aprobadas por la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes y por el patrón;
VII. Cerciorarse, antes de iniciar un viaje, de que la aeronave satisface los requisitos legales y reglamentarios, las condiciones necesarias de seguridad, y que ha sido debidamente equipada, aprovisionada y avituallada;
VIII. Observar las indicaciones técnicas que en materia de seguridad de tránsito aéreo boletine el patrón o dicten las autoridades respectivas en el aeropuerto base o en las estaciones foráneas;
IX. Dar aviso al patrón y, en su caso, a las autoridades competentes, utilizando los medios de comunicación más rápidos de que dispongan, en caso de presentarse en vuelo cualquier situación de emergencia, o cuando ocurra un accidente;
X. Efectuar vuelos de auxilio, búsqueda o salvamento en cualquier tiempo y lugar que se requiera;
XI. Tratándose de los pilotos al mando de la aeronave, anotar en la bitácora, con exactitud y bajo su responsabilidad, los datos exigidos por las disposiciones legales relativas y hacer, cuando proceda, la distribución del tiempo de servicio de los demás miembros de la tripulación;
XII. Rendir los informes, formular las declaraciones y manifestaciones y firmar la documentación que en relación con cada vuelo exijan las leyes, reglamentos y demás disposiciones aplicables; y
XIII. Poner en conocimiento del patrón al terminar el vuelo, los defectos mecánicos o técnicos que adviertan o presuman existen en la aeronave.
When, for any reason, a member of the technical crew has stopped flying for 21 days or more, the crew member shall undergo the instruction corresponding to the category he or she held at the time of the suspension and prove that he or she has the technical and practical capacity required for the performance and resumption of his or her work, under the terms established by the General Communication Routes Law and its regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 238
Cuando por cualquier causa un miembro de la tripulación técnica hubiese dejado de volar durante 21 días o más, el tripulante deberá someterse al adiestramiento correspondiente a la categoría que tenía en el momento de la suspensión y comprobar que posee la capacidad técnica y práctica requerida para el desempeño y reanudación de su trabajo, en los términos que establezca la Ley de Vías Generales de Comunicación y sus reglamentos.
The seniority roster of aeronautical crews shall take into consideration:
I. The technical, physical and mental capacity of the interested party, with reference to the equipment corresponding to the position for promotion;
II. Prior experience, determined, according to the specialty, by the flight hours registered with the competent authority or by the instruction and practice in the case of crew members who are not obligated to register such flight hours; and
III. Seniority, all conditions being equal.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 239
El escalafón de las tripulaciones aeronáuticas tomará en consideración:
I. La capacidad técnica, física y mental del interesado, referida al equipo que corresponda al puesto de ascenso;
II. La experiencia previa, determinada, según la especialidad, por las horas de vuelo registradas ante la autoridad competente o por las instrucciones y práctica en el caso de los tripulantes que no tengan obligación de registrar dichas horas de vuelo; y
III. La antigüedad, en igualdad de condiciones.
A crew member interested in a promotion within his or her specialty shall take and pass the respective instruction program and obtain the license required for each specialty by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 240
El tripulante interesado en una promoción de su especialidad, deberá sustentar y aprobar el programa de adiestramiento respectivo, y obtener la licencia requerida para cada especialidad por la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes.
In the case of the operation of equipment with technical characteristics different from those previously used, the crew member and the employer shall set the working conditions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 241
En el caso de operación de equipo con características técnicas distintas del que se venía utilizando, el tripulante y el patrón fijarán las condiciones de trabajo.
Crew members are prohibited from:
I. Consuming alcoholic beverages during the provision of service and in the twenty-four hours prior to the start of the flights assigned to them;
II. Using narcotics or enervating drugs during or outside their working hours, without a prescription from a specialist in aviation medicine. Before beginning his or her service, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician; and
III. Performing as crew members any flight that diminishes their physical and legal ability to perform flights in the service of their employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 242
Queda prohibido a los tripulantes:
I. Ingerir bebidas alcohólicas durante la prestación del servicio y en las veinticuatro horas anteriores a la iniciación de los vuelos que tengan asignados;
II. Usar narcóticos o drogas enervantes dentro o fuera de sus horas de trabajo, sin prescripción de un especialista en medicina de aviación. Antes de iniciar su servicio, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentarle la prescripción suscrita por el médico; y
III. Ejecutar como tripulantes algún vuelo que disminuya sus posibilidades físicas y legales de realizar vuelos al servicio de su patrón.
The temporary suspension of the respective licenses, passports, visas and other documents required by national and foreign laws, when attributable to the crew member, is a special cause for suspension of the employment relationships, without liability for the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 243
Es causa especial de suspensión de las relaciones de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el patrón, la suspensión transitoria de las licencias respectivas, de los pasaportes, visas y demás documentos exigidos por las leyes nacionales y extranjeras cuando sea imputable al tripulante.
The following are special causes for termination or rescission of employment relationships:
I. The definitive cancellation or revocation of the documents specified in the preceding article;
II. The crew member's being in a state of drunkenness within the twenty-four hours prior to the start of the flight assigned to him or her or during the course thereof;
III. The crew member's being, at any time, under the influence of narcotics or enervating drugs, except as provided in Article 242, section II;
IV. The violation of the laws on the import or export of goods in the performance of his or her services;
V. The crew member's refusal, without justified cause, to carry out relief, search or rescue flights, or to begin or continue the flight service assigned to him or her;
VI. The crew member's refusal to take the instruction programs established by the employer according to the needs of the service, when they are indispensable to maintain or increase his or her efficiency, for promotions or to operate equipment with new technical characteristics;
VII. The performance by the crew member, in the course of his or her work, of any act, or intentional omission or negligence, that may endanger his or her safety or that of the members of the crew, the passengers or third parties, or that damages, harms or endangers the property of the employer or of third parties; and
VIII. Non-compliance with the obligations indicated in Article 237 and the violation of the prohibition set forth in Article 242, section III.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 244
Son causas especiales de terminación o rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. La cancelación o revocación definitiva de los documentos especificados en el artículo anterior;
II. Encontrarse el tripulante en estado de embriaguez, dentro de las veinticuatro horas anteriores a la iniciación del vuelo que tenga asignado o durante el transcurso del mismo;
III. Encontrarse el tripulante, en cualquier tiempo, bajo la influencia de narcóticos o drogas enervantes salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 242, fracción II;
IV. La violación de las leyes en materia de importación o exportación de mercancías, en el desempeño de sus servicios;
V. La negativa del tripulante, sin causa justificada, a ejecutar vuelos de auxilio, búsqueda o salvamento, o iniciar o proseguir el servicio de vuelo que le haya sido asignado;
VI. La negativa del tripulante a cursar los programas de adiestramiento que según las necesidades del servicio establezca el patrón, cuando sean indispensables para conservar o incrementar su eficiencia, para ascensos o para operar equipo con nuevas características técnicas;
VII. La ejecución, en el desempeño del trabajo, por parte del tripulante, de cualquier acto o la omisión intencional o negligencia que pueda poner en peligro su seguridad o la de los miembros de la tripulación, de los pasajeros o de terceras personas, o que dañe, perjudique o ponga en peligro los bienes del patrón o de terceros; y
VIII. El incumplimiento de las obligaciones señaladas en el artículo 237 y la violación de la prohibición consignada en el artículo 242, fracción III.
The Registration Authority, prior to the approval of the internal work regulations, shall obtain the opinion of the Ministry of Communications and Transportation (SCT) so that the provisions of the General Communications Routes Law and its regulations are observed therein.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 245
La Autoridad Registral, previamente a la aprobación del reglamento interior de trabajo, recabará la opinión de la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes a fin de que en el mismo se observen las disposiciones de la Ley de Vías Generales de Comunicaciones y sus reglamentos.
The existence of a collective bargaining agreement covering all the workers shall not prevent the coexistence of another union agreement entered into with a craft union of pilots or flight attendants, if the majority of the workers of the same profession vote in favor of the craft union.
A craft union that affiliates pilots or flight attendants may claim title to an agreement covering all the workers, with respect to the craft it represents. The loss of the majority, declared by the Courts after consulting the workers of the craft in dispute through personal, free, direct and secret vote, results in the loss of title to the collective bargaining agreement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 245 Bis
La existencia de un contrato colectivo de trabajo que abarque a la totalidad de trabajadores no será impedimento para que coexista con otro pacto sindical celebrado con un sindicato gremial de pilotos o sobrecargos, si la mayoría de los trabajadores de la misma profesión manifiestan su voto a favor del sindicato gremial.
El sindicato gremial que afilie pilotos o sobrecargos podrá demandar la titularidad de un contrato que abarque la totalidad de trabajadores, por lo que hace al gremio que represente. La pérdida de la mayoría declarada por los Tribunales, después de consultar a los trabajadores del gremio en disputa mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, produce la de la titularidad del contrato colectivo de trabajo.
CAPITULO V / Trabajo ferrocarrilero
Railroad workers shall be Mexican.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 246
Los trabajadores ferrocarrileros deberán ser mexicanos.
Collective bargaining agreements may determine the personnel in positions of trust, taking into consideration the provisions of Article 9.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 247
En los contratos colectivos se podrá determinar el personal de confianza, tomando en consideración lo dispuesto en el artículo 9o.
Collective bargaining agreements may stipulate that train crew workers provide their services on the basis of one-way or two-way trips.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 248
En los contratos colectivos se podrá estipular que los trabajadores trenistas presten sus servicios sobre la base de viajes en una sola o en dos direcciones.
When a worker is close to meeting the retirement terms determined in the collective bargaining agreements, the employment relationship may only be rescinded for particularly serious causes that make its continuation impossible, in accordance with the provisions contained in the collective bargaining agreements. In the absence of express provisions, the provisions of Article 161 shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 249
Cuando algún trabajador esté próximo a cumplir los términos de jubilación determinados en los contratos colectivos, la relación de trabajo sólo podrá rescindirse por causas particularmente graves que hagan imposible su continuación, de conformidad con las disposiciones contenidas en los contratos colectivos. A falta de disposiciones expresas se estará a lo dispuesto en el artículo 161.
The circumstance that workers, due to force majeure, become isolated from their superiors, if they remain at their posts, is not a cause for rescission of the employment relationships or for loss of rights.
If under the same conditions they abandon them, they shall return to occupy them when the causes that gave rise to the abandonment cease. In these cases, the respective investigations shall first be carried out, with the participation of the representatives of the labor union and of the company, and if they result in liability for the workers concerned, or it is proven that they voluntarily neglected or harmed the interests of the company, they shall be separated from their jobs. The workers who occupied the abandoned posts shall have the category of temporary workers, and when the holders are reinstated they shall continue working in the jobs they previously held or in those that become vacant.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 250
No es causa de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo ni de pérdida de los derechos, la circunstancia de que los trabajadores, por fuerza mayor, queden aislados de sus jefes, si continúan en sus puestos.
Si en las mismas condiciones los abandonan, volverán a ocuparlos al desaparecer las causas que motivaron el abandono. En estos casos, se harán previamente las investigaciones respectivas, con intervención de los representantes del sindicato y de la empresa, y si de ellas resulta responsabilidad a los trabajadores afectados, o se comprueba que voluntariamente descuidaron o perjudicaron los intereses de la empresa, serán separados de sus empleos. Los trabajadores que hayan ocupado los puestos abandonados tendrán la categoría de interinos, y al ser reinstalados los titulares continuarán trabajando en los empleos que tenían con anterioridad o en los que queden vacantes.
Workers who have been separated due to a reduction in personnel or positions, even when they receive the indemnities to which they are legally entitled, shall continue to retain the rights they acquired before their separation to return to their positions, if these are created again, and also to be called to service in the branch of work from which they left, provided that they continue to belong to the labor unions that entered into the collective bargaining agreements.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 251
Los trabajadores que hayan sido separados por reducción de personal o de puestos, aun cuando reciban las indemnizaciones que en derecho procedan, seguirán conservando los derechos que hayan adquirido antes de su separación, para regresar a sus puestos, si éstos vuelven a crearse y también para que se les llame al servicio en el ramo de trabajo de donde salieron, siempre que continúen perteneciendo a los sindicatos que celebraron los contratos colectivos.
The working hours of the workers shall be adjusted to the needs of the service and may begin at any hour of the day or night.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 252
Las jornadas de los trabajadores se ajustarán a las necesidades del servicio y podrán principiar en cualquier hora del día o de la noche.
The setting of different wages for equal work, if it is performed on lines or branch lines of different importance, does not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 253
No es violatorio del principio de igualdad de salario la fijación de salarios distintos para trabajo igual, si éste se presta en líneas o ramales de diversa importancia.
Workers are prohibited from:
I. Consuming intoxicating beverages, and trafficking in them during the performance of their work, on behalf of persons other than the company;
II. Consuming narcotics or enervating drugs, unless there is a medical prescription. Before beginning service, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician; and
III. Trafficking in enervating drugs.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 254
Queda prohibido a los trabajadores:
I. El consumo de bebidas embriagantes, y su tráfico durante el desempeño de sus labores, por cuenta ajena a la empresa;
II. El consumo de narcóticos o drogas enervantes, salvo que exista prescripción médica. Antes de iniciar el servicio, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentarle la prescripción suscrita por el médico; y
III. El tráfico de drogas enervantes.
The following are special causes for rescission of employment relationships:
I. Receiving cargo or passengers outside the places indicated by the company for these purposes; and
II. Refusing to make the contracted trip or interrupting it, without justified cause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 255
Son causas especiales de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. La recepción de carga o pasaje fuera de los lugares señalados por la empresa para estos fines; y
II. La negativa a efectuar el viaje contratado o su interrupción, sin causa justificada.
CAPITULO VI / Trabajo de autotransportes
The relationships between drivers, conductors, operators, fare collectors and other workers who provide services on board public service motor transport, whether passenger, cargo or mixed, intercity or urban, such as buses, trucks, vans or automobiles, and the owners or permit holders of the vehicles, are employment relationships and are subject to the provisions of this chapter.
A stipulation that in any way undermines the provisions of the preceding paragraph has no legal effect and does not prevent the exercise of the rights deriving from the services provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 256
Las relaciones entre los choferes, conductores, operadores, cobradores y demás trabajadores que prestan servicios a bordo de autotransportes de servicio público, de pasajeros, de carga o mixtos, foráneos o urbanos, tales como autobuses, camiones, camionetas o automóviles, y los propietarios o permisionarios de los vehículos, son relaciones de trabajo y quedan sujetas a las disposiciones de este capítulo.
La estipulación que en cualquier forma desvirtúe lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior, no produce ningún efecto legal ni impide el ejercicio de los derechos que deriven de los servicios prestados.
The wage shall be set per day, per trip, per tickets sold or per circuit or kilometers traveled and shall consist of a fixed amount, or a premium on revenues or on the amount exceeding a given revenue, or two or more of these modalities, and may in no case be lower than the minimum wage.
When the wage is set per trip, the workers are entitled to a proportional increase in the event of the extension or delay of the normal duration of the trip for a cause not attributable to them.
Wages may not be reduced if the trip is shortened, whatever the cause.
In urban or circuit transport, the workers are entitled to be paid their wages in cases of interruption of service for causes not attributable to them.
A provision stipulating different wages for equal work, if it is performed on lines or services of different categories, does not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 257
El salario se fijará por día, por viaje, por boletos vendidos o por circuito o kilómetros recorridos y consistirá en una cantidad fija, o en una prima sobre los ingresos o la cantidad que exceda a un ingreso determinado, o en dos o más de estas modalidades, sin que en ningún caso pueda ser inferior al salario mínimo.
Cuando el salario se fije por viaje, los trabajadores tienen derecho a un aumento proporcional en caso de prolongación o retardo del término normal del viaje por causa que no les sea imputable.
Los salarios no podrán reducirse si se abrevia el viaje, cualquiera que sea la causa.
En los transportes urbanos o de circuito, los trabajadores tienen derecho a que se les pague el salario en los casos de interrupción del servicio, por causas que no les sean imputables.
No es violatoria del principio de igualdad de salario la disposición que estipula salarios distintos para trabajo igual, si éste se presta en líneas o servicios de diversa categoría.
To determine the wage for rest days, the wage received for the work performed during the week shall be increased by sixteen point sixty-six percent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 258
Para determinar el salario de los días de descanso se aumentará el que perciban por el trabajo realizado en la semana, con un dieciséis sesenta y seis por ciento.
To determine the amount of the wage for vacation days and of the indemnities, the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 89 shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 259
Para determinar el monto del salario de los días de vacaciones y de las indemnizaciones, se estará a lo dispuesto en el párrafo segundo del artículo 89.
The owner of the vehicle and the concession holder or permit holder are jointly and severally liable for the obligations deriving from the employment relationships and from the law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 260
El propietario del vehículo y el concesionario o permisionario son solidariamente responsables de las obligaciones derivadas de las relaciones de trabajo y de la ley.
Workers are prohibited from:
I. Using alcoholic beverages during the provision of service and in the twelve hours prior to its start;
II. Using narcotics or enervating drugs during or outside their working hours, without a medical prescription. Before beginning service, the worker shall inform the employer of the fact and present the prescription signed by the physician; and
III. Receiving cargo or passengers outside the places indicated by the company for those purposes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 261
Queda prohibido a los trabajadores:
I. El uso de bebidas alcohólicas durante la prestación del servicio y en las doce horas anteriores a su iniciación;
II. Usar narcóticos o drogas enervantes dentro o fuera de sus horas de trabajo, sin prescripción médica. Antes de iniciar el servicio, el trabajador deberá poner el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y presentarle la prescripción suscrita por el médico; y
III. Recibir carga o pasaje fuera de los lugares señalados por la empresa para esos fines.
Workers have the following special obligations:
I. To treat passengers with courtesy and care and cargo with caution;
II. To submit to the periodic medical examinations provided for by the laws and other labor standards;
III. To look after the proper operation of the vehicles and to inform the employer of any defect they observe;
IV. To make, during the trip, the emergency repairs permitted by their knowledge and the tools and spare parts available to them. If it is not possible to make the repairs, but the vehicle can continue running, to drive it to the nearest town or to the place designated for its repair; and
V. To observe the traffic regulations and the technical instructions issued by the authorities or the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 262
Los trabajadores tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Tratar al pasaje con cortesía y esmero y a la carga con precaución;
II. Someterse a los exámenes médicos periódicos que prevengan las leyes y demás normas de trabajo;
III. Cuidar el buen funcionamiento de los vehículos e informar al patrón de cualquier desperfecto que observen;
IV. Hacer durante el viaje las reparaciones de emergencia que permitan sus conocimientos, la herramienta y las refacciones de que dispongan. Si no es posible hacer las reparaciones, pero el vehículo puede continuar circulando, conducirlo hasta el poblado más próximo o hasta el lugar señalado para su reparación; y
V. Observar los reglamentos de tránsito y las indicaciones técnicas que dicten las autoridades o el patrón.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. In intercity transport, to pay the lodging and meal expenses of the workers when the trip is extended or delayed for a cause not attributable to them;
II. To make the repairs to guarantee the proper operation of the vehicle and the safety of the workers, users and the general public;
III. To equip the vehicles with the tools and spare parts indispensable for emergency repairs; and
IV. To observe the provisions of the Traffic Regulations on the operating and safety conditions of vehicles.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 263
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. En los transportes foráneos pagar los gastos de hospedaje y alimentación de los trabajadores, cuando se prolongue o retarde el viaje por causa que no sea imputable a éstos;
II. Hacer las reparaciones para garantizar el buen funcionamiento del vehículo y la seguridad de los trabajadores, usuarios y público en general;
III. Dotar a los vehículos de la herramienta y refacciones indispensables para las reparaciones de emergencia; y
IV. Observar las disposiciones de los Reglamentos de Tránsito sobre condiciones de funcionamiento y seguridad de los vehículos.
The following are special causes for rescission of employment relationships:
I. Refusal to make the contracted trip or its interruption without justified cause. The circumstance that the vehicle does not meet the safety conditions indispensable to guarantee the lives of the workers, users and the general public shall in all cases be considered justified cause; and
II. A significant and repeated decrease in the volume of revenues, unless there are justified circumstances.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 264
Son causas especiales de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. La negativa a efectuar el viaje contratado o su interrupción sin causa justificada. Será considerada en todo caso causa justificada la circunstancia de que el vehículo no reúna las condiciones de seguridad indispensables para garantizar la vida de los trabajadores, usuarios y del público en general; y
II. La disminución importante y reiterada del volumen de ingresos, salvo que concurran circunstancias justificadas.
CAPITULO VII / Trabajo de maniobras de servicio público en zonas bajo jurisdicción federal
The provisions of this chapter apply to public service handling work consisting of the loading, unloading, stowing, unstowing, lightering, checking, piloting, mooring, hauling, storage and transshipment of cargo and baggage, carried out on board ships or on land, in ports, navigable waterways, railroad stations and other zones under federal jurisdiction, to work carried out on pilot boats, and to complementary or related work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 265
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican al trabajo de maniobras de servicio público de carga, descarga, estiba, desestiba, alijo, chequeo, pilotaje o practicaje, amarre, acarreo, almacenaje y transbordo de carga y equipaje, que se efectúe a bordo de buques o en tierra, en los puertos, vías navegables, estaciones de ferrocarril y demás zonas bajo jurisdicción federal, al que se desarrolle en lanchas para prácticos, y a los trabajos complementarios o conexos.
Collective bargaining agreements shall determine the handling operations covered by them, distinguishing them from those corresponding to other workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 266
En los contratos colectivos se determinarán las maniobras objeto de los mismos, distinguiéndose de las que correspondan a otros trabajadores.
The work of persons under eighteen years of age may not be used.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 267
No podrá utilizarse el trabajo de los menores de dieciocho años.
Employers are shipping companies and handling companies, shipowners and charterers, consignees, customs brokers and other persons who order the work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 268
Son patrones las empresas navieras y las de maniobras, los armadores y fletadores, los consignatarios, los agentes aduanales, y demás personas que ordenen los trabajos.
The persons referred to in the preceding article who jointly order the work covered by this chapter are jointly and severally liable for the wages and indemnities corresponding to the workers for the work performed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 269
Las personas a que se refiere el artículo anterior, que en forma conjunta ordenen los trabajos comprendidos en este capítulo, son solidariamente responsables por los salarios e indemnizaciones que correspondan a los trabajadores, por los trabajos realizados.
The wage may be set per unit of time, per unit of work, by the weight of the packages or in any other manner.
If several workers participate in a handling operation, the wage shall be distributed among them according to their categories and in the proportion in which they participate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 270
El salario puede fijarse por unidad de tiempo, por unidad de obra, por peso de los bultos o de cualquiera otra manera.
Si intervienen varios trabajadores en una maniobra, el salario se distribuirá entre ellos de conformidad con sus categorías y en la proporción en que participen.
The wage shall be paid directly to the worker, in accordance with the provisions of Article 100.
Payment made to organizations, whatever their nature, or to intermediaries, for them in turn to pay the workers, does not release the employers from liability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 271
El salario se pagará directamente al trabajador, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 100.
El pago hecho a organizaciones, cualquiera que sea su naturaleza, o a intermediarios, para que a su vez hagan el pago a los trabajadores, no libera de responsabilidad a los patrones.
Workers are entitled to have the daily wage increased by sixteen point sixty-six percent as wages for the rest day.
Likewise, the daily wage shall be increased, in the corresponding proportion, for the payment of vacation.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 272
Los trabajadores tienen derecho a que el salario diario se aumente en un dieciséis sesenta y seis por ciento como salario del día de descanso.
Asimismo, se aumentará el salario diario, en la proporción que corresponda, para el pago de vacaciones.
In determining the seniority of the workers and the order in which their services are to be used, the following rules shall be observed:
I. Seniority shall be calculated from the date on which the worker began to provide services to the employer;
II. Collective bargaining agreements may establish the seniority of each worker. A dissatisfied worker may request the Court to rectify his or her seniority. If there are no collective bargaining agreements or they lack such determination, seniority shall be set in accordance with the provisions of Article 158, and
III. The distribution of work shall be made in accordance with the seniority corresponding to each worker. Collective bargaining agreements shall determine the modalities deemed appropriate for the distribution of work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 273
En la determinación de la antigüedad de los trabajadores, y del orden en que deben ser utilizados sus servicios, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. La antigüedad se computará a partir de la fecha en que principió el trabajador a prestar sus servicios al patrón;
II. En los contratos colectivos podrá establecerse la antigüedad de cada trabajador. El trabajador inconforme podrá solicitar al Tribunal que rectifique su antigüedad. Si no existen contratos colectivos o falta en ellos la determinación, la antigüedad se fijará de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 158, y
III. La distribución del trabajo se hará de conformidad con la antigüedad que corresponda a cada trabajador. En los contratos colectivos se determinarán las modalidades que se estime conveniente para la distribución del trabajo.
Labor unions shall provide employers with a detailed list containing the name and category of the workers who are to perform the handling operations in each case.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 274
Los sindicatos proporcionarán a los patrones una lista pormenorizada que contenga el nombre y la categoría de los trabajadores que deben realizar las maniobras, en cada caso.
Workers may not have themselves replaced in the provision of the service. If this prohibition is breached, the substitute is entitled to be paid the entire wage corresponding to the work performed and to have payment made in accordance with the provisions of Article 100.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 275
Los trabajadores no pueden hacerse substituir en la prestación del servicio. Si se quebranta esta prohibición, el substituto tiene derecho a que se le pague la totalidad del salario que corresponda al trabajo desempeñado y a que el pago se haga de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 100.
For the payment of indemnities in cases of occupational risks, the following rules shall be observed:
I. If the risk produces disability, payment shall be made in accordance with the provisions of Article 483;
II. The employer under whose authority the work was performed shall be liable for occupational accidents; and
III. In the case of occupational illnesses, each employer that has used the services of the worker for at least 90 days in the three years prior to the date on which the degree of disability for work is determined shall contribute in proportion to its use of the services.
The worker may bring the action for payment of the indemnity against any of the employers referred to in the preceding paragraph, but the defendant may join the others to the proceeding or seek recovery from them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 276
Para el pago de indemnizaciones en los casos de riesgos de trabajo, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si el riesgo produce incapacidad, el pago se hará de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 483;
II. El patrón bajo cuya autoridad se prestó el trabajo, será responsable de los accidentes de trabajo; y
III. Si se trata de enfermedades de trabajo, cada patrón que hubiese utilizado los servicios del trabajador durante 90 días, por lo menos, en los tres años anteriores a la fecha en que se determine el grado de incapacidad para el trabajo, contribuirá en la proporción en que hubiese utilizado los servicios.
El trabajador podrá ejercitar la acción de pago de la indemnización contra cualquiera de los patrones a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, pero el demandado podrá llamar a juicio a los demás o repetir contra ellos.
Collective bargaining agreements may stipulate that employers pay a percentage of wages in order to constitute a fund for retirement pensions or for invalidity pensions not resulting from an occupational risk. The requirements for granting the pensions shall be determined in the union bylaws or in special regulations approved by the assembly.
The corresponding amounts shall be delivered by the employers to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and, if it does not accept them, to the banking institution indicated in the collective bargaining agreement. The institution shall pay the pensions with the prior approval of the Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 277
En los contratos colectivos podrá estipularse que los patrones cubran un porcentaje sobre los salarios, a fin de que se constituya un fondo de pensiones de jubilación o de invalidez que no sea consecuencia de un riesgo de trabajo. En los estatutos del sindicato o en un reglamento especial aprobado por la asamblea, se determinarán los requisitos para el otorgamiento de las pensiones.
Las cantidades correspondientes se entregarán por los patrones al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social y en caso de que éste no acepte, a la institución bancaria que se señale en el contrato colectivo. La institución cubrirá las pensiones previa aprobación del Tribunal.
Collective bargaining agreements may stipulate the constitution of a fund allocated to the payment of liabilities for losses or damage. The corresponding amount shall be delivered to the national banking institution indicated in the collective bargaining agreement, which shall make the corresponding payments by agreement between the labor union and the employer, or by resolution of the Court.
Once the amount of the fund has been reached, no new contributions shall be made, except to replace the amounts paid.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 278
En los contratos colectivos podrá estipularse la constitución de un fondo afecto al pago de responsabilidades por concepto de pérdidas o averías. La cantidad correspondiente se entregará a la institución bancaria nacional que se señale en el contrato colectivo, la que cubrirá los pagos correspondientes por convenio entre el sindicato y el patrón, o mediante resolución del Tribunal.
Alcanzado el monto del fondo, no se harán nuevas aportaciones, salvo para reponer las cantidades que se paguen.
CAPITULO VIII / Personas Trabajadoras del Campo
Farm workers are individuals who perform work aimed at obtaining food or primary products through the performance of various agricultural, horticultural, livestock, forestry, aquaculture, poultry, beekeeping or other similar tasks, provided that these are not subjected to any type of industrial process and insofar as they are carried out in rural settings.
Persons who work in agricultural, horticultural, livestock, forestry, aquaculture, poultry, beekeeping or other similar companies that acquire products from rural areas to carry out packing, repacking, display or sale activities, or for their transformation through any process that modifies their natural state, shall not be considered farm workers.
Farm workers may be permanent or temporary.
All farm workers, whatever the hiring modality, are entitled to access social security.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 279
Personas trabajadoras del campo son las personas físicas que realizan labores dirigidas a la obtención de alimentos o productos primarios a través de la realización de diversas tareas agrícolas, hortícolas, ganaderas, forestales, acuícolas, avícolas, apícolas u otras semejantes, siempre que éstas no sean sometidas a algún tipo de proceso industrial y en tanto se desarrollen en ámbitos rurales.
No se considerarán personas trabajadoras del campo quienes laboren en empresas agrícolas, hortícolas, ganaderas, forestales, acuícolas, avícolas, apícolas u otras semejantes que adquieran productos de medio rural, para realizar actividades de empaque, reempaque, exposición, venta o para su transformación a través de algún proceso que modifique su estado natural.
Las personas trabajadoras del campo podrán ser permanentes o temporales.
Todas las personas trabajadoras del campo, cualquiera que sea la modalidad de contratación, tienen derecho a acceder a la seguridad social.
A farm worker is one hired for an indefinite term, or whose provision of services is continuous.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 279 Bis
Persona trabajadora del campo es aquella contratada por tiempo indeterminado, o la prestación de sus servicios es de forma continua.
A temporary farm worker is a person hired for a specific work, a fixed term or by season, according to the nature or needs of the activities covered by this Chapter.
This work scheme includes farm workers known as seasonal, casual, day laborers and migrant day laborers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 279 Ter
La persona trabajadora del campo temporal es aquella persona que es contratada por obra, tiempo determinado o por temporada, conforme a la naturaleza o necesidades propias de las actividades comprendidas dentro de este Capítulo.
Este esquema de trabajo comprende las personas trabajadoras del campo denominados estacionales, eventuales, jornaleras y jornaleras migrantes.
The employer shall keep a special registry of temporary farm workers to record the accumulation of contracted time, in order to establish seniority at work and, based on the sum thereof, calculate the benefits and rights deriving from the accumulated working time.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 279 Quáter
La persona empleadora deberá llevar un padrón especial de las personas trabajadoras del campo temporales para registrar la acumulación del tiempo contratado, a fin de establecer la antigüedad en el trabajo y, con base en la suma de éste, calcular las prestaciones y derechos derivados del tiempo sumado de trabajo.
A temporary farm worker who works continuously for a period longer than twenty-seven weeks for one or more employers has in his or her favor the presumption of being a permanent farm worker.
The employer shall keep a special record of the temporary farm workers it hires each year and present it to the labor authorities when required to do so.
At the end of the work, the fixed term or the season, the employer shall pay the farm worker the corresponding proportional parts of vacation, vacation premium, year-end bonus (aguinaldo) and any other benefit to which he or she is entitled, and shall deliver to each farm worker a certificate indicating the days worked and the total wages earned, the seniority accumulated up to that date, as well as the withholdings and contributions for social security.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 280
La persona trabajadora temporal del campo que labore en forma continua por un periodo mayor a veintisiete semanas para una o varias personas empleadoras, tiene a su favor la presunción de ser persona trabajadora del campo permanente.
La persona empleadora deberá llevar un registro especial de las personas trabajadoras del campo temporales que contrate cada año y exhibirlo ante las autoridades del trabajo cuando sea requerido para ello.
Al final de la obra, el tiempo determinado o la temporada, la persona empleadora deberá pagar a la persona trabajadora del campo las partes proporcionales que correspondan por concepto de vacaciones, prima vacacional, aguinaldo y cualquier otra prestación a la que tenga derecho, y deberá entregar una constancia a cada persona trabajadora del campo en la que se señalen los días laborados y los salarios totales devengados, la antigüedad acumulada hasta esa fecha, así como las retenciones y aportaciones por concepto de seguridad social.
The National Minimum Wage Commission shall set the professional minimum wages of farm workers, taking into consideration, among others, the following circumstances:
I. The essential nature of the work for the food security and sovereignty of the country, as well as its quantity and quality;
II. The physical wear and tear caused by the working conditions, and
III. The wages and benefits received by the farm workers of establishments and companies engaged in the production of products in the activities referred to in this Chapter, where the farm workers are sufficiently organized.
The employer may agree with the farm worker on remuneration higher than the professional minimum wage provided that the maximum legal working hours are not exceeded.
When the wage is determined per unit of work, the employer shall be obligated to guarantee the provision of work in an adequate quantity and to be liable for the elimination or reduction of the work; in these cases the employer shall guarantee the payment of at least the professional minimum wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 280 Bis
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos fijará los salarios mínimos profesionales de las personas trabajadoras del campo, debiendo tomar en consideración, entre otras, las circunstancias siguientes:
I. La naturaleza esencial de los trabajos para la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria del país, así como la cantidad y calidad de éstos;
II. El desgate físico ocasionado por las condiciones del trabajo, y
III. Los salarios y prestaciones percibidas por las personas trabajadoras del campo de establecimientos y empresas dedicadas a la producción de productos en las actividades a que se refiere este Capítulo, donde las personas trabajadoras del campo estén suficientemente organizadas.
La persona empleadora podrá convenir con la persona trabajadora del campo una retribución superior al salario mínimo profesional siempre que no se exceda la jornada máxima legal.
Cuando el salario se determine por unidad de obra, la persona empleadora estará obligada a garantizar la dación de trabajo en cantidad adecuada y a responder por la supresión o reducción del trabajo, en estos casos la persona empleadora garantizará el pago de por lo menos el salario mínimo profesional.
When there are lease contracts, the owner of the land is jointly and severally liable with the lessee if the latter does not have sufficient resources of its own to meet the obligations deriving from the relationships with its workers.
If there are sharecropping contracts, the owner of the land and the sharecropper shall be jointly and severally liable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 281
Cuando existan contratos de arrendamiento, el propietario del predio es solidariamente responsable con el arrendatario, si este no dispone de elementos propios suficientes para cumplir las obligaciones que deriven de las relaciones con sus trabajadores.
Si existieren contratos de aparcería, el propietario del predio y el aparcero serán solidariamente responsables.
Farm work shall be established through a written contract whenever a person undertakes to another to perform acts, carry out works or provide services in the activities referred to in this Chapter, in a subordinate manner and in exchange for the payment of a wage.
The working conditions shall be recorded in that contract, observing the provisions of Article 25 and those indicated in this Chapter. In addition, those working conditions shall establish the agreed mechanisms for informing farm workers about the labor authorities and social services to which they may turn when the farm worker considers that his or her rights have been impaired, in order to exercise the appropriate legal action.
All farm workers shall have a copy of the employment contract. The absence of the written employment contract does not deprive farm workers of the rights deriving from the services provided, and the lack of that formality shall be attributable to the employer.
Employers of specialized services that take part in the personnel hiring process through recruitment and selection shall not be considered employers; that status belongs to whoever benefits from the services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 282
El trabajo del campo deberá fijarse mediante contrato por escrito, siempre que una persona se obligue frente a otra a realizar actos, ejecutar obras o prestar servicios en las actividades a que se refiere este Capítulo, de manera subordinada y mediante el pago de un salario.
Las condiciones de trabajo deberán constar en dicho contrato, observándose lo dispuesto en el artículo 25 y lo señalado en este Capítulo. Además, dichas condiciones de trabajo establecerán los mecanismos acordados para informar a las personas trabajadoras del campo acerca de las autoridades del trabajo y servicios sociales a las que se podrán acudir cuando la persona trabajadora del campo considere que sus derechos han sido menoscabados, a fin de ejercer la acción legal conducente.
Todas las personas trabajadoras del campo deberán contar con un ejemplar del contrato de trabajo. La falta del escrito del contrato de trabajo no priva a las personas trabajadoras del campo de los derechos que deriven por los servicios prestados, y será imputable a la persona empleadora la falta de esa formalidad.
Las personas empleadoras de servicios especializados que intervienen en el proceso de contratación de personal a través del reclutamiento y selección no se considerarán personas empleadoras, este carácter lo tiene quien se beneficia de los servicios.
With regard to safety and health, employers have the following special obligations:
I. To pay wages precisely at the place where the worker provides his or her services and in periods of time not exceeding one week;
II. To provide housing free of charge to farm workers and, as the case may be, to their family or economic dependents who accompany them. Such housing shall meet the minimum construction, safety and hygiene requirements that guarantee an adequate standard of habitability in dignified conditions. In all cases the housing shall have a solid floor, drinking water, toilets, showers, laundry facilities and dining rooms. As the case may be, to provide an individual or collective plot for raising barnyard animals;
III. To keep the housing in dignified and habitable condition, making, as the case may be, the necessary and appropriate repairs;
IV. To provide farm workers, during the working day, with healthy, sufficient and varied food; water fit for human consumption and use, in sufficient quantity; and adequate sanitary facilities, separate for each sex, in sufficient quantity and proportional to the number of persons;
V. To keep at the workplace the medicines and healing material, as well as the necessary antidotes, in order to provide first aid to the workers and to their family members or economic dependents who accompany them, as well as to train personnel to provide it;
VI. To transport farm workers and their family members who accompany them to the medical services of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). In places where the Institute does not have facilities, the employer shall provide medical assistance free of charge. They shall also have the obligations referred to in Article 504, section II;
VII. To provide free of charge to the farm worker and to his or her family members or economic dependents who accompany him or her medicines and healing material in cases of tropical, endemic and region-specific diseases, and to pay farm workers who become disabled seventy-five percent of their wages for up to ninety days. Temporary farm workers shall enjoy this benefit for as long as the employment relationship lasts.
Farm workers who are migrant day laborers shall also have life insurance for their travel from their homes of origin to the workplaces and subsequently for their return;
VIII. (Repealed.)
IX. To promote the creation of consumer cooperatives among the workers;
X. To promote education among farm workers and their family members. In the case of farm workers, education with cultural and linguistic relevance for adults shall be promoted through the various types and modalities of study in order to eradicate educational lag and illiteracy. In the case of the children of farm workers, compulsory education shall be promoted.
When the activities referred to in this Chapter are located outside towns, the employer shall establish and maintain schools in accordance with the provisions of Article 82 of the General Education Law.
The educational authorities of the states (federal entities) may enter into agreements with employers for the fulfillment of that obligation.
When the activities referred to in this Chapter are located near or in towns, the State shall guarantee at all times access to compulsory education for the sons and daughters of migrant farm workers in schools with adequate physical conditions and equipment, as well as with teaching staff with the appropriate professional profile, making it possible to provide education with equity, inclusion, and cultural and linguistic relevance.
The educational authorities shall recognize the studies that the sons and daughters of farm workers carry out, in the same school cycle, both in their places of origin and at their parents' workplaces. Likewise, the educational authorities shall define follow-up mechanisms to ensure the continuity of their studies in their communities of origin and at the workplaces.
In all cases, the education provided shall respond to the linguistic, regional and sociocultural diversity of the country, in addition to the characteristics and needs of this sector of the population, and shall therefore be intercultural and multilingual;
XI. To provide workers free of charge with comfortable and safe transportation from the residential areas to the workplaces and vice versa. The employer may use its own means or pay for the service so that the worker can use adequate public transportation;
If the farm worker is hired to reside temporarily at the workplace, in a place other than his or her habitual residence, the employer shall be responsible for the safe and comfortable transfer of the worker, his or her family group and the belongings of all of them, from the place of hiring to the place of performance of the contract when the relationship begins and back when the relationship ends;
XII. To use the services of an interpreter when the workers do not speak Spanish; and
XIII. To provide day-care services to the sons and daughters of farm workers throughout the working day, regardless of the hiring scheme.
In places where the Mexican Social Security Institute does not have facilities, the employer shall set up spaces with safe and hygienic facilities and furniture, and shall have personnel trained and authorized by the competent authorities.
This service shall serve children who have not yet reached school age and also, in the opposite shift, those who attend school, until the working day of the farm workers in whose care they are has been covered;
XIV. To train and instruct on the correct use of personal protective equipment when the farm worker must perform tasks that are dangerous to his or her health. That training shall be given in the indigenous language or in the language of the worker.
The foregoing shall also apply when the work entails carrying out processes with or handling agrochemicals or toxic, irritant or aggressive substances in any of their forms;
XV. To provide safety and personal protective equipment when its use is necessary due to the operation of the work itself and when the farm worker performs tasks outdoors, in case of rain, flooded land or other similar situations.
In the case of activities that entail the handling of agrochemicals or any other hazardous chemical substance, including the washing of equipment, containers and work clothing, the personal protective equipment indicated on the label or safety data sheet shall be provided, its correct use shall be supervised, and the equipment shall be kept in safe operating condition;
XVI. To enforce rest periods, breaks and limits on the duration of the working day and to adopt the measures that, according to the type of work, experience and technique, are necessary to protect the physical integrity and dignity of farm workers, avoiding the harmful effects of risky tasks or tasks that cause premature aging or exhaustion;
XVII. In the handling of hazardous chemical or biological substances, their waste or the containers holding them:
a) To apply only agrochemicals with a current Sanitary Registration of Pesticides and Plant Nutrients, not expired, in the recommended doses and without mixing incompatible products, as established on the labels;
b) To verify that all containers holding agrochemicals bear the original label, and to have printed safety data sheets for each of the agrochemicals and chemical substances used;
c) To mark the areas for the storage, handling, mixing or filling of chemical or biological substances, as well as of the containers that have held such substances, and
d) To observe the other provisions in accordance with the applicable legal provisions;
XVIII. To fully identify in writing the possible hazards deriving from the activities and from the places where they are carried out; for this purpose, at least the following aspects shall be considered:
a) Exposure to agrochemicals or any other hazardous chemical substance;
b) The operation, handling, inspection, transport or maintenance of tractors, agricultural machinery, equipment, vehicles and tools;
c) Work at heights and in confined spaces, including silos and storage tanks for agricultural products;
d) Manual handling of loads and other ergonomic risk factors;
e) Exposure to noise, vibrations and solar radiation;
f) Exposure to dust generated in activities such as plowing the land, the production of various grains, legumes and other agricultural products, and the packing and transport of crops;
g) Biological hazards, such as harmful flora and fauna, as well as the risk of contracting diseases through stings or bites of insects or animals that transmit them;
h) Extreme environmental conditions, as well as exposure to lightning;
i) The generation of static electricity and the risk of fire and/or explosion in silos and storage tanks for agricultural products, and
j) Psychosocial risk factors that could affect farm workers;
XIX. To observe the applicable provisions of the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on occupational safety and health, especially in the case of women, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and the prohibition on exposing minors to health risks.
The worker may refuse to perform the work, without this causing any loss or reduction of wages, when there is an imminent danger of harm to his or her safety and health.
The Mexican Social Security Institute may enter into agreements with employers for the fulfillment of the obligations indicated in sections VI, VII, first paragraph, and XIII of this article, in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Social Security Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 283
En materia de seguridad y salud, las personas empleadoras tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Pagar los salarios precisamente en el lugar donde preste el trabajador sus servicios y en períodos de tiempo que no excedan de una semana;
II. Proveer gratuitamente habitaciones a las personas trabajadoras del campo y, en su caso, a su familia o dependientes económicos que lo acompañen. Dichas habitaciones deberán cumplir con los requerimientos mínimos de construcción, seguridad e higiene que garanticen un adecuado estándar de habitabilidad en condiciones dignas. En todos los casos las habitaciones deberán contar con piso firme, agua potable, baños, regaderas, lavaderos y comedores. En su caso, proveer de un predio individual o colectivo para la cría de animales de corral;
III. Mantener las habitaciones en condiciones dignas y de habitabilidad, haciendo, en su caso, las reparaciones necesarias y convenientes;
IV. Proporcionar a las personas trabajadoras del campo, durante la jornada de trabajo, alimentación sana, suficiente y variada; agua apta para consumo y uso humano, en cantidad suficiente y servicios sanitarios adecuados e independientes a cada sexo, en cantidad suficiente y proporcional al número de personas;
V. Mantener en el lugar de trabajo los medicamentos y material de curación, así como los antídotos necesarios, a fin de proporcionar primeros auxilios a los trabajadores, a sus familiares o dependientes económicos que los acompañen, así como adiestrar personal que los preste;
VI. Trasladar a las personas trabajadoras del campo y a sus familiares que los acompañen a los servicios médicos del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. En aquellos lugares donde el Instituto no cuente con instalaciones, la persona empleadora deberá proporcionar gratuitamente asistencia médica. También tendrán las obligaciones a que se refiere el artículo 504, fracción II;
VII. Proporcionar gratuitamente a la persona trabajadora del campo, a sus familiares o dependientes económicos que los acompañen medicamentos y material de curación en los casos de enfermedades tropicales, endémicas y propias de la región y pagar a las personas trabajadoras del campo que resulten incapacitados, el setenta y cinco por ciento de los salarios hasta por noventa días. Las personas trabajadoras del campo temporales disfrutarán de esta prestación por el tiempo que dure la relación laboral.
Las personas trabajadoras del campo que sean jornaleros migrantes también deberán contar con un seguro de vida para sus traslados desde sus hogares de origen a los centros de trabajo y posteriormente a su retorno;
VIII. Derogada
IX. Fomentar la creación de cooperativas de consumo entre los trabajadores;
X. Fomentar la educación entre las personas trabajadoras del campo y sus familiares. En el caso de las personas trabajadoras del campo se deberá fomentar la educación con pertinencia cultural y lingüística para personas adultas a través de los diversos tipos y modalidades de estudio para erradicar el rezago educativo y el analfabetismo. En el caso de los hijos de las personas trabajadoras del campo se deberá fomentar la educación obligatoria.
Cuando las actividades a que se refiere este Capítulo se sitúen fuera de las poblaciones, la persona empleadora deberá establecer y sostener escuelas de conformidad con lo previsto en el artículo 82 de la Ley General de Educación.
Las autoridades educativas de las entidades federativas podrán celebrar con las personas empleadoras, convenios para el cumplimiento de dicha obligación.
Cuando las actividades a que se refiere este Capítulo se sitúen cerca o en las poblaciones, el Estado garantizará en todo momento, el acceso a la educación obligatoria de los hijos e hijas de las personas trabajadoras del campo migrantes en escuelas con condiciones físicas y de equipamiento, así como con personal docente con el perfil profesional adecuado que permita proporcionar educación con equidad, inclusión, pertinencia cultural y lingüística.
Las autoridades educativas reconocerán los estudios que, en un mismo ciclo escolar, realicen los hijos e hijas de las personas trabajadoras del campo tanto en sus lugares de origen como en sus centros de trabajo. Asimismo, las autoridades educativas definirán mecanismos de seguimiento que aseguren la continuidad de los estudios en sus comunidades de origen y en los centros de trabajo.
En todo caso, la educación que se brinde responderá a la diversidad lingüística, regional y sociocultural del país, además de las características y necesidades de este sector de la población por lo que deberá ser de carácter intercultural y plurilingüe;
XI. Proporcionar a los trabajadores en forma gratuita, transporte cómodo y seguro de las zonas habitacionales a los lugares de trabajo y viceversa. El patrón podrá emplear sus propios medios o pagar el servicio para que el trabajador haga uso de un trasporte público adecuado;
Si la persona trabajadora del campo fuere contratada para residir temporalmente en el centro de trabajo, en un lugar distinto donde tiene su residencia habitual, la persona empleadora tendrá a su cargo el traslado seguro y cómodo de aquélla, el de su grupo familiar y las pertenencias de todos ellos, desde el lugar de contratación al de ejecución del contrato cuando se iniciare la relación y de regreso al terminarse el vínculo;
XII. Utilizar los servicios de un intérprete cuando los trabajadores no hablen español; y
XIII. Brindar servicios de guardería a los hijos e hijas de las personas trabajadoras del campo, durante todo el tiempo que dure la jornada laboral, independientemente del esquema de contratación.
En aquellos lugares donde el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social no cuente con instalaciones, la persona empleadora deberá habilitar espacios con instalaciones y mobiliario seguros e higiénicos, así como contar con personal capacitado y autorizado por las autoridades competentes.
Este servicio deberá atender a los niños y niñas que aún no han cumplido la edad escolar y también, en contra turno, a los que asisten a la escuela hasta cubrir la jornada laboral de las personas trabajadoras del campo a cuyo cargo se encuentren;
XIV. Capacitar y adiestrar sobre el uso correcto del equipo de protección personal cuando la persona trabajadora del campo debiere realizar tareas peligrosas para su salud. Dicha capacitación deberá realizarse en la lengua indígena o en el idioma de la persona trabajadora.
Lo anterior también será aplicable cuando el trabajo implique la realización de procesos o manipulación de agroquímicos, sustancias tóxicas, irritantes o agresivas en cualquiera de sus formas;
XV. Proveer el equipo de seguridad y de protección personal cuando por la operación propia del trabajo, fuere necesario su uso y cuando la persona trabajadora del campo realizare tareas a la intemperie, en caso de lluvia, terrenos anegados u otras situaciones similares.
En el caso de actividades que impliquen el manejo de agroquímicos o cualquier otra sustancia química peligrosa, incluyendo el lavado de los equipos, envases y de la ropa de trabajo, deberá proporcionarse el equipo de protección personal indicado en la etiqueta u hoja de seguridad, además de supervisar su uso correcto, y mantener el equipo en condiciones de funcionamiento seguro;
XVI. Hacer observar el descanso, pausas y limitaciones a la duración de la jornada y adoptar las medidas que, según el tipo de trabajo, la experiencia y la técnica sean necesarias para tutelar la integridad física y la dignidad de las personas trabajadoras del campo, debiendo evitar los efectos perniciosos de las tareas riesgosas o determinantes de vejez o agotamiento prematuro;
XVII. En el manejo de sustancias peligrosas químicas o biológicas, sus residuos o envases que los contengan:
a) Aplicar únicamente agroquímicos con Registro Sanitario de Plaguicidas y Nutrientes Vegetales vigente, no caducos, en las dosis recomendadas y sin mezclar productos incompatibles, según lo establecido en las etiquetas;
b) Verificar que todos los envases que contienen agroquímicos cuenten con la etiqueta original, y contar con las hojas de datos de seguridad impresas de cada uno de los agroquímicos y sustancias químicas que se utilicen;
c) Señalizar las áreas de almacenamiento, manejo, de mezclado o llenado de sustancias químicas o biológicas, así como de los envases que hubieran contenido dichas sustancias, y
d) Observar las demás disposiciones de conformidad con las disposiciones legales aplicables;
XVIII. Identificar plenamente por escrito los posibles peligros derivados de las actividades y de lugares en que se llevan a cabo éstas, para ello, se deberá considerar, al menos, los aspectos siguientes:
a) La exposición a agroquímicos o cualquier otra sustancia química peligrosa;
b) La operación, manejo, revisión, transporte o mantenimiento de tractores, maquinaria agrícola, equipos, vehículos y herramientas;
c) Los trabajos en alturas y espacios confinados, incluyendo silos y tanques de almacenamiento de productos agrícolas;
d) El manejo manual de cargas y otros factores de riesgo ergonómico;
e) La exposición a ruido, vibraciones y radiación solar;
f) La exposición a polvos generados en actividades como el arado de la tierra, la producción de diversos granos, legumbres y otros productos agrícolas; el envasado y traslado de los cultivos;
g) Los peligros biológicos, tales como flora y fauna nociva, así como riesgo de contraer enfermedades por picadura o mordedura de insectos o animales transmisores de éstas;
h) Las condiciones ambientales extremas, así como exposición a descargas eléctricas atmosféricas;
i) La generación de electricidad estática y el riesgo de incendio y/o explosión en silos y tanques de almacenamiento de productos agrícolas, y
j) Los factores de riesgo psicosocial que pudieran afectar a las personas trabajadoras del campo;
XIX. Observar las disposiciones aplicables de las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, especialmente, en el caso de las mujeres, mujeres embarazadas o en lactancia y la prohibición de exponer a las personas menores de edad a riesgos para la salud.
La persona trabajadora podrá rehusarse a la prestación del trabajo, sin que ello le ocasione pérdida o disminución del salario, cuando exista peligro inminente de daño para su seguridad y su salud.
El Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social podrá celebrar convenio con las personas empleadoras para el cumplimiento de las obligaciones señaladas en las fracciones VI, VII, primer párrafo, y XIII del presente artículo, conforme a las disposiciones aplicables de la Ley del Seguro Social.
Farm workers are entitled to be trained in the programs implemented for the development of their aptitudes and knowledge whose purpose is a progressive improvement of the working conditions in the productive activity in which they work.
The employer shall guarantee farm workers equitable access to the training or labor competence certification schemes it implements, regardless of their gender, indigenous language, category or any other parameter. The actions deriving from these schemes shall be carried out during or outside working hours, according to their characteristics and implementation. If carried out during working hours, the time during which the farm workers attend activities shall be considered working time for all purposes.
The employer shall recognize the specialty of farm workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 283 Bis
Las personas trabajadoras del campo tienen derecho a capacitarse en los programas que se implementen para el desarrollo de sus aptitudes y conocimientos y que tengan como propósito una progresiva mejora de las condiciones de trabajo en la actividad productiva en la que laboran.
La persona empleadora deberá garantizar a las personas trabajadoras del campo el acceso equitativo a los esquemas de formación o certificación de competencias laborales que implemente, con independencia de su género, lengua indígena, categoría o cualquier otro parámetro. Las acciones derivadas de estos esquemas se llevarán a cabo dentro o fuera del horario de trabajo, según las características e implementación de aquéllos. En el caso de serlo dentro del horario de trabajo, el tiempo durante el cual las personas trabajadoras del campo asistan a actividades, será considerado como tiempo de trabajo para todos los efectos.
La persona empleadora reconocerá la especialidad de las personas trabajadoras del campo.
The employer shall promote a work environment free of discrimination and violence, favoring substantive equality through the promotion and strengthening of the recognition of indigenous and Afro-Mexican cultural diversity and the enjoyment or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the workplace of farm workers.
The employer shall respect the prenatal and postnatal rest periods of pregnant female workers. Adequate guarantees and conditions shall be established within the workspace for the exercise of breastfeeding through the installation of lactation rooms under this Law.
A temporary female farm worker shall have job security during pregnancy and until the end of the puerperium.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 283 Ter
La persona empleadora deberá promover un ambiente laboral libre de discriminación y de violencia, favoreciendo la igualdad sustantiva a través de la promoción y fortalecimiento del reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural indígena y afromexicana, goce o ejercicio de los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales en el ámbito laboral de las personas trabajadoras del campo.
La persona empleadora deberá respetar los descansos pre y postnatales de las trabajadoras embarazadas. Se deberán establecer las garantías y condiciones adecuadas dentro del espacio de trabajo para el ejercicio de la lactancia infantil mediante la instalación de salas de lactancia en términos de la presente Ley.
La trabajadora del campo temporal tendrá estabilidad en su empleo durante la gestación y hasta el término del puerperio.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) may issue a certificate of compliance with labor and social security obligations in accordance with the general provisions issued for that purpose by the competent authorities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 283 Quáter
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social podrá expedir un certificado de cumplimiento de obligaciones laborales y de seguridad social de conformidad con las disposiciones generales que al efecto emitan las autoridades competentes.
Employers are prohibited from:
I. Establishing or permitting outlets selling intoxicating beverages and gambling houses at the workplace or in the housing area of the farm workers;
II. Preventing the entry of vendors of goods or charging them any fee;
III. Preventing workers from raising barnyard animals on the individual or collective plot intended for that purpose, unless it harms the crops or any other activity carried out on the premises of the workplace itself;
IV. Using the services of persons under eighteen years of age under the terms provided for in this Law;
V. Paying lower wages to women, except for reductions corresponding to the duration of the working day;
VI. Requiring or permitting farm workers to bring their minor sons and daughters to work with them, and
VII. Paying wages with goods, vouchers, tokens, any other representative sign other than the legal tender of the country, or with intoxicating beverages.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 284
Queda prohibido a las personas empleadoras:
I. Establecer o permitir expendios de bebidas embriagantes y de casas de juego de azar en el centro de trabajo o en la zona de habitaciones de las personas trabajadoras del campo;
II. Impedir la entrada a los vendedores de mercancías o cobrarles alguna cuota;
III. Impedir a las personas trabajadoras la crianza de animales de corral en el predio individual o colectivo destinado a tal fin, a menos que ésta perjudique los cultivos o cualquier otra actividad que se realice en las propias instalaciones del centro de trabajo;
IV. Utilizar los servicios de las personas menores de dieciocho años de edad en los términos previstos en esta Ley;
V. Pagar salarios inferiores a las mujeres, con excepción de las reducciones que correspondan debido a la duración de la jornada;
VI. Obligar o permitir que las personas trabajadoras del campo lleven a sus hijos e hijas, menores de edad a trabajar con ellos y ellas, y
VII. Pagar el salario con mercancías, vales, fichas, cualquier otro signo representativo distinto a la moneda de curso legal en el país o con bebidas embriagantes.
Labor Inspectors have the power and duty to carry out inspection visits at least once a year and during the production season to verify due compliance with the obligations established in this Chapter and, in particular, compliance with the following:
I. Verify that farm work is carried out under adequate conditions with regard to training and instruction and safety and health;
II. Ensure that wages are not lower than those determined in accordance with this Law;
III. Verify that the services of minor girls and boys are not used;
IV. Verify that farm workers are provided with housing, transportation and education for their sons and daughters;
V. Verify that employment contracts are recorded in writing and that mechanisms are established to inform farm workers about the labor authorities and social services to which they may turn when the farm worker considers that his or her rights have been impaired, in order to exercise the appropriate legal action, and
VI. Verify compliance with any other provision protecting farm work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 284 Bis
Las y los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen la atribución y deber de realizar visitas de inspección por lo menos una vez al año y en temporada o estación de producción para constatar el debido cumplimiento de las obligaciones establecidas en el presente Capítulo, y de manera especial, el cumplimiento de las siguientes:
I. Verificar que el trabajo del campo se realice en adecuadas condiciones en materia de capacitación y adiestramiento y de seguridad y salud;
II. Vigilar que los salarios no sean inferiores a los determinados conforme a esta Ley;
III. Verificar que no se utilicen los servicios de niñas y niños menores de edad;
IV. Verificar que se proporcione a las personas trabajadoras del campo habitaciones, transporte y educación para sus hijos e hijas;
V. Verificar que los contratos de trabajo se hagan constar por escrito y que se establezcan los mecanismos para informar a las personas trabajadoras del campo acerca de las autoridades del trabajo y servicios sociales a las que se podrán acudir cuando la persona trabajadora del campo considere que sus derechos han sido menoscabados, a fin de ejercer la acción legal conducente, y
VI. Verificar el cumplimiento de cualquier otra disposición protectora del trabajo del campo.
CAPITULO IX / Agentes de comercio y otros semejantes
Commercial agents, insurance agents, salespersons, traveling salespersons, promoters or sales boosters and other similar persons are workers of the company or companies to which they provide their services, when their activity is permanent, unless they do not perform the work personally or only participate in isolated transactions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 285
Los agentes de comercio, de seguros, los vendedores, viajantes, propagandistas o impulsores de ventas y otros semejantes, son trabajadores de la empresa o empresas a las que presten sus servicios, cuando su actividad sea permanente, salvo que no ejecuten personalmente el trabajo o que únicamente intervengan en operaciones aisladas.
Commission-based wages may include a premium on the value of the goods sold or placed, on the initial payment or on the periodic payments, or two or all three of these premiums.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 286
El salario a comisión puede comprender una prima sobre el valor de la mercancía vendida o colocada, sobre el pago inicial o sobre los pagos periódicos, o dos o las tres de dichas primas.
To determine the moment at which the right of the workers to receive the premiums arises, the following rules shall be observed:
I. If a single premium is set, at the moment the transaction on which it is based is perfected; and
II. If the premiums are set on the periodic payments, at the moment these are made.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 287
Para determinar el momento en que nace el derecho de los trabajadores a percibir las primas, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si se fija una prima única, en el momento en que se perfeccione la operación que le sirva de base; y
II. Si se fijan las primas sobre los pagos periódicos, en el momento en que éstos se hagan.
The premiums corresponding to the workers may not be withheld or deducted if the transaction on which they were based is subsequently rendered without effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 288
Las primas que correspondan a los trabajadores no podrán retenerse ni descontarse si posteriormente se deja sin efecto la operación que les sirvió de base.
To determine the amount of the daily wage, the basis shall be the average of the wages of the last year or of the total wages received if the worker has not completed one year of service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 289
Para determinar el monto del salario diario se tomará como base el promedio que resulte de los salarios del último año o del total de los percibidos si el trabajador no cumplió un año de servicios.
Workers may not be removed from the zone or route assigned to them without their consent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 290
Los trabajadores no podrán ser removidos de la zona o ruta que se les haya asignado, sin su consentimiento.
A significant and repeated decrease in the volume of transactions is a special cause for rescission of employment relationships, unless justifying circumstances exist.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291
Es causa especial de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo la disminución importante y reiterada del volumen de las operaciones, salvo que concurran circunstancias justificativas.
CAPITULO IX BIS / TRABAJO EN PLATAFORMAS DIGITALES
This is a subordinate employment relationship consisting of the performance of remunerated activities that require the physical presence of the worker for the provision of the service, which are managed by an individual or legal entity in favor of third parties through a digital platform, using information and communication technologies to exercise command and supervision over the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-A
Es una relación laboral subordinada que consiste en el desempeño de actividades remuneradas que requieran la presencia física de la persona trabajadora para la prestación del servicio, las cuales son gestionadas por una persona física o moral en favor de terceros a través de una plataforma digital, utilizando las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para ejercer el mando y la supervisión sobre la persona trabajadora.
Digital platform shall mean the set of mechanisms, computer applications, systems and devices that assign tasks, services, works, jobs or similar activities to workers in favor of third parties, considering the use of the information and communication technologies defined in Article 330-A of this Law.
Users, consumers or beneficiaries of tasks, services, works or jobs offered through computer applications shall not be considered employers or jointly and severally liable parties with respect to workers on digital or similar platforms, since that status shall belong to the individual or legal entity that manages or administers the services through the platform.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-B
Se entenderá por plataforma digital al conjunto de mecanismos, aplicaciones informáticas, sistemas y dispositivos que asignan tareas, servicios, obras, trabajos o similares a personas trabajadoras en favor de terceros, considerando el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación definidas en el artículo 330-A de esta Ley.
Los usuarios, consumidores o beneficiarios de tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos que se oferten a través de aplicaciones informáticas, no serán considerados patrones, ni responsables solidarios de personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales o similares, ya que dicho carácter lo tendrá la persona física o moral que gestione o administre los servicios a través de la misma.
A digital platform worker shall be one who provides personal, remunerated and subordinate services, under the command and supervision of an individual or legal entity that offers services to third parties through a digital platform, and who generates net monthly income equivalent to at least one monthly minimum wage of Mexico City for his or her work, regardless of the time actually worked.
Workers who provide services through digital platforms shall be considered independent workers if, at the end of each month, they do not manage to generate the earnings mentioned. However, in that period and during the time actually worked, the rights stipulated in this chapter shall be extended to them, with the exception of the provisions of section V, relating to the withholding and payment of social security contributions, and section VI of Article 291-K. In all cases, individuals and legal entities that administer digital platforms shall be responsible for the payment of insurance under the social security regime when an occupational risk occurs during the time actually worked.
If the digital platform worker ceases activity for a consecutive period of 30 calendar days, the employment relationship shall be deemed automatically terminated, without any liability or indemnity on the part of the employer. If that person again meets the conditions to be a digital platform worker, it shall be deemed the beginning of a new employment relationship.
For the calculation and composition of the wage, the provisions of Article 291-F of this Law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-C
La persona trabajadora de plataformas digitales será quien preste servicios personales, remunerados y subordinados, bajo el mando y supervisión de una persona física o moral que ofrece servicios a terceros, a través de una plataforma digital, y genere ingresos netos mensuales equivalentes a por lo menos un salario mínimo mensual de la Ciudad de México por su trabajo, independientemente del tiempo efectivamente trabajado.
Las personas trabajadoras que presten servicios a través de plataformas digitales serán consideradas trabajadoras independientes, si al final de cada mes no alcanzan a generar la percepción mencionada. Sin embargo, en dicho periodo y durante el tiempo efectivamente trabajado, se les extenderán los derechos estipulados en este capítulo, con la excepción de lo dispuesto en las fracciones V relativa a la retención y entero de cuotas de seguridad social y VI del artículo 291-K. En todos los casos, las personas físicas y morales que administren plataformas digitales, serán responsables del pago del aseguramiento en el régimen del seguro social cuando ocurra un riesgo de trabajo durante el tiempo de trabajo efectivamente laborado.
Si la persona trabajadora de plataformas digitales deja de tener actividad por un periodo consecutivo de 30 días naturales, se entenderá terminada la relación laboral automáticamente, sin que proceda responsabilidad o indemnización por parte del empleador. En el caso en el que dicha persona vuelva a cumplir con las condiciones para ser una persona trabajadora de plataformas digitales, se entenderá como el inicio de una nueva relación laboral.
Para el caso del cálculo e integración del salario, se atenderá a lo dispuesto en el artículo 291-F de la presente Ley.
Work on digital platforms shall be primarily flexible and discontinuous; therefore, an employment relationship shall be deemed to exist during the time actually worked by the digital platform worker.
Time actually worked shall mean the time from when the worker accepts to perform a task, service, work or job on the digital platform until the moment such performance definitively ends.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-D
El trabajo en plataformas digitales será primordialmente flexible y discontinuo, por lo que se entenderá que existe relación laboral durante el tiempo efectivamente laborado por la persona trabajadora de plataforma digital.
Se entenderá por tiempo de trabajo efectivamente laborado el comprendido desde que la persona trabajadora acepta prestar una tarea, servicio, obra o trabajo en la plataforma digital, hasta el momento en el que dicha prestación concluye definitivamente.
The working time devoted to the platform shall be defined by the worker, who shall have complete freedom to determine it without fixed schedules, being able to connect and disconnect at his or her discretion when he or she so requires.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-E
El tiempo de trabajo destinado para la plataforma será definido por la persona trabajadora y tendrá completa libertad para determinarse sin horarios fijos, pudiendo conectarse y desconectarse a discreción cuando así lo requiera.
The wage for platform work shall be set per task, service, work or job performed. In view of the flexible nature of the work, that payment shall include the proportional part of the weekly rest day, vacation, vacation premium, year-end bonus (aguinaldo) and overtime, without any additional amount being payable or recognized for any of those items.
For the purposes of calculating social security contributions, the amounts that digital platform workers receive as tips shall not be considered an integral part of the contribution base wage (SBC).
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall issue the general provisions determining the procedures relating to the calculation of the net income referred to in Article 291-C of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-F
El salario en el trabajo en plataformas se fijará por tarea, servicio, obra o trabajo realizado. En atención a la naturaleza flexible del trabajo, dicho pago contemplará el proporcional de día de descanso semanal, vacaciones, prima vacacional, aguinaldo y horas extras, sin que proceda el pago o reconocimiento de algún valor adicional por cualquiera de esos conceptos.
Para efectos del cálculo de cuotas de seguridad social, no se considerarán como parte integrante del salario base de cotización los montos que las personas trabajadoras de plataformas digitales reciban por concepto de propinas.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social expedirá las disposiciones de carácter general que determinen los procedimientos relativos al cálculo del ingreso neto al que se refiere el artículo 291-C de esta Ley.
Work on digital platforms shall be established through a contract that shall be separate from the terms and conditions of the provision of the service on the platform and may be signed digitally. The model contract shall be authorized and registered by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-G
El trabajo en plataformas digitales deberá fijarse mediante un contrato que será distinto de los términos y condiciones de la prestación del servicio en la plataforma y podrá ser firmado de manera digital. El modelo de contrato será autorizado y registrado por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral.
In addition to the provisions of Article 25 of this Law, the contract referred to in Article 291-G shall contain the following:
I. Name, nationality, age, sex and domicile of the parties;
II. Nature and characteristics of the work;
III. Determination of the system for accounting for the income generated and the time actually worked;
IV. The work equipment and supplies that, as the case may be, are provided to the worker, including matters related to occupational safety and health obligations for this modality;
V. The percentage of the amount, or the method, that the employer shall pay the digital platform worker for each task, service, work or job, in addition to the percentage or amount that they may receive as bonuses, if any;
VI. The contact and supervision mechanisms between the platform and the workers, and
VII. Other working conditions agreed upon.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-H
Además de lo establecido en el artículo 25 de esta Ley, el contrato al que se refiere el artículo 291-G, contendrá lo siguiente:
I. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo y domicilio de las partes;
II. Naturaleza y características del trabajo;
III. Determinación del sistema de contabilización de ingresos generados y de tiempo efectivamente laborado;
IV. El equipo e insumos de trabajo que en su caso se proporciona a la persona trabajadora, incluyendo lo relacionado con obligaciones de seguridad y salud en el trabajo para esta modalidad;
V. El porcentaje del monto o método que el patrón pagará a la persona trabajadora de plataformas digitales por cada tarea, servicio, obra o trabajo, además del porcentaje o monto que puedan recibir por concepto de bonos, en caso que los hubiere;
VI. Los mecanismos de contacto y de supervisión, entre la plataforma y las personas trabajadoras, y
VII. Otras condiciones de trabajo que se convengan.
Workers on digital platforms shall enjoy all rights, including the collective rights recognized by this Law, for which purpose digital platform companies shall establish mechanisms that guarantee their full exercise.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-I
Las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales disfrutarán de todos los derechos, incluyendo los colectivos reconocidos por la presente Ley, para lo cual las empresas de plataformas digitales deberán establecer mecanismos que garanticen su ejercicio pleno.
The rules for the assignment of tasks, services, works or jobs through algorithms or similar mechanisms shall be transparent, clear and known to all workers on digital platforms. Algorithm shall mean the use of decision-making systems that make it possible to exercise command and supervision over the digital platform worker in an automated or similar manner. Providers of services on digital platforms shall prepare a policy document on the algorithmic management of work that informs workers, using simple and clear language and avoiding the use of inaccurate, ambiguous or vague phrases, of the elements used by the algorithms for decision-making that may affect the employment relationship. That document shall contain the following:
I. The consequences of compliance or non-compliance with instructions given to the workers, including expectations regarding waiting times, travel and the provision of the services, works, jobs or similar activities;
II. The consequences and impact of ratings given by third parties to the tasks, services, works, jobs or similar activities provided by the workers;
III. The incentives and penalties used to influence the intensity, quality, frequency, time or pace of work;
IV. As the case may be, the existence of categories whose membership has a positive or negative effect on the assignment of tasks, services, works, jobs or similar activities, and the characteristics or general rules of those categories, and
V. Other criteria that may be taken into account for the algorithm's decision-making, including those that have consequences for access to or restriction of future tasks, bonuses or sanctions, and that make it possible to reduce the asymmetry in the information available to the worker by reason of his or her work.
The algorithmic management policy for work shall form part of the digital platform employment contract and shall be made known to all workers at the beginning of the employment relationship, as well as immediately in the event of changes in the elements described above in this article, which shall be accepted by each worker and explained clearly and simply. The algorithm shall be reasonable in its requirements and elements, taking into account the objective conditions of the work, and shall not endanger the health and integrity of the worker or be a factor of discrimination against him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-J
Las reglas para la asignación de tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos, a través de algoritmos o mecanismos análogos deberán ser transparentes, claras y conocidas por todas las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales. Se entenderá por algoritmo el uso de sistemas de toma de decisiones que permitan ejercer de manera automatizada o análoga el mando y supervisión sobre la persona trabajadora de plataforma digital. Los prestadores de servicios en plataformas digitales deberán elaborar un documento de política de gestión algorítmica del trabajo que informe a las personas trabajadoras, utilizando un lenguaje sencillo y claro, y evitando el uso de frases inexactas, ambiguas o vagas, los elementos utilizados por los algoritmos para la toma de decisiones que puedan afectar la relación laboral. Dicho documento deberá contener lo siguiente:
I. Las consecuencias del cumplimiento o incumplimiento de instrucciones otorgadas a las personas trabajadoras, incluyendo las expectativas en tiempos de espera, traslado y prestación de los servicios, obras, trabajos o análogos;
II. Las consecuencias e impacto de calificaciones otorgadas por terceros a las tareas, servicios, obras, trabajos o análogos proporcionados por las personas trabajadoras;
III. Los incentivos y penalizaciones utilizados para incidir en la intensidad, calidad, frecuencia, tiempo o ritmo del trabajo;
IV. En su caso, la existencia de categorías cuya pertenencia incida en sentido positivo o negativo en la asignación de tareas, servicios, obras, trabajos o análogos y las características o reglas generales de dichas categorías, y
V. Otros criterios que podrán ser tomados en cuenta para la toma de decisiones del algoritmo, incluyendo aquellas que tengan consecuencias para el acceso o restricción a futuras tareas, bonos o sanciones y que permitan reducir la asimetría en la información con la que cuenta la persona trabajadora con motivo de su labor.
La política de gestión algorítmica del trabajo formará parte del contrato de trabajo de plataformas digitales y deberá ser conocido por todas las personas trabajadoras al inicio de la relación laboral, así como de manera inmediata en caso que existan cambios en los elementos antes descritos en el presente artículo, mismos que deberán ser aceptados por cada trabajador, y explicados de manera clara y sencilla. El algoritmo deberá ser razonable en sus requisitos y elementos, atendiendo a las condiciones objetivas del trabajo y no poner en riesgo la salud e integridad del trabajador, ni ser factor de discriminación en su contra.
In any case, individuals and legal entities that administer or manage services through digital platforms, in their capacity as employer, shall have the following special obligations:
I. To pay for the work deriving from the services provided within a term not exceeding one week;
II. To establish mechanisms to keep a record of the hours worked and waiting times;
III. To issue weekly receipts for the payments made, stating the number of tasks, services, works or jobs performed, the time actually worked, the time during which the worker is at the disposal of the platform for the assignment of a task, service, work or job, the legal withholdings that apply, as the case may be, and other similar items that are appropriate;
IV. To implement mechanisms that guarantee the security of the information and personal data of the workers used from the platform, as well as the exercise of the rights of Access, Rectification, Cancellation, Opposition and Portability with respect thereto, under the applicable legislation;
V. To register the workers on digital platforms with the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and, as the case may be, to determine, withhold and pay the employer-employee contributions under the terms established by the provisions on the matter;
VI. To make the corresponding contributions to the National Workers' Housing Fund, under the applicable legislation;
VII. To establish the instruction, training and advisory mechanisms necessary to guarantee adaptation to and the proper use of the digital platforms, as well as other materials, supplies or tools necessary for their work, when so agreed;
VIII. To provide information on the occupational safety and health measures that platform workers must consider in the performance of their work;
IX. To establish specific mechanisms for handling and following up on complaints or reports regarding a lack of probity or honesty, acts of workplace violence or sexual violence, acts of violence, threats, insults, harassment or sexual harassment, mistreatment, discriminatory acts or other similar acts against workers on digital platforms by reason of their work;
X. To inform workers on digital platforms of the payment they will receive for each task, service, work or job, itemizing the items applicable in the composition of the payment, and
XI. To provide all the information required by the labor authorities and authorities of any other kind in connection with the provision of services through digital platforms, including, as the case may be, the data of third parties who provide services through the digital platforms.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-K
En cualquier caso, las personas físicas y morales que administren o gestionen servicios a través de plataformas digitales, en su carácter de patrón, tendrán las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Pagar los trabajos derivados de los servicios otorgados, en un plazo no mayor a una semana;
II. Establecer mecanismos para llevar registro de las horas trabajadas y tiempos de espera;
III. Emitir semanalmente recibos de pagos realizados donde se haga constar el número de tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos realizados, el tiempo efectivamente trabajado, el tiempo durante el que la persona trabajadora está a disposición de la plataforma para la asignación de una tarea, servicio, obra o trabajo, las retenciones legales que en su caso apliquen y demás conceptos análogos que resulten procedentes;
IV. Implementar mecanismos que garanticen la seguridad de la información y datos personales de las personas trabajadoras utilizados desde la plataforma, así como el ejercicio de los derechos de Acceso, Rectificación, Cancelación, Oposición y Portabilidad de estos, en términos de la legislación aplicable;
V. Inscribir a las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales ante el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social y, en su caso, determinar, retener y enterar el pago de cuotas obrero patronales en los términos que establezcan las disposiciones en la materia;
VI. Realizar las aportaciones correspondientes al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, en términos de la legislación aplicable;
VII. Establecer mecanismos de adiestramiento, capacitación y asesoría necesarios para garantizar la adaptación y el uso adecuado de las plataformas digitales, además de otros materiales, insumos o herramientas necesarias para su trabajo, cuando así se convenga;
VIII. Informar sobre las medidas de seguridad y salud en el trabajo que deberán considerar las personas trabajadoras de plataformas en el ejercicio de sus labores;
IX. Establecer mecanismos específicos de atención y seguimiento de quejas o denuncias, respecto de faltas de probidad u honradez, actos de violencia laboral o violencia sexual, actos de violencia, amenazas, injurias, hostigamiento o acoso sexual, malos tratamientos, actos discriminatorios u otros similares, en contra de las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales con motivo de su trabajo;
X. Informar a las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales el pago que recibirán por cada tarea, servicio, obra o trabajo, desglosando los conceptos aplicables en la integración del pago, y
XI. Proporcionar toda la información que le requieran las autoridades laborales y de cualquier otro tipo, en relación con la prestación de servicios a través de plataformas digitales, incluyendo, en su caso, los datos de terceros que presten servicios a través de las plataformas digitales.
Workers on digital platforms have the following special obligations:
I. To conduct themselves in accordance with the provisions on occupational safety and health and, as the case may be, road safety, in accordance with the regulations in force and those established by the employer;
II. To exercise the greatest care in the safekeeping, preservation and delivery of supplies and of the tasks, services, works or jobs commissioned during the time actually worked;
III. To receive, deliver and perform the tasks, services, works or jobs accepted through the digital platform at the agreed times, under the agreed conditions and at the agreed places;
IV. To heed and use the mechanisms and systems of the digital platforms for monitoring connection and hours worked, as well as, as the case may be, for communication with the platform;
V. As the case may be, to provide the instruments necessary for the correct delivery of the tasks, services, works or jobs instructed by the employer;
VI. To comply with the data protection policies and mechanisms used in the performance of their activities, as well as the restrictions on their use, and
VII. To conduct themselves with probity and honesty and to refrain from engaging in practices of discrimination, workplace violence, harassment and sexual harassment or other similar practices, during and by reason of the work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-L
Las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales, tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Conducirse con apego a las disposiciones en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, así como de seguridad vial, en su caso, de acuerdo con la normativa vigente y las establecidas por el patrón;
II. Poner el mayor cuidado en la guarda, conservación y entrega de insumos, las tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos mandatados durante el tiempo efectivamente trabajado;
III. Recibir, entregar y prestar las tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos aceptados a través de la plataforma digital en los horarios, condiciones y lugares convenidos;
IV. Atender y utilizar los mecanismos y sistemas de las plataformas digitales para el seguimiento de la conexión y de las horas laboradas, así como en su caso para la comunicación con la plataforma;
V. En su caso, aportar los instrumentos necesarios para la correcta entrega de las tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos instruidos por el patrón;
VI. Atender las políticas y mecanismos de protección de datos utilizados en el desempeño de sus actividades, así como las restricciones sobre su uso, y
VII. Conducirse con probidad, honradez y abstenerse de realizar prácticas de discriminación, violencia laboral, hostigamiento y acoso sexual u otros análogos, durante y con motivo del trabajo.
In addition to the causes established in Article 47 of this Law, the employment relationship may be rescinded, without liability for the employer, in the following cases:
I. Submitting false documentation when registering data on the digital platform;
II. Jeopardizing, through inexcusable recklessness or carelessness, the safety or privacy of the user or customer of the digital platform;
III. Engaging in a lack of probity or honesty, acts of violence, threats, insults, harassment and/or sexual harassment, mistreatment, discriminatory acts or other similar acts, during and by reason of his or her work, and
IV. Repeatedly failing to perform the tasks, services, works or jobs accepted by the worker, as well as to follow work-related instructions, without justified cause.
In the case of sections I through III of this article, the rescission may take immediate effect, upon prior written or digital notice to the worker.
In the case of section IV, the worker shall be notified at least three days in advance, after the review mechanisms established by the digital platform company under Article 291-P of this Law have been exhausted.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-M
Además de las causas establecidas en el artículo 47 de esta Ley, se podrá rescindir la relación laboral, sin responsabilidad para el patrón, en los siguientes supuestos:
I. Presentar documentación falsa al realizar el registro de datos en la plataforma digital;
II. Comprometer, por su imprudencia o descuido inexcusable, la seguridad, o la privacidad de la persona usuaria o cliente de la plataforma digital;
III. Incurrir en faltas de probidad u honradez, actos de violencia, amenazas, injurias, hostigamiento y/o acoso sexual, malos tratamientos, actos discriminatorios u otros análogos, durante y con motivo de su trabajo, y
IV. Incurrir de manera reiterada en incumplimiento de las tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos aceptados por la persona trabajadora, así como de las instrucciones relacionadas con el trabajo sin causa justificada.
Para el caso de las fracciones I a III del presente artículo, la rescisión podrá surtir efectos inmediatos, previa notificación escrita o digital al trabajador.
Para el caso de la fracción IV, se deberá avisar a la persona trabajadora con al menos tres días de anticipación, previo agotamiento de los mecanismos de revisión establecidos por la empresa de plataforma digital en términos del artículo 291-P de la presente Ley.
For the purposes of calculating the indemnities referred to in Article 50 of this Law, the wage shall be the average of the income earned by the worker on the digital platform in the last six months.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-N
Para efectos de cálculo en las indemnizaciones a las que se refiere el artículo 50 de la presente Ley, se computará como salario el promedio de lo ingresado por la persona trabajadora en la plataforma digital en los últimos seis meses.
The failure to deliver or perform a service shall not be attributable to the workers, nor may connection, linking or access to the digital platform be limited or prohibited, in any of the following cases:
I. Deception of the worker by the digital platform company that leads him or her to make an error, thereby affecting his or her work;
II. The existence of a serious danger to the safety or health of the worker in the performance of his or her work;
III. The non-acceptance of new tasks, services, works or jobs because the corresponding wage has not been received on the agreed or customary date and in the agreed or customary manner;
IV. The digital platform company's jeopardizing, through inexcusable recklessness, omission or carelessness, the safety of the workers or of the users or customers of the digital platform, and
V. The non-acceptance of tasks, services, works or jobs when the income offered is disproportionately low or does not cover the operating, time and effort costs, negatively affecting the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-O
No será imputable a las personas trabajadoras ni podrá limitarse o prohibirse la conexión, vinculación o acceso a la plataforma digital, cuando se incumpla la entrega o prestación de un servicio bajo cualquiera de los siguientes supuestos:
I. El engaño de la empresa de plataforma digital a la persona trabajadora para que incurra en algún error y con esto verse afectado su trabajo;
II. La existencia de un peligro grave para la seguridad o salud del trabajador en el desempeño de su trabajo;
III. La no aceptación de nuevas tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos por no recibir el salario correspondiente en la fecha y forma convenidas o acostumbradas;
IV. Comprometer la empresa de plataforma digital con su imprudencia, omisión o descuido inexcusables, la seguridad de las personas trabajadoras o de las personas usuarias o clientes de la plataforma digital, y
V. La no aceptación de tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos cuando el ingreso ofrecido sea desproporcionadamente bajo o no cubra los costos operativos, de tiempo y esfuerzo, afectando negativamente a la persona trabajadora.
Individuals and legal entities that administer digital platforms shall make available to the workers mechanisms for handling and reviewing decisions that affect or interrupt connection, linking or access to the digital platform and shall guarantee that those mechanisms are managed by personnel with autonomy and power of review over such decisions and not by algorithms or similar mechanisms.
Any rescission, limitation or prohibition of connection, linking or access to the platform shall be null if no written notice is delivered, in analog form or through the digital platform, stating immediately and clearly the conduct or conducts giving rise to the decision.
This notice shall be accompanied by a detailed report with data on tasks, services, works or jobs, as well as the date or dates of connection, connection time, observations and ratings of the services provided by the worker.
If no agreement or solution is reached, the parties shall go before the conciliation authorities, in accordance with the provisions of Article 684-B of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-P
Las personas físicas y morales que administren plataformas digitales, pondrán a disposición de las personas trabajadoras mecanismos para la atención y revisión de decisiones que afecten o interrumpan la conexión, vinculación o acceso a la plataforma digital y deberán garantizar que dichos mecanismos sean gestionados por personal con autonomía y poder de revisión sobre dichas decisiones y no por algoritmos o mecanismos similares.
Será nula toda rescisión, limitante o prohibición en la conexión, vinculación o acceso a la plataforma en la que no se entregue un aviso escrito, de forma análoga o a través de la plataforma digital, que refiera inmediatamente y de manera clara la conducta o las conductas que motivan la decisión.
Este aviso deberá ir acompañado del reporte detallado con datos de tareas, servicios, obras o trabajos, así como fecha o fechas de conexión, tiempo de conexión, observaciones y calificaciones de los servicios prestados por la persona trabajadora.
En caso de no llegar a un acuerdo o solución, las partes deberán acudir ante las autoridades conciliatorias, conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 684-B de esta Ley.
The disabling or closure of the digital platform company for justified cause and with prior notice to the workers shall be a special cause for termination of the employment relationship.
The notice shall be given within a term of not less than fifteen days, counted from the time the employer became aware of the justified cause for the disabling or closure of the digital platform.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-Q
Será causa especial de terminación de la relación de trabajo, la deshabilitación o cierre de la empresa de plataforma digital por causa justificada y previo aviso a las personas trabajadoras.
El aviso deberá darse en un plazo no menor a quince días, contados a partir que el patrón tuvo conocimiento de la causa justificada de la deshabilitación o cierre de la plataforma digital.
Digital platform companies shall observe a gender perspective that protects workers from acts of discrimination, workplace violence, sexual violence, harassment or sexual harassment by reason of their work, and that makes it possible to reconcile work with personal and family life.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-R
Las empresas de plataformas digitales deberán observar una perspectiva de género que proteja a las personas trabajadoras de actos de discriminación, violencia laboral, violencia sexual, acoso u hostigamiento con motivo de su trabajo, y que permita conciliar el trabajo con la vida personal y familiar.
Digital platform companies are prohibited from:
I. Charging workers for registration, use, separation or similar items related to the employment relationship;
II. Work by minors;
III. Withholding money from workers in addition to the items established by law;
IV. Establishing connection restrictions for workers on digital platforms, except in the cases established in Article 291-M of this Law;
V. Concealment or simulation seeking to distort the employment relationship through contracts of a civil, commercial or other nature;
VI. Providing services consisting of making their own personnel available for the benefit of another individual or legal entity, and
VII. Manipulating the income of workers to avoid their classification as subordinate digital platform workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-S
Las empresas de plataformas digitales tienen prohibido:
I. El cobro a las personas trabajadoras por la inscripción, uso, separación o conceptos similares, relacionados con la relación laboral;
II. El trabajo de personas menores de edad;
III. La retención de dinero a las personas trabajadoras adicional a los conceptos establecidos en la ley;
IV. Establecer restricciones de conexión a las personas trabajadoras en plataformas digitales, salvo en los casos que establece el artículo 291-M de esta Ley;
V. El encubrimiento o la simulación que busque desvirtuar el vínculo laboral mediante contratos de carácter civil, mercantil u otros;
VI. La prestación de servicios de puesta a disposición de personal propio en beneficio de otra persona física o moral, y
VII. Manipular el ingreso de las personas trabajadoras para evitar su calificación como trabajadores subordinados de plataformas digitales.
It is prohibited to transfer workers who are subject to a traditional employment relationship to a digital platform work scheme for the purpose of seeking to distort the employment relationship or the rights associated with it, or for the purpose of reducing the tax, social security or labor burdens deriving from the employment relationship.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-T
Queda prohibido transferir a las personas trabajadoras que se encuentren sujetas a una relación laboral tradicional a un esquema de trabajo en plataformas digitales, con el fin de buscar desvirtuar el vínculo laboral, los derechos asociados con el mismo o con el objeto de reducir las cargas fiscales, de seguridad social o laborales que se desprendan de la relación de trabajo.
Digital platform companies may hire workers under continuous and traditional labor schemes, to whom the corresponding provisions of the respective law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 291-U
Las empresas de plataformas digitales podrán contratar a personas trabajadoras bajo esquemas laborales continuos y tradicionales, a quienes les serán aplicables las disposiciones correspondientes de la ley respectiva.
CAPITULO X / Deportistas profesionales
The provisions of this chapter apply to professional athletes, such as soccer, baseball, jai alai and boxing players, wrestlers and other similar athletes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 292
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican a los deportistas profesionales, tales como jugadores de fútbol, baseball, frontón, box, luchadores y otros semejantes.
Employment relationships may be for a fixed term, for an indefinite term, for one or more seasons or for the holding of one or more events or performances. In the absence of express stipulations, the relationship shall be for an indefinite term.
If, upon expiration of the term or the end of the season, no new term of duration or other modality is stipulated and the worker continues to provide his or her services, the relationship shall continue for an indefinite term.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 293
Las relaciones de trabajo pueden ser por tiempo determinado, por tiempo indeterminado, para una o varias temporadas o para la celebración de uno o varios eventos o funciones. A falta de estipulaciones expresas, la relación será por tiempo indeterminado.
Si vencido el término o concluida la temporada no se estipula un nuevo término de duración u otra modalidad, y el trabajador continúa prestando sus servicios, la relación continuará por tiempo indeterminado.
The wage may be stipulated per unit of time, for one or more events or performances, or for one or more seasons.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 294
El salario podrá estipularse por unidad de tiempo, para uno o varios eventos o funciones, o para una o varias temporadas.
Professional athletes may not be transferred to another company or club without their consent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 295
Los deportistas profesionales no podrán ser transferidos a otra empresa o club, sin su consentimiento.
The transfer premium for players shall be subject to the following rules:
I. The company or club shall inform the professional athletes of the regulations or clauses containing it;
II. The amount of the premium shall be determined by agreement between the professional athlete and the company or club, taking into consideration the category of the events or performances, that of the teams, that of the professional athlete and his or her seniority in the company or club; and
III. The share of the professional athlete in the premium shall be at least twenty-five percent. If the percentage set is lower than fifty percent, it shall increase by five percent for each year of service, until it reaches at least fifty percent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 296
La prima por transferencia de jugadores se sujetará a las normas siguientes:
I. La empresa o club dará a conocer a los deportistas profesionales el reglamento o cláusulas que la contengan;
II. El monto de la prima se determinará por acuerdo entre el deportista profesional y la empresa o club, y se tomarán en consideración la categoría de los eventos o funciones, la de los equipos, la del deportista profesional y su antigüedad en la empresa o club; y
III. La participación del deportista profesional en la prima será de un veinticinco por ciento, por lo menos. Si el porcentaje fijado es inferior al cincuenta por ciento, se aumentará en un cinco por ciento por cada año de servicios, hasta llegar al cincuenta por ciento, por lo menos.
A provision stipulating different wages for equal work by reason of the category of the events or performances, that of the teams or that of the players does not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 297
No es violatoria del principio de igualdad de salarios la disposición que estipule salarios distintos para trabajos iguales, por razón de la categoría de los eventos o funciones, de la de los equipos o de la de los jugadores.
Professional athletes have the following special obligations:
I. To submit to the discipline of the company or club;
II. To attend the preparation and training practices at the place and time indicated by the company or club and to gather in training camp for events or performances;
III. To make the trips for events or performances in accordance with the provisions of the company or club. Transportation, lodging and meal expenses shall be borne by the company or club; and
IV. To respect the local, national and international regulations governing the practice of sports.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 298
Los deportistas profesionales tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Someterse a la disciplina de la empresa o club;
II. Concurrir a las prácticas de preparación y adiestramiento en el lugar y a la hora señalados por la empresa o club y concentrarse para los eventos o funciones;
III. Efectuar los viajes para los eventos o funciones de conformidad con las disposiciones de la empresa o club. Los gastos de transportación, hospedaje y alimentación serán por cuenta de la empresa o club; y
IV. Respetar los reglamentos locales, nacionales e internacionales que rijan la práctica de los deportes.
Professional athletes are prohibited from any verbal or physical mistreatment of the judges or referees of the events, their teammates and opposing players.
In sports involving personal combat, the contestants shall refrain from any act prohibited by the regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 299
Queda prohibido a los deportistas profesionales todo maltrato de palabra o de obra a los jueces o árbitros de los eventos, a sus compañeros y a los jugadores contrincantes.
En los deportes que impliquen una contienda personal, los contendientes deberán abstenerse de todo acto prohibido por los reglamentos.
The following are special obligations of employers:
I. To organize and maintain a medical service that carries out periodic examinations; and
II. To grant workers one day of rest per week. The provision contained in the second paragraph of Article 71 does not apply to professional athletes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 300
Son obligaciones especiales de los patrones:
I. Organizar y mantener un servicio médico que practique reconocimientos periódicos; y
II. Conceder a los trabajadores un día de descanso a la semana. No es aplicable a los deportistas profesionales la disposición contenida en el párrafo segundo del artículo 71.
Employers are prohibited from requiring athletes to make excessive efforts that may endanger their health or their life.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 301
Queda prohibido a los patrones exigir de los deportistas un esfuerzo excesivo que pueda poner en peligro su salud o su vida.
Sanctions on professional athletes shall be applied in accordance with the regulations referred to in Article 298, section IV.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 302
Las sanciones a los deportistas profesionales se aplicarán de conformidad con los reglamentos a que se refiere el artículo 298, fracción IV.
The following are special causes for rescission and termination of employment relationships;
I. Serious indiscipline or repeated acts of indiscipline; and
II. Loss of faculties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 303
Son causas especiales de rescisión y terminación de las relaciones de trabajo;
I. La indisciplina grave o las faltas repetidas de indisciplina; y
II. La pérdida de facultades.
CAPITULO XI / Personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes
The provisions of this chapter apply to workers who are performing artists or performers, under Article 116 of the Federal Copyright Law, who perform in theaters, cinemas, nightclubs or variety shows, circuses, radio and television, dubbing studios or in any other place or environment where interpretation and/or performance takes place.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 304
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican a las personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes, en términos del artículo 116 de la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor, que actúen en teatros, cines, centros nocturnos o de variedades, circos, radio y televisión, salas de doblaje o en cualquier otro lugar o entorno donde se lleve a cabo la interpretación y/o ejecución.
Employment relationships may be for a fixed term or an indefinite term, for several seasons or for the holding of one or more performances, presentations or appearances.
The provision contained in Article 39 does not apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 305
Las relaciones de trabajo pueden ser por tiempo determinado o por tiempo indeterminado, para varias temporadas o para la celebración de una o varias funciones, representaciones o actuaciones.
No es aplicable la disposición contenida en el artículo 39.
Contracts governing the employment relationship of workers who are performing artists or performers shall specifically stipulate the conditions and the corresponding remuneration for the use of their image or voice through artificial intelligence systems or any other technology.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 305 Bis
En los contratos que regulen la relación laboral de las personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes, se deberán estipular de manera específica las condiciones y la remuneración correspondiente para la utilización de su imagen o voz a través de sistemas de inteligencia artificial o cualquier otra tecnología.
The wage may be stipulated per unit of time, for one or more seasons or for one or more performances, presentations or appearances.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 306
El salario podrá estipularse por unidad de tiempo, para una o varias temporadas o para una o varias funciones, representaciones o actuaciones.
A provision stipulating different wages for equal work by reason of the category of the performances, presentations or appearances, or of the workers who are performing artists or performers, does not violate the principle of equal pay.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 307
No es violatoria del principio de igualdad de salario, la disposición que estipule salarios distintos para trabajos iguales, por razón de la categoría de las funciones, representaciones o actuaciones, o de las personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes.
For the provision of services by workers who are performing artists or performers outside the Republic, in addition to the rules contained in Article 28, the following provisions shall be observed:
I. An advance of at least twenty-five percent of the wage for the contracted time shall be made; and
II. Round-trip passage shall be guaranteed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 308
Para la prestación de servicios de las personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes fuera de la República, se observarán, además de las normas contenidas en el artículo 28, las disposiciones siguientes:
I. Deberá hacerse un anticipo del salario por el tiempo contratado de un veinticinco por ciento, por lo menos; y
II. Deberá garantizarse el pasaje de ida y regreso.
The provision of services within the Republic, in a place other than the residence of the worker who is a performing artist or performer, shall be governed by the provisions contained in the preceding article, insofar as they are applicable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 309
La prestación de servicios dentro de la República, en lugar diverso de la residencia de la persona trabajadora artista intérprete o ejecutante, se regirá por las disposiciones contenidas en el artículo anterior, en lo que sean aplicables.
When the nature of the work so requires, employers shall be obligated to provide workers who are performing artists or performers with comfortable, hygienic and safe dressing rooms at the premises where the service is provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 310
Cuando la naturaleza del trabajo lo requiera, los patrones estarán obligados a proporcionar a las personas trabajadoras artistas intérpretes o ejecutantes camerinos cómodos, higiénicos y seguros, en el local donde se preste el servicio.
CAPITULO XII / Trabajo a domicilio
Home work is work habitually performed for an employer at the worker's domicile or at premises freely chosen by the worker, without immediate supervision or direction by whoever provides the work.
If the work is performed under conditions different from those indicated in this article, it shall be governed by the general provisions of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 311
Trabajo a domicilio es el que se ejecuta habitualmente para un patrón, en el domicilio del trabajador o en un local libremente elegido por él, sin vigilancia ni dirección inmediata de quien proporciona el trabajo.
Si el trabajo se ejecuta en condiciones distintas de las señaladas en este artículo se regirá por las disposiciones generales de esta Ley.
An agreement by virtue of which the employer sells raw materials or objects to a worker for the worker to transform or make them up at his or her domicile and subsequently sell them to the same employer, and any other similar agreement or transaction, constitutes home work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 312
El convenio por virtud del cual el patrón venda materias primas u objetos a un trabajador para que éste los transforme o confeccione en su domicilio y posteriormente los venda al mismo patrón, y cualquier otro convenio u operación semejante, constituye trabajo a domicilio.
A home worker is a person who works personally or with the help of members of his or her family for an employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 313
Trabajador a domicilio es la persona que trabaja personalmente o con la ayuda de miembros de su familia para un patrón.
Employers are persons who provide home work, whether or not they supply the work implements or materials and whatever the form of remuneration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 314
Son patrones las personas que dan trabajo a domicilio, sea que suministren o no los útiles o materiales de trabajo y cualquiera que sea la forma de la remuneración.
The simultaneity of employers does not deprive the home worker of the rights granted to him or her by this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 315
La simultaneidad de patrones no priva al trabajador a domicilio de los derechos que le concede este capítulo.
The use of intermediaries is prohibited. In the case of a company that uses or sells the products of home work, the provisions of Article 13 shall govern.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 316
Queda prohibida la utilización de intermediarios. En el caso de la empresa que aproveche o venda los productos del trabajo a domicilio, regirá lo dispuesto en el artículo 13.
Employers that provide home work shall first register in the Registry of home work employers, which shall operate at the Labor Inspectorate. The registry shall record the name and domicile of the employer for which the work will be performed and the other data indicated by the respective regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 317
Los patrones que den trabajo a domicilio deberán inscribirse previamente en el Registro de patrones del trabajo a domicilio, que funcionará en la Inspección del Trabajo. En el registro constará el nombre y el domicilio del patrón para el que se ejecutará el trabajo y los demás datos que señalen los reglamentos respectivos.
The working conditions shall be recorded in writing. Each of the parties shall keep one copy and the other shall be delivered to the Labor Inspectorate. The document shall contain:
I. Name, nationality, age, sex, marital status and domicile of the worker and of the employer;
II. Premises where the work will be performed;
III. Nature, quality and quantity of the work;
IV. Amount of the wage and date and place of payment; and
V. Other stipulations agreed upon by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 318
Las condiciones de trabajo se harán constar por escrito. Cada una de las partes conservará un ejemplar y el otro será entregado a la Inspección del Trabajo. El escrito contendrá:
I. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo, estado civil y domicilio del trabajador y del patrón;
II. Local donde se ejecutará el trabajo;
III. Naturaleza, calidad y cantidad del trabajo;
IV. Monto del salario y fecha y lugar de pago; y
V. Las demás estipulaciones que convengan las partes.
The document referred to in the preceding article shall be delivered by the employer, within a term of three business days, to the Labor Inspectorate, which, within the same term, shall review it under its strictest responsibility. If it does not conform to the Law, the Labor Inspectorate, within three days, shall make the corresponding observations to the parties so that they make the respective modifications. The employer shall submit it again to the same Labor Inspectorate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 319
El escrito a que se refiere el artículo anterior deberá entregarse por el patrón, dentro de un término de tres días hábiles, a la Inspección del Trabajo, la cual, dentro de igual término, procederá a revisarlo bajo su más estricta responsabilidad. En caso de que no estuviese ajustado a la Ley, la Inspección del Trabajo, dentro de tres días, hará a las partes las observaciones correspondientes, a fin de que hagan las modificaciones respectivas. El patrón deberá presentarlo nuevamente a la misma Inspección del Trabajo.
Employers are obligated to keep a Register Book of home workers, authorized by the Labor Inspectorate, in which the following data shall be recorded:
I. Name, nationality, age, sex and marital status of the worker and domicile or premises where the work is performed;
II. Days and schedule for the delivery and receipt of the work and for the payment of wages;
III. Nature, quality and quantity of the work;
IV. Materials and implements provided to the worker on each occasion, their value and the form of payment for objects lost or damaged through the fault of the worker;
V. Form and amount of the wage; and
VI. Other data indicated by the regulations.
The books shall be permanently available to the Labor Inspectorate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 320
Los patrones están obligados a llevar un Libro de registro de trabajadores a domicilio, autorizado por la Inspección del Trabajo, en el que constarán los datos siguientes:
I. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo, estado civil del trabajador y domicilio o local donde se ejecute el trabajo;
II. Días y horario para la entrega y recepción del trabajo y para el pago de los salarios;
III. Naturaleza, calidad y cantidad del trabajo;
IV. Materiales y útiles que en cada ocasión se proporcionen al trabajador, valor de los mismos y forma de pago de los objetos perdidos o deteriorados por culpa del trabajador;
V. Forma y monto del salario; y
VI. Los demás datos que señalen los reglamentos.
Los libros estarán permanentemente a disposición de la Inspección del Trabajo.
Employers shall deliver free of charge to their home workers a booklet with numbered pages, authorized by the Labor Inspectorate, which shall be called the Home Work Booklet and in which the data referred to in sections I, II and V of the preceding article shall be entered and, each time work is provided, those mentioned in section IV of that article.
The absence of the booklet does not deprive the worker of the rights to which he or she is entitled in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 321
Los patrones entregarán gratuitamente a sus trabajadores a domicilio una libreta foliada y autorizada por la Inspección del Trabajo, que se denominará Libreta de trabajo a domicilio y en la que se anotarán los datos a que se refieren las fracciones I, II y V del artículo anterior, y en cada ocasión que se proporcione trabajo, los mencionados en la fracción IV del mismo artículo.
La falta de libreta no priva al trabajador de los derechos que le correspondan de conformidad con las disposiciones de esta Ley.
The National Minimum Wage Commission shall set the professional minimum wages for the different types of home work, taking into consideration, among others, the following circumstances:
I. The nature and quality of the work:
II. The average time for the manufacture of the products;
III. The wages and benefits received by the workers of establishments and companies that manufacture the same or similar products; and
IV. The current market prices of the products of home work.
The books referred to in Article 320 shall be permanently available to the National Minimum Wage Commission.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 322
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos fijará los salarios mínimos profesionales de los diferentes trabajos a domicilio, debiendo tomar en consideración, entre otras, las circunstancias siguientes:
I. La naturaleza y calidad de los trabajos:
II. El tiempo promedio para la elaboración de los productos;
III. Los salarios y prestaciones percibidos por los trabajadores de establecimientos y empresas que elaboren los mismos o semejantes productos; y
IV. Los precios corrientes en el mercado de los productos del trabajo a domicilio.
Los libros a que se refiere el artículo 320 estarán permanentemente a disposición de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos.
The wages of home workers may not be lower than those paid for similar work in the company or establishment for which the work is performed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 323
Los salarios de los trabajadores a domicilio no podrán ser menores de los que se paguen por trabajos semejantes en la empresa o establecimiento para el que se realice el trabajo.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. To post the wage rates in a visible place at the premises where they provide or receive the work;
II. To provide the work materials and implements on the agreed dates and at the agreed times;
III. To receive the work in a timely manner and pay the wages in the stipulated form and on the stipulated dates;
IV. To record in each worker's booklet, at the time of receiving the work, any losses or deficiencies that result, and no subsequent claim may be made; and
V. To provide the Inspectors and the National Minimum Wage Commission with the reports they request.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 324
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Fijar las tarifas de salarios en lugar visible de los locales donde proporcionen o reciban el trabajo;
II. Proporcionar los materiales y útiles de trabajo en las fechas y horas convenidos;
III. Recibir oportunamente el trabajo y pagar los salarios en la forma y fechas estipuladas;
IV. Hacer constar en la libreta de cada trabajador, al momento de recibir el trabajo, las pérdidas o deficiencias que resulten, no pudiendo hacerse ninguna reclamación posterior; y
V. Proporcionar a los Inspectores y a la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos los informes que le soliciten.
Failure to comply punctually with the obligations mentioned in sections II and III of the preceding article shall entitle the home worker to an indemnity for the time lost.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 325
La falta de cumplimiento puntual de las obligaciones mencionadas en las fracciones II y III del artículo anterior, dará derecho al trabajador a domicilio a una indemnización por el tiempo perdido.
Home workers have the following special obligations:
I. To exercise the greatest care in the safekeeping and preservation of the materials and implements they receive from the employer;
II. To manufacture the products in accordance with the agreed and customary quality;
III. To receive and deliver the work on the agreed days and at the agreed times; and
IV. To indemnify the employer for the loss or deterioration, through their fault, of the materials and implements they receive. The liability of the home worker is governed by the provision contained in Article 110, section I.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 326
Los trabajadores a domicilio tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Poner el mayor cuidado en la guarda y conservación de los materiales y útiles que reciban del patrón;
II. Elaborar los productos de acuerdo con la calidad convenida y acostumbrada;
III. Recibir y entregar el trabajo en los días y horas convenidos; y
IV. Indemnizar al patrón por la pérdida o deterioro que por su culpa sufran los materiales y útiles que reciban. La responsabilidad del trabajador a domicilio se rige por la disposición contenida en el artículo 110, fracción I.
They also have the right to be paid, in the corresponding week, the wage for the mandatory rest day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 327
También tienen el derecho de que en la semana que corresponda se les pague el salario del día de descanso obligatorio.
Home workers are entitled to annual vacation. To determine the amount of the corresponding wage, the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 89 shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 328
Los trabajadores a domicilio tienen derecho a vacaciones anuales. Para determinar el importe del salario correspondiente se estará a lo dispuesto en el párrafo segundo del artículo 89.
A home worker who ceases to be given work shall have the rights set forth in Article 48.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 329
El trabajador a domicilio al que se le deje de dar el trabajo, tendrá los derechos consignados en el artículo 48.
Labor Inspectors have the following special powers and duties:
I. To verify whether the persons who provide home work are registered in the Registry of Employers. If they are not, the Inspectors shall order them to register, with a warning (apercibimiento) that if they do not do so within a term not exceeding 10 days, the sanctions indicated by this Law shall be applied to them;
II. To verify whether the Register Books of home workers and the Home Work Booklets are kept correctly and up to date;
III. To ensure that the wage rate is posted in a visible place at the premises where the work is received and provided;
IV. To verify whether wages are paid in accordance with the respective rate;
V. To ensure that wages are not lower than those paid in the company to a similar worker;
VI. To carry out visits to the premises where the work is performed, to ensure compliance with the provisions on hygiene and safety; and
VII. To inform the National Minimum Wage Commission of the wage differences they notice in relation to those paid to workers who perform similar work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330
Los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen las atribuciones y deberes especiales siguientes:
I. Comprobar si las personas que proporcionan trabajo a domicilio se encuentran inscritas en el Registro de Patrones. En caso de que no lo estén, les ordenarán que se registren, apercibiéndolas que de no hacerlo en un término no mayor de 10 días, se les aplicarán las sanciones que señala esta Ley;
II. Comprobar si se llevan correctamente y se encuentran al día los Libros de registro de trabajadores a domicilio y las Libretas de trabajo a domicilio;
III. Vigilar que la tarifa de salarios se fije en lugar visible de los locales en donde se reciba y proporcione el trabajo;
IV. Verificar si los salarios se pagan de acuerdo con la tarifa respectiva;
V. Vigilar que los salarios no sean inferiores a los que se paguen en la empresa al trabajador similar;
VI. Practicar visitas en los locales donde se ejecute el trabajo, para vigilar que se cumplan las disposiciones sobre higiene y seguridad; y
VII. Informar a la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos las diferencias de salarios que adviertan, en relación con los que se paguen a trabajadores que ejecuten trabajos similares.
CAPÍTULO XII BIS / Teletrabajo
Telework is a form of subordinate labor organization consisting of the performance of remunerated activities in places other than the establishment or establishments of the employer, so that the physical presence at the workplace of the worker under the telework modality is not required, primarily using information and communication technologies for contact and command between the worker under the telework modality and the employer.
A worker under the telework modality shall be one who provides personal, remunerated and subordinate services in a place other than the facilities of the company or source of work of the employer and who uses information and communication technologies.
For the purposes of the telework modality, information and communication technologies shall mean the set of services, infrastructure, networks, software, computer applications and devices whose purpose is to facilitate tasks and functions at workplaces, as well as those needed for the management and transformation of information, in particular the technological components that make it possible to create, modify, store, protect and retrieve that information.
Employment relationships carried out more than forty percent of the time at the domicile of the worker under the telework modality, or at the domicile chosen by the worker, shall be governed by the provisions of this Chapter.
Work performed occasionally or sporadically shall not be considered telework.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-A
El teletrabajo es una forma de organización laboral subordinada que consiste en el desempeño de actividades remuneradas, en lugares distintos al establecimiento o establecimientos del patrón, por lo que no se requiere la presencia física de la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo, en el centro de trabajo, utilizando primordialmente las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, para el contacto y mando entre la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo y el patrón.
La persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo será quien preste sus servicios personal, remunerado y subordinado en lugar distinto a las instalaciones de la empresa o fuente de trabajo del patrón y utilice las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
Para efectos de la modalidad de teletrabajo, se entenderá por tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, al conjunto de servicios, infraestructura, redes, software, aplicaciones informáticas y dispositivos que tienen como propósito facilitar las tareas y funciones en los centros de trabajo, así como las que se necesitan para la gestión y transformación de la información, en particular los componentes tecnológicos que permiten crear, modificar, almacenar, proteger y recuperar esa información.
Se regirán por las disposiciones del presente Capítulo las relaciones laborales que se desarrollen más del cuarenta por ciento del tiempo en el domicilio de la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo, o en el domicilio elegido por ésta.
No será considerado teletrabajo aquel que se realice de forma ocasional o esporádica.
The working conditions shall be recorded in writing by means of a contract, and each of the parties shall keep a copy. In addition to the provisions of Article 25 of this Law, the contract shall contain:
I. Name, nationality, age, sex and domicile of the parties;
II. Nature and characteristics of the work;
III. Amount of the wage, date and place or form of payment;
IV. The work equipment and supplies, including those related to the safety and health obligations, delivered to the worker under the telework modality;
V. The description and amount that the employer shall pay the worker under the telework modality for the payment of services at home related to telework;
VI. The mechanisms for contact and supervision between the parties, as well as the duration and distribution of schedules, provided that they do not exceed the legal maximums, and
VII. Other stipulations agreed upon by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-B
Las condiciones de trabajo se harán constar por escrito mediante un contrato y cada una de las partes conservará un ejemplar. Además de lo establecido en el artículo 25 de esta Ley, el contrato contendrá:
I. Nombre, nacionalidad, edad, sexo y domicilio de las partes;
II. Naturaleza y características del trabajo;
III. Monto del salario, fecha y lugar o forma de pago;
IV. El equipo e insumos de trabajo, incluyendo el relacionado con las obligaciones de seguridad y salud que se entregan a la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo;
V. La descripción y monto que el patrón pagará a la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo por concepto de pago de servicios en el domicilio relacionados con el teletrabajo;
VI. Los mecanismos de contacto y supervisión entre las partes, así como la duración y distribución de horarios, siempre que no excedan los máximos legales, y
VII. Las demás estipulaciones que convengan las partes.
The telework modality shall form part of the collective bargaining agreement that, as the case may be, exists between labor unions and companies, and a copy of these agreements shall be delivered free of charge to each of the workers who perform their work under this modality.
Likewise, the remote communication and dissemination mechanisms available at the workplace, including e-mail or others, shall be made available in order to guarantee that workers under the telework modality are aware of the freedom of association and collective bargaining procedures, as established by the obligations provided for in sections XXXII and XXXIII of Article 132 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-C
La modalidad de teletrabajo formará parte del contrato colectivo de trabajo, que en su caso exista entre sindicatos y empresas, y deberá entregarse gratuitamente una copia de estos contratos a cada una de las personas trabajadoras que desempeñen sus labores bajo esta modalidad.
Asimismo, deberán de facilitar los mecanismos de comunicación y difusión a distancia con los que cuente el centro de trabajo, incluyendo el correo electrónico u otros, con el fin de garantizar que las personas trabajadoras bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo tengan conocimiento de los procedimientos de libertad sindical y negociación colectiva, como lo establecen las obligaciones previstas en las fracciones XXXII y XXXIII del artículo 132 de la presente Ley.
Employers that do not have a collective bargaining agreement shall include telework in their internal work regulations and shall establish mechanisms that guarantee connection and contact among the workers who perform their work under this modality.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-D
Los patrones que no cuenten con un contrato colectivo de trabajo deberán incluir el teletrabajo en su reglamento interior de trabajo, y establecer mecanismos que garanticen la vinculación y contacto entre las personas trabajadoras que desempeñen sus labores bajo esta modalidad.
In the telework modality, employers shall have the following special obligations:
I. To provide, install and be responsible for the maintenance of the equipment necessary for telework, such as computer equipment, ergonomic chairs and printers, among others;
II. To receive the work in a timely manner and pay the wages in the stipulated form and on the stipulated dates;
III. To assume the costs deriving from work under the telework modality, including, as the case may be, the payment of telecommunication services and the proportional part of electricity;
IV. To keep a record of the supplies delivered to workers under the telework modality, in compliance with the provisions on occupational safety and health established by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS);
V. To implement mechanisms that preserve the security of the information and data used by workers under the telework modality;
VI. To respect the right of workers under the telework modality to disconnect at the end of the working day;
VII. To register workers under the telework modality in the mandatory social security regime, and
VIII. To establish the training and advisory mechanisms necessary to guarantee the adaptation, learning and proper use of information technologies by workers under the telework modality, with special emphasis on those who change from the in-person modality to telework.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-E
En modalidad de teletrabajo, los patrones tendrán las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Proporcionar, instalar y encargarse del mantenimiento de los equipos necesarios para el teletrabajo como equipo de cómputo, sillas ergonómicas, impresoras, entre otros;
II. Recibir oportunamente el trabajo y pagar los salarios en la forma y fechas estipuladas;
III. Asumir los costos derivados del trabajo a través de la modalidad de teletrabajo, incluyendo, en su caso, el pago de servicios de telecomunicación y la parte proporcional de electricidad;
IV. Llevar registro de los insumos entregados a las personas trabajadoras bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo, en cumplimiento a las disposiciones en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo establecidas por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
V. Implementar mecanismos que preserven la seguridad de la información y datos utilizados por las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo;
VI. Respetar el derecho a la desconexión de las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo al término de la jornada laboral;
VII. Inscribir a las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo al régimen obligatorio de la seguridad social, y
VIII. Establecer los mecanismos de capacitación y asesoría necesarios para garantizar la adaptación, aprendizaje y el uso adecuado de las tecnologías de la información de las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo, con especial énfasis en aquellas que cambien de modalidad presencial a teletrabajo.
Workers under the telework modality have the following special obligations:
I. To exercise the greatest care in the safekeeping and preservation of the equipment, materials and implements they receive from the employer;
II. To report in a timely manner on the agreed costs for the use of telecommunications services and electricity consumption deriving from telework;
III. To obey and conduct themselves in accordance with the provisions on occupational safety and health established by the employer;
IV. To heed and use the mechanisms and operating systems for the supervision of their activities, and
V. To comply with the data protection policies and mechanisms used in the performance of their activities, as well as the restrictions on their use and storage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-F
Las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Tener el mayor cuidado en la guarda y conservación de los equipos, materiales y útiles que reciban del patrón;
II. Informar con oportunidad sobre los costos pactados para el uso de los servicios de telecomunicaciones y del consumo de electricidad, derivados del teletrabajo;
III. Obedecer y conducirse con apego a las disposiciones en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo establecidas por el patrón;
IV. Atender y utilizar los mecanismos y sistemas operativos para la supervisión de sus actividades, y
V. Atender las políticas y mecanismos de protección de datos utilizados en el desempeño de sus actividades, así como las restricciones sobre su uso y almacenamiento.
The change from the in-person modality to telework shall be voluntary and established in writing in accordance with this Chapter, except in duly proven cases of force majeure.
In any case, when there is a change to the telework modality, the parties shall have the right of reversibility to the in-person modality, for which purpose they may agree on the mechanisms, processes and times necessary to give effect to their wish to return to that modality.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-G
El cambio en la modalidad de presencial a teletrabajo, deberá ser voluntario y establecido por escrito conforme al presente Capítulo, salvo casos de fuerza mayor debidamente acreditada.
En todo caso, cuando se dé un cambio a la modalidad de teletrabajo las partes tendrán el derecho de reversibilidad a la modalidad presencial, para lo cual podrán pactar los mecanismos, procesos y tiempos necesarios para hacer válida su voluntad de retorno a dicha modalidad.
The employer must promote balance in the employment relationship of workers under the telework modality, so that they enjoy dignified or decent work and equal treatment with regard to remuneration, training, education, social security, access to better job opportunities and the other conditions that Article 2 of this Law guarantees to in-person workers who provide their services at the company's premises. Likewise, it shall observe a gender perspective that makes it possible to reconcile personal life and the availability of workers under the telework modality during the working day.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-H
El patrón debe promover el equilibrio de la relación laboral de las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo, a fin de que gocen de un trabajo digno o decente y de igualdad de trato en cuanto a remuneración, capacitación, formación, seguridad social, acceso a mejores oportunidades laborales y demás condiciones que ampara el artículo 2o. de la presente Ley a los trabajadores presenciales que prestan sus servicios en la sede de la empresa. Asimismo, deberá observar una perspectiva de género que permita conciliar la vida personal y la disponibilidad de las personas trabajadoras bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo en la jornada laboral.
The mechanisms, operating systems and any technology used to supervise telework shall be proportional to their objective, guaranteeing the right to privacy of workers under the telework modality and respecting the applicable legal framework on personal data protection.
Video cameras and microphones may only be used to supervise telework on an extraordinary basis, or when the nature of the functions performed by the worker under the telework modality so requires.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-I
Los mecanismos, sistemas operativos y cualquier tecnología utilizada para supervisar el teletrabajo deberán ser proporcionales a su objetivo, garantizando el derecho a la intimidad de las personas trabajadoras bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo, y respetando el marco jurídico aplicable en materia de protección de datos personales.
Solamente podrán utilizarse cámaras de video y micrófonos para supervisar el teletrabajo de manera extraordinaria, o cuando la naturaleza de las funciones desempeñadas por la persona trabajadora bajo la modalidad de teletrabajo lo requiera.
The special safety and health conditions for work performed under this Chapter shall be established by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare in an Official Mexican Standard (NOM), which shall consider ergonomic and psychosocial factors and other risks that could cause adverse effects on the life, physical integrity or health of workers who work under the telework modality.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-J
Las condiciones especiales de seguridad y salud para los trabajos desarrollados al amparo del presente Capítulo serán establecidas por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en una Norma Oficial Mexicana, misma que deberá considerar a los factores ergonómicos, psicosociales, y otros riesgos que pudieran causar efectos adversos para la vida, integridad física o salud de las personas trabajadoras que se desempeñen en la modalidad de teletrabajo.
Labor Inspectors have the following special powers and duties:
I. To verify that employers keep a record of the supplies delivered to workers under the telework modality, in compliance with occupational safety and health obligations;
II. To ensure that wages are not lower than those paid in the company to an in-person worker with equal or similar functions;
III. To verify due compliance with the special obligations established in this Chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 330-K
Los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen las atribuciones y deberes especiales siguientes:
I. Comprobar que los patrones lleven registro de los insumos entregados a las personas trabajadoras en la modalidad de teletrabajo, en cumplimiento a las obligaciones de seguridad y salud en el trabajo;
II. Vigilar que los salarios no sean inferiores a los que se paguen en la empresa al trabajador presencial con funciones iguales o similares;
III. Constatar el debido cumplimiento de las obligaciones especiales establecidas en el presente Capítulo.
CAPITULO XIII / Personas Trabajadoras del Hogar
A domestic worker is a person who, for remuneration, performs care, cleaning, assistance or any other activity inherent to the household within the framework of an employment relationship that does not entail a direct economic benefit for the employer, in accordance with the daily hours or weekly working hours established by law, under any of the following modalities:
I. Domestic workers who work for one employer and reside at the domicile where they perform their activities.
II. Domestic workers who work for one employer and do not reside at the domicile where they perform their activities.
III. Domestic workers who work for different employers and do not reside at the domicile of any of them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 331
Persona trabajadora del hogar es aquella que de manera remunerada realice actividades de cuidados, aseo, asistencia o cualquier otra actividad inherente al hogar en el marco de una relación laboral que no importe para la persona empleadora beneficio económico directo, conforme a las horas diarias o jornadas semanales establecidas en la ley, en cualquiera de las siguientes modalidades:
I. Personas trabajadoras del hogar que trabajen para una persona empleadora y residan en el domicilio donde realice sus actividades.
II. Personas trabajadoras del hogar que trabajen para una persona empleadora y que no residan en el domicilio donde realice sus actividades.
III. Personas trabajadoras del hogar que trabajen para diferentes personas empleadoras y que no residan en el domicilio de ninguna de ellas.
The hiring of adolescents under fifteen years of age for domestic work is prohibited.
In the case of adolescents over fifteen years of age, in order to hire them the employer shall:
I. Require a medical certificate issued by a public health institution at least twice a year.
II. Set working hours that do not exceed, under any circumstances, six (6) hours of work per day and thirty-six (36) hours per week.
III. Avoid hiring adolescents over fifteen years of age who have not completed at least secondary education, unless the employer undertakes to ensure that they complete it.
If the adolescent lives at the domicile where she performs her activities and provides her services for a single person, it shall be guaranteed that the space where she sleeps is safe.
Everything provided in this article is subject to the supervision of the competent labor authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 331 Bis
Queda prohibida la contratación para el trabajo del hogar de adolescentes menores de quince años de edad.
Tratándose de adolescentes mayores de quince años, para su contratación el patrón deberá:
I. Solicitar certificado médico expedido por una institución de salud pública por lo menos dos veces al año.
II. Fijar jornadas laborales que no excedan, bajo ninguna circunstancia, las seis (6) horas diarias de labor y treinta y seis (36) horas semanales.
III. Evitar la contratación de personas adolescentes mayores de quince años que no hayan concluido cuando menos la educación secundaria, a excepción de que la persona empleadora se haga cargo de que finalice la misma.
En el caso en el que la adolescente habite en el domicilio en donde realiza sus actividades y preste sus servicios para una sola persona, deberá garantizarse que el espacio en donde pernocte sea seguro.
Todo lo dispuesto en este artículo queda sujeto a la supervisión de la autoridad laboral competente.
Domestic work shall be established through a written contract, in accordance with national legislation or collective agreements, which shall include at least:
I. The name and surnames of the employer and of the domestic worker;
II. The address of the habitual place of work;
III. The start date of the contract and, when it is entered into for a specific period, its duration;
IV. The type of work to be performed;
V. The remuneration, the method of calculating it and the frequency of payments;
VI. The hours of work;
VII. Paid annual vacation and daily and weekly rest periods;
VIII. The provision of food and accommodation, where applicable;
IX. The conditions relating to the termination of the employment relationship, and
X. The work tools that will be provided for the proper performance of the work activities.
Food intended for domestic workers shall be hygienic and nutritious, as well as of the same quality and quantity as that intended for consumption by the employer.
It is prohibited to request a certificate or proof of non-pregnancy for the hiring of a woman as a domestic worker; and a pregnant worker may not be dismissed; if this occurs, the dismissal shall be presumed to be discrimination.
If the employer requires the domestic worker to wear a uniform or work clothing, the cost thereof shall be borne by the employer.
The employment contract shall be established without distinction of conditions in the case of migrant domestic workers.
All types of discrimination, under Article 1 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States and Article 1, section III of the Federal Law to Prevent and Eliminate Discrimination, are prohibited at all stages of the employment relationship and in the establishment of working conditions, as is any treatment that violates the dignity of domestic workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 331 Ter
El trabajo del hogar deberá fijarse mediante contrato por escrito, de conformidad con la legislación nacional o con convenios colectivos, que incluya como mínimo:
I. El nombre y apellidos de la persona empleadora y de la persona trabajadora del hogar;
II. La dirección del lugar de trabajo habitual;
III. La fecha de inicio del contrato y, cuando éste se suscriba para un período específico, su duración;
IV. El tipo de trabajo por realizar;
V. La remuneración, el método de cálculo de la misma y la periodicidad de los pagos;
VI. Las horas de trabajo;
VII. Las vacaciones anuales pagadas y los períodos de descanso diario y semanal;
VIII. El suministro de alimentos y alojamiento, cuando proceda;
IX. Las condiciones relativas a la terminación de la relación de trabajo, y
X. Las herramientas de trabajo que serán brindadas para el correcto desempeño de las actividades laborales.
Los alimentos destinados a las personas trabajadoras del hogar deberán ser higiénicos y nutritivos, además de ser de la misma calidad y cantidad de los destinados al consumo de la persona empleadora.
Queda prohibido solicitar constancia o prueba de no gravidez para la contratación de una mujer como trabajadora del hogar; y no podrá despedirse a una persona trabajadora embarazada, de ser el caso, el despido se presumirá como discriminación.
En caso de que la persona empleadora requiera que la trabajadora del hogar utilice uniforme o ropa de trabajo, el costo de los mismos quedará a cargo de la persona empleadora.
El contrato de trabajo se establecerá sin distinción de condiciones, al tratarse de personas trabajadoras del hogar migrantes.
Queda prohibida todo tipo de discriminación, en términos de los artículos 1°. de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, y 1, fracción III de la Ley Federal para Prevenir y Eliminar la Discriminación, en todas las etapas de la relación laboral y en el establecimiento de las condiciones laborales, así como cualquier trato que vulnere la dignidad de las personas trabajadoras del hogar.
The following are not considered domestic workers and are consequently subject to the general or particular provisions of this Law:
I. Persons who perform domestic work only occasionally or sporadically.
II. Persons who provide cleaning, assistance, customer service and other similar services in hotels, boarding houses, restaurants, eating houses, bars, hospitals, sanatoriums, schools, boarding schools and other similar establishments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 332
No se considera persona trabajadora del hogar y en consecuencia quedan sujetas a las disposiciones generales o particulares de esta Ley:
I. Quien realice trabajo del hogar únicamente de forma ocasional o esporádica.
II. Quien preste servicios de aseo, asistencia, atención de clientes y otros semejantes, en hoteles, casas de asistencia, restaurantes, fondas, bares, hospitales, sanatorios, colegios, internados y otros establecimientos análogos.
Domestic workers who reside at the domicile where they perform their activities shall enjoy a minimum daily night rest of nine consecutive hours and a minimum daily rest of three hours between the morning and afternoon activities, and the daily day shift may not exceed the eight hours per day established in this Law.
The periods during which domestic workers do not freely dispose of their time and remain at the disposal of the household to respond to possible requirements of their work and/or when the hours established by Law for each type of shift are exceeded shall be considered overtime, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 58 through 68 of this legal instrument.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 333
Las personas trabajadoras del hogar que residan en el domicilio donde realicen sus actividades deberán disfrutar de un descanso mínimo diario nocturno de nueve horas consecutivas, y de un descanso mínimo diario de tres horas entre las actividades matutinas y vespertinas, sin que la jornada diaria diurna pueda excederse de las ocho horas diarias establecidas en la presente Ley.
Los periodos durante los cuales las personas trabajadoras del hogar no disponen libremente de su tiempo y permanecen a disposición del hogar para responder a posibles requerimientos de su trabajo y/o cuando se excedan las horas establecidas en la Ley para cada tipo de jornada, deberán considerarse como horas extras, conforme a lo dispuesto en los artículos 58 a 68 del presente ordenamiento.
Employers shall in all cases guarantee meals for domestic workers.
In cases where the worker resides at the domicile where he or she performs his or her activities, housing shall also be guaranteed in addition to meals.
Unless expressly agreed otherwise, the remuneration of the domestic worker includes, in addition to the cash payment, meals and housing. For the purposes of this Law, meals and housing shall be deemed equivalent to 50% of the wage paid in cash.
The wage to which they are entitled may be paid through bank transfer or any other legal monetary means of payment, with the consent of the domestic worker concerned.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 334
Las personas empleadoras garantizarán en todos los casos los alimentos para las personas trabajadoras del hogar.
En aquellos casos en los que la persona trabajadora resida en el domicilio donde realicen sus actividades les será garantizada además de los alimentos, la habitación.
Salvo lo expresamente pactado, la retribución del trabajador del hogar comprende, además del pago en efectivo, los alimentos y la habitación. Para los efectos de esta Ley, los alimentos y habitación se estimarán equivalentes al 50% del salario que se pague en efectivo.
El salario a que tienen derecho podrá efectuarse a través de transferencia bancaria o cualquier otro medio de pago monetario legal, con el consentimiento de la persona trabajadora del hogar interesada.
Domestic workers shall have the following benefits in accordance with the provisions of this Law and shall be covered by the mandatory social security regime:
a. Vacation;
b. Vacation premium;
c. Payment for rest days;
d. Mandatory access to social security;
e. Year-end bonus (aguinaldo); and
f. Any other benefit that may be agreed upon between the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 334 Bis
Las personas trabajadoras del hogar contarán con las siguientes prestaciones conforme a las disposiciones de la presente Ley y estarán comprendidas en el régimen obligatorio del seguro social:
a. Vacaciones;
b. Prima vacacional;
c. Pago de días de descanso;
d. Acceso obligatorio a la seguridad social;
e. Aguinaldo; y
f. Cualquier otra prestación que se pudieren pactar entre las partes.
The National Minimum Wage Commission shall set the professional minimum wages to be paid to domestic workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 335
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos fijará los salarios mínimos profesionales que deberán pagarse a las personas trabajadoras del hogar.
Domestic workers are entitled to an uninterrupted weekly rest of one and a half days, preferably on Saturday and Sunday. By agreement between the parties, the half days may be accumulated in periods of two weeks, but one full day of rest must be enjoyed each week.
Weekly rest days shall apply to domestic workers in accordance with the provisions of this article.
Domestic workers shall be entitled to the mandatory rest days provided for in Article 74 of this Law.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, if these days are worked, the rules provided for in this Law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 336
Las personas trabajadoras del hogar, tienen derecho a un descanso semanal de día y medio ininterrumpido, preferiblemente en sábado y domingo. Mediante acuerdo entre las partes podrá acordarse la acumulación de los medios días en periodos de dos semanas, pero habrá de disfrutarse de un día completo de descanso en cada semana.
Los días de descanso semanal se aplicarán a las personas trabajadoras del hogar conforme a lo dispuesto en el presente artículo.
Las personas trabajadoras del hogar tendrán derecho a los días de descanso obligatorio previstos en el artículo 74 de esta Ley.
Para los efectos de los párrafos anteriores, en caso de que estos días se laboren se aplicarán las reglas previstas en esta Ley.
The vacation granted to domestic workers shall be governed by the provisions of Title Three, Chapter IV of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 336 Bis
Las vacaciones que se otorguen a las personas trabajadoras del hogar, se regirán por lo dispuesto en el Título Tercero, Capítulo IV de la presente Ley.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. To show consideration to the domestic worker, refraining from any verbal or physical mistreatment.
II. To provide the worker with comfortable and hygienic lodging, healthy and sufficient food, and working conditions that ensure life and health; and
III. The employer shall cooperate in the general education of the domestic worker, in accordance with the rules issued by the corresponding authorities.
IV. To register the worker with the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) and pay the corresponding contributions in accordance with the rules applicable to the matter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 337
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Guardar consideración al trabajador del hogar, absteniéndose de todo mal trato de palabra o de obra.
II. Proporcionar al trabajador habitación cómoda e higiénica, alimentación sana y suficiente y condiciones de trabajo que aseguren la vida y la salud; y
III. El patrón deberá cooperar para la instrucción general del trabajador del hogar, de conformidad con las normas que dicten las autoridades correspondientes.
IV. Inscribir a la parte trabajadora al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social y pagar las cuotas correspondientes conforme a las normas aplicables en la materia.
Migrant domestic workers, in addition to the provisions of this chapter, shall be governed by the provisions of Articles 28 and 28 A of this Law, by the international treaties to which the Mexican State is a party and by the other applicable legal provisions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 337 Bis
Las personas migrantes trabajadoras del hogar además de lo dispuesto en el presente capítulo, se regirán por las disposiciones de los artículos 28, 28 A de esta Ley, en los tratados internacionales de los que el Estado Mexicano sea parte y en las demás disposiciones jurídicas aplicables.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 338
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 339
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 340
Se deroga.
Failure to comply with the obligations set forth in this Law is a cause for rescission of the employment relationships.
All those cases contemplated in this Law, as well as those arising explicitly on grounds of gender-based violence at work and discrimination under Article 1 of the Political Constitution of the Mexican States and the applicable legislation, shall be considered unjustified dismissal of domestic workers.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the indemnity shall be that provided for in Article 50 of this legal code.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 341
Es causa de rescisión de las relaciones de trabajo el incumplimiento de las obligaciones consignadas en esta Ley.
Se considerará despido injustificado de las personas trabajadoras del hogar todas aquellas contempladas en la presente Ley, así como aquellas que se den por motivos de violencia de género en el trabajo de manera explícita y discriminación conforme lo establecido en el artículo 1°. de la Constitución Política de los Estados Mexicanos y la legislación aplicable.
Para los efectos del párrafo anterior, la indemnización será la prevista en el artículo 50 del presente ordenamiento.
Domestic workers may terminate the employment relationship at any time by giving the employer eight days' notice.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 342
Las personas trabajadoras del hogar podrán dar por terminada en cualquier tiempo la relación de trabajo, dando aviso a la persona empleadora con ocho días de anticipación.
The employer may terminate the employment relationship within the thirty days following the commencement of the work, and at any time, by giving the domestic worker eight days' notice and paying the corresponding indemnity in accordance with Articles 49, section IV, and 50.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343
La persona empleadora podrá dar por terminada dentro de los treinta días siguientes a la iniciación del trabajo; y en cualquier tiempo la relación laboral, dando aviso a la persona trabajadora del hogar con ocho días de anticipación pagando la indemnización que corresponda de conformidad con lo dispuesto en los artículos 49, fracción IV, y 50.
Capitulo XIII Bis / De Los Trabajadores en Minas
The provisions of this chapter apply to all coal mines in the Mexican Republic and to all their mining developments in whatever mining stage they may be, whether prospecting, preparation, exploration or exploitation, regardless of the type of exploration and exploitation involved, whether underground mines, drag mines, open-pit workings, inclined and vertical shafts, as well as extraction in any of its forms carried out by artisanal means, all of which, for the purposes of this Law, are considered workplaces.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343-A
Las disposiciones de este capítulo son aplicables en todas las minas de carbón de la República Mexicana, y a todos sus desarrollos mineros en cualquiera de sus etapas mineras en que se encuentre, ya sea, prospección, preparación, exploración y explotación, independientemente del tipo de exploración y explotación de que se trate, ya sean, minas subterráneas, minas de arrastre, tajos a cielo abierto, tiros inclinados y verticales, así como la extracción en cualquiera de sus modalidades, llevada a cabo en forma artesanal, mismas que, para los efectos de esta Ley, son consideradas centros de trabajo.
Every workplace must have an occupational safety and health management system and a person responsible for its operation, designated by the employer, under the terms established by the applicable regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343-B
Todo centro de trabajo debe contar con un sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo y con un responsable de su funcionamiento, designado por el patrón, en los términos que establezca la normatividad aplicable.
Independently of the obligations imposed on the employer by this Law or other regulatory provisions, the employer is obligated to:
I. Provide and maintain in hygienic condition facilities where its workers can wash and eat;
II. Have, before and during exploration and exploitation, the plans, studies and analyses necessary for the activities to be carried out under safe conditions, which shall be updated each time there is a relevant modification in the work processes;
III. Inform workers in a clear and understandable manner of the risks associated with their activity, the dangers these entail for their health and the applicable prevention and protection measures;
IV. Provide the necessary personal protective equipment in order to prevent the occurrence of occupational risks, and train workers in its use and operation;
V. Have adequate ventilation and support systems in all underground workings, which shall have at least two exit routes from any work face, connected to each other;
VI. Establish an adequate supervision and control system in each shift and at each work face, making it possible to guarantee that the mine is operated under safe conditions;
VII. Implement a register and system making it possible to know precisely the names of all persons who are in the mine, as well as to keep a record of entries into and exits from it;
VIII. Suspend activities and order the evacuation of workers to a safe place in the event of an imminent risk to their safety and health; and
IX. Not hire, or allow the hiring of, minors under 18 years of age.
The operators of the concessions covering the mining lots in which the workplaces referred to in this Chapter are located shall ensure that the employer complies with its obligations. The operators of the mining concessions shall be subsidiarily liable in the event of an occurrence in which one or more workers suffer permanent partial or total disability, or death, arising from such occurrence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343-C
Independientemente de las obligaciones que la presente Ley u otras disposiciones normativas le impongan, el patrón está obligado a:
I. Facilitar y mantener en condiciones higiénicas instalaciones para que sus trabajadores puedan asearse y comer;
II. Contar, antes y durante la exploración y explotación, con los planos, estudios y análisis necesarios para que las actividades se desarrollen en condiciones de seguridad, los que deberán actualizarse cada vez que exista una modificación relevante en los procesos de trabajo;
III. Informar a los trabajadores de manera clara y comprensible los riesgos asociados a su actividad, los peligros que éstos implican para su salud y las medidas de prevención y protección aplicables;
IV. Proporcionar el equipo de protección personal necesario, a fin de evitar la ocurrencia de riesgos de trabajo y capacitar a los trabajadores respecto de su utilización y funcionamiento;
V. Contar con sistemas adecuados de ventilación y fortificación en todas las explotaciones subterráneas, las que deberán tener dos vías de salida, por lo menos, desde cualquier frente de trabajo, comunicadas entre sí;
VI. Establecer un sistema de supervisión y control adecuados en cada turno y frente de trabajo, que permitan garantizar que la explotación de la mina se efectúa en condiciones de seguridad;
VII. Implementar un registro y sistema que permita conocer con precisión los nombres de todas las personas que se encuentran en la mina, así como mantener un control de entradas y salidas de ésta;
VIII. Suspender las actividades y disponer la evacuación de los trabajadores a un lugar seguro en caso de riesgo inminente para la seguridad y salud de los mismos; y
IX. No contratar o permitir que se contrate a menores de 18 años.
Los operadores de las concesiones que amparen los lotes mineros, en los cuales se ubiquen los centros de trabajo a que se refiere este Capítulo, deberán cerciorarse de que el patrón cumpla con sus obligaciones. Los operadores de las concesiones mineras serán subsidiariamente responsables, en caso de que ocurra un suceso en donde uno o más trabajadores sufran incapacidad permanente parcial o total, o la muerte, derivada de dicho suceso.
Workers may refuse to provide their services, provided that the Joint Safety and Hygiene Commission confirms that:
I. They do not have the proper training and instruction enabling them to identify the risks to which they are exposed, how to avoid exposure to them and how to perform their work under safe conditions.
II. The employer does not provide them with personal protective equipment or does not train them in its correct use.
III. They identify situations of imminent risk that may endanger their life, physical integrity or health or those of their coworkers.
When workers become aware of situations of imminent risk, they shall withdraw from the workplace exposed to that risk, informing the employer, any of the members of the Safety and Hygiene Commission or the Labor Inspectorate of this circumstance.
Once the Labor Inspectorate learns, by any means or in any form, that a situation of imminent risk exists, it shall verify the existence of such risk through the Labor Inspectors it commissions for that purpose and shall immediately order the corrective or preventive safety and hygiene measures in order to safeguard the life, physical integrity or health of the workers. Such measures may consist of the total or partial suspension of the activities of the mine and even the restriction of workers' access to the workplace until the safety measures necessary to prevent the occurrence of an accident are adopted.
If an employer refuses to receive the labor authority, the latter may request the assistance of the Federal, State or Municipal public security forces, as the case may be, to enter the workplace and carry out its functions of overseeing compliance with labor regulations. The Labor Inspectorate shall notify this circumstance to the mining authority so that the latter may proceed to suspend the mining works and operations under the Law on the matter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343-D
Los trabajadores podrán negarse a prestar sus servicios, siempre y cuando la Comisión Mixta de Seguridad e Higiene confirme que:
I. No cuenten con la debida capacitación y adiestramiento que les permita identificar los riesgos a los que están expuestos, la forma de evitar la exposición a los mismos y realizar sus labores en condiciones de seguridad.
II. El patrón no les entregue el equipo de protección personal o no los capacite para su correcta utilización.
III. Identifiquen situaciones de riesgo inminente que puedan poner en peligro su vida, integridad física o salud o las de sus compañeros de trabajo.
Cuando los trabajadores tengan conocimiento de situaciones de riesgo inminente, deberán retirarse del lugar de trabajo expuesto a ese riesgo, haciendo del conocimiento de esta circunstancia al patrón, a cualquiera de los integrantes de la Comisión de Seguridad e Higiene o a la Inspección del Trabajo.
Enterada la Inspección del Trabajo, por cualquier medio o forma, de que existe una situación de riesgo inminente, deberá constatar la existencia de dicho riesgo, a través de los Inspectores del Trabajo que comisione para tal efecto, y de manera inmediata, ordenar las medidas correctivas o preventivas en materia de seguridad e higiene con la finalidad de salvaguardar la vida, la integridad física o la salud de los trabajadores. Dichas medidas podrán consistir en la suspensión total o parcial de las actividades de la mina e inclusive en la restricción de acceso de los trabajadores al centro de trabajo hasta en tanto no se adopten las medidas de seguridad necesarias para inhibir la ocurrencia de un siniestro.
En caso de que un patrón se niegue a recibir a la autoridad laboral, ésta podrá solicitar el auxilio de la fuerza pública, Federal, Estatal o Municipal, según sea el caso, para ingresar al centro de trabajo y cumplir con sus funciones de vigilancia del cumplimiento de la normatividad laboral. La Inspección del Trabajo deberá notificar esta circunstancia a la autoridad minera para que ésta proceda a la suspensión de obras y trabajos mineros en los términos de la Ley de la materia.
The persons responsible for and directly in charge of the operation and supervision of mining works and developments who intentionally or negligently fail to implement the safety measures provided for in the regulations, and who have previously been identified in writing in an opinion of the competent authority stating legal grounds and reasons, shall be subject to the following penalties:
I. A fine of up to 2,000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), when their omission results in an occupational risk that causes permanent partial disability to one or more workers;
II. A fine of up to 3,500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when their omission results in an occupational risk that causes permanent total disability to one or more workers, and
III. A fine of up to 5,000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when their omission results in an occupational risk that causes the death of the worker.
The foregoing is without prejudice to the Labor Inspection Office or the Court hearing the case referring the facts to the public prosecutor's office.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 343-E
A los responsables y encargados directos de la operación y supervisión de los trabajos y desarrollos mineros, que dolosamente o negligentemente omitan implementar las medidas de seguridad previstas en la normatividad, y que hayan sido previamente identificados por escrito en dictamen fundado y motivado de la autoridad competente, se les aplicarán las penas siguientes:
I. Multa de hasta 2,000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando por su omisión se produzca un riesgo de trabajo, que genere a uno o varios trabajadores una incapacidad permanente parcial;
II. Multa de hasta 3,500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando por su omisión se produzca un riesgo de trabajo, que genere a uno o varios trabajadores una incapacidad permanente total, y
III. Multa de hasta 5,000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando por su omisión se produzca un riesgo de trabajo, que provoque la muerte del trabajador.
Lo anterior, sin perjuicio de que la Oficina de Inspección de Trabajo o el Tribunal que conozca del caso, dé vista de los hechos al Ministerio Público.
CAPITULO XIV / Trabajo en hoteles, restaurantes, bares y otros establecimientos análogos
The provisions of this chapter apply to workers in hotels, boarding houses, restaurants, eateries, cafés, bars and other similar establishments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 344
Las disposiciones de este capítulo se aplican a los trabajadores en hoteles, casas de asistencia, restaurantes, fondas, cafés, bares y otros establecimientos análogos.
The National Minimum Wage Commission shall set the professional minimum wages that must be paid to these workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 345
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos fijará los salarios mínimos profesionales que deberán pagarse a estos trabajadores.
Tips are part of the wages of the workers referred to in this chapter under Article 347.
Employers may not reserve tips for themselves or have any share in them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 346
Las propinas son parte del salario de los trabajadores a que se refiere este capítulo en los términos del artículo 347.
Los patrones no podrán reservarse ni tener participación alguna en ellas.
If no percentage of consumption is set as a tip, the parties shall set the increase to be made to the base wage for the payment of any indemnity or benefit owed to the workers. The wage set for these purposes shall be remunerative, and the importance of the establishment where the services are provided shall be taken into consideration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 347
Si no se determina, en calidad de propina, un porcentaje sobre las consumiciones, las partes fijarán el aumento que deba hacerse al salario de base para el pago de cualquier indemnización o prestación que corresponda a los trabajadores. El salario fijado para estos efectos será remunerador, debiendo tomarse en consideración la importancia del establecimiento donde se presten los servicios.
The food provided to workers shall be healthy, plentiful and nutritious.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 348
La alimentación que se proporcione a los trabajadores deberá ser sana, abundante y nutritiva.
Workers are obligated to serve the clientele of the establishment with care and courtesy.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 349
Los trabajadores están obligados a atender con esmero y cortesía a la clientela del establecimiento.
Labor Inspectors have the following special powers and duties:
I. To oversee that the food provided to workers is healthy, plentiful and nutritious;
II. To verify that tips go in their entirety to the workers; and
III. To oversee that the rules on working hours are respected.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 350
Los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen las atribuciones y deberes especiales siguientes:
I. Vigilar que la alimentación que se proporcione a los trabajadores sea sana, abundante y nutritiva;
II. Verificar que las propinas correspondan en su totalidad a los trabajadores; y
III. Vigilar que se respeten las normas sobre jornada de trabajo.
CAPITULO XV / Industria familiar
Family workshops are those in which only the spouses, their ascendants, descendants and wards work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 351
Son talleres familiares aquellos en los que exclusivamente trabajan los cónyuges, sus ascendientes, descendientes y pupilos.
The provisions of this Law do not apply to family workshops, with the exception of the rules on hygiene and safety.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 352
No se aplican a los talleres familiares las disposiciones de esta Ley, con excepción de las normas relativas a higiene y seguridad.
The Labor Inspectorate shall oversee compliance with the rules referred to in the preceding article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353
La Inspección del Trabajo vigilará el cumplimiento de las normas a que se refiere el artículo anterior.
CAPITULO XVI / Trabajos de Médicos Residentes en Período de Adiestramiento en una Especialidad
For the purposes of this Chapter, the following definitions apply:
I. Resident Physician: The medical professional with a legally issued degree registered with the competent authorities who enters a Resident-Receiving Medical Unit to complete a residency.
II. Resident-Receiving Medical Unit: The hospital establishment in which residencies may be completed, which, for the purposes of the General Health Law, require the specialization of medical professionals; and
III. Residency: The set of activities that a Resident Physician must complete during a training period, in order to carry out postgraduate studies and practice in the health discipline to which he or she intends to devote himself or herself, within a Resident-Receiving Medical Unit, for the time and in accordance with the requirements indicated by the respective academic provisions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-A
Para los efectos de este Capítulo, se entiende por:
I. Médico Residente: El profesional de la medicina con Título legalmente expedido y registrado ante las autoridades competentes, que ingrese a una Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes, para cumplir con una residencia.
II. Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes: El establecimiento hospitalario en el cual se pueden cumplir las residencias, que para los efectos de la Ley General de Salud, exige la especialización de los profesionales de la medicina; y
III. Residencia: El conjunto de actividades que deba cumplir un Médico Residente en período de adiestramiento; para realizar estudios y prácticas de postrado, respecto de la disciplina de la salud a que pretenda dedicarse, dentro de una Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes, durante el tiempo y conforme a los requisitos que señalen las disposiciones académicas respectivas.
Employment relationships between Resident Physicians and the legal entity or individual on which the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit depends shall be governed by the provisions of this Chapter and by the stipulations contained in the respective contract, insofar as they do not contradict them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-B
Las relaciones laborales entre los Médicos Residentes y la persona moral o física de quien dependa la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes, se regirán por las disposiciones de este Capítulo y por las estipulaciones contenidas en el contrato respectivo, en cuanto no las contradigan.
The special rights of Resident Physicians, which shall be set forth in the contracts entered into, in addition to those provided for in this Law, are the following:
I. To enjoy the benefits necessary for completing the Residency;
II. To carry out their Residency until completing their specialty, provided that they meet the requirements established in this Chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-C
Son derechos especiales de los Médicos Residentes, que deberán consignarse en los contratos que se otorguen, a más de los previstos en esta Ley, los siguientes:
I. Disfrutar de las prestaciones que sean necesarias para el cumplimiento de la Residencia;
II. Ejercer su Residencia hasta concluir su especialidad, siempre y cuando cumplan con los requisitos que establece este Capítulo.
The special obligations of the Resident Physician are the following:
I. To complete the stage of academic instruction and training in accordance with the academic teaching program in force at the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit;
II. To obey the orders of the persons designated to provide training or to direct the performance of the work, with respect to the former and the latter;
III. To comply with the internal provisions of the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit in question, insofar as they do not contravene those contained in this Law;
IV. To attend theory lectures, clinical, anatomical-clinical, clinical-radiological and bibliographic sessions and the other academic activities indicated as part of the specialization studies;
V. To remain at the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit under the following article; and
VI. To submit to and pass the periodic examinations evaluating the knowledge and skills acquired, in accordance with the academic provisions and administrative rules of the corresponding Unit.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-D
Son obligaciones especiales del Médico Residente, las siguientes:
I. Cumplir la etapa de instrucción académica y el adiestramiento, de acuerdo con el programa docente académico que esté vigente en la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes;
II. Acatar las órdenes de las personas designadas para impartir el adiestramiento o para dirigir el desarrollo del trabajo, en lo concerniente a aquél y a éste;
III. Cumplir las disposiciones internas de la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes de que se trate, en cuanto no contraríen las contenidas en esta Ley;
IV. Asistir a las conferencias de teoría sesiones clínicas, anatomoclínicas, clinicorradiológicas, bibliográficas y demás actividades académicas que se señalen como parte de los estudios de especialización;
V. Permanecer en la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes, en los términos del artículo siguiente; y
VI. Someterse y aprobar los exámenes periódicos de evaluación de conocimientos y destreza adquiridos, de acuerdo a las disposiciones académicas y normas administrativas de la Unidad correspondiente.
The time during which the Resident Physician must remain at the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit, in accordance with the respective teaching provisions, includes the working hours together with training in the specialty, both in relation to patients and in other forms of study or practice, and the periods for rest and meals.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-E
Dentro del tiempo que el Médico Residente debe permanecer en la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes, conforme a las disposiciones docentes respectivas, quedan incluidos, la jornada laboral junto al adiestramiento en la especialidad, tanto en relación con pacientes como en las demás formas de estudio o práctica, y los períodos para disfrutar de reposo e ingerir alimentos.
The employment relationship shall be for a fixed term, not less than one year nor longer than the duration of the residency necessary to obtain the corresponding Specialization Certificate, taking into account in this latter respect the causes for rescission indicated in Article 353. G.
In relation to this Chapter, the provisions of Article 39 of this law shall not apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-F
La relación de trabajo será por tiempo determinado, no menor de un año ni mayor del período de duración de la residencia necesaria para obtener el Certificado de Especialización correspondiente, tomándose en cuenta a este último respecto las causas de rescisión señaladas en el artículo 353. G.
En relación con este Capítulo, no regirá lo dispuesto por el artículo 39 de esta ley.
The following are special causes for rescission of the employment relationship without liability for the employer, in addition to the one established in Article 47:
I. Failure to comply with the obligations referred to in sections I, II, III and VI of Article 353.D;
II. Violation of the technical or administrative rules necessary for the operation of the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit in which the residency is carried out;
III. The commission of breaches of the rules of conduct proper to the medical profession set forth in the Internal Work Regulations of the Resident-Receiving Medical Unit.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-G
Son causas especiales de rescisión de la relación de trabajo, sin responsabilidad para el patrón, además de la que establece el artículo 47, las siguientes:
I. El incumplimiento de las obligaciones a que aluden las fracciones I, II, III y VI del artículo 353.D;
II. La violación de las normas técnicas o administrativas necesarias para el funcionamiento de la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes en la que se efectúe la residencia;
III. La comisión de faltas a las normas de conducta propias de la profesión médica, consignados en el Reglamento Interior de Trabajo de la Unidad Médica Receptora de Residentes.
The following are causes for termination of the employment relationship, in addition to those established in Article 53 of this Law:
I. The conclusion of the Specialization Program;
II. The academic discontinuation of studies in the Specialty in the branch of Medicine of interest to the Resident Physician.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-H
Son causas de terminación de la relación de trabajo, además de las que establece el artículo 53 de esta Ley:
I. La conclusión del Programa de Especialización;
II. La supresión académica de estudios en la Especialidad en la rama de la Medicina que interesa al Médico Residente.
The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to persons who exclusively receive training or instruction courses, as part of their professional education, at health institutions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-I
Las disposiciones de este Capítulo no serán aplicables a aquellas personas que exclusivamente reciben cursos de capacitación o adiestramiento, como parte de su formación profesional, en las instituciones de salud.
CAPITULO XVII / Trabajo en las Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior Autónomas por Ley
The provisions of this Chapter apply to employment relationships between administrative and academic workers and the universities and institutions of higher education that are autonomous by law, and their purpose is to achieve balance and social justice in employment relationships in such a way that they are consistent with the autonomy, the freedom of teaching and research, and the purposes proper to these institutions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-J
Las disposiciones de este Capítulo se aplican a las relaciones de trabajo entre los trabajadores administrativos y académicos y las universidades e instituciones de educación superior autónomas por ley y tienen por objeto conseguir el equilibrio y la justicia social en las relaciones de trabajo, de tal modo que concuerden con la autonomía, la libertad de cátedra e investigación y los fines propios de estas instituciones.
An academic worker is the individual who provides teaching or research services to the universities or institutions referred to in this Chapter, in accordance with the plans and programs established by them. An administrative worker is the individual who provides non-academic services to such universities or institutions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-K
Trabajador académico es la persona física que presta servicios de docencia o investigación a las universidades o instituciones a las que se refiere este Capítulo, conforme a los planes y programas establecidos por las mismas, Trabajador administrativo es la persona física que presta servicios no académicos a tales universidades o instituciones.
It is exclusively for the universities or institutions that are autonomous by law to regulate academic matters.
For an academic worker to be considered subject to an employment relationship for an indefinite term, in addition to the task performed having that character, the worker must pass the academic evaluation carried out by the competent body in accordance with the requirements and procedures established by the universities or institutions themselves.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-L
Corresponde exclusivamente a las universidades o instituciones autónomas por ley regular los aspectos académicos.
Para que un trabajador académico pueda considerarse sujeto a una relación laboral por tiempo indeterminado, además de que la tarea que realice tenga ese carácter, es necesario que sea aprobado en la evaluación académica que efectúe el órgano competente conforme a los requisitos y procedimientos que las propias universidades o instituciones establezcan.
The academic worker may be hired full time or half time. Academic workers devoted exclusively to teaching may be hired per class hour.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-M
El Trabajador académico podrá ser contratado por jornada completa o media jornada. Los trabajadores académicos dedicados exclusivamente a la docencia podrán ser contratados por hora clase.
Setting different wages for equal work does not violate the principle of equal pay if such work corresponds to different academic categories.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-N
No es violatorio del principio de igualdad de salarios la fijación de salarios distintos para trabajo igual si éste corresponde a diferentes categorías académicas.
The labor unions, and their leadership, that are formed at the universities or institutions referred to in this Chapter shall be composed solely of the workers who provide their services at each of them and shall be:
I. Of academic staff;
II. Of administrative staff, or
III. Institutional, if they include both types of workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-Ñ
Los sindicatos y las directivas de los mismos que se constituyan en las universidades o instituciones a las que se refiere este Capítulo, únicamente estarán formados por los trabajadores que presten sus servicios en cada una de ellas y serán:
I. De personal académico;
II. De personal administrativo, o
III. De institución si comprende a ambos tipos de trabajadores.
The labor unions referred to in the preceding article shall register with the Registration Authority established by this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-O
Los sindicatos a que se refiere el artículo anterior deberán registrarse ante la Autoridad Registral que establece esta Ley.
For the purposes of collective bargaining between the universities and institutions and their corresponding labor unions, the rules set forth in Article 388 shall be followed. For that purpose, the institutional labor union shall be treated as a company union, and the academic staff or administrative staff labor unions shall be treated as craft unions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-P
Para los efectos de la contratación colectiva entre las universidades e instituciones y sus correspondientes sindicatos, se seguirán las reglas fijadas en el Artículo 388. Para tal efecto el sindicato de institución recibirá el tratamiento de sindicato de empresa y los sindicatos de personal académico o de personal administrativo tendrán el tratamiento de sindicato gremial.
In collective bargaining agreements, the provisions relating to academic workers shall not extend to administrative workers, nor vice versa, unless expressly so agreed.
In no case may these agreements establish for academic staff the exclusive hiring or separation by expulsion referred to in Article 395.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-Q
En los contratos colectivos las disposiciones relativas a los trabajadores académicos no se extenderán a los trabajadores administrativos, ni a la inversa, salvo que así se convenga expresamente.
En ningún caso estos contratos podrán establecer para el personal académico la admisión exclusiva o la separación por expulsión a que se refiere el Artículo 395.
In the strike procedure, notice of the stoppage of work shall be given at least ten days before the date set for stopping work.
In addition to the cases provided for in Article 935, before work is stopped, the parties or, failing that, the Court, after hearing them, shall set the indispensable number of workers who must continue working so that the work whose stoppage could irreparably harm the proper conduct of an ongoing research project or experiment continues to be performed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-R
En el procedimiento de huelga el aviso para la suspensión de labores deberá darse por lo menos con diez días de anticipación a la fecha señalada para suspender el trabajo.
Además de los casos previstos por el Artículo 935, antes de la suspensión de los trabajos, las partes o en su defecto el Tribunal, con audiencia de aquéllas, fijarán el número indispensable de trabajadores que deban continuar trabajando para que sigan ejecutándose las labores cuya suspensión pueda perjudicar irreparablemente la buena marcha de una investigación o un experimento en curso.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-S
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-T
Se deroga.
The workers of the universities and institutions referred to in this Chapter shall enjoy social security systems under their organic laws, or in accordance with the agreements entered into on the basis thereof. These benefits may never be lower than the minimums established by the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States and this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 353-U
Los trabajadores de las universidades e instituciones a las que se refiere este Capítulo disfrutarán de sistemas de seguridad social en los términos de sus leyes orgánicas, o conforme a los acuerdos que con base en ellas se celebren. Estas prestaciones nunca podrán ser inferiores a los mínimos establecidos por la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y esta Ley.
TITULO SEPTIMO / Relaciones Colectivas de Trabajo / CAPITULO I / Coaliciones
The Law recognizes the freedom of coalition of workers and employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 354
La Ley reconoce la libertad de coalición de trabajadores y patrones.
A coalition is the temporary agreement of a group of workers or employers for the defense of their common interests.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 355
Coalición es el acuerdo temporal de un grupo de trabajadores o de patrones para la defensa de sus intereses comunes.
CAPITULO II / Sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones
A labor union is the association of workers or employers formed for the study, improvement and defense of their respective interests.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 356
Sindicato es la asociación de trabajadores o patrones, constituida para el estudio, mejoramiento y defensa de sus respectivos intereses.
Workers and employers, without any distinction and without prior authorization, have the right to form the organizations they deem appropriate, as well as to join them, on the sole condition of observing their bylaws.
Workers' and employers' organizations shall enjoy adequate protection against any act of interference by each other, whether carried out directly or through their representatives, in their formation, operation or administration.
Acts or measures tending to promote the formation of workers' organizations dominated by an employer or an employers' organization, or to support workers' organizations in any way for the purpose of placing them under their control, are considered acts of interference. Benefits agreed upon in collective bargaining shall not be considered acts of interference.
Any undue interference shall be sanctioned under the terms provided by the Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 357
Los trabajadores y los patrones, sin ninguna distinción y sin autorización previa, tienen el derecho de constituir las organizaciones que estimen convenientes, así como el de afiliarse a éstas, con la sola condición de observar los estatutos de las mismas.
Las organizaciones de trabajadores y de patrones deberán gozar de adecuada protección contra todo acto de injerencia de unas respecto de las otras, ya se realice directamente o por medio de sus representantes en su constitución, funcionamiento o administración.
Se consideran actos de injerencia las acciones o medidas tendientes a fomentar la constitución de organizaciones de trabajadores dominadas por un patrón o una organización de patrones, o a apoyar de cualquier forma a organizaciones de trabajadores con objeto de colocarlas bajo su control. Las prestaciones pactadas en la contratación colectiva no serán consideradas como actos de injerencia.
Cualquier injerencia indebida será sancionada en los términos que disponga la Ley.
The recognition of the legal personality of workers' and employers' organizations, as well as of their federations and confederations, shall not be subject to conditions that entail any restriction of their guarantees and rights, including the rights to:
I. Draft their bylaws and administrative regulations;
II. Freely elect their representatives;
III. Organize their administration and their activities;
IV. Formulate their program of action;
V. Form the organizations they deem appropriate, and
VI. They shall not be subject to dissolution, suspension or cancellation by administrative means.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 357 Bis
El reconocimiento de la personalidad jurídica de las organizaciones de trabajadores y patrones, así como sus federaciones y confederaciones no estará sujeta a condiciones que impliquen restricción alguna a sus garantías y derechos, entre ellos a:
I. Redactar sus estatutos y reglamentos administrativos;
II. Elegir libremente sus representantes;
III. Organizar su administración y sus actividades;
IV. Formular su programa de acción;
V. Constituir las organizaciones que estimen convenientes, y
VI. No estarán sujetos a disolución, suspensión o cancelación por vía administrativa.
The members of labor unions, federations and confederations have the rights of free affiliation and of participation within them, which entail the following guarantees:
I. No one may be compelled to join or not to join a labor union, federation or confederation. Any stipulation that in any way distorts this provision shall be deemed not written;
II. The procedures for electing their leadership shall safeguard the full exercise of the personal, free, direct and secret vote of the members, and shall conform to democratic and gender equality rules under Article 371 of this Law. The term of office of the leadership may not be indefinite or of such duration as to hinder the democratic participation of the members, nor may it be detrimental to the right to vote and to be elected;
III. The sanctions imposed by labor unions, federations and confederations on their members shall be limited to what is established in the Law and in the bylaws; for that purpose, the rights to a hearing and due process of the person involved shall be observed, and
IV. The leadership of labor unions, federations and confederations shall render to the members a complete and detailed account of the administration of their assets under Article 373 of this Law.
Any stipulation establishing a contractual penalty in the event of separation from the labor union, or that in any way distorts the provision contained in the preceding paragraph, shall be deemed not written.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 358
Los miembros de los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones, cuentan con los derechos de libre afiliación y de participación al interior de éstas, los cuales implican las siguientes garantías:
I. Nadie puede ser obligado a formar o no parte de un sindicato, federación o confederación. Cualquier estipulación que desvirtúe de algún modo esta disposición se tendrá por no puesta;
II. Los procedimientos de elección de sus directivas deberán salvaguardar el pleno ejercicio del voto personal, libre, directo y secreto de los miembros, así como ajustarse a reglas democráticas y de igualdad de género, en términos del artículo 371 de esta Ley. El periodo de duración de las directivas no podrá ser indefinido o de una temporalidad tal que obstaculice la participación democrática de los afiliados, y tampoco podrá ser lesivo al derecho de votar y ser votado;
III. Las sanciones que impongan los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones a sus miembros deberán ceñirse a lo establecido en la Ley y en los estatutos; para tal efecto se deberá cumplir con los derechos de audiencia y debido proceso del involucrado, y
IV. La directiva de los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones deberá rendirles cuenta completa y detallada de la administración de su patrimonio, en términos del artículo 373 de esta Ley.
Cualquier estipulación que establezca multa convencional en caso de separación del sindicato o que desvirtúe de algún modo la disposición contenida en el párrafo anterior, se tendrá por no puesta.
Labor unions have the right to draft their bylaws and regulations, freely elect their representatives, organize their administration and their activities, and formulate their program of action.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 359
Los sindicatos tienen derecho a redactar sus estatutos y reglamentos, elegir libremente a sus representantes, organizar su administración y sus actividades y formular su programa de acción.
Workers' labor unions may be:
I. Craft unions, formed by workers of the same profession, trade or specialty;
II. Company unions, formed by workers who provide their services in the same company;
III. Industrial unions, formed by workers who provide their services in two or more companies of the same industrial branch;
IV. National industry unions, formed by workers who provide their services in one or several companies of the same industrial branch located in two or more states (federal entities); and
V. Mixed-trade unions, formed by workers of various professions. These labor unions may be formed only when, in the municipality in question, the number of workers of the same profession is less than twenty.
The foregoing classification is illustrative, so it shall not prevent workers from organizing in the manner they decide.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 360
Los sindicatos de trabajadores pueden ser:
I. Gremiales, los formados por trabajadores de una misma profesión, oficio o especialidad;
II. De empresa, los formados por trabajadores que presten sus servicios en una misma empresa;
III. Industriales, los formados por trabajadores que presten sus servicios en dos o más empresas de la misma rama industrial;
IV. Nacionales de industria, los formados por trabajadores que presten sus servicios en una o varias empresas de la misma rama industrial, instaladas en dos o más Entidades Federativas; y
V. De oficios varios, los formados por trabajadores de diversas profesiones. Estos sindicatos sólo podrán constituirse cuando en el municipio de que se trate, el número de trabajadores de una misma profesión sea menor de veinte.
La anterior clasificación tiene carácter enunciativo, por lo que no será obstáculo para que los trabajadores se organicen en la forma que ellos decidan.
Employers' labor unions may be:
I. Those formed by employers of one or several branches of activity; and
II. National unions, formed by employers of one or several branches of activity from different states (federal entities).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 361
Los sindicatos de patrones pueden ser:
I. Los formados por patrones de una o varias ramas de actividades; y
II. Nacionales, los formados por patrones de una o varias ramas de actividades de distintas Entidades Federativas.
Workers over fifteen years of age may be members of labor unions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 362
Pueden formar parte de los sindicatos, los trabajadores mayores de quince años.
Workers in positions of trust may not join the labor unions of the other workers. The bylaws of labor unions may determine the status and rights of their members who are promoted to a position of trust.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 363
No pueden ingresar en los sindicatos de los demás trabajadores, los trabajadores de confianza. Los estatutos de los sindicatos podrán determinar la condición y los derechos de sus miembros, que sean promovidos a un puesto de confianza.
Labor unions shall be formed with a minimum of twenty workers or with at least three employers. In the case of workers' labor unions, when a dispute arises before the Courts regarding their formation, in determining the minimum number, those workers whose employment relationship was rescinded or terminated within the sixty calendar days preceding the date of such formation shall be taken into consideration.
Federations and confederations shall be formed by at least two union organizations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 364
Los sindicatos deberán constituirse con un mínimo de veinte trabajadores o con tres patrones, por lo menos. En el caso de los sindicatos de trabajadores, cuando se suscite controversia ante los Tribunales, respecto a su constitución, para la determinación del número mínimo, se tomarán en consideración aquellos cuya relación de trabajo hubiese sido rescindida o dada por terminada dentro de los sesenta días naturales anteriores a la fecha de dicha constitución.
Las federaciones y confederaciones deberán constituirse por al menos dos organizaciones sindicales.
In the registration of labor unions, federations and confederations, as well as in the updating of union leadership, the principles of autonomy, equity, democracy, legality, transparency, certainty, free of charge, immediacy, impartiality and respect for freedom of association and its guarantees shall be observed.
In the case of updating the union leadership, the Registration Authority shall issue it within the ten days following the filing of the application, and shall proceed in such a way as not to leave the labor union defenseless.
In matters of union registration and updating, the will of the workers and the collective interest shall prevail over formal aspects.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 364 Bis
En el registro de los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones, así como en la actualización de las directivas sindicales, se deberán observar los principios de autonomía, equidad, democracia, legalidad, transparencia, certeza, gratuidad, inmediatez, imparcialidad y respeto a la libertad sindical y sus garantías.
Tratándose de actualización de la directiva sindical, la Autoridad Registral deberá expedirla dentro de los diez días siguientes a que se realice la solicitud, y se procederá de forma tal que no deje al sindicato en estado de indefensión.
En materia de registro y actualización sindical, la voluntad de los trabajadores y el interés colectivo prevalecerán sobre aspectos de orden formal.
Labor unions shall register with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), for which purpose they shall submit, in original and copy:
I. An authorized copy of the minutes of the founding meeting;
II. An authorized list or lists with the number, names, CURP and addresses of their members, which shall also contain:
a) In the case of those formed by workers, the name and address of the employers, companies or establishments in which the services are provided.
b) In the case of those formed by employers, the name and addresses of the companies where they have workers.
III. An authorized copy of the bylaws, meeting the requirements established in Article 371 of this Law, and
IV. An authorized copy of the minutes of the meeting at which the leadership was elected.
The documents referred to in the preceding sections shall be authorized by the signature of the Secretary General or equivalent officer, under Article 376 of this Law, except as otherwise provided in the bylaws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 365
Los sindicatos deben registrarse en el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, a cuyo efecto remitirán en original y copia:
I. Copia autorizada del acta de la asamblea constitutiva;
II. Una lista o listas autorizadas con el número, nombres, CURP y domicilios de sus miembros, la cual además contendrá:
a) Cuando se trate de aquellos conformados por trabajadores, el nombre y domicilio de los patrones, empresas o establecimientos en los que se prestan los servicios.
b) Cuando se trate de aquellos conformados por patrones, el nombre y domicilios de las empresas, en donde se cuente con trabajadores.
III. Copia autorizada de los estatutos, cubriendo los requisitos establecidos en el artículo 371 de esta Ley, y
IV. Copia autorizada del acta de la asamblea en que se hubiese elegido la directiva.
Los documentos a que se refieren las fracciones anteriores serán autorizados a través de la firma del Secretario General u homólogo, en términos del artículo 376 de esta Ley, salvo lo dispuesto en los estatutos.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall make public, for consultation by any person and duly updated, the information on the registrations of labor unions. It shall also issue copies of the documents in the registration files that are requested of it, under Article 8 of the Constitution and the General Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information.
The full text of the labor union registration documents, the recordings of leadership (tomas de nota), the bylaws, the minutes of meetings and all the documents contained in the union registration file shall be available on the Internet sites of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration.
The registrations of labor unions shall contain at least the following data:
I. Address;
II. Registration number;
III. Name of the labor union;
IV. Names of the members of the Executive Committee;
V. Term of validity of the Executive Committee;
VI. Number of members;
VII. Labor federation to which they belong, where applicable.
VIII. Membership roll.
With regard to the documents in the registration file of the associations, only the addresses and CURP of the workers listed in the membership rolls shall be classified as confidential information, under the last paragraph of Article 78 of the General Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information.
The indexes shall be updated every three months.
Labor unions, federations and confederations may request from the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration certified or simple copies of the documents in their respective files; such copies shall also be issued to any person who requests them, under the applicable legislation on access to information.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 365 Bis
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral hará pública, para consulta de cualquier persona, debidamente actualizada, la información de los registros de los sindicatos. Asimismo, deberá expedir copias de los documentos que obren en los expedientes de registros que se les soliciten, en términos del artículo 8o. constitucional y de lo dispuesto por la Ley General de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública.
El texto íntegro de los documentos del registro de los sindicatos, las tomas de nota, el estatuto, las actas de asambleas y todos los documentos contenidos en el expediente de registro sindical, deberán estar disponibles en los sitios de Internet del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral.
Los registros de los sindicatos deberán contener, cuando menos, los siguientes datos:
I. Domicilio;
II. Número de registro;
III. Nombre del sindicato;
IV. Nombre de los integrantes del Comité Ejecutivo;
V. Fecha de vigencia del Comité Ejecutivo;
VI. Número de socios;
VII. Central obrera a la que pertenecen, en su caso.
VIII. Padrón de socios.
Por lo que se refiere a los documentos que obran en el expediente de registro de las asociaciones, únicamente estará clasificada como información confidencial los domicilios y CURP de los trabajadores señalados en los padrones de socios, en términos del último párrafo del artículo 78 de la Ley General de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública.
La actualización de los índices se deberá hacer cada tres meses.
Los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones podrán solicitar al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral copias certificadas o simples de los documentos que obren en sus respectivos expedientes; también se expedirán a cualquier persona que lo solicite, en términos de la legislación aplicable en materia de acceso a la información.
Registration may be denied only:
I. If the labor union does not pursue the purpose provided for in Article 356;
II. If it was not formed with the number of members set forth in Article 364; and
III. If the documents referred to in Article 365 are not submitted.
When the applicant fails to meet any of the foregoing requirements, in order to safeguard the right of association, the Registration Authority shall require it to cure deficiencies (prevención) within the following five days so that it may correct its application, specifying the terms in which it must do so.
Once the requirements established for the registration of labor unions have been met, the Registration Authority may not deny it.
If the Registration Authority does not issue a decision within a term of twenty days, the applicants may request it to issue a decision, and if it does not do so within the three days following the filing of the request, the registration shall be deemed made for all legal purposes, and the authority shall be obligated, within the following three days, to issue the respective certificate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 366
El registro podrá negarse únicamente:
I. Si el sindicato no se propone la finalidad prevista en el artículo 356;
II. Si no se constituyó con el número de miembros fijado en el artículo 364; y
III. Si no se exhiben los documentos a que se refiere el artículo 365.
Cuando el solicitante no cumpla con alguno de los requisitos anteriores, a fin de salvaguardar el derecho de asociación, la Autoridad Registral lo prevendrá dentro de los cinco días siguientes para que subsane su solicitud, precisando los términos en que deberá hacerlo.
Satisfechos los requisitos que se establecen para el registro de los sindicatos, la Autoridad Registral no podrá negarlo.
Si la Autoridad Registral, no resuelve dentro de un término de veinte días, los solicitantes podrán requerirla para que dicte resolución, y si no lo hace dentro de los tres días siguientes a la presentación de la solicitud, se tendrá por hecho el registro para todos los efectos legales, quedando obligada la autoridad, dentro de los tres días siguientes, a expedir la constancia respectiva.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 367
Se deroga
The registration of the labor union and of its leadership, granted by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), has effect before all authorities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 368
El registro del sindicato y de su directiva, otorgado por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, produce efectos ante todas las autoridades.
The registration of labor unions, federations and confederations may be canceled only:
I. In the event of dissolution; and
II. For ceasing to meet the legal requirements.
III. A labor union shall be considered to fail to fulfill its object or purpose when its leaders, attorneys-in-fact or legal representatives engage in acts of extortion against employers, demanding from them a payment in cash or in kind to withdraw a strike notice or to refrain from initiating or continuing a claim for title to a collective bargaining agreement. Consequently, this conduct, once proven, may serve as the basis for a judicial claim for cancellation of the union registration, regardless of the liabilities that may arise from the commission of such criminal conduct.
The Courts shall decide on the cancellation of their registration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 369
El registro de los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones, podrá cancelarse únicamente:
I. En caso de disolución; y
II. Por dejar de tener los requisitos legales.
III. Se considerará que un sindicato incumple con su objeto o finalidad cuando sus dirigentes, apoderados o representantes legales incurran en actos de extorsión en contra de los patrones, exigiéndoles un pago en dinero o en especie para desistir de un emplazamiento a huelga o abstenerse de iniciar o continuar un reclamo de titularidad de contrato colectivo de trabajo. En consecuencia, esta conducta comprobada podrá servir de base para que se demande por la vía jurisdiccional la cancelación del registro sindical, independientemente de las responsabilidades que puedan derivarse por la comisión de dichas conductas delictivas.
Los Tribunales resolverán acerca de la cancelación de su registro.
Labor unions are not subject to dissolution, suspension or cancellation of their registration by administrative means.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 370
Los sindicatos no están sujetos a disolución, suspensión o cancelación de su registro, por vía administrativa.
The bylaws of labor unions shall contain:
I. A name that distinguishes it from the others;
II. Address;
III. Purpose;
IV. Duration. In the absence of this provision, the labor union shall be understood to have been formed for an indefinite term;
V. Conditions for admission of members;
VI. Obligations and rights of members;
VII. Grounds and procedures for expulsion and disciplinary corrections. In cases of expulsion, the following rules shall be observed:
a) The workers' meeting shall convene for the sole purpose of hearing the expulsion.
b) In the case of labor unions made up of sections, the expulsion procedure shall be carried out before the meeting of the corresponding section, but the expulsion resolution shall be submitted to the decision of the workers of each of the sections making up the labor union.
c) The affected worker shall be heard in his or her defense, in accordance with the provisions contained in the bylaws.
d) The meeting shall examine the evidence on which the procedure is based and the evidence offered by the affected worker.
e) Workers may not be represented or cast their vote in writing.
f) The expulsion shall be approved by a majority of two thirds of the total members of the labor union.
g) Expulsion may be ordered only for the cases expressly set forth in the bylaws, duly proven and exactly applicable to the case;
VIII. Manner of calling meetings, timing of ordinary meetings and the quorum required to hold a session. If the leadership does not timely call the meetings provided for in the bylaws, workers representing at least thirty-three percent of the total members of the labor union or of the section may request the leadership to call the meeting, and if it does not do so within a term of ten days, the requesting workers may issue the call, in which case, for the meeting to be able to hold a session and adopt resolutions, two thirds of the total members of the labor union or of the section must attend.
Resolutions shall be adopted by at least fifty-one percent of the total members of the labor union or of the section;
IX. Procedure for the election of the union leadership and union sections, which shall be carried out through the exercise of a direct, personal, free, direct and secret vote.
For that purpose, the bylaws shall observe the following rules:
a) The call for the election shall be issued with the handwritten signature of the persons authorized to do so, and shall specify the date, time and place of the process and the other requirements established in the bylaws;
b) The call shall be published at the union premises and in the places most frequented by the members at the workplace at least ten days in advance;
c) The place determined for holding the electoral process, as well as the documentation and materials prepared for carrying it out, shall guarantee that the voting takes place in a secure, direct, personal, free and secret manner;
d) A complete and updated roll of the members of the labor union entitled to vote shall be compiled, which shall be published and made known among them at least three days before the election;
e) A procedure shall be established that ensures the identification of the members entitled to vote, and
f) The documentation, material and ballots for the election to constitute the internal bodies of the labor unions referred to in this subsection shall contain at least the following data and requirements:
1.- Municipality and state (federal entity) in which the voting takes place;
2.- Position for which the candidate or candidates are nominated;
3.- Emblem and color of each of the slates participating with candidates in the election in question;
4.- The full name of the candidate or candidates to be elected, and
5.- The ballots shall be validated on the back with the signatures of at least two members of the Electoral Commission agreed upon by the labor union for such purposes.
The election procedure carried out by the members of a labor union with respect to the Secretary General or equivalent officer at the national, state, sectional, local or municipal level shall be carried out independently of the election of delegates to union congresses or conventions, complying with the requirements referred to in this subsection.
Since these requirements are essential for expressing the free will of the members of the labor union, if they are not complied with, the election procedure shall be invalid, whether at the general or sectional level, as the case may be;
IX Bis. In the composition of union leadership, proportional representation by gender shall be established;
IX Ter. Rules for the composition and operation of a collegiate decision-making body, which shall be responsible for organizing and certifying the procedures for the election of the internal bodies of the labor union;
X. Term of office of the union leadership and of the sectional representatives. In the case of reelection, the meeting shall have the power to decide, by personal, free, direct and secret vote, the term of office and the number of times union leaders may be reelected. The term of office of the leadership and, where applicable, reelection shall respect the guarantees referred to in Article 358, section II, of this Law;
XI. Rules for the administration, acquisition and disposal of the property and assets of the labor union;
XII. Manner of payment and amount of union dues;
XIII. Timing and manner of presenting the complete and detailed account of the administration of the union's assets, and sanctions on its leaders in the event of noncompliance.
For such purposes, internal bodies and procedures shall be established to ensure the resolution of disputes among the members arising from the management of union funds.
XIV. Rules for the liquidation of the union's assets; and
XIV Bis. Procedure for consulting the workers by personal, free and secret vote for the approval of the content of initial collective bargaining agreements and their revisions. For that purpose, the bylaws shall observe the procedure contemplated in Article 390 Ter, section II, of this Law, and
XV. The other rules approved by the meeting.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 371
Los estatutos de los sindicatos contendrán:
I. Denominación que le distinga de los demás;
II. Domicilio;
III. Objeto;
IV. Duración. Faltando esta disposición se entenderá constituido el sindicato por tiempo indeterminado;
V. Condiciones de admisión de miembros;
VI. Obligaciones y derechos de los asociados;
VII. Motivos y procedimientos de expulsión y correcciones disciplinarias. En los casos de expulsión se observarán las normas siguientes:
a) La asamblea de trabajadores se reunirá para el solo efecto de conocer de la expulsión.
b) Cuando se trate de sindicatos integrados por secciones, el procedimiento de expulsión se llevará a cabo ante la asamblea de la sección correspondiente, pero el acuerdo de expulsión deberá someterse a la decisión de los trabajadores de cada una de las secciones que integren el sindicato.
c) El trabajador afectado será oído en defensa, de conformidad con las disposiciones contenidas en los estatutos.
d) La asamblea conocerá de las pruebas que sirvan de base al procedimiento y de las que ofrezca el afectado.
e) Los trabajadores no podrán hacerse representar ni emitir su voto por escrito.
f) La expulsión deberá ser aprobada por mayoría de las dos terceras partes del total de los miembros del sindicato.
g) La expulsión sólo podrá decretarse por los casos expresamente consignados en los estatutos, debidamente comprobados y exactamente aplicables al caso;
VIII. Forma de convocar a asamblea, época de celebración de las ordinarias y quórum requerido para sesionar. En el caso de que la directiva no convoque oportunamente a las asambleas previstas en los estatutos, los trabajadores que representen el treinta y tres por ciento del total de los miembros del sindicato o de la sección, por lo menos, podrán solicitar de la directiva que convoque a la asamblea, y si no lo hace dentro de un término de diez días, podrán los solicitantes hacer la convocatoria, en cuyo caso, para que la asamblea pueda sesionar y adoptar resoluciones, se requiere que concurran las dos terceras partes del total de los miembros del sindicato o de la sección.
Las resoluciones deberán adoptarse por el cincuenta y uno por ciento del total de los miembros del sindicato o de la sección, por lo menos;
IX. Procedimiento para la elección de la directiva sindical y secciones sindicales, el cual se llevará a cabo mediante el ejercicio del voto directo, personal, libre, directo y secreto.
Para tal efecto, los estatutos deberán observar las normas siguientes:
a) La convocatoria de elección se emitirá con firma autógrafa de las personas facultadas para ello, debiendo precisar fecha, hora, lugar del proceso y demás requisitos estatutariamente exigidos;
b) La convocatoria deberá publicarse en el local sindical y en los lugares de mayor afluencia de los miembros en el centro de trabajo, con una anticipación mínima de diez días;
c) El lugar que se determine para la celebración del proceso electoral, así como la documentación y materiales que se elaboren para la realización, deberán garantizar que la votación se desarrolle de forma segura, directa, personal, libre y secreta;
d) Se integrará un padrón completo y actualizado de los miembros del sindicato con derecho a votar, que deberá publicarse y darse a conocer entre éstos con al menos tres días de antelación a la elección;
e) Establecer un procedimiento que asegure la identificación de los afiliados que tengan derecho a votar, y
f) La documentación, material y boletas para la elección de integración de los órganos internos de los sindicatos a que se refiere este inciso, contendrá cuando menos los siguientes datos y requisitos:
1.- Municipio y entidad federativa en que se realice la votación;
2.- Cargo para el que se postula al candidato o candidatos;
3.- Emblema y color de cada una de las planillas que participan con candidatos en la elección de que se trate;
4.- El nombre completo del candidato o candidatos a elegir, y
5.- Las boletas deberán validarse en el reverso con las firmas de por lo menos dos integrantes de la Comisión Electoral que para tales efectos acuerde el sindicato.
El procedimiento de elección que realicen los miembros de un sindicato respecto al Secretario General o su equivalente a nivel nacional, estatal, seccional, local o municipal, se realizará de manera independiente de la elección de delegados a los congresos o convenciones sindicales, cumpliendo con los requisitos a que se refiere este inciso.
En virtud de que estos requisitos son esenciales para expresar la libre voluntad de los afiliados al sindicato, de incumplirse éstos, el procedimiento de elección carecerá de validez, ya sea a nivel general o seccional, según sea el caso;
IX Bis. En la integración de las directivas sindicales se establecerá la representación proporcional en razón de género;
IX Ter. Normas para la integración y funcionamiento de una instancia de decisión colegiada, que será responsable de organizar y calificar los procedimientos de elección de los órganos internos del sindicato;
X. Período de duración de la directiva sindical y de las representaciones seccionales. En el caso de reelección, será facultad de la asamblea decidir mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto el período de duración y el número de veces que pueden reelegirse los dirigentes sindicales. El período de duración de la directiva y en su caso la reelección, deberán respetar las garantías a que se refiere el artículo 358, fracción II, de esta Ley;
XI. Normas para la administración, adquisición y disposición de los bienes, patrimonio del sindicato;
XII. Forma de pago y monto de las cuotas sindicales;
XIII. Época y forma de presentación de la cuenta completa y detallada de la administración del patrimonio sindical y sanciones a sus directivos en caso de incumplimiento.
Para tales efectos, se deberán establecer instancias y procedimientos internos que aseguren la resolución de controversias entre los agremiados, con motivo de la gestión de los fondos sindicales.
XIV. Normas para la liquidación del patrimonio sindical; y
XIV Bis. Procedimiento para llevar a cabo la consulta a los trabajadores mediante voto personal, libre y secreto para la aprobación del contenido de contratos colectivos de trabajo iniciales y de sus revisiones. Para tal efecto, los estatutos deberán observar el procedimiento contemplado en el artículo 390 Ter, fracción II de la presente Ley, y
XV. Las demás normas que apruebe la asamblea.
Elections of the leadership of labor unions shall be subject to a system for verifying compliance with the requirements set forth in section IX of Article 371 of this Law, as follows:
I. Labor unions may request the assistance of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) or of the Federal Labor Inspectorate of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) in order to certify compliance with the aforementioned requirements. Upon conclusion of the election, the authority attending the verification shall draw up a record stating the result of the election and the manner in which it was carried out, a copy of which shall be delivered to the requesting labor union;
II. The request shall be made by the union leaders or by at least thirty percent of the members of the labor union, and
III. The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration may carry out this system for verifying the election of union leadership so that the constitutional principles of certainty, reliability and legality, and those indicated in Article 364 Bis of this Law, are complied with. In the event of reasonable doubt as to the truthfulness of the documentation submitted, the Center may call and organize a vote count to consult the workers on their decision by personal, free, direct and secret vote.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 371 Bis
Las elecciones de las directivas de los sindicatos estarán sujetas a un sistema de verificación del cumplimiento de los requisitos previstos en la fracción IX del artículo 371 de esta Ley, conforme a lo siguiente:
I. Los sindicatos podrán solicitar el auxilio del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o de la Inspección Federal del Trabajo de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, a efecto que certifiquen el cumplimiento de los requisitos antes mencionados. Al concluir la elección, la autoridad que acuda a la verificación deberá formular un acta en la que conste el resultado de la elección y de la forma en que ésta se llevó a cabo, de la que se entregará copia al sindicato solicitante;
II. La solicitud será realizada por los directivos sindicales o por lo menos por el treinta por ciento de los afiliados al sindicato, y
III. El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral podrá desahogar este sistema de verificación de la elección de las directivas sindicales para que se cumpla con los principios constitucionales de certeza, confiabilidad y legalidad, y los señalados en el artículo 364 Bis de esta Ley. En caso de duda razonable sobre la veracidad de la documentación presentada, el Centro podrá convocar y organizar un recuento para consultar mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto de los trabajadores el sentido de su decisión.
Foreign workers may not be members of the leadership of labor unions.
I. (Repealed.)
II. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 372
No podrán formar parte de la directiva de los sindicatos los trabajadores extranjeros.
I. Se deroga.
II. Se deroga.
The leadership of labor unions, under the terms established in their bylaws, shall render to the meeting, at least every six months, a complete and detailed account of the administration of the union's assets. The rendering of accounts shall include the status of income from union dues and other assets, as well as their use, and minutes of such meeting shall be drawn up.
The minutes of the meeting at which an account of the administration of the union's assets is rendered shall be delivered within the following ten days to the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) for deposit and recording in the union registration file; this obligation may be fulfilled electronically.
The foregoing information shall be delivered in full and in writing to each member of the labor union, with a record of its receipt.
The obligations referred to in the preceding paragraphs may not be waived.
At any time, any worker shall have the right to request information from the leadership or from the Registration Authority on the administration of the labor union's assets.
If the workers have not received the information on the administration of the union's assets, or consider that there are irregularities in the management of union funds, they may resort to the internal bodies and procedures provided for in the bylaws under Article 371, section XIII, of this Law. If the existence of such irregularities is proven, the person or persons responsible for them shall be sanctioned, after the investigation and resolution procedure established in the bylaws has been carried out; if the bylaws do not provide for effective sanctions proportional to the seriousness of the conduct or omissions incurred, those responsible may be sanctioned by the competent union bodies with suspension or removal from office, depending on the seriousness of the irregularity committed, without prejudice to the exercise of the other corresponding legal actions.
Independently of the foregoing, if the information or the corresponding clarifications are not provided, the workers may seek enforcement of such obligations before the competent Court.
The worker may also go to the Registration Authority to report the foregoing omission so that such authority may require the labor union to deliver the complete information on the administration of the union's assets, with a warning (apercibimiento) to the secretaries general and of finance, or equivalent officers, under Article 731 of this Law.
The exercise of the actions referred to in the preceding paragraphs shall under no circumstances entail the loss of union rights, nor shall it be a cause for the expulsion or separation of the dissenting worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 373
La directiva de los sindicatos, en los términos que establezcan sus estatutos, deberá rendir a la asamblea cada seis meses, por lo menos, cuenta completa y detallada de la administración del patrimonio sindical. La rendición de cuentas incluirá la situación de los ingresos por cuotas sindicales y otros bienes, así como su destino, debiendo levantar acta de dicha asamblea.
El acta de la asamblea en la que se rinda cuenta de la administración del patrimonio sindical deberá ser entregada dentro de los diez días siguientes al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral para su depósito y registro en el expediente de registro sindical; esta obligación podrá cumplirse por vía electrónica.
La información anterior deberá entregarse por escrito a cada miembro del sindicato en forma completa, dejando constancia de su recepción.
Las obligaciones a que se refieren los párrafos anteriores no son dispensables.
En todo momento cualquier trabajador tendrá el derecho de solicitar información a la directiva o a la Autoridad Registral, sobre la administración del patrimonio del sindicato.
En caso de que los trabajadores no hubieren recibido la información sobre la administración del patrimonio sindical, o estimen la existencia de irregularidades en la gestión de los fondos sindicales, podrá acudir a las instancias y procedimientos internos previstos en los estatutos, en términos del artículo 371, fracción XIII, de esta Ley. De comprobarse la existencia de las irregularidades referidas, se sancionará a quien o quienes resulten responsables de las mismas, previo desahogo del procedimiento de investigación y resolución establecido en los estatutos; de no prever éstos sanciones eficaces y proporcionales a la gravedad de las conductas u omisiones en que se hubiese incurrido, los responsables podrán ser sancionados por los órganos sindicales competentes con la suspensión o destitución de su cargo, según sea la gravedad de la irregularidad cometida, sin menoscabo de que se ejerzan las demás acciones legales que correspondan.
Con independencia de lo anterior, de no proporcionarse la información o las aclaraciones correspondientes, los trabajadores podrán tramitar ante el Tribunal que corresponda, el cumplimiento de dichas obligaciones.
El trabajador también podrá acudir a la Autoridad Registral para denunciar la omisión anterior a fin de que dicha autoridad requiera al sindicato la entrega de la información de la administración del patrimonio sindical completa, apercibiendo a los secretarios general y de finanzas u homólogos en términos del artículo 731 de esta Ley.
El ejercicio de las acciones a que se refieren los párrafos anteriores, por ningún motivo implicará la pérdida de derechos sindicales, ni será causa para la expulsión o separación del trabajador inconforme.
Legally formed labor unions, federations and confederations are legal entities and have the capacity to:
I. Acquire movable property;
II. Acquire the real property intended immediately and directly for the purpose of their institution; and
III. Defend their rights before all authorities and bring the corresponding actions.
IV. Establish mechanisms to promote the development and strengthening of the economy of their members, and
V. Establish and manage cooperative companies and savings funds for their members, as well as any other similar arrangement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 374
Los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones, legalmente constituidos son personas morales y tienen capacidad para:
I. Adquirir bienes muebles;
II. Adquirir los bienes inmuebles destinados inmediata y directamente al objeto de su institución; y
III. Defender ante todas las autoridades sus derechos y ejercitar las acciones correspondientes.
IV. Establecer mecanismos para fomentar el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la economía de sus afiliados, y
V. Establecer y gestionar sociedades cooperativas y cajas de ahorro para sus afiliados, así como cualquier otra figura análoga.
Labor unions represent their members in the defense of the individual rights that belong to them, without prejudice to the right of workers to act or intervene directly, in which case the intervention of the labor union shall cease at the worker's request.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 375
Los sindicatos representan a sus miembros en la defensa de los derechos individuales que les correspondan, sin perjuicio del derecho de los trabajadores para obrar o intervenir directamente, cesando entonces, a petición del trabajador, la intervención del sindicato.
The representation of the labor union shall be exercised by its secretary general or by the person designated by its leadership, unless the bylaws provide otherwise.
Members of the union leadership who are separated by the employer, or who leave for a cause attributable to the employer, shall continue to perform their functions unless the bylaws provide otherwise.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 376
La representación del sindicato se ejercerá por su secretario general o por la persona que designe su directiva, salvo disposición especial de los estatutos.
Los miembros de la directiva sindical que sean separados por el patrón o que se separen por causa imputable a éste, continuarán ejerciendo sus funciones salvo lo que dispongan los estatutos.
The obligations of labor unions are:
I. To provide the reports requested of them by the labor authorities, provided they refer exclusively to their conduct as labor unions;
II. To notify the Registration Authority, within a term of ten days, of changes in their leadership and amendments to the bylaws, enclosing in duplicate an authorized copy of the respective minutes, and
III. To inform the same authority at least every three months of the admissions and withdrawals of their members.
The obligations referred to in this article may be fulfilled through electronic means, under the terms determined by the Registration Authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 377
Son obligaciones de los sindicatos:
I. Proporcionar los informes que les soliciten las autoridades del trabajo, siempre que se refieran exclusivamente a su actuación como sindicatos;
II. Comunicar a la Autoridad Registral, dentro de un término de diez días, los cambios de su directiva y las modificaciones de los estatutos, acompañando por duplicado copia autorizada de las actas respectivas, y
III. Informar a la misma autoridad cada tres meses, por lo menos, de las altas y bajas de sus miembros.
Las obligaciones a que se refiere este artículo podrán ser cumplidas a través de medios electrónicos, en los términos que determine la Autoridad Registral.
Labor unions are prohibited from:
I. Intervening in religious matters; and
II. Engaging in trade as merchants for profit.
III. Participating in schemes to evade contributions or to fail to fulfill employer obligations toward workers;
IV. Committing acts of violence, discrimination, harassment or sexual harassment against their members, the employer, its representatives or its property, or against third parties;
V. Participating in sham arrangements by assuming the role of employer so that the true employer evades its responsibilities;
VI. Recording or using records stating that votes or consultations of the workers were carried out when they were not;
VII. Hindering the participation of workers in the procedures for electing their union leadership by imposing conditions without legal basis or any type of undue obstacle to exercising the right to vote and to be elected, and
VIII. Committing acts of extortion or obtaining gifts from the employer outside the collective bargaining agreement.
The cases contained in sections IV, VI and VII of this article are considered violations of the fundamental rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 378
Queda prohibido a los sindicatos:
I. Intervenir en asuntos religiosos; y
II. Ejercer la profesión de comerciantes con ánimo de lucro.
III. Participar en esquemas de evasión de contribuciones o incumplimiento de obligaciones patronales respecto a los trabajadores;
IV. Ejercer actos de violencia, discriminación, acoso u hostigamiento sexual en contra de sus miembros, el patrón, sus representantes o sus bienes, o en contra de terceros;
V. Participar en actos de simulación asumiendo el carácter de patrón, con el fin de que el verdadero patrón evada sus responsabilidades;
VI. Hacer constar o utilizar constancias en las que se señalen la realización de votaciones o consultas a los trabajadores sin que estas se hayan efectuado;
VII. Obstaculizar la participación de los trabajadores en los procedimientos de elección de sus directivas sindicales, poniendo condiciones sin fundamento legal o cualquier tipo de obstáculo indebido para ejercer el derecho de votar y ser votado, y
VIII. Cometer actos de extorsión u obtener dádivas del patrón, ajenas al contrato colectivo de trabajo.
Se consideran como violación a derechos fundamentales a la libertad sindical y de negociación colectiva las hipótesis contenidas en las fracciones IV, VI y VII del presente artículo.
Labor unions shall be dissolved:
I. By the vote of two thirds of their members; and
II. Upon expiration of the term set in the bylaws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 379
Los sindicatos se disolverán:
I. Por el voto de las dos terceras partes de los miembros que los integren; y
II. Por transcurrir el término fijado en los estatutos.
In the event of dissolution of the labor union, its assets shall be applied in the manner determined by its bylaws. In the absence of an express provision, they shall pass to the federation or confederation to which it belongs and, if none exists, to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 380
En caso de disolución del sindicato, el activo se aplicará en la forma que determinen sus estatutos. A falta de disposición expresa, pasará a la federación o confederación a que pertenezca y si no existen, al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Labor unions may form federations and confederations, which shall be governed by the provisions of this chapter insofar as they are applicable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 381
Los sindicatos pueden formar federaciones y confederaciones, las que se regirán por las disposiciones de este capítulo, en lo que sean aplicables.
Members of federations or confederations may withdraw from them at any time, even if there is an agreement to the contrary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 382
Los miembros de las federaciones o confederaciones podrán retirarse de ellas, en cualquier tiempo, aunque exista pacto en contrario.
The bylaws of federations and confederations, independently of the applicable requirements of Article 371, shall contain:
I. Name and address, and those of their founding members;
II. Conditions for the admission of new members; and
III. Manner in which their members shall be represented in the leadership and at meetings.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 383
Los estatutos de las federaciones y confederaciones, independientemente de los requisitos aplicables del artículo 371, contendrán:
I. Denominación y domicilio y los de sus miembros constituyentes;
II. Condiciones de adhesión de nuevos miembros; y
III. Forma en que sus miembros estarán representados en la directiva y en las asambleas.
Federations and confederations shall register with the Registration Authority.
The provisions of the final paragraph of Article 366 apply to federations and confederations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 384
Las federaciones y confederaciones deben registrarse ante la Autoridad Registral.
Es aplicable a las federaciones y confederaciones lo dispuesto en el párrafo final del artículo 366.
For the purposes of the preceding article, federations and confederations shall submit in duplicate:
I. An authorized copy of the minutes of the founding meeting;
II. A list with the name and address of their members;
III. An authorized copy of the bylaws; and
IV. An authorized copy of the minutes of the meeting at which the leadership was elected.
The documentation shall be authorized in accordance with the final paragraph of Article 365.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 385
Para los efectos del artículo anterior, las federaciones y confederaciones remitirán por duplicado:
I. Copia autorizada del acta de la asamblea constitutiva;
II. Una lista con la denominación y domicilio de sus miembros;
III. Copia autorizada de los estatutos; y
IV. Copia autorizada del acta de la asamblea en que se haya elegido la directiva.
La documentación se autorizará de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el párrafo final del artículo 365.
CAPITULO III / Contrato colectivo de trabajo
A collective bargaining agreement is the agreement entered into between one or more workers' labor unions and one or more employers, or one or more employers' labor unions, for the purpose of establishing the conditions under which work must be performed in one or more companies or establishments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 386
Contrato colectivo de trabajo es el convenio celebrado entre uno o varios sindicatos de trabajadores y uno o varios patrones, o uno o varios sindicatos de patrones, con objeto de establecer las condiciones según las cuales debe prestarse el trabajo en una o más empresas o establecimientos.
The support of the workers through personal, free and secret vote constitutes a guarantee for the protection of the freedom of collective bargaining and their legitimate interests. The demonstration of such support in accordance with the procedures established in Articles 390 Bis and 390 Ter is a matter of public order and social interest, and is therefore a requirement for the validity of collective bargaining agreements. The authorities, labor unions and employers shall cooperate so that the consultation procedures are organized in such a way that the work activities of the workplaces are not affected.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 386 Bis
El apoyo de los trabajadores mediante el voto personal, libre y secreto constituye una garantía para la protección de la libertad de negociación colectiva y sus legítimos intereses. La demostración de dicho apoyo conforme a los procedimientos establecidos en los artículos 390 Bis y 390 Ter, es de orden público e interés social, por lo que es un requisito para la validez de los contratos colectivos de trabajo. Las autoridades, sindicatos y patrones coadyuvarán para que los procedimientos de consulta se organicen de tal forma que no se afecten las actividades laborales de los centros de trabajo.
An employer that employs workers who are members of a labor union shall be obligated to enter into a collective bargaining agreement with it when the union so requests; in order to comply with the principles of representativeness in union organizations and of certainty in the signing, registration and deposit of collective bargaining agreements, the requesting labor union shall first obtain the Certificate of Representativeness issued by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) referred to in Article 390 Bis.
If the employer refuses to sign the agreement, the workers may exercise the right to strike set forth in Article 450; the Certificate of Representativeness evidences that the labor union has the representation of the workers, and it shall therefore be attached to the strike notice as a requirement under Article 920 of this Law.
The Certificate of Representativeness referred to in Article 390 Bis shall be valid for six months from the date on which it is issued. If the labor union that served the strike notice calls the strike at the workplace, the validity of such certificate shall be extended until such dispute concludes, so that during its validity no other application shall be processed, nor shall any other labor union or unions be admitted as party to the procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 387
El patrón que emplee trabajadores miembros de un sindicato tendrá obligación de celebrar con éste, cuando lo solicite, un contrato colectivo; para dar cumplimiento a los principios de representatividad en las organizaciones sindicales y de certeza en la firma, registro y depósito de los contratos colectivos de trabajo, el sindicato solicitante deberá contar previamente con la Constancia de Representatividad expedida por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, a que hace referencia el artículo 390 Bis.
Si el patrón se niega a firmar el contrato, podrán los trabajadores ejercitar el derecho de huelga consignado en el artículo 450; la Constancia de Representatividad acredita que el sindicato cuenta con la representación de los trabajadores, por lo que deberá ser acompañada al emplazamiento a huelga como requisito en términos del artículo 920 de esta Ley.
La Constancia de Representatividad a que se refiere el artículo 390 Bis tendrá una vigencia de seis meses a partir de la fecha en que ésta sea expedida. En caso de que el sindicato emplazante estalle la huelga en el centro de trabajo, la vigencia de dicha constancia se prorrogará hasta en tanto concluya dicho conflicto, por lo que durante su vigencia, no se dará trámite a ninguna otra solicitud, ni se admitirá a otro u otros sindicatos como parte del procedimiento.
If there are several labor unions within the same company, the following rules shall be observed:
I. If company unions or industrial unions, or both, compete, the collective bargaining agreement shall be entered into with the one that obtains the largest number of votes of the workers within the company;
II. If craft unions compete, the collective bargaining agreement shall be entered into with all the majority labor unions representing the professions, provided they reach agreement. Otherwise, each labor union shall enter into a collective bargaining agreement for its profession; and
III. If craft unions and company or industry unions compete, the former may enter into a collective bargaining agreement for their profession, provided that the number of workers in their favor is greater than the number of workers of the same profession who vote for the company or industry union.
The workers' vote shall be in accordance with the procedure contemplated in Article 390 Bis. The labor union or unions that, in accordance with this chapter, obtain the majority of the workers, as the case may be, shall obtain the corresponding Certificate of Representativeness in order to request the execution and signing of the collective bargaining agreement under Article 387.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 388
Si dentro de la misma empresa existen varios sindicatos, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si concurren sindicatos de empresa o industriales o unos y otros, el contrato colectivo se celebrará con el que obtenga el mayor número de votos de los trabajadores dentro de la empresa;
II. Si concurren sindicatos gremiales, el contrato colectivo se celebrará con el conjunto de los sindicatos mayoritarios que representen a las profesiones, siempre que se pongan de acuerdo. En caso contrario, cada sindicato celebrará un contrato colectivo para su profesión; y
III. Si concurren sindicatos gremiales y de empresa o de industria, podrán los primeros celebrar un contrato colectivo para su profesión, siempre que el número de trabajadores a su favor sea mayor que el de los trabajadores de la misma profesión que voten por el sindicato de empresa o de industria.
El voto de los trabajadores será conforme al procedimiento contemplado en el artículo 390 Bis. El sindicato o sindicatos que conforme a lo dispuesto en el presente capítulo obtengan la mayoría de trabajadores, según sea el caso, obtendrán la Constancia de Representatividad correspondiente a fin de solicitar la celebración y firma del contrato colectivo de trabajo en términos del artículo 387.
The loss of the majority referred to in the preceding article, declared by the Courts after consulting the workers by personal, free, direct and secret vote, results in the loss of title to the collective bargaining agreement. For that purpose, the labor union shall initiate the special collective procedure contemplated in Article 897 et seq. of this Law before the competent Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 389
La pérdida de la mayoría a que se refiere el artículo anterior, declarada por los Tribunales, después de consultar a los trabajadores mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, produce la de la titularidad del contrato colectivo de trabajo. Para tal efecto, el sindicato deberá de promover el procedimiento especial colectivo contemplado en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de la presente Ley ante el Tribunal competente.
The collective bargaining agreement shall be entered into in writing, on pain of nullity. It shall be executed in triplicate, one copy being delivered to each of the parties and the other being deposited with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), before which each of the contracting parties must designate an address. Such center shall assign them an electronic mailbox.
The agreement shall take effect from the date and time the document is filed, unless the parties have agreed on a different date.
For the registration of an initial collective bargaining agreement, the following documentation shall be filed with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration:
a) The documentation with which the contracting parties evidence their standing;
b) The collective bargaining agreement;
c) The Certificate of Representativeness referred to in Article 390 Bis of this Law, and
d) The scope of application of the collective bargaining agreement.
Once the foregoing documentation has been delivered, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall decide on the registration of the collective bargaining agreement within the following thirty days; such decision shall be served on the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 390
El contrato colectivo de trabajo deberá celebrarse por escrito, bajo pena de nulidad. Se hará por triplicado, entregándose un ejemplar a cada una de las partes y se depositará el otro tanto ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, ante quien cada una de las partes celebrantes debe señalar domicilio. Dicho centro deberá asignarles un buzón electrónico.
El contrato surtirá efectos desde la fecha y hora de presentación del documento, salvo que las partes hubiesen convenido en una fecha distinta.
Para el registro de un contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial, se presentará ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral la siguiente documentación:
a) La documentación con la que las partes contratantes acrediten su personalidad;
b) El contrato colectivo de trabajo;
c) La Constancia de Representatividad a que se refiere el artículo 390 Bis de esta Ley, y
d) El ámbito de aplicación del contrato colectivo de trabajo.
Una vez entregada la documentación anterior, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral deberá de resolver sobre el registro del contrato colectivo de trabajo dentro de los treinta días siguientes, dicha resolución será notificada a las partes.
In order to request the execution of the initial collective bargaining agreement, it shall be indispensable for the labor union to obtain the Certificate of Representativeness from the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), in order to guarantee the principles of representativeness in union organizations and certainty in the signing, registration and deposit of collective bargaining agreements. This certificate shall be issued as follows:
I. The application to obtain the Certificate of Representativeness shall be filed by one or several labor unions with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration. Such application shall be made in writing and shall contain the name of the applicant, as well as the address at which the corresponding notices shall be served on it; it shall also indicate the address and name or identification data of the employer or workplace, as well as the activity in which it engages. In addition, the application shall be accompanied by a list evidencing that the applicant labor union has the support of at least thirty percent of the workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement; such list shall include the name, CURP, hiring date and handwritten signature of the workers who support the applicant labor union.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall keep secret and shall safeguard, under its strictest responsibility, the confidentiality of the list and the annexes submitted by the applicant.
If the aforementioned data are not provided, the Registration Authority, within the following three days, shall require the applicant to cure deficiencies (prevención) so that it may correct its application, which it shall do within the three days following service of notice.
The fact that the workplace operates informally or under sham arrangements shall not affect the workers in the exercise of their freedom of collective bargaining and the defense of their interests;
II. The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, within a term not exceeding three days counted from the filing of the application, shall publish on its Internet site the notice of the application for a Certificate of Representativeness, shall post such notice at the workplace and shall request the employer to place it inside the workplace in the most frequented places in order to make it known to the workers and to any other labor union wishing to obtain the Certificate of Representativeness, so that it may apply to join the application, for which the rules established in Article 388 of this Law shall be followed; such joinder application may be filed in writing with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration within the ten days following the publication of the notice of application, indicating the name of the joining party, as well as its address for hearing and receiving notices, and it shall be accompanied by the list evidencing that it has the support of at least thirty percent of the workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement. The fact that the names of the workers appear in two or more lists submitted by the labor unions shall not prevent the joinder application from being admitted;
III. The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall decide on the admissibility of the application for the Certificate of Representativeness; if admissible, it shall issue the corresponding certificate. If only one labor union applies for the certificate, its representativeness shall be deemed evidenced when it has the support of at least thirty percent of the workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement. In this case, the Center shall obtain from the relevant authorities and bodies the information necessary to verify that the workers included in the list submitted by the applicant labor union represent at least thirty percent of the workers in the service of the employer from whom the signing of the collective bargaining agreement is requested.
If more than one labor union has competed, the right to negotiate and enter into the collective bargaining agreement shall belong to the one that obtains the largest number of votes in accordance with the rules contemplated in Article 388 of this Law. In any case, the number of workers voting shall be at least thirty percent of the workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement whose signing is requested. For the foregoing, the following consultation procedure shall be observed:
a) The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall validate that the competing labor unions evidence the support of at least thirty percent of the workers covered by the collective bargaining agreement, in which case it shall proceed to obtain from the corresponding authorities or bodies the information or elements necessary to prepare a roll, which shall consist of a list of the workers of the workplace who will be consulted by personal, free, direct and secret vote, excluding workers in positions of trust or those hired after the filing of the application. Workers who have been dismissed from work during the three months before or after the filing of the application shall form part of the roll, with the exception of those who have terminated their employment relationship, unless the matter is sub judice.
If it deems it necessary, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration may request the support of the Labor Inspection office or of another public servant authorized by the labor authorities for that purpose. If the applicant so requests, they shall go to the workplace to prepare the list in question with the information or elements available at the time. The list that will serve as the basis for consulting the workers shall be prepared by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration no later than within the ten days following the filing of a second application for a certificate. The employer may not intervene in this procedure;
b) Once the roll that will serve as the basis for consulting the workers has been compiled, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall issue the corresponding call, indicating the place, day and time at which the vote shall take place; the call shall be issued at least ten days before the vote, but not more than fifteen days before it. Such Center shall guarantee that the place designated for the vote is accessible to the workers and meets the conditions necessary for them to cast their vote in a free, peaceful, expeditious and secure manner, without their being coerced in any way.
The call shall be served on the applicant and shall be published electronically on the Internet site of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration. It shall also be posted at the workplace in order to make it known to the workers who will participate in the vote;
c) Each applicant may accredit in advance before the Registration Authority two representatives for each voting place, who shall be allowed to be present during the vote, specifically at the setting up and accreditation of voters, as well as at the acts of scrutiny and counting of votes, without being allowed in the space assigned for workers to cast their vote.
No person outside the procedure may be present at the vote, unless the registration authority has accredited such person as an observer of the vote. Such authority shall take care and make the appropriate arrangements so that no unauthorized person participates or intervenes in the conduct of the voting procedure;
d) The workers' vote shall be personal, free, direct and secret. For that purpose, the Registration Authority shall order the advance preparation of as many ballots as workers have been accredited in accordance with this article, which shall be duly numbered, stamped and authorized with the signature of the official commissioned by such authority; the ballots shall contain sufficient boxes of the same size, according to the number of applicant labor unions, in which the name of the labor union or unions participating in the vote shall appear;
e) At the time, date and place indicated in the call, the consultation shall begin in the presence of the parties attending it; before the workers enter, the official commissioned by the Registration Authority shall set up the screen or screens necessary for the workers to cast their vote in secret, as well as the transparent ballot box or boxes in which the votes will be deposited, verifying that they are empty. Immediately thereafter, upon identification with a valid official document, the workers entitled to vote shall be admitted and each shall be given a ballot to cast their vote.
During the voting procedure, no worker may wear a color, stickers, emblems or any element distinguishing him or her as a member or supporter of any of the applicant labor unions;
f) The name of the voter shall not appear on the ballot, nor may any mark or data be entered on the list that makes it possible to identify the number of the ballot delivered to him or her. The official commissioned by the Registration Authority shall provide the worker with a ballot, and the worker shall go to the screen set up to mark it in absolute secrecy.
Once the worker marks the ballot, he or she shall fold it so as not to reveal how he or she voted, deposit it in the ballot box placed for that purpose, and leave the voting place;
g) Once the voting has concluded, the authorized official of the Registration Authority shall proceed to the scrutiny, opening each ballot box in turn, removing each ballot one by one, examining them to confirm their authenticity and showing them to the representatives of the parties. Unmarked ballots and those marked in more than one box shall be considered void, the ballots being sorted separately according to the sense of each vote, while the void ones shall be set aside;
h) Immediately thereafter, the authorized official shall count the votes and announce the result aloud;
i) If acts of coercion or intimidation occur to prevent workers from casting their vote with full freedom, or if there is an attempt to hinder or prevent them in any way from accessing the place of the proceeding, the authorized official shall request the assistance of the public security forces and shall take the measures he or she deems appropriate to hold the vote under the conditions established by this Law; if the existence of an offense is presumed, he or she shall file the corresponding criminal complaint;
j) Once the consultation has concluded, the authorized official shall draw up a record of it and shall request the representatives of the parties to sign it. Their refusal to sign it shall not affect the validity of the record, and
k) The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall decide on the admissibility of the application for the Certificate of Representativeness; if admissible, it shall issue the corresponding certificate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 390 Bis
Para solicitar la celebración del contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial será indispensable que el sindicato obtenga del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral la Constancia de Representatividad, a fin de garantizar los principios de representatividad en las organizaciones sindicales y certeza en la firma, registro y depósito de los contratos colectivos de trabajo. Esta constancia será expedida conforme a lo siguiente:
I. La solicitud para obtener la Constancia de Representatividad será presentada por uno o varios sindicatos ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral. Dicha solicitud se hará por escrito y contendrá el nombre de la parte solicitante, así como el domicilio en el que se le harán las notificaciones correspondientes; asimismo, deberá señalarse el domicilio y nombre o los datos de identificación del patrón o centro de trabajo, así como la actividad a la que se dedica. Adicionalmente, la solicitud deberá acompañarse de un listado en el que se acredite que el sindicato solicitante cuenta con el respaldo de por lo menos el treinta por ciento de los trabajadores cubiertos por el contrato colectivo; dicho listado deberá incluir el nombre, CURP, fecha de contratación y firma autógrafa de los trabajadores que respalden al sindicato solicitante.
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral conservará en secreto y cuidará bajo su más estricta responsabilidad la confidencialidad del listado y los anexos que exhiba el solicitante.
De no proporcionarse los datos mencionados, la Autoridad Registral dentro de los tres días siguientes prevendrá al solicitante para que subsane su solicitud, lo que deberá hacer dentro de los tres días siguientes a que sea notificado.
El hecho de que el centro de trabajo opere de manera informal o bajo esquemas de simulación no afectará a los trabajadores en el ejercicio de su libertad de negociación colectiva y la defensa de sus intereses;
II. El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, en un plazo no mayor a tres días contados a partir de la presentación de la solicitud, publicará en su sitio de Internet el aviso de solicitud de Constancia de Representatividad, fijará dicho aviso en el centro de trabajo y solicitará al patrón que lo coloque al interior del centro laboral en los lugares de mayor afluencia para hacerlo del conocimiento a los trabajadores y a cualquier otro sindicato que desee obtener la Constancia de Representatividad, a fin de que éste pueda promover su adhesión a la solicitud, para lo cual se estará a las normas que establece el artículo 388 de esta Ley; dicha solicitud adhesiva podrá presentarse por escrito ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral dentro de los diez días siguientes a la publicación del aviso de solicitud, señalando el nombre de la parte adherente, así como su domicilio para oír y recibir notificaciones, debiendo acompañar el listado que acredite que cuenta con el respaldo de por lo menos el treinta por ciento de los trabajadores cubiertos por el contrato colectivo. No será impedimento para que se admita la solicitud adhesiva que los nombres de los trabajadores aparezcan en dos o más listados presentados por los sindicatos;
III. El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral resolverá sobre la procedencia de la solicitud de la Constancia de Representatividad; de resultar procedente, emitirá la constancia correspondiente. Si sólo un sindicato solicita la constancia, se tendrá por acreditada su representatividad cuando cuente con el respaldo de por lo menos el treinta por ciento de los trabajadores cubiertos por el contrato colectivo. En este caso, el Centro recabará ante las autoridades e instancias pertinentes la información necesaria para verificar que los trabajadores contemplados en el listado que presente el sindicato solicitante representen al menos el treinta por ciento de los trabajadores al servicio del patrón del que se solicita la firma del contrato colectivo de trabajo.
De haber contendido más de un sindicato, el derecho a negociar y celebrar el contrato colectivo corresponderá al que obtenga el mayor número de votos conforme a las reglas contempladas en el artículo 388 de esta Ley. En todo caso, el número de trabajadores votantes deberá de ser de por lo menos del treinta por ciento de los trabajadores cubiertos por el contrato colectivo del que se solicita la firma. Para lo anterior se deberá observar el procedimiento de consulta siguiente:
a) El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral validará que los sindicatos contendientes acrediten el respaldo de por lo menos el treinta por ciento de los trabajadores cubiertos por el contrato colectivo, en cuyo caso procederá a recabar ante las autoridades o instancias correspondientes la información o elementos necesarios para elaborar un padrón, que consistirá en un listado de los trabajadores del centro laboral que serán consultados mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, excluyendo a los trabajadores de confianza o aquellos que ingresen con posterioridad a la presentación de la solicitud. Serán parte del padrón los trabajadores que hayan sido despedidos del trabajo durante los tres meses previos o posteriores a la presentación del escrito de solicitud, a excepción de aquéllos que hayan dado por terminada su relación de trabajo, salvo que se encuentre sub iudice.
En caso de estimarlo necesario, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral podrá solicitar el apoyo de la oficina de Inspección del Trabajo u otro servidor público que las autoridades del trabajo habiliten para tal efecto. De requerirlo la parte solicitante, éstos deberán constituirse en el centro de trabajo para elaborar el listado en cuestión, con la información o los elementos que disponga al momento. El listado que servirá de base para la consulta a los trabajadores deberá de ser elaborado por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral a más tardar en el plazo de diez días siguientes al de la presentación de una segunda solicitud de constancia. El patrón no podrá intervenir en este procedimiento;
b) Una vez conformado el padrón que servirá de base para la consulta de los trabajadores, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral emitirá la convocatoria correspondiente, señalando el lugar, día y hora en que deberá efectuarse la votación; la convocatoria se emitirá por lo menos con diez días de anticipación a ésta sin que exceda de quince días. Dicho Centro deberá garantizar que el lugar que se designe para la votación sea accesible a los trabajadores y reúna las condiciones necesarias para que éstos emitan su voto de forma libre, pacífica, ágil y segura, sin que puedan ser coaccionados de forma alguna.
La convocatoria se notificará a la parte solicitante y será publicada electrónicamente en el sitio de Internet del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral. Asimismo será fijada en el centro laboral para hacerla del conocimiento a los trabajadores que participarán en la votación;
c) Cada parte solicitante podrá acreditar previamente ante la Autoridad Registral a dos representantes por cada lugar de votación, a los que se les deberá permitir estar presentes durante ésta, específicamente en la instalación y acreditación de votantes, así como en los actos de escrutinio y cómputo de votos, sin que puedan estar en el espacio asignado en el que los trabajadores depositen su voto.
Ninguna persona ajena al procedimiento podrá estar presente en la votación, a menos que la autoridad registral lo haya acreditado como observador de la votación. Dicha autoridad cuidará y proveerá lo conducente para que ninguna persona que no esté autorizada, participe o intervenga en el desarrollo del procedimiento de votación;
d) El voto de los trabajadores se hará en forma personal, libre, directa y secreta. Para tal efecto, la Autoridad Registral ordenará hacer previamente tantas boletas de votación como trabajadores se hubieren acreditado conforme a este artículo, las que serán debidamente foliadas, selladas y autorizadas con la firma del funcionario comisionado por dicha autoridad; las boletas deberán contener el o los recuadros suficientes y del mismo tamaño, de acuerdo al número de sindicatos solicitantes, en los que deberá aparecer el nombre del o los sindicatos participantes en la votación;
e) En la hora, fecha y lugar señalados en la convocatoria, se iniciará la consulta con la presencia de las partes que asistan a la misma; previo al ingreso de los trabajadores, el funcionario comisionado por la Autoridad Registral instalará la o las mamparas necesarias para la emisión del voto de los trabajadores en secreto, así como la urna o urnas transparentes en las que se depositarán los votos, debiendo verificar que se encuentren vacías. Acto seguido, previa identificación con documento oficial vigente, se procederá al ingreso de los trabajadores con derecho a voto y se dotará a cada uno con su boleta para ejercerlo.
Durante el procedimiento de votación, ningún trabajador podrá vestir con un color, calcomanías, emblemas o cualquier elemento que lo distinga como miembro o simpatizante de alguno de los sindicatos solicitantes;
f) En la boleta no deberá aparecer el nombre del votante, ni podrá asentarse señal o dato alguno en el listado que haga posible identificar el folio de la boleta que le fue entregada. El funcionario comisionado por la Autoridad Registral proporcionará al trabajador su boleta, quien deberá dirigirse a la mampara colocada para marcarla en absoluto secreto.
Una vez que el trabajador marque su boleta, la doblará para evitar mostrar el sentido de su voto y la depositará en la urna colocada para tal efecto, y deberá salir del lugar de la votación;
g) Concluida la votación, el funcionario facultado de la Autoridad Registral procederá a practicar el escrutinio, abriendo sucesivamente cada urna, extrayendo una a una cada boleta, examinándolas para corroborar su autenticidad y exhibiéndolas a los representantes de las partes. Las boletas no cruzadas y las marcadas en más de un recuadro se considerarán nulas, poniendo las boletas por separado conforme al sentido de cada voto, mientras que las nulas se colocarán por aparte;
h) Acto seguido, el funcionario facultado procederá al cómputo de los votos y anunciará su resultado en voz alta;
i) En caso de suscitarse actos de coacción o intimidación para impedir que los trabajadores ejerzan su voto con plena libertad, o se les pretenda obstaculizar o impedir de cualquier forma acceder al lugar de la diligencia, el funcionario facultado solicitará el auxilio de la fuerza pública y tomará las medidas que estime conducentes para celebrar la votación en las condiciones que establece esta Ley; de presumirse la existencia de algún ilícito, deberá presentar la denuncia correspondiente;
j) Concluida la consulta, el funcionario facultado levantará acta de la misma y solicitará a los representantes de las partes que la suscriban. La negativa a firmarla por parte de éstos no afectará la validez del acta, y
k) El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral resolverá sobre la procedencia de la solicitud de la Constancia de Representatividad; de resultar procedente, emitirá la constancia correspondiente.
For the registration of an initial collective bargaining agreement or a revision agreement, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall verify that its content has been approved by the majority of the workers covered by it through personal, free and secret vote. The procedure for consulting the workers shall be carried out as follows:
I. Once the terms of the initial collective bargaining agreement or of the respective revision agreement have been agreed with the employer, the labor union holding the representation of the workers shall notify the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, in writing or electronically, that it will submit the approval of the content of the agreement to consultation of the workers. The notice shall be given at least ten days before the consultation takes place.
The notice referred to in the preceding paragraph shall indicate the day, time and place where the consultation of the workers by personal, free and secret vote will be held, and a copy of the negotiated agreement signed by the parties shall be attached to it. The labor union shall also issue the corresponding call, indicating the place, day and time at which the vote shall take place; the call shall be issued at least ten days before the vote, but not more than fifteen days before it;
II. The procedure for consulting the workers shall meet the following requirements:
a) The labor union shall timely make available to the workers a printed or electronic copy of the initial collective bargaining agreement or of the revision agreement to be submitted to consultation;
b) The vote shall take place on the day, at the time and at the place indicated in the call;
c) It shall be guaranteed that the place designated for the vote is accessible to the workers and meets the conditions necessary for them to cast their vote in a free, peaceful, expeditious and secure manner, without their being coerced in any way;
d) The employer may not intervene in any way during the consultation procedure;
e) The result of the vote shall be published by the union leadership in visible and easily accessible places at the workplace and at the corresponding union premises within a term not exceeding two days from the date on which the consultation is held;
f) The labor union shall notify the result of the vote to the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration within the three business days following the date on which the consultation is held, so that such Center may publish it on its Internet site.
The notice indicated in the preceding paragraph shall be given under oath to tell the truth. If there are inconsistencies in relation to substantive facts of the process, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall declare the consultation null and void and shall order it to be repeated;
g) The voting records shall be kept for five years to evidence compliance with this obligation, for purposes of verification by the labor or registration authority. The promoting labor union shall state under oath to tell the truth that it complied with this obligation, and
h) The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration may verify that the consultation procedure is carried out in accordance with the aforementioned requirements;
III. If the content of the agreement has the majority support of the workers, the following shall apply:
a) For initial collective bargaining agreements, the labor union shall proceed to file the application for registration with the Registration Authority as provided in Article 390 of this Law, and
b) For revision agreements or amendments to the collective bargaining agreement, the provisions of Article 399 Ter shall apply;
IV. If the initial collective bargaining agreement or the revision agreement does not have the majority support of the workers covered by it, the labor union may:
a) Exercise its right to strike, if it has served the corresponding strike notice, and
b) Extend or enlarge the pre-strike period in order to continue the negotiation and submit the agreement to a new consultation, observing the provisions of section V of Article 927 of this Law.
In the consultation procedure provided for in this article, the personal, free and secret vote of the workers shall be exercised individually and directly.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 390 Ter
Para el registro de un contrato colectivo inicial o un convenio de revisión, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral verificará que su contenido sea aprobado por la mayoría de los trabajadores cubiertos por el mismo a través del voto personal, libre y secreto. El procedimiento de consulta a los trabajadores se llevará a cabo conforme a lo siguiente:
I. Una vez acordados con el patrón los términos del contrato colectivo inicial o del convenio de revisión respectivo, el sindicato que cuente con la representación de los trabajadores dará aviso al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, por escrito o vía electrónica, que someterá a consulta de los trabajadores la aprobación del contenido del contrato. El aviso deberá hacerse con un mínimo de diez días de anticipación a que se realice la consulta.
El aviso a que se refiere el párrafo anterior señalará día, hora y lugar en donde se llevará a cabo la consulta a los trabajadores mediante voto personal, libre y secreto, y deberá anexar un ejemplar del contrato o convenio negociado firmado por las partes. Asimismo, el sindicato deberá emitir la convocatoria correspondiente, señalando el lugar, día y hora en que deberá efectuarse la votación; la convocatoria se emitirá por lo menos con diez días de anticipación a ésta sin que exceda de quince días;
II. El procedimiento de consulta que se realice a los trabajadores deberá cubrir los siguientes requisitos:
a) El sindicato deberá poner oportunamente a disposición de los trabajadores un ejemplar impreso o electrónico del contrato colectivo inicial o del convenio de revisión que se someterá a consulta;
b) La votación se llevará a cabo el día, hora y lugar señalados en la convocatoria;
c) Se garantizará que el lugar que se designe para la votación sea accesible a los trabajadores y reúna las condiciones necesarias para que éstos emitan su voto de forma libre, pacífica, ágil y segura, sin que puedan ser coaccionados de forma alguna;
d) El empleador no podrá tener intervención alguna durante el procedimiento de consulta;
e) El resultado de la votación será publicado por la directiva sindical en lugares visibles y de fácil acceso del centro de trabajo y en el local sindical correspondiente en un plazo no mayor a dos días de la fecha que se realice la consulta;
f) El sindicato dará aviso del resultado de la votación al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral dentro de los tres días hábiles siguientes a la fecha en que se realice la consulta, a efecto de que dicho Centro lo publique en su sitio de Internet.
El aviso señalado en el párrafo anterior se hará bajo protesta de decir verdad. En caso de existir inconsistencias en relación con hechos sustantivos del proceso, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral declarará nula la consulta y ordenará la reposición de la misma;
g) Las actas de votación serán resguardadas durante cinco años para acreditar el cumplimiento de esta obligación, para efectos de verificación de la autoridad laboral o registral. El sindicato promovente deberá manifestar bajo protesta de decir verdad que dio cumplimiento a esta obligación, y
h) El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral podrá verificar que el procedimiento de consulta se realice conforme a los requisitos antes señalados;
III. De contar con el apoyo mayoritario de los trabajadores al contenido del acuerdo, se estará a lo siguiente:
a) Para contratos colectivos de trabajo inicial, el sindicato procederá a realizar la solicitud de registro ante la Autoridad Registral conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 390 de la presente Ley, y
b) Para convenios de revisión o modificaciones del contrato colectivo de trabajo, se estará a lo dispuesto en el artículo 399 Ter;
IV. En caso de que el contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial o el convenio de revisión no cuente con el apoyo mayoritario de los trabajadores cubiertos por el mismo, el sindicato podrá:
a) Ejercer su derecho a huelga, en caso de haber promovido el emplazamiento correspondiente, y
b) Prorrogar o ampliar el periodo de prehuelga con el objeto de continuar con la negociación y someter el acuerdo a nueva consulta, observando lo establecido en la fracción V del artículo 927 de esta Ley.
En el procedimiento de consulta previsto en el presente artículo, el voto personal, libre y secreto de los trabajadores se ejercerá en forma individual y directa.
The collective bargaining agreement shall contain:
I. The names and addresses of the contracting parties;
II. The companies and establishments it covers;
III. Its duration, or a statement that it is for an indefinite term or for a specific project;
IV. The working hours;
V. The rest days and vacation;
VI. The amount of wages;
VII. The clauses relating to the training or instruction of the workers in the company or establishments it covers;
VIII. Provisions on the initial training or instruction to be given to those who are going to start working at the company or establishment;
IX. The bases for the composition and operation of the Commissions that must be formed in accordance with this Law; and,
X. The other stipulations agreed upon by the parties.
Collective bargaining agreements may not contain an exclusion-by-separation clause, meaning a clause establishing that workers who cease to belong to the labor union by resignation or expulsion may be separated from their employment without liability for the employer.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall issue to whoever requests it in writing and pays the corresponding duties a certified copy of the most recent text of the collective bargaining agreement and/or wage schedules that has been registered.
At the request of the parties, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, within the three days following the filing of the request, shall issue the Certificate of Registration of the Collective Bargaining Agreement, which shall contain:
I. Number or folio of the registration file;
II. The contracting parties;
III. Address and, where applicable, the electronic mailbox of each of the parties;
IV. Scope of application of the Agreement;
V. Date of the last revision, and
VI. Term of validity of the collective bargaining agreement and its wage schedule.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 391
El contrato colectivo contendrá:
I. Los nombres y domicilios de los contratantes;
II. Las empresas y establecimientos que abarque;
III. Su duración o la expresión de ser por tiempo indeterminado o para obra determinada;
IV. Las jornadas de trabajo;
V. Los días de descanso y vacaciones;
VI. El monto de los salarios;
VII. Las cláusulas relativas a la capacitación o adiestramiento de los trabajadores en la empresa o establecimientos que comprenda;
VIII. Disposiciones sobre la capacitación o adiestramiento inicial que se deba impartir a quienes vayan a ingresar a laborar a la empresa o establecimiento;
IX. Las bases sobre la integración y funcionamiento de las Comisiones que deban integrarse de acuerdo con esta Ley; y,
X. Las demás estipulaciones que convengan las partes.
Los contratos colectivos no podrán contener cláusula de exclusión por separación, entendiéndose como tal la que establece que aquellos trabajadores que dejen de pertenecer al sindicato por renuncia o expulsión del mismo, puedan ser separados de su empleo sin responsabilidad para el patrón.
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral deberá expedir a quien lo solicite por escrito y pague los derechos correspondientes, copia certificada del texto más reciente del contrato colectivo y/o tabuladores que haya sido registrado.
A solicitud de las partes, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, dentro de los tres días siguientes a que ésta se presente emitirá el Certificado de Registro del Contrato Colectivo de Trabajo que contendrá:
I. Número o folio del expediente de registro;
II. Las partes celebrantes;
III. Domicilio, y en su caso el buzón electrónico de cada una de las partes;
IV. Ámbito de aplicación del Contrato;
V. Fecha de la última revisión, y
VI. Período de vigencia del contrato colectivo y su tabulador.
The Registration Authority shall make public, for consultation by any person, the information on the collective bargaining agreements deposited with it. It shall also issue copies of such documents under the General Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information.
Preferably, the full text of the public versions of the collective bargaining agreements shall be available free of charge on the Internet site of the Registration Authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 391 Bis
La Autoridad Registral hará pública, para consulta de cualquier persona, la información de los contratos colectivos de trabajo que se encuentren depositados ante la misma. Asimismo, deberá expedir copias de dichos documentos, en términos de lo dispuesto por la Ley General de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública.
De preferencia, el texto íntegro de las versiones públicas de los contratos colectivos de trabajo deberá estar disponible en forma gratuita en el sitio de Internet de la Autoridad Registral.
Collective bargaining agreements may provide for the organization of joint commissions for the performance of certain social and economic functions. Their resolutions shall be enforced by the Courts in cases in which the parties declare them binding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 392
En los contratos colectivos podrá establecerse la organización de comisiones mixtas para el cumplimiento de determinadas funciones sociales y económicas. Sus resoluciones serán ejecutadas por los Tribunales, en los casos en que las partes las declaren obligatorias.
An agreement lacking the determination of wages shall not have the effects of a collective bargaining agreement. If the stipulations on working hours, rest days and vacation are missing, the legal provisions shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 393
No producirá efectos de contrato colectivo el convenio al que falte la determinación de los salarios. Si faltan las estipulaciones sobre jornada de trabajo, días de descanso y vacaciones, se aplicarán las disposiciones legales.
The collective bargaining agreement may not be agreed upon under conditions less favorable to the workers than those contained in agreements in force in the company or establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 394
El contrato colectivo no podrá concertarse en condiciones menos favorables para los trabajadores que las contenidas en contratos vigentes en la empresa o establecimiento.
The collective bargaining agreement may provide that the employer shall hire as workers only those who are members of the contracting labor union. This clause and any others establishing privileges in its favor may not be applied to the detriment of workers who are not members of the labor union and who were already providing their services in the company or establishment prior to the date on which the labor union requests the execution or revision of the collective bargaining agreement and the inclusion of the exclusion clause in it. A union sanction imposed on a worker may not affect his or her continued employment or working conditions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 395
En el contrato colectivo, podrá establecerse que el patrón admitirá exclusivamente como trabajadores a quienes sean miembros del sindicato contratante. Esta cláusula y cualesquiera otras que establezcan privilegios en su favor, no podrán aplicarse en perjuicio de los trabajadores que no formen parte del sindicato y que ya presten sus servicios en la empresa o establecimiento con anterioridad a la fecha en que el sindicato solicite la celebración o revisión del contrato colectivo y la inclusión en él de la cláusula de exclusión. La sanción sindical impuesta al trabajador no podrá afectar su permanencia en el empleo o sus condiciones de trabajo.
The stipulations of the collective bargaining agreement extend to all persons who work in the company or establishment, even if they are not members of the labor union that entered into it, with the limitation set forth in Article 184.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 396
Las estipulaciones del contrato colectivo se extienden a todas las personas que trabajen en la empresa o establecimiento, aunque no sean miembros del sindicato que lo haya celebrado, con la limitación consignada en el artículo 184.
A collective bargaining agreement for a fixed or indefinite term, or for a specific project, shall be subject to total or partial revision in accordance with Article 399.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 397
El contrato colectivo por tiempo determinado o indeterminado, o para obra determinada, será revisable total o parcialmente, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 399.
In the revision of the collective bargaining agreement, the following rules shall be observed:
I. If it was entered into by a single workers' labor union or by a single employer, either party may request its revision;
II. If it was entered into by several workers' labor unions, the revision shall take place provided that the requesting parties represent at least fifty-one percent of all the members of the labor unions; and
III. If it was entered into by several employers, the revision shall take place provided that the requesting parties have at least fifty-one percent of all the workers affected by the agreement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 398
En la revisión del contrato colectivo se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si se celebró por un solo sindicato de trabajadores o por un solo patrón, cualquiera de las partes podrá solicitar su revisión;
II. Si se celebró por varios sindicatos de trabajadores, la revisión se hará siempre que los solicitantes representen el cincuenta y uno por ciento de la totalidad de los miembros de los sindicatos, por lo menos; y
III. Si se celebró por varios patrones, la revisión se hará siempre que los solicitantes tengan el cincuenta y uno por ciento de la totalidad de los trabajadores afectados por el contrato, por lo menos.
The request for revision shall be made at least sixty calendar days before:
I. The expiration of the collective bargaining agreement for a fixed term, if such term is not longer than two years;
II. The lapse of two years, if the fixed-term agreement has a longer duration; and
III. The lapse of two years, in the case of agreements for an indefinite term or for a specific project.
For the computation of this term, the provisions of the agreement shall be followed and, failing that, the date of deposit.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 399
La solicitud de revisión deberá hacerse, por lo menos, sesenta días naturales antes:
I. Del vencimiento del contrato colectivo por tiempo determinado, si éste no es mayor de dos años;
II. Del transcurso de dos años, si el contrato por tiempo determinado tiene una duración mayor; y
III. Del transcurso de dos años, en los casos de contrato por tiempo indeterminado o por obra determinada.
Para el cómputo de este término se atenderá a lo establecido en el contrato y, en su defecto, a la fecha del depósito.
Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 399, collective bargaining agreements shall be subject to revision every year with respect to cash wages by daily rate.
The request for this revision shall be made at least thirty calendar days before the completion of one year from the execution, revision or extension of the collective bargaining agreement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 399 Bis
Sin perjuicio de lo que establece el Artículo 399, los contratos colectivos serán revisables cada año en lo que se refiere a los salarios en efectivo por cuota diaria.
La solicitud de esta revisión deberá hacerse por lo menos treinta días naturales antes del cumplimiento de un año transcurrido desde la celebración, revisión o prórroga del contrato colectivo.
The revision or amendment agreement for the collective bargaining agreement shall be entered into before the Registration Authority, the Court or the competent Conciliation Center, as applicable. Once approved by the authority, it shall have legal effect.
For the purposes of updating the registration file of the collective bargaining agreement and of its legal publicity, the competent Conciliation Center or the Court, under its strictest responsibility and within the term of the following three days, shall send an authorized copy of the agreement to the Registration Authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 399 Ter
El convenio de revisión o de modificación del contrato colectivo de trabajo deberá celebrarse ante la Autoridad Registral, el Tribunal o el Centro de Conciliación competente según corresponda. Una vez aprobado por la autoridad, surtirá efectos legales.
Para los efectos de la actualización del expediente de registro del contrato colectivo y de su legal publicidad, el Centro de Conciliación competente o el Tribunal, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad y dentro del término de los tres días siguientes, hará llegar copia autorizada del convenio a la Autoridad Registral.
If neither party requested revision under Article 399, or the right to strike was not exercised, the collective bargaining agreement shall be extended for a period equal to its duration or shall continue for an indefinite term.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 400
Si ninguna de las partes solicitó la revisión en los términos del artículo 399 o no se ejercitó el derecho de huelga, el contrato colectivo se prorrogará por un período igual al de su duración o continuará por tiempo indeterminado.
Every two years, in the contractual revision that corresponds under Article 399, the revision agreement for the collective bargaining agreement shall be submitted to the approval of the majority of the workers governed by it through personal, free and secret vote, in accordance with the consultation procedure contemplated in Article 390 Ter of this Law.
Said contractual revisions shall be deposited with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), which may verify that the content of the collective bargaining agreement has been made known to the workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 400 Bis
Cada dos años, en la revisión contractual que corresponda conforme a lo dispuesto en el artículo 399, el convenio de revisión del contrato colectivo deberá someterse a la aprobación de la mayoría de los trabajadores regidos por el mismo a través del voto personal, libre y secreto, conforme al procedimiento de consulta contemplado en el artículo 390 Ter de la presente Ley.
Las referidas revisiones contractuales deberán depositarse ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, el cual podrá verificar que el contenido del contrato colectivo de trabajo se haya hecho del conocimiento de los trabajadores.
The collective bargaining agreement terminates:
I. By mutual consent, with the prior approval of the majority of the workers in accordance with the procedure contemplated in Article 390 Ter of this Law;
II. By completion of the project; and
III. In the cases of chapter VIII of this Title, by closure of the company or establishment, provided that in this latter case the collective bargaining agreement applies exclusively to the establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 401
El contrato colectivo de trabajo termina:
I. Por mutuo consentimiento, previa aprobación de la mayoría de los trabajadores conforme al procedimiento contemplado en el artículo 390 Ter de esta Ley;
II. Por terminación de la obra; y
III. En los casos del capítulo VIII de este Título, por cierre de la empresa o establecimiento, siempre que en este último caso, el contrato colectivo se aplique exclusivamente en el establecimiento.
If, after a collective bargaining agreement has been signed, an employer separates from the labor union that entered into it, the agreement shall nonetheless govern the relations of that employer with the labor union or unions of its workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 402
Si firmado un contrato colectivo, un patrón se separa del sindicato que lo celebró, el contrato regirá, no obstante, las relaciones de aquel patrón con el sindicato o sindicatos de sus trabajadores.
In the event of dissolution of the workers' labor union holding title to the collective bargaining agreement, or of termination of the agreement, the working conditions shall remain in force in the company or establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 403
En los casos de disolución del sindicato de trabajadores titular del contrato colectivo o de terminación de éste, las condiciones de trabajo continuarán vigentes en la empresa o establecimiento.
CAPITULO IV / Contrato Ley
An industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) is the agreement entered into between one or more workers' labor unions and several employers, or one or more employers' labor unions, for the purpose of establishing the conditions under which work must be performed in a given branch of industry, and declared binding in one or more states (federal entities), in one or more economic zones covering one or more of such states, or throughout the national territory.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 404
Contrato-ley es el convenio celebrado entre uno o varios sindicatos de trabajadores y varios patrones, o uno o varios sindicatos de patrones, con objeto de establecer las condiciones según las cuales debe prestarse el trabajo en un rama determinada de la industria, y declarado obligatorio en una o varias Entidades Federativas, en una o varias zonas económicas que abarquen una o más de dichas Entidades, o en todo el territorio nacional.
Industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley) may be entered into for industries under federal or local jurisdiction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 405
Los contratos-ley pueden celebrarse para industrias de jurisdicción federal o local.
The execution of an industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) may be requested by labor unions representing at least two thirds of the unionized workers of a branch of industry in one or more states (federal entities), in one or more economic zones covering one or more of such states, or throughout the national territory.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 406
Pueden solicitar la celebración de un contrato-ley los sindicatos que representen las dos terceras partes de los trabajadores sindicalizados, por lo menos, de una rama de la industria en una o varias Entidades Federativas, en una o más zonas económicas, que abarque una o más de dichas Entidades o en todo el territorio nacional.
The request shall be filed with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 407
La solicitud se presentará al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral.
The requesting parties shall prove that they meet the majority requirement mentioned in Article 406 by attaching the Certificate of Representativeness obtained in accordance with the procedure established in Article 390 Bis, or with the membership roll if they have entered into a collective bargaining agreement or are administrators of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 408
Los solicitantes justificarán que satisfacen el requisito de mayoría mencionado en el artículo 406, acompañando la Constancia de Representatividad obtenida conforme al procedimiento establecido en el artículo 390 Bis, o con el padrón de socios si tienen celebrado contrato colectivo de trabajo o son administradores del contrato-ley.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), after verifying the majority requirement, if in its judgment the execution of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) is timely and beneficial for the industry, shall call the workers' labor unions and the employers that may be affected to a convention.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 409
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, después de verificar el requisito de mayoría, si a su juicio es oportuna y benéfica para la industria la celebración del contrato-ley, convocará a una convención a los sindicatos de trabajadores y a los patrones que puedan resultar afectados.
The call shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official gazette of the state (federal entity) and in the newspapers or by the means deemed appropriate, and shall indicate the place where the convention is to be held and the date and time of the opening meeting. The date of the meeting shall be set within a term of not less than thirty days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 410
La convocatoria se publicará en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o en el periódico oficial de la Entidad Federativa y en los periódicos o por los medios que se juzguen adecuados y señalará el lugar donde haya de celebrarse la convención y la fecha y hora de la reunión inaugural. La fecha de la reunión será señalada dentro de un plazo no menor de treinta días.
The convention shall be presided over by the head of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) or by the representative designated by the latter for that purpose.
The convention shall formulate its rules of procedure and form the commissions it deems appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 411
La convención será presidida por el titular del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o por el representante que al efecto éste designe.
La convención formulará su reglamento e integrará las comisiones que juzgue conveniente.
The industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall contain:
I. The names and addresses of the workers' labor unions and of the employers that attended the convention;
II. The state or states (federal entities) or the zone or zones it covers, or a statement that it governs throughout the national territory;
III. Its term, which may not exceed two years;
IV. The working conditions indicated in Article 391, sections IV, V, VI and IX;
V. The rules in accordance with which the plans and programs for the implementation of training and instruction in the branch of industry in question shall be formulated; and,
VI. The other stipulations agreed upon by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 412
El contrato-ley contendrá:
I. Los nombres y domicilios de los sindicatos de trabajadores y de los patrones que concurrieron a la convención;
II. La Entidad o Entidades Federativas, la zona o zonas que abarque o la expresión de regir en todo el territorio nacional;
III. Su vigencia, que no podrá exceder de dos años;
IV. Las condiciones de trabajo señaladas en el artículo 391, fracciones IV, V, VI y IX;
V. Las reglas conforme a las cuales se formularán los planes y programas para la implantación de la capacitación y el adiestramiento en la rama de la industria de que se trate; y,
VI. Las demás estipulaciones que convengan las partes.
The industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) may establish the clauses referred to in Article 395. Their application shall be the responsibility of the labor union administering the industry-wide agreement in each company.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 413
En el contrato-ley podrán establecerse las cláusulas a que se refiere el artículo 395. Su aplicación corresponderá al sindicato administrador del contrato-ley en cada empresa.
The agreement shall be approved by the majority of the workers represented at the Convention, as well as by the majority of the employers that have that same majority of workers in their service.
Once the agreement has been approved under the preceding paragraph, the President of the Republic, the Governor of the State or the Head of Government of Mexico City shall publish it in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official gazette of the state (federal entity), declaring it an industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) in the branch of industry concerned for all the companies or establishments that exist or are established in the future in the state or states, in the zone or zones it covers, or throughout the national territory.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 414
El convenio deberá ser aprobado por la mayoría de los trabajadores que estén representados en la Convención, así como por la mayoría de los patrones que tengan a su servicio la misma mayoría de trabajadores.
Aprobado el convenio en los términos del párrafo anterior, el Presidente de la República, el Gobernador del Estado o el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, lo publicarán en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o en el periódico oficial de la Entidad Federativa, declarándolo contrato-ley en la rama de la industria considerada, para todas las empresas o establecimientos que existan o se establezcan en el futuro en la Entidad o Entidades Federativas, en la zona o zonas que abarque o en todo el territorio nacional.
If the collective bargaining agreement has been entered into by a majority of two thirds of the unionized workers of a given branch of industry, in one or more states (federal entities), in one or more economic zones, or throughout the national territory, it may be raised to the category of industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley), subject to compliance with the following requirements:
I. The request shall be filed by the workers' labor unions or by the employers with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), in accordance with Article 407;
II. The workers' labor unions and the employers shall prove that they meet the majority requirement indicated in Article 406;
III. The petitioners shall attach to their request a copy of the agreement and shall indicate its registration data;
IV. The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, after verifying the majority requirement, shall order its publication in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official gazette of the state, and shall set a term of not less than fifteen days for objections to be filed;
V. If no objection is filed within the term indicated in the call, the President of the Republic, the Governor of the State or the Head of Government of Mexico City shall declare the industry-wide agreement binding, in accordance with Article 414, and
VI. If an objection is filed within the term indicated in the call, the following rules shall be observed:
a) The workers and the employers shall have a term of fifteen days to submit their observations in writing, accompanied by the evidence supporting them.
b) The President of the Republic, the Governor of the State or the Head of Government of Mexico City, taking into consideration the data in the file, may declare the industry-wide agreement binding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 415
Si el contrato colectivo ha sido celebrado por una mayoría de dos terceras partes de los trabajadores sindicalizados de determinada rama de la industria, en una o varias Entidades Federativas, en una o varias zonas económicas, o en todo el territorio nacional, podrá ser elevado a la categoría de contrato-ley, previo cumplimiento de los requisitos siguientes:
I. La solicitud deberá presentarse por los sindicatos de trabajadores o por los patrones ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 407;
II. Los sindicatos de trabajadores y los patrones comprobarán que satisfacen el requisito de mayoría señalado en el artículo 406;
III. Los peticionarios acompañarán a su solicitud copia del contrato y señalarán los datos de su registro;
IV. El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, después de verificar el requisito de mayoría, ordenará su publicación en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o en el periódico oficial de la Entidad Federativa, y señalará un término no menor de quince días para que se formulen oposiciones;
V. Si no se formula oposición dentro del término señalado en la convocatoria, el Presidente de la República, el Gobernador del Estado o el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, declarará obligatorio el contrato-ley, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 414, y
VI. Si dentro del plazo señalado en la convocatoria se formula oposición, se observarán las normas siguientes:
a) Los trabajadores y los patrones dispondrán de un término de quince días para presentar por escrito sus observaciones, acompañadas de las pruebas que las justifiquen.
b) El Presidente de la República, el Gobernador del Estado o el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, tomando en consideración los datos del expediente, podrá declarar la obligatoriedad del contrato-ley.
The industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall take effect from the date of its publication in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official gazette of the state (federal entity), unless the convention indicates a different date.
Once the industry-wide agreement has been published, its application shall be mandatory for the entire industrial branch it covers; consequently, the collective bargaining agreements previously entered into shall be suspended, except as provided in Article 417, and the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall make the corresponding annotation.
When an industry-wide agreement is in force in any industrial branch, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall not process the deposit of any collective bargaining agreement in that same industrial branch.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 416
El contrato-ley producirá efectos a partir de la fecha de su publicación en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, o en el periódico oficial de la Entidad Federativa, salvo que la convención señale una fecha distinta.
Una vez publicado el contrato-ley, su aplicación será obligatoria para toda la rama industrial que abarque; en consecuencia, los contratos colectivos de trabajo celebrados con anterioridad suspenderán su vigencia, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 417, haciéndose la anotación correspondiente por parte del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral.
Cuando exista celebrado un contrato-ley vigente en alguna rama industrial, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral no dará trámite al depósito de ningún contrato colectivo de trabajo en esa misma rama industrial.
The industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall apply notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in the collective bargaining agreement entered into by the company, except on those points in which such stipulations are more favorable to the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 417
El contrato-ley se aplicará no obstante cualquier disposición en contrario contenida en el contrato colectivo que la empresa tenga celebrado, salvo en aquellos puntos en que estas estipulaciones sean más favorables al trabajador.
In each company, the administration of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall be the responsibility of the labor union that represents the largest number of workers within it in accordance with Article 408. The loss of the majority declared by the Courts results in the loss of the administration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 418
En cada empresa, la administración del contrato-ley corresponderá al sindicato que represente dentro de ella el mayor número de trabajadores conforme a lo señalado en el artículo 408. La pérdida de la mayoría declarada por los Tribunales produce la de la administración.
In the revision of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley), the following rules shall be observed:
I. Revision may be requested by the workers' labor unions or the employers representing the majorities indicated in Article 406;
II. The request shall be filed with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) at least ninety calendar days before the expiration of the industry-wide agreement;
III. The authority receiving the request, after verifying the majority requirement, shall call the workers' labor unions and the affected employers to a convention, which shall be governed by Article 411; and
IV. If the workers' labor unions and the employers reach an agreement that complies with the first paragraph of Article 414, the head of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall communicate it to the head of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) for publication in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF), or to the Governor of the state (federal entity) or the Head of Government of Mexico City for publication in the official gazette of the state, as applicable. The amendments shall take effect from the day of their publication, unless the convention indicates a different date, and
V. If, upon conclusion of the revision procedure, the workers' labor unions and the employers do not reach an agreement, the industry-wide agreement shall be deemed extended for all applicable legal purposes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 419
En la revisión del contrato-ley se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Podrán solicitar la revisión los sindicatos de trabajadores o los patrones que representen las mayorías señaladas en el artículo 406;
II. La solicitud se presentará ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, noventa días naturales antes del vencimiento del contrato-ley, por lo menos;
III. La autoridad que reciba la solicitud, después de verificar el requisito de mayoría, convocará a los sindicatos de trabajadores y a los patrones afectados a una convención, que se regirá por lo dispuesto en el artículo 411; y
IV. Si los sindicatos de trabajadores y los patrones llegan a un convenio que cumpla con lo previsto en el primer párrafo del artículo 414, el titular del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, lo comunicará al titular de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social para su publicación en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o bien al Gobernador de la entidad federativa o al Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México para que lo publiquen en el periódico oficial de la Entidad Federativa, según corresponda. Las reformas surtirán efectos a partir del día de su publicación, salvo que la convención señale una fecha distinta, y
V. Si al concluir el procedimiento de revisión, los sindicatos de trabajadores y los patrones no llegan a un convenio, el contrato-ley se tendrá por prorrogado, para todos los efectos legales a que haya lugar.
Industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley) shall be subject to revision every year with respect to cash wages by daily rate.
The request for this revision shall be made at least sixty calendar days before the completion of one year from the date on which the execution, revision or extension of the industry-wide agreement takes effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 419 Bis
Los contratos-ley serán revisables cada año en lo que se refiere a los salarios en efectivo por cuota diaria.
La solicitud de esta revisión deberá hacerse por lo menos sesenta días naturales antes del cumplimiento de un año transcurrido desde la fecha en que surta efectos la celebración, revisión o prórroga del contrato-ley.
If neither party requested revision, or the right to strike was not exercised, the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall be extended for a period equal to that set for its duration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 420
Si ninguna de las partes solicitó la revisión o no se ejercitó el derecho de huelga, el contrato-ley se prorrogará por un período igual al que se hubiese fijado para su duración.
The industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) shall terminate only by mutual consent of the parties representing the majority referred to in Article 406, after consultation of the workers by personal, free and secret vote.
I. (Repealed.)
II. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 421
El contrato-ley terminará únicamente por mutuo consentimiento de las partes que representen la mayoría a que se refiere el artículo 406, previa consulta mediante voto personal, libre y secreto a los trabajadores.
I. Se deroga.
II. Se deroga.
CAPITULO V / Reglamento interior de trabajo
Internal work regulations are the set of provisions binding on workers and employers in the performance of work in a company or establishment.
Rules of a technical and administrative nature formulated directly by companies for the performance of work are not subject matter of the regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 422
Reglamento interior de trabajo es el conjunto de disposiciones obligatorias para personas trabajadoras y empleadoras en el desarrollo de los trabajos en una empresa o establecimiento.
No son materia del reglamento las normas de orden técnico y administrativo que formulen directamente las empresas para la ejecución de los trabajos.
The regulations shall contain:
I.- Starting and finishing times for workers, time allotted for meals and mandatory rest periods during the working day;
II. Place and time at which the working days must begin and end;
III. Days and hours set for cleaning the establishments, machinery, equipment and work tools;
IV. Days and places of payment;
V.- Rules governing the right of workers to use seats or chairs with backrests during the working day, in accordance with Article 132, section V;
VI. Rules to prevent occupational risks and instructions for providing first aid;
VII. Unhealthy and dangerous work that minors must not perform and the protection that pregnant female workers must have;
VIII.- Time and manner in which workers must undergo pre-employment or periodic medical examinations and the prophylactic measures ordered by the authorities;
IX. Permits and leaves of absence;
X.- Disciplinary provisions and procedures for their application. Suspension from work, as a disciplinary measure, may not exceed eight days. The worker shall have the right to be heard before the sanction is applied, and
XI. The other rules that are necessary and appropriate according to the nature of each company or establishment to achieve the greatest safety and regularity in the performance of the work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 423
El reglamento contendrá:
I.- Horas de entrada y salida de las personas trabajadoras, tiempo destinado para las comidas y períodos obligatorios de reposo durante la jornada;
II. Lugar y momento en que deben comenzar y terminar las jornadas de trabajo;
III. Días y horas fijados para hacer la limpieza de los establecimientos, maquinaria, aparatos y útiles de trabajo;
IV. Días y lugares de pago;
V.- Normas que regulen el derecho de las personas trabajadoras para usar los asientos o sillas con respaldo durante la jornada laboral, de conformidad con lo previsto por el artículo 132, fracción V;
VI. Normas para prevenir los riesgos de trabajo e instrucciones para prestar los primeros auxilios;
VII. Labores insalubres y peligrosas que no deben desempeñar los menores y la protección que deben tener las trabajadoras embarazadas;
VIII.- Tiempo y forma en que las personas trabajadoras deben someterse a los exámenes médicos, previos o periódicos, y a las medidas profilácticas que dicten las autoridades;
IX. Permisos y licencias;
X.- Disposiciones disciplinarias y procedimientos para su aplicación. La suspensión en el trabajo, como medida disciplinaria, no podrá exceder de ocho días. La persona trabajadora tendrá derecho a ser oída antes de que se aplique la sanción, y
XI. Las demás normas necesarias y convenientes de acuerdo con la naturaleza de cada empresa o establecimiento, para conseguir la mayor seguridad y regularidad en el desarrollo del trabajo.
In the drafting of the regulations, the following rules shall be observed:
I. They shall be formulated by a joint commission of representatives of the workers and of the employer;
II. If the parties reach agreement, either of them, within the eight days following their signing, shall deposit them with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL);
III. Provisions contrary to this Law, its regulations, and the collective bargaining agreements and industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley) shall have no legal effect; and
IV. The workers or the employer may at any time request the federal Courts to cure the omissions of the regulations or to review those of their provisions that are contrary to this Law and other labor rules, in accordance with the provisions contained in the special collective procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 424
En la formación del reglamento se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Se formulará por una comisión mixta de representantes de los trabajadores y del patrón;
II. Si las partes se ponen de acuerdo, cualquiera de ellas, dentro de los ocho días siguientes a su firma, lo depositará ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral;
III. No producirán ningún efecto legal las disposiciones contrarias a esta Ley, a sus reglamentos, y a los contratos colectivos y contratos-ley; y
IV. Los trabajadores o el patrón, en cualquier tiempo, podrán solicitar de los Tribunales federales se subsanen las omisiones del reglamento o se revisen sus disposiciones contrarias a esta Ley y demás normas de trabajo, de conformidad con las disposiciones contenidas en el procedimiento especial colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall make public, for consultation by any person, the full text of the internal work regulations deposited with such Registration Authority. It shall also issue copies of such documents under the General Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information.
The full text of the internal work regulations shall be available free of charge on the Internet sites of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 424 Bis
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral hará pública, para consulta de cualquier persona, el texto íntegro de los reglamentos interiores de trabajo que se encuentren depositados ante dicha Autoridad Registral. Asimismo, deberá expedir copias de dichos documentos, en términos de lo dispuesto por la Ley General de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública.
El texto íntegro de los reglamentos interiores de trabajo deberá estar disponible en forma gratuita en los sitios de Internet del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral.
The regulations shall take effect from the date of their deposit. They shall be printed and distributed among the workers and shall be posted in the most visible places of the establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 425
El reglamento surtirá efectos a partir de la fecha de su depósito. Deberá imprimirse y repartirse entre los trabajadores y se fijará en los lugares más visibles del establecimiento.
CAPITULO VI / Modificación colectiva de las condiciones de trabajo
The workers' labor unions or the employers may request the Courts to modify the working conditions contained in the collective bargaining agreements or in the industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley):
I. When there are economic circumstances that justify it; and
II. When the increase in the cost of living causes an imbalance between capital and labor.
The request shall conform to Articles 398 and 419, section I, and shall be processed in accordance with the provisions for collective disputes of an economic nature.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 426
Los sindicatos de trabajadores o los patrones podrán solicitar de los Tribunales la modificación de las condiciones de trabajo contenidas en los contratos colectivos o en los contratos-ley:
I. Cuando existan circunstancias económicas que la justifiquen; y
II. Cuando el aumento del costo de la vida origine un desequilibrio entre el capital y el trabajo.
La solicitud se ajustará a lo dispuesto en los artículos 398 y 419, fracción I, y se tramitará de conformidad con las disposiciones para conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica.
CAPITULO VII / Suspensión colectiva de las relaciones de trabajo
The following are causes for temporary suspension of the employment relationships in a company or establishment:
I. Force majeure or an act of God not attributable to the employer, or the employer's physical or mental incapacity or death, which has as its necessary, immediate and direct consequence the suspension of work;
II. Lack of raw material not attributable to the employer;
III. Excess production in relation to the employer's economic conditions and market circumstances;
IV. Temporary, notorious and manifest unprofitability of the operation;
V. Lack of funds and the impossibility of obtaining them for the normal continuation of work, if fully proven by the employer; and
VI. Failure by the State to deliver the amounts it has undertaken to deliver to the companies with which it has contracted works or services, provided that such amounts are indispensable; and
VII. The suspension of work or operations declared by the competent health authority in cases of a health emergency.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 427
Son causas de suspensión temporal de las relaciones de trabajo en una empresa o establecimiento:
I. La fuerza mayor o el caso fortuito no imputable al patrón, o su incapacidad física o mental o su muerte, que produzca como consecuencia necesaria, inmediata y directa, la suspensión de los trabajos;
II. La falta de materia prima, no imputable al patrón;
III. El exceso de producción con relación a sus condiciones económicas y a las circunstancias del mercado;
IV. La incosteabilidad, de naturaleza temporal, notoria y manifiesta de la explotación;
V. La falta de fondos y la imposibilidad de obtenerlos para la prosecución normal de los trabajos, si se comprueba plenamente por el patrón; y
VI. La falta de ministración por parte del Estado de las cantidades que se haya obligado a entregar a las empresas con las que hubiese contratado trabajos o servicios, siempre que aquéllas sean indispensables; y
VII. La suspensión de labores o trabajos, que declare la autoridad sanitaria competente, en los casos de contingencia sanitaria.
The suspension may affect an entire company or establishment or part of them. The seniority roster of the workers shall be taken into account so that those with the least seniority are suspended.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 428
La suspensión puede afectar a toda una empresa o establecimiento o a parte de ellos. Se tomará en cuenta el escalafón de los trabajadores a efecto de que sean suspendidos los de menor antigüedad.
In the cases indicated in Article 427, the following rules shall be observed:
I. In the case of section I, the employer or its representative shall give notice of the suspension to the Court so that the latter, following the procedure set forth in the Special Collective Procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law, may approve or disapprove it;
II. In the case of sections III through V, the employer, prior to the suspension, shall obtain the authorization of the Court in accordance with the provisions for collective disputes of an economic nature;
III. In the case of sections II and VI, the employer, prior to the suspension, shall obtain the authorization of the Court in accordance with the provisions contained in the special collective procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law, and
IV. In the case of section VII, the employer shall not require the approval or authorization of the Court and shall be obligated to pay its workers an indemnity equivalent to one day of the general minimum wage in force for each day the suspension lasts, which may not exceed one month.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 429
En los casos señalados en el artículo 427, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si se trata de la fracción I, el patrón o su representante, dará aviso de la suspensión al Tribunal, para que éste, previo el procedimiento consignado en el Procedimiento Especial Colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley, la apruebe o desapruebe;
II. Si se trata de las fracciones III a V, el patrón, previamente a la suspensión, deberá obtener la autorización del Tribunal, de conformidad con las disposiciones para conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica;
III. Si se trata de las fracciones II y VI, el patrón, previamente a la suspensión, deberá obtener la autorización del Tribunal, de conformidad con las disposiciones contenidas en el procedimiento especial colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley, y
IV. Si se trata de la fracción VII, el patrón no requerirá aprobación o autorización del Tribunal y estará obligado a pagar a sus trabajadores una indemnización equivalente a un día de salario mínimo general vigente, por cada día que dure la suspensión, sin que pueda exceder de un mes.
The Court, with the exception of the cases referred to in section VII of Article 427, upon approving or authorizing the suspension, shall set the indemnity to be paid to the workers, taking into consideration, among other circumstances, the probable duration of the suspension of work and the possibility of their finding new employment, which may not exceed the amount of one month's wages.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 430
El Tribunal, con excepción de los casos a que se refiere la fracción VII del artículo 427, al sancionar o autorizar la suspensión, fijará la indemnización que deba pagarse a los trabajadores, tomando en consideración, entre otras circunstancias, el tiempo probable de suspensión de los trabajos y la posibilidad de que encuentren nueva ocupación, sin que pueda exceder del importe de un mes de salario.
The labor union and the workers may request the Court every six months to verify whether the causes that gave rise to the suspension still exist. If the Court decides that they no longer exist, it shall set a term not exceeding thirty days for the resumption of work. If the employer does not resume it, the workers shall be entitled to the indemnity indicated in Article 50.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 431
El sindicato y los trabajadores podrán solicitar cada seis meses del Tribunal que verifique si subsisten las causas que originaron la suspensión. Sí el Tribunal resuelve que no subsisten, fijará un término no mayor de treinta días, para la reanudación de los trabajos. Si el patrón no los reanuda, los trabajadores tendrán derecho a la indemnización señalada en el artículo 50.
The employer shall announce the date of resumption of work in a timely manner. It shall notify the labor union and shall call, by the means that are appropriate in the judgment of the Court, the workers who were providing their services in the company when the suspension was ordered, and shall be obligated to reinstate them in the positions they previously held, provided they report within the term set by the employer itself, which may not be less than thirty days counted from the date of the last call.
If the employer does not fulfill the obligations set forth in the preceding paragraph, the workers may bring the actions referred to in Article 48.
The provisions of this article shall not apply in the case referred to in section VII of Article 427. In that case, the workers shall be obligated to resume their work as soon as the emergency ends.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 432
El patrón deberá anunciar con toda oportunidad la fecha de reanudación de los trabajos. Dará aviso al sindicato, y llamará por los medios que sean adecuados, a juicio del Tribunal, a los trabajadores que prestaban sus servicios en la empresa cuando la suspensión fue decretada, y estará obligado a reponerlos en los puestos que ocupaban con anterioridad, siempre que se presenten dentro del plazo que fije el mismo patrón, que no podrá ser menor de treinta días, contado desde la fecha del último llamamiento.
Si el patrón no cumple las obligaciones consignadas en el párrafo anterior, los trabajadores podrán ejercitar las acciones a que se refiere el artículo 48.
Lo establecido en el presente artículo no será aplicable en el caso a que se refiere la fracción VII del artículo 427. En este supuesto, los trabajadores estarán obligados a reanudar sus labores tan pronto concluya la contingencia.
CAPITULO VIII / Terminación colectiva de las relaciones de trabajo
The termination of employment relationships as a consequence of the closure of companies or establishments or of the permanent reduction of their work shall be subject to the provisions of the following articles.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 433
La terminación de las relaciones de trabajo como consecuencia del cierre de las empresas o establecimientos o de la reducción definitiva de sus trabajos, se sujetará a las disposiciones de los artículos siguientes.
The following are causes for termination of employment relationships:
I. Force majeure or an act of God not attributable to the employer, or the employer's physical or mental incapacity or death, which has as its necessary, immediate and direct consequence the termination of work;
II. Notorious and manifest unprofitability of the operation;
III. Exhaustion of the material that is the object of an extractive industry;
IV. The cases of Article 38; and
V. Legally declared insolvency or bankruptcy, if the competent authority or the creditors resolve on the permanent closure of the company or the permanent reduction of its work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 434
Son causas de terminación de las relaciones de trabajo:
I. La fuerza mayor o el caso fortuito no imputable al patrón, o su incapacidad física o mental o su muerte, que produzca como consecuencia necesaria, inmediata y directa, la terminación de los trabajos;
II. La incosteabilidad notoria y manifiesta de la explotación;
III. El agotamiento de la materia objeto de una industria extractiva;
IV. Los casos del artículo 38; y
V. El concurso o la quiebra legalmente declarado, si la autoridad competente o los acreedores resuelven el cierre definitivo de la empresa o la reducción definitiva de sus trabajos.
In the cases indicated in the preceding article, the following rules shall be observed:
I. In the case of sections I and V, notice of the termination shall be given to the Court so that the latter, following the special collective procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law, may approve or disapprove it;
II. In the case of section III, the employer, prior to the termination, shall obtain the authorization of the Court in accordance with the provisions contained in the special collective procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law, and
III. In the case of section II, the employer, prior to the termination, shall obtain the authorization of the Court in accordance with the provisions for collective disputes of an economic nature.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 435
En los casos señalados en el artículo anterior, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si se trata de las fracciones I y V, se dará aviso de la terminación al Tribunal, para que éste, previo el procedimiento especial colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley, la apruebe o desapruebe;
II. Si se trata de la fracción III, el patrón, previamente a la terminación, deberá obtener la autorización del Tribunal, de conformidad con las disposiciones contenidas en el procedimiento especial colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley, y
III. Si se trata de la fracción II, el patrón, previamente a la terminación, deberá obtener la autorización del Tribunal, de conformidad con las disposiciones para conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica.
In the cases of termination of work indicated in Article 434, except for that of section IV, the workers shall be entitled to an indemnity of three months' wages and to receive the seniority premium referred to in Article 162.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 436
En los casos de terminación de los trabajos señalados en el artículo 434, salvo el de la fracción IV, los trabajadores tendrán derecho a una indemnización de tres meses de salario, y a recibir la prima de antigüedad a que se refiere el artículo 162.
In the case of a reduction of work in a company or establishment, the seniority roster of the workers shall be taken into consideration so that those with the least seniority are the ones laid off.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 437
Cuando se trate de reducción de los trabajos en una empresa o establecimiento, se tomará en consideración el escalafón de los trabajadores, a efecto de que sean reajustados los de menor antigüedad.
If the employer resumes the activities of its company or creates a similar one, it shall have the obligations indicated in Article 154.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply in the event that work is resumed at a company declared insolvent or bankrupt.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 438
Si el patrón reanuda las actividades de su empresa o crea una semejante, tendrá las obligaciones señaladas en el artículo 154.
Lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior es aplicable, en el caso de que se reanuden los trabajos de la empresa declarada en estado de concurso o quiebra.
In the case of the introduction of new machinery or work procedures resulting in a reduction of personnel, in the absence of an agreement, the employer shall obtain the authorization of the Court in accordance with the special collective procedure established in Article 897 et seq. of this Law. The workers laid off shall be entitled to an indemnity of four months' wages, plus twenty days for each year of service rendered, or the amount stipulated in the employment contracts if greater, and to the seniority premium referred to in Article 162.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 439
Cuando se trate de la implantación de maquinaria o de procedimientos de trabajo nuevos, que traiga como consecuencia la reducción de personal, a falta de convenio, el patrón deberá obtener la autorización del Tribunal, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el procedimiento especial colectivo establecido en el artículo 897 y subsecuentes de esta Ley. Los trabajadores reajustados tendrán derecho a una indemnización de cuatro meses de salario, más veinte días por cada año de servicios prestados o la cantidad estipulada en los contratos de trabajo si fuese mayor y a la prima de antigüedad a que se refiere el artículo 162.
TITULO OCTAVO / Huelgas / CAPITULO I / Disposiciones generales
A strike is the temporary suspension of work carried out by a coalition of workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 440
Huelga es la suspensión temporal del trabajo llevada a cabo por una coalición de trabajadores.
For the purposes of this Title, workers' labor unions are permanent coalitions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 441
Para los efectos de este Título, los sindicatos de trabajadores son coaliciones permanentes.
A strike may cover a company or one or more of its establishments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 442
La huelga puede abarcar a una empresa o a uno o varios de sus establecimientos.
A strike must be limited to the mere act of suspending work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 443
La huelga debe limitarse al mero acto de la suspensión del trabajo.
A legally existing strike is one that meets the requirements and pursues the objectives indicated in Article 450.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 444
Huelga legalmente existente es la que satisface los requisitos y persigue los objetivos señalados en el artículo 450.
A strike is unlawful:
I. When the majority of the strikers commit violent acts against persons or property; and
II. In the event of war, when the workers belong to establishments or services that depend on the Government.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 445
La huelga es ilícita:
I. Cuando la mayoría de los huelguistas ejecuten actos violentos contra las personas o las propiedades; y
II. En caso de guerra, cuando los trabajadores pertenezcan a establecimientos o servicios que dependan del Gobierno.
A justified strike is one whose grounds are attributable to the employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 446
Huelga justificada es aquella cuyos motivos son imputables al patrón.
A strike is a legal cause for suspension of the effects of the employment relationships for as long as it lasts.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 447
La huelga es causa legal de suspensión de los efectos de las relaciones de trabajo por todo el tiempo que dure.
The exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective disputes of an economic nature pending before the Court, and of the requests that are filed, unless the workers submit the dispute to the decision of the Court.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply when the purpose of the strike is that indicated in Article 450, section VI.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 448
El ejercicio del derecho de huelga suspende la tramitación de los conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica pendientes ante el Tribunal, y la de las solicitudes que se presenten, salvo que los trabajadores sometan el conflicto a la decisión del Tribunal.
No es aplicable lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior cuando la huelga tenga por objeto el señalado en el artículo 450, fracción VI.
The Court and the corresponding civil authorities shall enforce respect for the right to strike, giving the workers the necessary guarantees and providing them with the assistance they request to suspend work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 449
El Tribunal y las autoridades civiles correspondientes deberán hacer respetar el derecho de huelga, dando a los trabajadores las garantías necesarias y prestándoles el auxilio que soliciten para suspender el trabajo.
CAPITULO II / Objetivos y procedimientos de huelga
The purpose of a strike shall be:
I. To achieve balance among the various factors of production, harmonizing the rights of labor with those of capital;
II. To obtain from the employer or employers the execution of the collective bargaining agreement and to demand its revision at the end of its term, in accordance with Chapter III of Title Seven;
III. To obtain from the employers the execution of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) and to demand its revision at the end of its term, in accordance with Chapter IV of Title Seven;
IV. To demand compliance with the collective bargaining agreement or the industry-wide agreement in the companies or establishments in which it has been violated;
V. To demand compliance with the legal provisions on profit sharing;
VI. To support a strike whose purpose is any of those listed in the preceding sections; and
VII. To demand the revision of the contractual wages referred to in Articles 399 bis and 419 bis.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 450
La huelga deberá tener por objeto:
I. Conseguir el equilibrio entre los diversos factores de la producción, armonizando los derechos del trabajo con los del capital;
II. Obtener del patrón o patrones la celebración del contrato colectivo de trabajo y exigir su revisión al terminar el período de su vigencia, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el Capítulo III del Título Séptimo;
III. Obtener de los patrones la celebración del contrato-ley y exigir su revisión al terminar el período de su vigencia, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el Capítulo IV del Título Séptimo;
IV. Exigir el cumplimiento del contrato colectivo de trabajo o del contrato-ley en las empresas o establecimientos en que hubiese sido violado;
V. Exigir el cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales sobre participación de utilidades;
VI. Apoyar una huelga que tenga por objeto alguno de los enumerados en las fracciones anteriores; y
VII. Exigir la revisión de los salarios contractuales a que se refieren los artículo 399 bis y 419 bis.
In order to suspend work, the following are required:
I. That the purpose of the strike be one or more of those indicated in the preceding article;
II. That the suspension be carried out by the majority of the workers of the company or establishment. The determination of the majority referred to in this section may be raised only as a ground for requesting a declaration that the strike is nonexistent, in accordance with Article 930, and in no case as a preliminary question prior to the suspension of work, and
III. That the requirements indicated in Article 920 of this Law be previously met.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 451
Para suspender los trabajos se requiere:
I. Que la huelga tenga por objeto alguno o algunos de los que señala el artículo anterior;
II. Que la suspensión se realice por la mayoría de los trabajadores de la empresa o establecimiento. La determinación de la mayoría a que se refiere esta fracción, sólo podrá promoverse como causa para solicitar la declaración de inexistencia de la huelga, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 930, y en ningún caso como cuestión previa a la suspensión de los trabajos, y
III. Que se cumplan previamente los requisitos señalados en el artículo 920 de esta Ley.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 452
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 453
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 454
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 455
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 456
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 457
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 458
(Se deroga).
A strike is legally nonexistent if:
I. The suspension of work is carried out by a number of workers smaller than that set in Article 451, section II;
II. Its purpose has not been any of those established in Article 450; and
III. The requirements indicated in Article 920 were not met.
A strike may not be declared nonexistent on grounds other than those indicated in the preceding sections.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 459
La huelga es legalmente inexistente si:
I. La suspensión del trabajo se realiza por un número de trabajadores menor al fijado en el artículo 451, fracción II;
II. No ha tenido por objeto alguno de los establecidos en el artículo 450; y
III. No se cumplieron los requisitos señalados en el artículo 920.
No podrá declararse la inexistencia de una huelga por causas distintas a las señaladas en las fracciones anteriores.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 460
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 461
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 462
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 463
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 464
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 465
(Se deroga).
Striking workers shall continue to provide the following services:
I. Ships, aircraft, trains, buses and other transport vehicles that are en route shall be taken to their point of destination; and
II. In hospitals, sanatoriums, clinics and other similar establishments, care of the patients admitted at the time work is suspended shall continue until they can be transferred to another establishment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 466
Los trabajadores huelguistas deberán continuar prestando los siguientes servicios:
I. Los buques, aeronaves, trenes, autobuses y demás vehículos de transporte que se encuentren en ruta, deberán conducirse a su punto de destino; y
II. En los hospitales, sanatorios, clínicas y demás establecimientos análogos, continuará la atención de los pacientes recluidos al momento de suspenderse el trabajo, hasta que puedan ser trasladados a otro establecimiento.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 467
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 468
(Se deroga).
The strike shall end:
I. By agreement between the striking workers and the employers;
II. If the employer, at any time, accepts the demands contained in the strike notice and pays the wages the workers have ceased to receive;
III. By arbitral award of the person or commission freely chosen by the parties; and
IV. By judgment of the Court if the workers or employers submit the dispute to its decision, under Article 937 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 469
La huelga terminará:
I. Por acuerdo entre los trabajadores huelguistas y los patrones;
II. Si el patrón se allana, en cualquier tiempo, a las peticiones contenidas en el escrito de emplazamiento de huelga y cubre los salarios que hubiesen dejado de percibir los trabajadores;
III. Por laudo arbitral de la persona o comisión que libremente elijan las partes; y
IV. Por sentencia del Tribunal si los trabajadores o patrones someten el conflicto a su decisión, en términos de lo previsto en el artículo 937 de esta Ley.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 470
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 471
(Se deroga).
TITULO NOVENO / Riesgos de Trabajo
The provisions of this Title apply to all employment relationships, including special work, with the limitation set forth in Article 352.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 472
Las disposiciones de este Título se aplican a todas las relaciones de trabajo, incluidos los trabajos especiales, con la limitación consignada en el artículo 352.
Occupational risks are the accidents and illnesses to which workers are exposed in the course of or by reason of their work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 473
Riesgos de trabajos son los accidentes y enfermedades a que están expuestos los trabajadores en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo.
A work accident is any organic injury or functional disturbance, immediate or subsequent, death, or disappearance resulting from a criminal act, occurring suddenly in the course of or by reason of work, whatever the place and time at which the work is performed.
Accidents occurring while the worker travels directly from his or her home to the workplace and from the latter to the former are included in the foregoing definition.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 474
Accidente de trabajo es toda lesión orgánica o perturbación funcional, inmediata o posterior, la muerte o la desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial, producida repentinamente en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo, cualesquiera que sean el lugar y el tiempo en que se preste.
Quedan incluidos en la definición anterior los accidentes que se produzcan al trasladarse el trabajador directamente de su domicilio al lugar del trabajo y de éste a aquél.
An occupational illness is any pathological condition derived from the continued action of a cause originating in or arising from work or the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide his or her services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 475
Enfermedad de trabajo es todo estado patológico derivado de la acción continuada de una causa que tenga su origen o motivo en el trabajo o en el medio en que el trabajador se vea obligado a prestar sus servicios.
The employer is responsible for safety and hygiene and for the prevention of occupational risks, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, its regulations and the applicable Official Mexican Standards (NOM).
Workers are obligated to observe the preventive safety and hygiene measures established by the regulations and the Official Mexican Standards issued by the competent authorities, as well as those indicated by employers for the prevention of occupational risks.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 475 Bis
El patrón es responsable de la seguridad e higiene y de la prevención de los riesgos en el trabajo, conforme a las disposiciones de esta Ley, sus reglamentos y las normas oficiales mexicanas aplicables.
Es obligación de los trabajadores observar las medidas preventivas de seguridad e higiene que establecen los reglamentos y las normas oficiales mexicanas expedidas por las autoridades competentes, así como las que indiquen los patrones para la prevención de riesgos de trabajo.
Occupational illnesses shall be those determined by this Law and the update made by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 476
Serán consideradas enfermedades de trabajo las que determine esta Ley y la actualización que realice la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
When risks materialize they may result in:
I. Temporary disability;
II. Permanent partial disability;
III. Permanent total disability;
IV. Death, and
V. Disappearance resulting from a criminal act.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 477
Cuando los riesgos se realizan pueden producir:
I. Incapacidad temporal;
II. Incapacidad permanente parcial;
III. Incapacidad permanente total;
IV. La muerte, y
V. Desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial.
Temporary disability is the loss of faculties or abilities that partially or totally prevents a person from performing his or her work for some time.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 478
Incapacidad temporal es la pérdida de facultades o aptitudes que imposibilita parcial o totalmente a una persona para desempeñar su trabajo por algún tiempo.
Permanent partial disability is the reduction of a person's faculties or abilities to work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 479
Incapacidad permanente parcial es la disminución de las facultades o aptitudes de una persona para trabajar.
Permanent total disability is the loss of a person's faculties or abilities that prevents him or her from performing any work for the rest of his or her life.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 480
Incapacidad permanente total es la pérdida de facultades o aptitudes de una persona que la imposibilita para desempeñar cualquier trabajo por el resto de su vida.
The existence of prior conditions such as idiosyncrasies, defects, dyscrasias, intoxications or chronic illnesses is not a ground for reducing the degree of disability or the benefits owed to the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 481
La existencia de estados anteriores tales como idiosincrasias, taras, discrasias, intoxicaciones, o enfermedades crónicas, no es causa para disminuir el grado de la incapacidad, ni las prestaciones que correspondan al trabajador.
The subsequent consequences of occupational risks shall be taken into consideration in determining the degree of disability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 482
Las consecuencias posteriores de los riesgos de trabajo se tomarán en consideración para determinar el grado de la incapacidad.
Indemnities for occupational risks that cause disabilities shall be paid directly to the worker.
In cases of mental incapacity proven before the Court, the indemnity shall be paid to the person or persons, among those indicated in Article 501, in whose care the worker remains; in cases of death of the worker, the provisions of Article 115 shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 483
Las indemnizaciones por riesgos de trabajo que produzcan incapacidades, se pagarán directamente al trabajador.
En los casos de incapacidad mental, comprobados ante el Tribunal, la indemnización se pagará a la persona o personas, de las señaladas en el artículo 501, a cuyo cuidado quede; en los casos de muerte del trabajador, se observará lo dispuesto en el artículo 115.
To determine the indemnities referred to in this Title, the basis shall be the daily wage received by the worker when the risk occurred and the subsequent increases corresponding to the job he or she held, until the degree of disability is determined, the wage on the date death occurs, or the wage received at the time of separation from the company.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 484
Para determinar las indemnizaciones a que se refiere este Título, se tomará como base el salario diario que perciba el trabajador al ocurrir el riesgo y los aumentos posteriores que correspondan al empleo que desempeñaba, hasta que se determine el grado de la incapacidad, el de la fecha en que se produzca la muerte o el que percibía al momento de su separación de la empresa.
The amount taken as the basis for the payment of indemnities may not be lower than the minimum wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 485
La cantidad que se tome como base para el pago de las indemnizaciones no podrá ser inferior al salario mínimo.
To determine the indemnities referred to in this title, if the wage received by the worker exceeds twice the minimum wage of the geographic area of application corresponding to the place where the work is performed, that amount shall be considered the maximum wage. If the work is performed in places in different geographic areas of application, the maximum wage shall be twice the average of the respective minimum wages.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 486
Para determinar las indemnizaciones a que se refiere este título, si el salario que percibe el trabajador excede del doble del salario mínimo del área geográfica de aplicación a que corresponda el lugar de prestación del trabajo, se considerará esa cantidad como salario máximo. Si el trabajo se presta en lugares de diferentes áreas geográficas de aplicación, el salario máximo será el doble del promedio de los salarios mínimos respectivos.
Workers who suffer an occupational risk shall be entitled to:
I. Medical and surgical care;
II. Rehabilitation;
III. Hospitalization, when the case so requires;
IV. Medicines and healing materials;
V. The necessary prosthetic and orthopedic devices; and
VI. The indemnity set forth in this Title.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 487
Los trabajadores que sufran un riesgo de trabajo tendrán derecho a:
I. Asistencia médica y quirúrgica;
II. Rehabilitación;
III. Hospitalización, cuando el caso lo requiera;
IV. Medicamentos y material de curación;
V. Los aparatos de prótesis y ortopedia necesarios; y
VI. La indemnización fijada en el presente Título.
The employer is exempted from the obligations set forth in the preceding article in the following cases and with the following modalities:
I. If the accident occurs while the worker is intoxicated;
II. If the accident occurs while the worker is under the influence of a narcotic or enervating drug, unless there is a medical prescription and the worker has informed the employer of this fact and presented the prescription signed by the physician;
III. If the worker intentionally causes an injury to himself or herself, alone or in agreement with another person; and
IV. If the disability is the result of a fight or a suicide attempt.
The employer is in any case obligated to provide first aid and to arrange for the transfer of the worker to his or her home or to a medical center.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 488
El patrón queda exceptuado de las obligaciones que determina el artículo anterior, en los casos y con las modalidades siguientes:
I. Si el accidente ocurre encontrándose el trabajador en estado de embriaguez;
II. Si el accidente ocurre encontrándose el trabajador bajo la acción de algún narcótico o droga enervante, salvo que exista prescripción médica y que el trabajador hubiese puesto el hecho en conocimiento del patrón y le hubiese presentado la prescripción suscrita por el médico;
III. Si el trabajador se ocasiona intencionalmente una lesión por sí solo o de acuerdo con otra persona; y
IV. Si la incapacidad es el resultado de alguna riña o intento de suicidio.
El patrón queda en todo caso obligado a prestar los primeros auxilios y a cuidar del traslado del trabajador a su domicilio o a un centro médico.
The employer is not released from liability by the fact:
I. That the worker explicitly or implicitly assumed the occupational risks;
II. That the accident occurs through the clumsiness or negligence of the worker; and
III. That the accident is caused by the recklessness or negligence of a coworker or of a third party.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 489
No libera al patrón de responsabilidad:
I. Que el trabajador explícita o implícitamente hubiese asumido los riesgos de trabajo;
II. Que el accidente ocurra por torpeza o negligencia del trabajador; y
III. Que el accidente sea causado por imprudencia o negligencia de algún compañero de trabajo o de una tercera persona.
In cases of inexcusable fault of the employer, the indemnity may be increased by up to twenty-five percent, in the judgment of the Court. There is inexcusable fault of the employer:
I. If it does not comply with the legal and regulatory provisions and those contained in the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on safety, health and the work environment;
II. If, previous accidents having occurred, it does not adopt adequate measures to prevent their repetition;
III. If it does not adopt the preventive measures recommended by the commissions created by the workers and the employers, or by the Labor authorities;
IV. If the workers point out to the employer the danger they are facing and the employer does not adopt adequate measures to prevent it; and
V. If similar circumstances of the same seriousness as those mentioned in the preceding sections are present.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 490
En los casos de falta inexcusable del patrón, la indemnización podrá aumentarse hasta en un veinticinco por ciento, a juicio del Tribunal. Hay falta inexcusable del patrón:
I. Si no cumple las disposiciones legales, reglamentarias y las contenidas en las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo;
II. Si habiéndose realizado accidentes anteriores, no adopta las medidas adecuadas para evitar su repetición;
III. Si no adopta las medidas preventivas recomendadas por las comisiones creadas por los trabajadores y los patrones, o por las autoridades del Trabajo;
IV. Si los trabajadores hacen notar al patrón el peligro que corren y éste no adopta las medidas adecuadas para evitarlo; y
V. Si concurren circunstancias análogas, de la misma gravedad a las mencionadas en las fracciones anteriores.
If the risk causes temporary disability to the worker, the indemnity shall consist of payment in full of the wages the worker ceases to receive while the inability to work continues. This payment shall be made from the first day of the disability.
If, three months after a disability begins, the worker is not fit to return to work, the worker or the employer may request, in view of the respective medical certificates, the expert opinions rendered and the relevant evidence, a decision as to whether the worker should continue to undergo the same medical treatment and receive the same indemnity, or whether the worker's permanent disability should be declared with the indemnity to which he or she is entitled. These examinations may be repeated every three months. The worker shall receive his or her wages until the permanent disability is declared and the indemnity to which he or she is entitled is determined.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 491
Si el riesgo produce al trabajador una incapacidad temporal, la indemnización consistirá en el pago íntegro del salario que deje de percibir mientras subsista la imposibilidad de trabajar. Este pago se hará desde el primer día de la incapacidad.
Si a los tres meses de iniciada una incapacidad no está el trabajador en aptitud de volver al trabajo, él mismo o el patrón podrá pedir, en vista de los certificados médicos respectivos, de los dictámenes que se rindan y de las pruebas conducentes, se resuelva si debe seguir sometido al mismo tratamiento médico y gozar de igual indemnización o procede declarar su incapacidad permanente con la indemnización a que tenga derecho. Estos exámenes podrán repetirse cada tres meses. El trabajador percibirá su salario hasta que se declare su incapacidad permanente y se determine la indemnización a que tenga derecho.
If the risk causes permanent partial disability to the worker, the indemnity shall consist of payment of the percentage set by the disability assessment table, calculated on the amount that would have to be paid if the disability had been total permanent. The corresponding percentage between the established maximum and minimum shall be taken, considering the age of the worker, the importance of the disability and the greater or lesser ability to engage in remunerated activities similar to the worker's profession or trade. Consideration shall also be given to whether the employer has concerned itself with the professional retraining of the worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 492
Si el riesgo produce al trabajador una incapacidad permanente parcial, la indemnización consistirá en el pago del tanto por ciento que fija la tabla de valuación de incapacidades, calculado sobre el importe que debería pagarse si la incapacidad hubiese sido permanente total. Se tomará el tanto por ciento que corresponda entre el máximo y el mínimo establecidos, tomando en consideración la edad del trabajador, la importancia de la incapacidad y la mayor o menor aptitud para ejercer actividades remuneradas, semejantes a su profesión u oficio. Se tomará asimismo en consideración si el patrón se ha preocupado por la reeducación profesional del trabajador.
If the partial disability consists of the absolute loss of the worker's faculties or abilities to practice his or her profession, the Court may increase the indemnity up to the amount that would correspond to permanent total disability, taking into consideration the importance of the profession and the possibility of practicing one of a similar category capable of producing similar income.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 493
Si la incapacidad parcial consiste en la pérdida absoluta de las facultades o aptitudes del trabajador para desempeñar su profesión, el Tribunal podrá aumentar la indemnización hasta el monto de la que correspondería por incapacidad permanente total, tomando en consideración la importancia de la profesión y la posibilidad de desempeñar una de categoría similar, susceptible de producirle ingresos semejantes.
The employer shall not be obligated to pay an amount greater than that corresponding to permanent total disability, even if more than two disabilities are combined.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 494
El patrón no estará obligado a pagar una cantidad mayor de la que corresponda a la incapacidad permanente total aunque se reúnan más de dos incapacidades.
If the risk causes permanent total disability to the worker, the indemnity shall consist of an amount equivalent to one thousand ninety-five days' wages.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 495
Si el riesgo produce al trabajador una incapacidad permanente total, la indemnización consistirá en una cantidad equivalente al importe de mil noventa y cinco días de salario.
The indemnities the worker is to receive in cases of permanent partial or total disability shall be paid in full, without deduction of the wages received during the period of temporary disability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 496
Las indemnizaciones que debe percibir el trabajador en los casos de incapacidad permanente parcial o total, le serán pagadas íntegras, sin que se haga deducción de los salarios que percibió durante el período de incapacidad temporal.
Within the two years following the year in which the degree of disability was set, the worker or the employer may request revision of the degree if a subsequent aggravation or improvement is proven.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 497
Dentro de los dos años siguientes al en que se hubiese fijado el grado de incapacidad, podrá el trabajador o el patrón solicitar la revisión del grado, si se comprueba una agravación o una atenuación posterior.
The employer is obligated to reinstate in employment the worker who suffered an occupational risk, if able to work, provided the worker reports within the year following the date on which his or her disability was determined.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the worker received the indemnity for permanent total disability.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 498
El patrón está obligado a reponer en su empleo al trabajador que sufrió un riesgo de trabajo, si está capacitado, siempre que se presente dentro del año siguiente a la fecha en que se determinó su incapacidad.
No es aplicable lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior si el trabajador recibió la indemnización por incapacidad permanente total.
If a worker who has suffered a risk cannot perform his or her work but can perform some other work, the employer shall be obligated to provide it, in accordance with the provisions of the collective bargaining agreement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 499
Si un trabajador víctima de un riesgo no puede desempeñar su trabajo, pero sí algún otro, el patrón estará obligado a proporcionárselo, de conformidad con las disposiciones del contrato colectivo de trabajo.
When the risk results in the death or the disappearance of the worker resulting from a criminal act, the indemnity shall include:
I. Two months' wages for funeral expenses; and
II. Payment of the amount set by Article 502.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 500
Cuando el riesgo traiga como consecuencia la muerte o la desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial del trabajador, la indemnización comprenderá:
I. Dos meses de salario por concepto de gastos funerarios; y
II. El pago de la cantidad que fija el artículo 502.
The following shall be entitled to receive indemnity in cases of death or disappearance resulting from a criminal act:
I. The widow or widower, the children under eighteen years of age and those over this age if they have a disability of fifty percent or more, as well as the children up to twenty-five years of age who are studying at an institution of the national education system; in no case shall an investigation of economic dependence be carried out, since these claimants have the presumption of economic dependence in their favor;
II. The ascendants shall share with the persons mentioned in the preceding section without the need for an economic investigation, unless it is proven that they were not economically dependent on the worker;
III. In the absence of a surviving spouse, the person with whom the worker lived as if he or she were the worker's spouse during the five years immediately preceding the worker's death, or with whom the worker had children, shall share with the persons indicated in the two preceding sections without the need for an economic investigation, provided both remained unmarried during the cohabitation;
IV. The persons who were economically dependent on the worker shall share with those contemplated in any of the cases of the preceding sections, and shall prove the economic dependence, and
V. In the absence of the persons mentioned in the preceding sections, the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 501
Tendrán derecho a recibir indemnización en los casos de muerte o desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial:
I. La viuda o el viudo, los hijos menores de dieciocho años y los mayores de esta edad si tienen una incapacidad de cincuenta por ciento o más, así como los hijos de hasta veinticinco años que se encuentran estudiando en algún plantel del sistema educativo nacional; en ningún caso se efectuará la investigación de dependencia económica, dado que estos reclamantes tienen la presunción a su favor de la dependencia económica;
II. Los ascendientes concurrirán con las personas mencionadas en la fracción anterior sin necesidad de realizar investigación económica, a menos que se pruebe que no dependían económicamente del trabajador;
III. A falta de cónyuge supérstite, concurrirá con las personas señaladas en las dos fracciones anteriores, la persona con quien el trabajador vivió como si fuera su cónyuge durante los cinco años que precedieron inmediatamente a su muerte, o con la que tuvo hijos, sin necesidad de realizar investigación económica, siempre que ambos hubieran permanecido libres de matrimonio durante el concubinato;
IV. Las personas que dependían económicamente del trabajador concurrirán con quienes estén contemplados en cualquiera de las hipótesis de las fracciones anteriores, debiendo acreditar la dependencia económica, y
V. A falta de las personas mencionadas en las fracciones anteriores, el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
In the event of the death or the disappearance of the worker resulting from a criminal act, the indemnity owed to the persons referred to in the preceding article shall be the amount equivalent to five thousand days' wages, without deducting the indemnity the worker received during the time he or she was under the temporary disability regime.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 502
En caso de muerte o por desaparición derivada de un acto delincuencial del trabajador, la indemnización que corresponda a las personas a que se refiere el artículo anterior será la cantidad equivalente al importe de cinco mil días de salario, sin deducir la indemnización que percibió el trabajador durante el tiempo en que estuvo sometido al régimen de incapacidad temporal.
For the payment of indemnity in cases of death or disappearance resulting from criminal acts due to an occupational risk, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The Labor Inspectorate receiving notice of the death or of the disappearance due to criminal acts, or the Court before which the claim for payment of the indemnity is initiated, shall order, within the following seventy-two hours, an investigation aimed at ascertaining which persons were economically dependent on the worker and shall order that a notice be posted in a visible place of the establishment where the worker provided services, calling on the beneficiaries to appear before the Court hearing the matter, within a term of thirty calendar days, to exercise their rights;
II. If the worker had resided in the place of his or her death, or where the disappearance due to criminal acts occurred, for less than six months, a letter rogatory shall be sent to the Court or to the Labor Inspector of the place of last residence so that the investigation may be carried out and the notice mentioned in the preceding section may be posted;
III. The Court or the Labor Inspector, independently of the notice referred to in section I, may use the means of publicity they deem appropriate to call on the beneficiaries;
IV. The Labor Inspector, upon conclusion of the investigation, shall send the file to the Court;
V. Once the requirements indicated in the preceding sections have been met and the nature of the risk has been proven, the Court shall proceed in accordance with Article 893 of the Law, observing the special procedure;
VI. The Court shall assess the relationship of husband, wife, children and ascendants without being bound by the legal evidence proving marriage or kinship, but it may not fail to recognize what is recorded in the Civil Registry certificates, and
VII. Payment made in compliance with the decision of the Court releases the employer from liability. Persons who come forward to assert their rights after the date on which the payment was made may bring their action only against the beneficiaries who received it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 503
Para el pago de la indemnización en los casos de muerte o desaparición derivada de actos delincuenciales, por riesgo de trabajo, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. La Inspección del Trabajo que reciba el aviso de la muerte o de la desaparición por actos delincuenciales, o el Tribunal ante el que se inicie el reclamo del pago de la indemnización, mandará practicar dentro de las setenta y dos horas siguientes una investigación encaminada a averiguar qué personas dependían económicamente del trabajador y ordenará se fije un aviso en lugar visible del establecimiento donde prestaba sus servicios, convocando a los beneficiarios para que comparezcan ante el Tribunal del conocimiento, dentro de un término de treinta días naturales, a ejercitar sus derechos;
II. Si la residencia del trabajador en el lugar de su muerte o cuando sucedió la desaparición por actos delincuenciales era menor de seis meses, se girará exhorto al Tribunal o al Inspector del Trabajo del lugar de la última residencia, a fin de que se practique la investigación y se fije el aviso mencionado en la fracción anterior;
III. El Tribunal o el Inspector del Trabajo, independientemente del aviso a que se refiere la fracción I, podrán emplear los medios publicitarios que juzguen conveniente para convocar a los beneficiarios;
IV. El Inspector del Trabajo, concluida la investigación, remitirá el expediente al Tribunal;
V. Satisfechos los requisitos señalados en las fracciones que anteceden y comprobada la naturaleza del riesgo, el Tribunal procederá de conformidad con lo establecido en el artículo 893 de la Ley, observando el procedimiento especial;
VI. El Tribunal apreciará la relación de esposo, esposa, hijos y ascendientes, sin sujetarse a las pruebas legales que acrediten el matrimonio o parentesco, pero no podrá dejar de reconocer lo asentado en las actas del Registro Civil, y
VII. El pago hecho en cumplimiento de la resolución del Tribunal libera al patrón de responsabilidad. Las personas que se presenten a deducir sus derechos con posterioridad a la fecha en que se hubiese verificado el pago, sólo podrán deducir su acción en contra de los beneficiarios que lo recibieron.
Employers have the following special obligations:
I. To keep at the workplace the medicines and healing materials necessary for first aid and to train personnel to provide it;
II. When they have more than one hundred workers in their service, to establish an infirmary equipped with the medicines and healing materials necessary for emergency medical and surgical care. It shall be staffed by competent personnel under the direction of a surgeon. If, in the surgeon's judgment, proper medical and surgical care cannot be provided, the worker shall be transferred to the town or hospital where he or she can be treated;
III. When they have more than three hundred workers in their service, to install a hospital with the necessary medical and auxiliary personnel;
IV. With the prior agreement of the workers, employers may enter into contracts with sanatoriums or hospitals located in the place where the establishment is located or at a distance that allows the rapid and comfortable transfer of workers, so that they may provide the services referred to in the two preceding sections;
V. To give written or electronic notice to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), the Labor Inspector and the Court, within the following 72 hours, of accidents that occur, providing the following data and elements:
a) Name and address of the company;
b) Name and address of the worker, as well as his or her position or category and the amount of his or her wages;
c) Place and time of the accident, with a brief statement of the facts;
d) Name and address of the persons who witnessed the accident; and,
e) Place where medical care is being or has been provided to the injured worker.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) shall permanently exchange information regarding the notices of work accidents filed by employers, as well as other statistical data necessary for the exercise of their respective legal powers; and
VI. As soon as the death of a worker due to occupational risks becomes known, to give written notice to the authorities mentioned in the preceding section, providing, in addition to the data and elements indicated in that section, the name and address of the persons who may be entitled to the corresponding indemnity.
VII. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 504
Los patrones tienen las obligaciones especiales siguientes:
I. Mantener en el lugar de trabajo los medicamentos y material de curación necesarios para primeros auxilios y adiestrar personal para que los preste;
II. Cuando tenga a su servicio más de cien trabajadores, establecer una enfermería, dotada con los medicamentos y material de curación necesarios para la atención médica y quirúrgica de urgencia. Estará atendida por personal competente, bajo la dirección de un médico cirujano. Si a juicio de éste no se puede prestar la debida atención médica y quirúrgica, el trabajador será trasladado a la población u hospital en donde pueda atenderse a su curación;
III. Cuando tengan a su servicio más de trescientos trabajadores, instalar un hospital, con el personal médico y auxiliar necesario;
IV. Previo acuerdo con los trabajadores, podrán los patrones celebrar contratos con sanatorios u hospitales ubicados en el lugar en que se encuentre el establecimiento o a una distancia que permita el traslado rápido y cómodo de los trabajadores, para que presten los servicios a que se refieren las dos fracciones anteriores;
V. Dar aviso escrito o por medios electrónicos a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, al Inspector del Trabajo y al Tribunal, dentro de las 72 horas siguientes, de los accidentes que ocurran, proporcionando los siguientes datos y elementos:
a) Nombre y domicilio de la empresa;
b) Nombre y domicilio del trabajador; así como su puesto o categoría y el monto de su salario;
c) Lugar y hora del accidente, con expresión sucinta de los hechos;
d) Nombre y domicilio de las personas que presenciaron el accidente; y,
e) Lugar en que se presta o haya prestado atención médica al accidentado.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social deberán intercambiar información en forma permanente respecto de los avisos de accidentes de trabajo que presenten los patrones, así como otros datos estadísticos que resulten necesarios para el ejercicio de sus respectivas facultades legales; y
VI. Tan pronto se tenga conocimiento de la muerte de un trabajador por riesgos de trabajo, dar aviso escrito a las autoridades que menciona la fracción anterior, proporcionando, además de los datos y elementos que señala dicha fracción, el nombre y domicilio de las personas que pudieran tener derecho a la indemnización correspondiente.
VII. (Se deroga).
Company physicians shall be designated by the employers. The workers may object to the designation, stating the reasons on which they base their objection. If the parties do not reach an agreement, the Court shall decide.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 505
Los médicos de las empresas serán designados por los patrones. Los trabajadores podrán oponerse a la designación, exponiendo las razones en que se funden. En caso de que las partes no lleguen a un acuerdo, resolverá el Tribunal.
Company physicians are obligated:
I. When the risk occurs, to certify whether the worker is fit to resume work;
II. Upon completion of medical care, to certify whether the worker is fit to resume work;
III. To issue an opinion on the degree of disability; and
IV. In the event of death, to issue a death certificate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 506
Los médicos de las empresas están obligados:
I. Al realizarse el riesgo, a certificar si el trabajador queda capacitado para reanudar su trabajo;
II. Al terminar la atención médica, a certificar si el trabajador está capacitado para reanudar su trabajo;
III. A emitir opinión sobre el grado de incapacidad; y
IV. En caso de muerte, a expedir certificado de defunción.
A worker who refuses with just cause to receive the medical and surgical care provided by the employer shall not lose the rights granted by this Title.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 507
El trabajador que rehuse con justa causa recibir la atención médica y quirúrgica que le proporcione el patrón, no perderá los derechos que otorga este Título.
The cause of death due to an occupational risk may be proven with the data resulting from the autopsy, when one is performed, or by any other means that make it possible to determine it.
If an autopsy is performed, the presumed beneficiaries may designate a physician to witness it. They may also designate a physician to perform it, giving notice to the authority.
The employer may designate a physician to witness the autopsy.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 508
La causa de la muerte por riesgo de trabajo podrá comprobarse con los datos que resulten de la autopsia, cuando se practique, o por cualquier otro medio que permita determinarla.
Si se practica la autopsia, los presuntos beneficiarios podrán designar un médico que la presencie. Podrán igualmente designar un médico que la practique, dando aviso a la autoridad.
El patrón podrá designar un médico que presencie la autopsia.
In each company or establishment, the safety and hygiene commissions deemed necessary shall be organized, composed of an equal number of representatives of the workers and of the employer, to investigate the causes of accidents and illnesses, propose measures to prevent them and oversee compliance with such measures.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 509
En cada empresa o establecimiento se organizarán las comisiones de seguridad e higiene que se juzgue necesarias, compuestas por igual número de representantes de los trabajadores y del patrón, para investigar las causas de los accidentes y enfermedades, proponer medidas para prevenirlos y vigilar que se cumplan.
The commissions referred to in the preceding article shall be served on free of charge during working hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 510
Las comisiones a que se refiere el artículo anterior, serán desempeñadas gratuitamente dentro de las horas de trabajo.
Labor Inspectors have the following special powers and duties:
I. To oversee compliance with the legal and regulatory rules on the prevention of occupational risks and the safety of the life and health of workers;
II. To record in special records the violations they discover; and
III. To collaborate with the workers and the employer in disseminating the rules on risk prevention, hygiene and health.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 511
Los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen las atribuciones y deberes especiales siguientes:
I. Vigilar el cumplimiento de las normas legales y reglamentarias sobre prevención de los riesgos de trabajo y seguridad de la vida y salud de los trabajadores;
II. Hacer constar en actas especiales las violaciones que descubran; y
III. Colaborar con los trabajadores y el patrón en la difusión de las normas sobre prevención de riesgos, higiene y salubridad.
The regulations of this Law and the instructions issued by the labor authorities on the basis thereof shall set forth the measures necessary to prevent occupational risks and to ensure that work is performed under conditions that safeguard the life and health of workers.
In cases where there is a high risk involving loss of life or seriously compromising the health of the worker, considering above all the nature of the work, the regulatory or normative provisions shall take into account the use of innovative technology and work tools that contribute to safety tasks in the workplaces.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512
En los reglamentos de esta Ley y en los instructivos que las autoridades laborales expidan con base en ellos, se fijarán las medidas necesarias para prevenir los riesgos de trabajo y lograr que éste se preste en condiciones que aseguren la vida y la salud de los trabajadores.
En los casos en los que existe un alto riesgo que implique la pérdida de la vida o se comprometa seriamente la salud del trabajador, considerando, sobre todo la naturaleza del trabajo, las disposiciones reglamentarias o normativas considerarán el uso de la tecnología y de las herramientas de trabajo que sean innovadoras y que coadyuven a las labores de seguridad en los centros de trabajo.
In order to contribute to the design of national policy on occupational safety, health and the work environment, to propose amendments and additions to the regulations and to the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on the matter, and to study and recommend preventive measures to reduce risks in workplaces, the National Advisory Commission on Occupational Safety and Health shall be organized.
Such commission shall be composed of representatives of the Ministries of Labor and Social Welfare; Health; the Interior; and Environment and Natural Resources; of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS); as well as those designated by the national workers' and employers' organizations called by the head of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), who shall serve as Chair of the aforementioned Commission.
The Commission shall maintain permanent communication with the civil protection authorities in order to design actions that contribute to reducing or eliminating the loss of life, the impact on productive facilities, the destruction of material goods, damage to nature and the interruption of the essential functions of society in the event of a disaster caused by natural or human agents.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-A
Con el objeto de coadyuvar en el diseño de la política nacional en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, proponer reformas y adiciones al reglamento y a las normas oficiales mexicanas en la materia, así como estudiar y recomendar medidas preventivas para abatir los riesgos en los centros de trabajo, se organizará la Comisión Consultiva Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo.
Dicha comisión se integrará por representantes de las Secretarías del Trabajo y Previsión Social; de Salud; de Gobernación, y de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, así como por los que designen aquellas organizaciones nacionales de trabajadores y de patrones a las que convoque el titular de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, quien tendrá el carácter de Presidente de la citada Comisión.
La Comisión deberá mantener comunicación permanente con las autoridades de protección civil, a efecto de diseñar las acciones que contribuyan a reducir o eliminar la pérdida de vidas, la afectación de la planta productiva, la destrucción de bienes materiales, el daño a la naturaleza y la interrupción de las funciones esenciales de la sociedad, ante la eventualidad de un desastre provocado por agentes naturales o humanos.
In each state (federal entity), a State Advisory Commission on Occupational Safety and Health shall be formed, whose purpose shall be to contribute to the definition of state policy on occupational safety, health and the work environment, to propose amendments and additions to the regulations and to the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on the matter, and to study and propose preventive measures to reduce risks in the workplaces established within its jurisdiction.
Such State Advisory Commissions shall be chaired by the State Executives and the Head of Government of Mexico City, and their membership shall include representatives of the Ministries of Labor and Social Welfare, Health, the Interior, and Environment and Natural Resources, and of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), as well as those designated by the workers' and employers' organizations they call upon.
The representative of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) on the respective State Advisory Commission shall serve as its Secretary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-B
En cada entidad federativa se constituirá una Comisión Consultiva Estatal de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, cuya finalidad será la de coadyuvar en la definición de la política estatal en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, proponer reformas y adiciones al reglamento y a las normas oficiales mexicanas en la materia, así como estudiar y proponer medidas preventivas para abatir los riesgos en los centros de trabajo establecidos en su jurisdicción.
Dichas Comisiones Consultivas Estatales serán presididas por los Ejecutivos Estatales y el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México y en su integración participarán representantes de las Secretarías del Trabajo y Previsión Social, de Salud, de Gobernación y de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; así como los que designen las organizaciones de trabajadores y de patrones a las que convoquen.
El representante de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social ante la Comisión Consultiva Estatal respectiva, fungirá como Secretario de la misma.
The organization of the National Advisory Commission on Occupational Safety and Health and that of the State and Mexico City Advisory Commissions on Occupational Safety and Health shall be set forth in the regulations issued on occupational safety, health and the work environment.
The internal operation of such Commissions shall be set forth in the Internal Regulations issued by each Commission.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-C
La organización de la Comisión Consultiva Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo y la de las Comisiones Consultivas Estatales y de la Ciudad de México de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, serán señaladas en el reglamento que se expida en materia de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo.
El funcionamiento interno de dichas Comisiones, se fijará en el Reglamento Interior que cada Comisión expida.
Employers shall make the modifications ordered by the labor authorities in order to bring their establishments, facilities or equipment into line with the provisions of this Law, its regulations or the Official Mexican Standards (NOM) on occupational safety and health issued by the competent authorities. If, after the term granted to them for that purpose has elapsed, the modifications have not been made, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall sanction the offending employer, with a warning (apercibimiento) of a greater sanction if it fails to comply with the order within the new term granted to it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-D
Los patrones deberán efectuar las modificaciones que ordenen las autoridades del trabajo a fin de ajustar sus establecimientos, instalaciones o equipos a las disposiciones de esta Ley, de sus reglamentos o de las normas oficiales mexicanas en materia de seguridad y salud en el trabajo que expidan las autoridades competentes. Si transcurrido el plazo que se les conceda para tal efecto, no se han efectuado las modificaciones, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social procederá a sancionar al patrón infractor, con apercibimiento de sanción mayor en caso de no cumplir la orden dentro del nuevo plazo que se le otorgue.
In the case of restriction of access or limitation of operation in the detected risk areas referred to in Article 541, section VI Bis, of this Law, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), after analyzing the report referred to in that provision and carrying out the proceedings it deems relevant, shall decide within the following 72 hours whether to lift the restriction ordered or extend its duration until the irregularities that gave rise to the suspension of activities are corrected, independently of the imposition of the corresponding economic sanction for noncompliance with the provisions on occupational safety and hygiene.
Within the term referred to in the preceding paragraph, the employer may state to the Ministry whatever it deems appropriate to its rights and offer the evidence it considers relevant, which shall be taken into account by the authority when deciding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-D Bis
Para el caso de la restricción de acceso o limitación en la operación en las áreas de riesgo detectadas a que se refiere el artículo 541, fracción VI Bis de esta Ley, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social después de realizar el análisis del informe a que se refiere dicho precepto y practicar las diligencias que considere pertinentes, resolverá dentro de las siguientes 72 horas si levanta la restricción decretada o amplía su duración, hasta en tanto se corrijan las irregularidades que motivaron la suspensión de actividades, independientemente de la imposición de la sanción económica que corresponda por el incumplimiento a las disposiciones en materia de seguridad e higiene en el trabajo.
Dentro del plazo a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, el patrón podrá manifestar a la Secretaría lo que a su derecho convenga y ofrecer las pruebas que estime pertinentes, lo que será tomado en cuenta por la autoridad al momento de resolver.
In the event that the competent health authorities have ordered the suspension of work by reason of a declaration of a health emergency, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall order the measures necessary to prevent harm to the health of workers, without prejudice to the imposition of the corresponding sanctions and the exercise of the powers of other authorities.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-D Ter
En el caso de que las autoridades sanitarias competentes hubieren determinado la suspensión de labores con motivo de una declaratoria de contingencia sanitaria, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social ordenará medidas necesarias para evitar afectaciones a la salud de los trabajadores, sin perjuicio de la imposición de las sanciones que correspondan y del ejercicio de las facultades de otras autoridades.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall establish the necessary coordination with the Ministry of Health and with the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) for the preparation of programs and the conduct of campaigns aimed at preventing work accidents and occupational illnesses.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-E
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social establecerá la coordinación necesaria con la Secretaría de Salud y con el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social para la elaboración de programas y el desarrollo de campañas tendientes a prevenir accidentes y enfermedades de trabajo.
The authorities of the states (federal entities) shall assist the federal authorities in the promotion, application and oversight of compliance with the rules on occupational safety, health and the work environment in the case of companies or establishments that, in the other aspects arising from employment relationships, are subject to local jurisdiction.
Such assistance shall be provided under Articles 527-A and 529.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-F
Las autoridades de las entidades federativas auxiliarán a las del orden federal en la promoción, aplicación y vigilancia del cumplimiento de las normas de seguridad, salud y medio ambiente de trabajo, cuando se trate de empresas o establecimientos que, en los demás aspectos derivados de las relaciones laborales, estén sujetos a la jurisdicción local.
Dicho auxilio será prestado en los términos de los artículos 527-A y 529.
In the event that workplaces are regulated by specialized Laws or rules on safety and health whose oversight is the responsibility of authorities other than the labor authorities, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) or the labor authorities of the states (federal entities), according to their sphere of competence, shall assist the former.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 512-G
En el supuesto de que los centros de trabajo se encuentren regulados por Leyes o normas especializadas en materia de seguridad y salud, cuya vigilancia corresponda a otras autoridades distintas a las laborales, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social o las autoridades del trabajo de las entidades federativas, según el ámbito de competencia, serán auxiliares de aquéllas.
This article contains a table; its rows are shown as running text and may be hard to read. Consult the table in the official DOF PDF.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall simultaneously update the Tables of Occupational Diseases and for the Assessment of Permanent Disabilities Resulting from Occupational Risks and the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, which are of general observance throughout the national territory.
For the updating of the Tables and of the Catalog referred to in the preceding paragraph, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare shall request the opinion of the National Advisory Commission on Occupational Safety and Health, as well as of specialists in the field.
The Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF), for its observance and application.
TABLE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Group I. Infectious and parasitic diseases
1. Diseases caused by ancylostoma (ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis, or miners' anemia)
ICD-11 code: 1F68
Workers employed as potters and ceramists; in the extraction of quarry stone, clay, sand, stone and gravel; plumbers, pipefitters and pipe installers; in the manufacture of cement, lime, plaster, tile and stone products, and brickmakers; gardeners in establishments; gardeners in private homes, gardener's helpers in establishments; miners and in the mining of metallic ores; in agricultural activities; support workers in agricultural activities; support workers in construction, and support workers in plumbing and pipe installation.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
2. Aspergillosis
ICD-11 code: 1F20Z
Workers exposed in animal (bird) breeding facilities in the poultry food industry, hide cleaners and agricultural workers (coffee). It is highly ubiquitous in warehouses, caves and plants, in hospital settings in air conditioning contaminated with bird droppings, and in basements.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
3. Brucellosis (Malta fever, undulant fever or Mediterranean fever)
ICD-11 code: 1B95
Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals: cattle ranchers, dairy workers, milkers and herders.
Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of dairy products: staff of goat and cow milk processing plants. Slaughter of livestock and poultry, processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products: butchers, meat packers and slaughterhouse workers.
Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services: veterinary nurses, workers in contact with excrement, aborted fetuses of diseased females, milk, urine, placentas, blood and tissues, laboratory technicians and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
4. Candidiasis (moniliasis)
ICD-11 code: 1F23.Z
Workers in agricultural labor: farmers and fruit pickers. Manufacturing industries: rubber factories, wood factories, metal foundries, the cement industry and cleaning in the semiconductor industry. Food preparation: food handlers, cooks and dishwashers.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: dentists, surgeons, surgical scrub technicians, nurses, cleaning staff, pathology technicians and laboratory workers. In general, workers whose hands or feet are constantly damp, in conditions of heat and occlusion, and those that cause maceration, and workers who wear plastic gloves for prolonged periods.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
5. Anthrax (carbuncle)
ICD-11 code: 1B97
Workers exposed to reservoirs, such as: herbivorous animals, antelopes, horses, goats, camels, sheep, rams and cattle. Workers in agriculture: jobs with exposure, such as farmers. Workers in custom tailoring of clothing, footwear manufacturing, tanning and finishing of leather and hides: tanners, furriers, taxidermists and shoemakers.
Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, as well as racetracks, greyhound tracks, charreada arenas, cockfighting pits, and the promotion and staging of bullfighting events: grooms, wool carders, butchers, cattle ranchers, handlers of horsehair, meat, bovine bones, bristles and horns, stable hands, herders, zoo staff, saddlers, wool weavers, tanning and finishing of leather and hides. Slaughter of livestock and poultry: slaughterhouse workers and rag pickers.
Workers in laboratory services for industry in general: microbiology laboratory staff. Veterinary and auxiliary services: veterinary nurses, pathologists and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
6. Coccidioidomycosis (San Joaquin Valley fever)
ICD-11 code: 1F25Z
Workers involved in agriculture (farmworkers, pickers, among others), archaeologists, drivers on routes crossing endemic areas, builders of highways, roads and ports, excavators, farmers, physicians in contact with microbiology laboratories, microbiology laboratory staff, military personnel and construction personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
7. COVID-19
ICD-11 code: RA01
Due to the respiratory nature of transmission of the agent causing COVID-19, the risk to workers from exposure to it is greater than that of the general population, and it may be: very high, high, medium or low. The level of risk shall depend on repeated or prolonged contact with possible sources of infection in the performance or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Jobs according to their level of risk of exposure to the agent are:
a) Very high exposure risk
Jobs that come into direct contact with confirmed or suspected sources of the agent during medical or laboratory procedures, such as health personnel: physicians, nurses, dentists, personnel handling the bodies of confirmed or suspected patients, laboratory or diagnostic unit personnel handling contaminated specimens from confirmed or suspected patients, among others.
b) High exposure risk
Jobs providing service to the public in medical units where confirmed or suspected sources of the agent are present, such as: medical assistants, social workers, pharmacists, technicians and assistants, public information staff, paramedics, nurses, physicians, maintenance staff, staff providing medical transport to patients, social workers, laundry, food and cleaning services, among others.
c) Medium exposure risk
Jobs providing service to the public (other than in medical units) where exposure to confirmed or suspected sources is not known but it is possible to encounter the agent, such as those engaged in: the preparation and serving of food and beverages, public administration and social security services, temporary accommodation services, financial and insurance services (banks, finance companies, insurance companies and similar), personal, household and miscellaneous services, public or private transportation services (land, air, maritime or rail), teaching and child and adult care services, among others.
d) Low exposure risk
Jobs that do not require contact with the general public or with customers, suppliers or coworkers, or in which occupational contact is minimal; however, the risk must be greater than that of the general population.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
8. Viral encephalitis / Rocio viral encephalitis / California encephalitis / La Crosse encephalitis / henipavirus encephalitis / mumps virus encephalitis / herpes simplex encephalitis / rubella virus encephalitis / varicella encephalitis / Japanese encephalitis
ICD-11 code: 1C80, 1C87, 1C8B, 1C8D, 1D63, 1D80.3, 1F00.21, 1E90.2, 1C85
Workers in agriculture: farmers, agricultural and livestock workers and day laborers. Workers in the construction of infrastructure works and buildings in public and/or non-public works. Workers in activities such as: painters, roofers, construction and road workers.
Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals: aviary and zoo keepers, farmers and foresters. Timber forest harvesting; extraction of non-timber forest products, and forestry services: forest workers, forest rangers and logging operators. Other jobs: soldiers.
Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services: workers exposed during ecological studies, researchers working outdoors, biologists, entomologists and geologists. Fumigation, disinfection and pest control services: gardeners and ornamental gardeners. Medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: pathologists, laboratory staff and health workers. Veterinary and auxiliary services: ornithologists and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
9. Human immunodeficiency virus infection, without mention of tuberculosis or malaria, unspecified
ICD-11 code: 1C62.Z
Workers employed in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services; ambulance staff, in blood banks, in contact with blood or objects contaminated with human blood from patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), stomatologists, clinical analysis laboratory workers, laundry, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, as well as physicians, paramedics, nurses and dentists.
Security workers who are exposed during acts of violence to human blood contaminated with HIV, guards, police officers and security personnel. Workers who, in the performance of their duties, are victims of rape.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
10. Erysipeloid (fish handler's disease, whale finger, Rosenbach's erysipeloid)
ICD-11 code: 1B96
Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, swine and sheep: butchers and persons who handle pigs. Processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products: workers in meat packing plants.
Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of fish, shellfish and other marine products: workers who handle shellfish or fish and their products, as well as fishermen. Slaughter of livestock and poultry: workers in contact with animals or their carcasses, pens, leather and other materials, in slaughterhouses, and animal hair. Veterinary and auxiliary services: veterinary nurses, pathologists, slaughterhouse workers and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
11. Scabies (mange)
ICD-11 code: 1G04 Workers in temporary accommodation services: chambermaids and laundry staff. Barbershop and beauty salon services: hairdressers, stylists and spa staff. Academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services: childcare specialists, teachers at all educational levels and education technicians. Medical and social assistance services: cleaning staff in shelters, daycare centers, sanatoriums and health workers. Veterinary services: veterinarians, caretakers, breeders and grooming staff. Soldiers and prison staff.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
12. Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease, spirochetosis)
ICD-11 code: 1C1G
Workers in agriculture: farmers, land surveying and day laborers. Hunting: deer hunters. Construction of buildings: except public works. Construction of infrastructure works and buildings in public works: park maintenance or care of flora and fauna. Construction of infrastructure works and buildings in public works: topographers. Raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals: farmers. Timber forest harvesting; extraction of non-timber forest products and forestry services: foresters.
Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services: workers exposed during ecological studies. Veterinary and auxiliary services: veterinary nurses, pathologists and veterinarians. Rail and electric transportation: railroad workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
13. Sporotrichosis
ICD-11 code: 1F2J.Z
Workers such as: farmers, farmworkers, carpenters, crockery packers, soil and plant packers, floriculturists, forest workers, gardeners, miners, hay workers, hide workers and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
14. Schistosomiasis (Katayama fever, cutaneous cercariasis and schistosoma)
ICD-11 code: 1F86.Z
Workers in contact with contaminated water, in the construction of dams, dikes, ponds or irrigation canals, lifeguards at contaminated lakes and agricultural workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
15. Dengue fever (classic dengue, breakbone fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever)
ICD-11 code: 1D2Z
Workers in agriculture: farmers, agricultural and livestock workers and day laborers. Transportation-related services of customs brokerage, courier and parcel, baggage, travel and tourism agencies and other activities related to transportation in general: travel agents and tour guides. Medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: nurses, physicians, pathologists and health workers.
Air transportation workers: pilots, cabin crew or aircraft personnel who travel to endemic areas. Passenger transportation, as well as freight transportation: passenger and freight drivers who travel to endemic areas. Rail and electric transportation: train engineers and railroad workers from non-endemic areas assigned to perform work in endemic areas. Sailors, military personnel and workers from non-endemic areas assigned to perform work in endemic areas.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
16. Acute hepatitis B
ICD-11 code: 1E50.1
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: ambulance staff, blood bank laboratory workers, in contact with blood or objects contaminated with human blood from patients infected with hepatitis B. Stomatologists and dentists, clinical analysis laboratory workers, laundry staff, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, medical staff, paramedics and nursing staff. Police officers and guard and security personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
17. Acute hepatitis C
ICD-11 code: 1E50.2
Workers employed in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: ambulance staff, blood bank laboratory workers in contact with blood or objects contaminated with human blood from patients infected with hepatitis C; stomatologists and dentists; clinical analysis laboratory workers. Laundry, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, medical staff, paramedics, nursing staff, police officers, guard and security personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
18. Acute hepatitis D (viral hepatitis, not otherwise specified)
ICD-11 code: 1E50.3
Workers employed in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: ambulance staff, blood bank laboratory workers, in contact with blood or objects contaminated with human blood from patients infected with hepatitis D; stomatologists and dentists; clinical analysis laboratory workers, laundry staff, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, medical staff, paramedics, nursing staff, police officers, guard and security personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
19. Acute hepatitis E (viral hepatitis, not otherwise specified)
ICD-11 code: 1E50.4
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: ambulance staff, stomatologists and dentists. Clinical analysis laboratory workers, laundry staff, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, medical staff, paramedics, nursing staff, police officers and guard and security personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
20. Histoplasmosis
ICD-11 code: 1F2A
Workers in activities such as: geologists and exploration assistants, excavators, workers in the extraction and handling of guano; instructors of recreational activities (caves, grottoes, tunnels, wells), miners and cave explorers (speleologists). Workers in the demolition of old buildings.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
21. Herpetic infections (herpes simplex)
ICD-11 code: 1F00
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: ambulance staff, stomatologists and dentists; clinical analysis laboratory workers, laundry staff, cleaning and maintenance staff, staff of emergency rooms in hospitals and sanatoriums, medical staff, paramedics, nursing staff; workers in temporary accommodation services, cleaning and maintenance staff in hotels, residences and motels.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
22. Avian influenza or bird flu or influenza A H5N1 virus infection
ICD-11 code: 1E31
Due to the respiratory nature of transmission of the causal agent, the risk to workers from exposure to it is greater than that of the general population, and it may be: very high, high, medium or low. The level of risk shall depend on repeated or prolonged contact with possible sources of infection in the performance or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Jobs according to their level of risk of exposure to the agent are:
a) Very high exposure risk
Workers in activities that come into direct contact with confirmed or suspected sources of the agent during medical or laboratory procedures, such as health personnel: physicians, nurses, dentists, personnel handling the bodies of confirmed or suspected patients, laboratory or diagnostic unit personnel handling contaminated specimens from confirmed or suspected patients, among others.
b) High exposure risk
Workers in activities providing service to the public in medical units where confirmed or suspected sources of the agent are present, such as: medical assistants, social workers, pharmacists, technicians and assistants, public information staff, paramedics, nurses, physicians, maintenance staff, staff providing medical transport to patients of social workers, laundry, food and cleaning services, among others.
c) Medium exposure risk
Workers in activities providing service to the public (other than in medical units) where exposure to confirmed or suspected sources is not known but it is possible to encounter the agent, such as those engaged in: the preparation and serving of food and beverages, public administration and social security services, temporary accommodation services, financial and insurance services (banks, finance companies, insurance companies and similar), personal, household and miscellaneous services, public or private transportation services (land, air, maritime or rail), teaching and child and adult care services, among others.
d) Low exposure risk
Workers in activities that do not require contact with the general public or with customers, suppliers or coworkers, or in which occupational contact is minimal; however, the risk must be greater than that of the general population.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
23. Pandemic influenza
ICD-11 code: 1E32
Due to the respiratory nature of transmission of the causal agent, the risk to workers from exposure to it is greater than that of the general population, and it may be: very high, high, medium or low. The level of risk shall depend on repeated or prolonged contact with possible sources of infection in the performance or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Jobs according to their level of risk of exposure to the agent are:
a) Very high exposure risk
Workers in activities that come into direct contact with confirmed or suspected sources of the agent during medical or laboratory procedures, such as health personnel: physicians, nurses, dentists, personnel handling the bodies of confirmed or suspected patients, laboratory or diagnostic unit personnel handling contaminated specimens from confirmed or suspected patients, among others.
b) High exposure risk
Workers in activities providing service to the public in medical units where confirmed or suspected sources of the agent are present, such as: medical assistants, social workers, pharmacists, technicians and assistants, public information staff, paramedics, nurses, physicians, maintenance staff, staff providing medical transport to patients of social workers, laundry, food and cleaning services, among others.
c) Medium exposure risk
Workers in activities providing service to the public (other than in medical units), where exposure to confirmed or suspected sources is not known but it is possible to encounter the agent, such as those engaged in: the preparation and serving of food and beverages, public administration and social security services, temporary accommodation services, financial and insurance services (banks, finance companies, insurance companies and similar), personal, household and miscellaneous services, public or private transportation services (land, air, maritime or rail), teaching and child and adult care services, among others.
d) Low exposure risk
Workers in activities that do not require contact with the general public or with customers, suppliers or coworkers, or in which occupational contact is minimal; however, the risk must be greater than that of the general population.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
24. Leishmaniasis (oriental sore, American leishmaniasis, chiclero's ulcer)
ICD-11 code: 1F54
Workers such as chicle and rubber gatherers, woodcutters in tropical regions, military personnel, vanilla growers, among others.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
25. Leptospirosis (Weil's disease, icterohemorrhagic fever, cane cutters' fever, swamp fever, mud fever, hemorrhagic jaundice or Stuttgart disease)
ICD-11 code: 1B91 Workers in agriculture: farmers, day laborers, workers in the buying and selling of scrap, scrap iron, used parts or mechanisms and waste in general, garbage collectors. Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, animal keepers and handlers and farmers. Tanning and finishing of leather and hides, wool-stripping and fleshing staff. Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of fish, shellfish and other marine products, fish and shellfish packers, fishermen. Workers in timber forest harvesting; extraction of non-timber forest products and forestry services, woodcutters. Workers in the extraction and processing of mineral coal, graphite, non-metallic and metallic minerals, miners where silicosis previously exists. Workers in plumbing, electrical, gas and air conditioning installations, gas fitter, gas connection installer, refrigeration and air conditioning technician. Sewer and drainage workers. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry, in slaughterhouses, equine rag pickers and slaughterhouse workers. Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, veterinary nurses and assistants and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
26. Mycetoma (Madura foot or maduromycosis)
ICD-11 code: 1F29
Workers in agriculture: farm workers producing oats, barley and rye. Wheat millers, bakers. Sawmill workers. In tropical climates, workers exposed to contamination from plant materials such as cacti, canes, agricultural implements, thorns, weeds, stones and grasses; day laborers. Fishermen or workers exposed to fish scales.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
27. Glanders (farcy)
ICD-11 code: 1B92
Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, as well as racetracks, greyhound tracks, charreada arenas, cockfighting pits, promotion and staging of bullfighting events, grooms, butchers, equine keepers, farmers, farriers, riders, stable hands or cattle ranch hands; cavalry soldiers in the army. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry; slaughterhouse workers, equine rag pickers and slaughterhouse workers. Workers in microbiology laboratory services, chemists, laboratory workers, microbiology laboratory cleaning staff. Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, veterinary nurses and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
28. Onchocerciasis (river blindness)
ICD-11 code: 1F6A
Agricultural workers mainly in coffee plantation areas, coffee growers and day laborers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
29. Paludism (malaria)
ICD-11 code: 1F40.Z, 1F41.Z, 1F41.Y, 1F42.Y
Workers such as farmworkers, drivers of trains and freight or passenger vehicles who travel to an endemic area; floriculturists, sailors, laborers, pilots; health workers and workers exposed in endemic areas.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
30. Head lice infestation (pediculosis capitis)
ICD-11 code: 1G00.0
Workers in temporary accommodation services: chambermaids and laundry staff; workers in barbershop and beauty salon services, such as hairdressers, stylists and spa staff. Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services, childcare specialists, teachers at all educational levels and education technicians.
Workers in medical and social assistance services; cleaning staff in shelters, daycare centers, sanatoriums and health facilities. Soldiers and prison staff.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
31. Psittacosis (ornithosis)
ICD-11 code: 1C22
Workers in activities such as agriculture: farmers, ranchers and poultry farmers; workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, as well as racetracks, greyhound tracks, charreada arenas, cockfighting pits and the promotion and staging of bullfighting events: bird and zoo keepers. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry; in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products, such as butchers. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry; workers in poultry slaughterhouses, processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of poultry products and workers in contact with birds.
Workers in microbiology laboratory services for industry in general, such as chemists, laboratory workers and microbiology laboratory cleaning staff. Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, such as biologists, taxidermists and veterinarians, ornithologists and pet stores.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
32. Rabies or hydrophobia (acute and fatal encephalitis)
ICD-11 code: 1C82
Workers in agriculture, such as farmers, agricultural and livestock workers and day laborers. Workers in fumigation, disinfection and pest control services, such as gardeners, ornamental gardeners, as well as workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services, such as conservationists, ecologists, researchers, cave explorers, animal facility workers and researchers.
Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, such as kennel workers, staff in contact with infected animals and veterinarians. Zoo workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
33. Rickettsiosis (murine typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever or Queensland fever and spotted fever)
ICD-11 code: 1C30.0, 1C31.0, 1C33
Workers in agriculture, such as farmers, agricultural and livestock workers and day laborers. Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, racetracks, greyhound tracks, charreada arenas, cockfighting pits, as well as the promotion and staging of bullfighting events, such as farmers, grooms, riders, keepers and milkers. Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products, such as workers who process and prepare meat. Workers in timber forest harvesting; extraction of non-timber forest products and forestry services, such as forest workers, forest rangers and logging operators. Workers in the manufacture of synthetic resins, plasticizers and rubber. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry, such as slaughterhouse operators.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services: nurses, staff of biological and diagnostic laboratories, dialysis centers and laundries. Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, such as biologists, taxidermists, veterinarians, ornithologists and pet store staff. Workers in education and assistance services such as schools, hospices, daycare centers, nursing homes, prisons, such as teachers, preschool educators, childcare specialists, daycare cleaning staff, prison guards, wardens, soldiers and sailors.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
34. Rubella (German measles or three-day measles)
ICD-11 code: 1F02
Workers in temporary accommodation services: in hotels, residences and motels. Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services, such as preschool, elementary school and daycare teachers. Workers in medical services such as: physicians, nurses, paramedics, assistants, cleaning staff in hospitals and sanatoriums, therapists and health workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
35. Measles
ICD-11 code: 1F03
Workers in temporary accommodation services: in hotels, residences and motels. Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services, such as preschool, elementary school and daycare teachers. Workers in medical services such as: physicians, nurses, paramedics, assistants, cleaning staff in hospitals, sanatoriums, therapists and in the health sector.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
36. Non-venereal syphilis
ICD-11 code: 1C1F
Workers in the manufacture of glass and glass products, such as glassblowers. Workers engaged in burials and related services, such as morgue attendants. Workers in medical services, such as paramedics and assistants, nurses, physicians, pathologists and health workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
37. Tetanus
ICD-11 code: 1C13
Workers in metalworking industrial activities, such as cutters, blacksmiths, welders, operators of lathes, presses and guillotines, stevedores, loading laborers, general helpers and machinery maintenance staff.
Workers in agriculture: jobs with exposure, such as farmers and day laborers. Workers in the raising and farming of livestock and other kinds of animals, racetracks, greyhound tracks, charreada arenas, cockfighting pits, as well as the promotion and staging of bullfighting events, such as grooms, butchers, equine keepers, farmers, blacksmiths, riders and stable hands.
Workers in the preparation and serving of food, such as cooks. Workers in motor vehicle repair, washing and lubrication services, emissions testing, mechanical and body shop services, such as mechanics, body shop workers; washers, inspectors and general helpers.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services, such as physicians, nurses, staff of biological and diagnostic laboratories, and health sector workers who handle sharp objects. Workers in the generation, transmission and distribution of electric power, such as electricians. Other jobs, such as soldiers and sailors.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
38. Toxoplasmosis
ICD-11 code: 1F57.Y Laboratory workers, cat handlers in pet stores or pet grooming salons, slaughterhouse workers and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
39. Miliary tuberculosis
ICD-11 code: 1B13
Workers in the extraction and processing of mineral coal, graphite, non-metallic and metallic minerals, such as miners where silicosis previously exists. Workers in burials and related services, such as morgue attendants. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry. Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products, such as butchers, slaughterhouse workers, veterinarians and veterinary assistants.
Workers in janitorial and cleaning services, such as cleaning staff. Workers in social assistance services, such as homeless shelters, refugee or immigrant centers, addiction treatment centers and correctional institutions.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services, such as physicians, nurses, staff of biological and diagnostic laboratories, dialysis centers and laundries in sanatoriums. Workers in veterinary and auxiliary services, such as veterinary nurses, pathologists and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
40. Bacteriologically and histologically confirmed respiratory tuberculosis and other mycobacterioses
ICD-11 code: 1B10, 1G80
Workers in the extraction and processing of mineral coal, graphite, non-metallic and metallic minerals, such as miners where silicosis previously exists. Workers in burials and related services, such as morgue attendants. Workers in the slaughter of livestock and poultry. Workers in the processing, preparation, preservation, bottling and packaging of meat and meat products, such as butchers and slaughterhouse workers.
Workers in janitorial and cleaning services, such as cleaning staff. Workers in social assistance services, such as those of homeless shelters, refugee or immigrant centers, addiction treatment centers and correctional institutions.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services, such as physicians, nurses, staff of biological and diagnostic laboratories, dialysis centers and laundries in sanatoriums. Veterinary and auxiliary services: veterinary nurses, pathologists and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
41. Varicella (chickenpox)
ICD-11 code: 1E90
Workers in temporary accommodation services: in hotels, residences and motels. Workers in academic teaching, training, scientific research and cultural outreach services, such as preschool, elementary school and daycare teachers.
Workers in medical, paramedical and auxiliary services, such as physicians, nurses, paramedics, cleaning staff in hospitals, sanatoriums and health facilities.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group II. Cancers of occupational origin
42. Primary neoplasms of the brain
ICD-11 code: 2A00
Workers in agricultural activities, especially those exposed to plaguicides, herbicides and pesticides. Workers in the electricity, rubber and petroleum industries. Workers in the chemical industry, such as those exposed to organic solvents, laboratory workers, and those in research on the production of mustard gas. Workers in contact with and in the production of styrene and polystyrene, plastic producers: workers exposed in the vinyl chloride production industries in polymerization plants, where halogenated derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons are used, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tribromomethane, 2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, chloropropylene, 2-chlorobutadiene, carbon tetrachloride, and those workers exposed to heavy metals, such as arsenic, mercury, lead, gold and silver. Workers exposed in industries handling organic solvents, such as painters, among others. Workers in medical, social assistance and veterinary services, such as radiologists, radiology technicians, dentists, anesthesiologists, operating room staff. Workers in the building and civil engineering works construction industry, with asphalt workers, nuclear workers, technicians, structural analysts. Workers in the telecommunications, television, radio and cellular telephone industries. Workers in the refining of petroleum and coal derivatives, coal gasification, and tire manufacturing.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
43. Carcinoma in situ of the eye or ocular adnexa
ICD-11 code: 2E6A
Workers in agriculture, livestock, fishing, forestry and the construction industry, such as workers employed in exposed environments, such as farmers, fishermen, laborers, sailors and sawyers. Workers in the construction industry, such as bricklayers, builders, workers in the construction of buildings and civil engineering works, in highway paving, in roof construction and waterproofing; carpenters, cabinetmakers, artisans; glass workers, cleaning workers in nuclear power plants. In short, every person exposed to solar radiation without protection because of working outdoors is at notable risk, primarily if that person has white or fair skin or a genetic predisposition.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
44. Malignant neoplasms of the oropharynx
ICD-11 code: 2B6A
Workers in economic activities and jobs with which the chemical industry may be associated, exposed to organic solvents and in the production of herbicides and pesticides. Workers in research laboratories in the production of mustard gas. Workers who handle organic solvents, such as painters. Workers in the extraction and processing of non-metallic minerals, such as coal miners exposed to petroleum derivatives, solvent vapors, mechanics of combustion engine vehicles, drivers, persons exposed to wood or organic dusts, workers in the coal industry and in construction exposed to cement, and health personnel exposed to papillomavirus.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
45. Malignant neoplasms of the nasopharynx
ICD-11 code: 2B6B Workers in economic activities and jobs such as: cadmium extraction, metallurgy in the production of materials containing cadmium, exposure to cadmium paints, production of fertilizers, paper, laminated wood and resins, carpenters. Workers exposed to motor fuels, solvents for greases, oils and paints; in photographic engraving of prints; as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of detergents, explosives, pharmaceutical products and paints.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
46. Malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
ICD-11 code: 2C20 and 2C22
Workers in economic activities and jobs such as: carpenters, cabinetmakers, woodcutters and other workers associated with handling wood, in the chemical industry, in refining, in the extraction and processing of chromium, nickel and radium, those exposed to paints and solvents, exposed to oxygenated petroleum gases, in the production of fertilizers, paper, laminated wood and resins, farmers and personnel exposed to organic dusts. Workers in agriculture in flour milling or bakery work. Workers in the footwear industry and the leather industry, such as hide tanners.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
47. Malignant neoplasms of the larynx and voice disorders, unspecified
ICD-11 code: 2C23, MA82.Z
Workers in the chemical industry, such as those in research laboratories in the production of mustard gas, in the plastics industry such as those exposed in the manufacture and production of plastics, in contact with industries handling organic solvents, such as painters; in gold mines; in the asbestos industry, workers in the steel industry, in steel mills, exposed in the production and use of plaguicides. Workers in the building and civil engineering works construction industry, such as bricklayers, roofers, laborers exposed to asbestos. Workers exposed to the combustion of coal, petroleum and gasoline, and garbage; cooks, workers in the metallurgical industry, tanners, farmers, construction workers. Workers in the pharmaceutical industry, such as those who handle chemotherapeutic agents. Workers who use their voice frequently, such as singers, vocalists, choristers, teachers, professors, announcers, staff serving the public, waiters, telephone operators, merchants, tour guides, carpenters, sculptors, coaches, instructors, translator, and all those trades or professions in which workers use their voice as a work tool.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
48. Malignant neoplasms of the trachea
ICD-11 code: 2C24
Workers exposed to methylene chloride, metal smelting, asbestos, silica, rubber and wood dusts have an increased likelihood of suffering from this condition. Some associated jobs are painters, pharmaceutical manufacturers, producers of paint removers, those associated with the metallurgical industry, rubber production and handling, carpenters.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
49. Carcinoma of the breast, specialized type
ICD-11 code: 2C60
Workers in nuclear activities, structural technicians and analysts, health workers such as radiologists, radiology technicians, dentists, and workers in bars, restaurants and nightclubs.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
50. Melanoma of the skin
ICD-11 code: 2C30
Workers in the construction industry in general and highway construction, industrial works, bacteriological laboratory technicians, professional athletes, the pharmaceutical industry, forestation, the timber industry, nurses, physicians, mountain guides, ski instructors, hairdressers, sailors, fishermen, dental mechanics, military personnel, cosmetologists, open-pit mining, lithography, printing, the petroleum industry, plastic curing, gardeners, park workers, food irradiation, rural tasks, farmers, solarium employees, railroad and transportation workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
51. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
ICD-11 code: 2C31
Workers in the construction industry in general and highway construction, industrial works, bacteriological laboratory technicians, professional athletes, the pharmaceutical industry, forestation, the timber industry, nurses, physicians, mountain guides, ski instructors, hairdressers, sailors, fishermen, dental mechanics, military personnel, cosmetologists, open-pit mining, lithography, printing, the petroleum industry, plastic curing, gardeners, park workers, food irradiation, rural tasks, farmers, solarium employees, railroad and transportation workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
52. Basal cell carcinoma of the skin
ICD-11 code: 2C32
Workers in the construction industry in general and highway construction, industrial works, bacteriological laboratory technicians, professional athletes, the pharmaceutical industry, forestation, the timber industry, nurses, physicians, mountain guides, ski instructors, hairdressers, sailors, fishermen, dental mechanics, military personnel, cosmetologists, open-pit mining, lithography, printing, the petroleum industry, plastic curing, gardeners, park workers, food irradiation, rural tasks, farmers, solarium employees, railroad and transportation workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
53. Malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland
ICD-11 code: 2D10
Workers in footwear manufacturing and the leather industry, hide tanners, refining of petroleum and coal derivatives, gas station employees, rubber workers, plastic producers, land transportation, bus drivers, operators, transportation equipment and its parts, diesel engine mechanics, construction workers, workers in buildings and civil engineering works, nuclear workers, technicians, structural analysts, the chemical industry, styrene and polystyrene producers, plastic producers, rubber, medical services, social assistance, veterinary and health workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
54. Mesothelioma of the pleura
ICD-11 code: 2C26.0
Workers in the mining, processing, transportation and handling of amianthus; manufacture and use of products containing amianthus. Asbestos millers, manufacturers of asbestos-cement products (sheets, water tanks, among others). Sheet metal workers; in the coating industry, shipyards, textile manufacturers, production of insulating materials or filters; in the rubber, plastic, resin and polymer industries. Brake mechanics, manufacturers of friction materials, such as: brake pads, brakes, clutches, among others. Workers in the building and civil engineering works construction industry.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
55. Adenocarcinoma of the bronchus or lung
ICD-11 code: 2C25.0
Workers in mining and underground work; mineral processing. Workers in mines, quarries and foundries; in the ceramics, cement and glass industries; in construction activities, manufacture of pesticides and other chemical products; agricultural workers; miners, smelters and metal refining; health workers such as physicians and veterinarians. Welders, those exposed to cigarette smoke and environmental pollutants due to the work environment, such as waiters, bartenders, casino workers or urban traffic police officers, professional drivers, among others. Workers in the refining of petroleum and coal derivatives exposed to coal gasification, arsenic and arsenical compounds; untreated mineral oils from petroleum.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
56. Malignant neoplasms of the esophagus
ICD-11 code: 2B70
Mining workers engaged in the extraction of non-metallic minerals; workers in the ceramics industry, asbestos millers, sheet metal workers, the coating industry, textile manufacturers, production of insulating materials or filters, the rubber, plastic, resin and polymer industries. Workers in the production and repair of transportation equipment and its parts, brake mechanics, manufacturers of friction materials. Workers in the building and civil engineering works construction industry, such as bricklayers, laborers, site supervisors, among others.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
57. Malignant neoplasms of the stomach (gastric cancer)
ICD-11 code: 2B72
Workers in services such as: coal miners, in iron and steel processing, manufacturing, wood processing, construction, mining, maritime manufacturing, agriculture, livestock, well drillers, blacksmiths, bricklayers, carpenters, machine operators, in the leather industry and in the handling of portland cement.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
58. Malignant neoplasms of the liver or intrahepatic bile ducts
ICD-11 code: 2C12.Z
Workers in medical, social assistance and veterinary services: health workers; chemical industry: workers in the production of vinyl chloride or copolymers, those exposed in arsenic mines, producers and users of plaguicides, blacksmiths, plastics industries, cleaners of vinyl chloride monomer reaction vessels, arsenic miners, electric power and glass repairers; workers in the restaurant industry, agriculture, as well as copper, lead and zinc miners and smelters. Workers in livestock, the chicken and pork processing industry. Workers in activities such as: painters and printing workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
59. Malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum
ICD-11 code: 2B90, 2B91, 2B92
Workers in agriculture, manufacturing, the ceramics industry, asbestos millers, sheet metal workers, the coating industry, textile manufacturers, production of insulating materials or filters, the rubber, plastic, resin and polymer industries.
Workers in transportation equipment and its parts, brake mechanics, workers manufacturing friction materials. Construction of buildings and civil engineering works, construction workers. Firefighters, the petrochemical industry, iron and metal, the beverage preparation industry, dockworkers. Petroleum refineries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
60. Malignant neoplasm of the pancreas and angiosarcoma of the liver
ICD-11 code: 2C10 and 2B56.3
Malignant neoplasm of the pancreas: artisan workers, librarians, archivists, taxi drivers, drivers, the electrical, electronics, typography, glass, ceramics and metallurgical industries, flight attendant, butler, passenger cabin crew, stevedore and cargo handler, metal processing.
Angiosarcoma of the liver: workers in medical, social assistance and veterinary services, such as: physicians, radiologists, radiology technicians, dentists, veterinarians. Workers in the chemical industry, such as: workers in the production of vinyl chloride or copolymers, those exposed in arsenic mines, producers and those who handle or use plaguicides. Workers in the plastics industry, cleaners of vinyl chloride monomer reaction vessels, arsenic miners, blacksmiths, electric power and glass repairers. Workers in the restaurant industry, such as: workers in bars, discotheques and restaurants. Workers in agriculture, such as: producers of food, fodder, loading and unloading, rice and corn processing. Workers in the extraction and processing of non-metallic minerals, such as: miners, copper, lead and zinc smelters, among others.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
61. Malignant neoplasms of the kidney, except renal pelvis
ICD-11 code: 2C90
Workers with exposure to pesticides, plaguicides or herbicides through their manufacture, handling or use. Mining workers. Workers in the chemical industry with exposure to solvents, inks and pigments. Agricultural workers exposed to aromatic amines, benzene and its derivatives.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
62. Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
ICD-11 code: 2C94.2
Workers in the chemical industry, such as workers with styrene and its production; dyes and colorants; in the wool textile industry. Engineers, technicians and workers in the chemical, mechanical, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries; in the manufacture of pigments; chemical refiners, coke production, coal gasification, aluminum, foundries. Workers in contact with anilines and their compounds. Publishing and printing industry: print shop workers. Workers in agriculture, such as farmers. Workers in personal, household and miscellaneous services, such as stylists and beauticians.
Workers in the construction of buildings and civil engineering works. Workers in the atomic industry, radioactive materials, nuclear reactors, use of radioelements, use of radiation generators. Carpenters, cabinetmakers, wood artisans. Workers in construction, in the extraction and processing of metallic and non-metallic minerals, miners.
Workers engaged in footwear manufacturing and the leather industry: footwear and leather industry, such as hide tanners. Workers exposed in the refining of petroleum and coal derivatives, such as refinery workers. Workers in the restaurant industry, such as workers in bars, restaurants and nightclubs.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
63. Malignant neoplasms of the prostate
ICD-11 code: 2C82
The workers at greatest risk of suffering from prostate cancer were observed among hairdressers or beauty treatment specialists. Workers in agricultural activities and the rubber industry; those exposed to cadmium.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
64. Malignant neoplasms of the testis
ICD-11 code: 2C80 Workers with exposure to pesticides, in their manufacture, handling and use. Mining workers, persons with exposure to solvents. Employees who are potentially exposed to radar emission sources (in the army, sailors and fishermen, and police officers who used radar devices).
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
65. Malignant neoplasms of the scrotum
ICD-11 code: 2C83
Workers in the building and civil engineering works construction industry: laborers, road construction workers in contact with asphalt. Chimney sweeps, workers exposed to soot, boilermakers and chimney cleaners, and those who use diesel. Chemical industry and textile industry: workers in contact with and in the production of organic solvents.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
66. Carcinomas of the ovary
ICD-11 code: 2C73.0
Workers in bars, restaurants and nightclubs. Workers in contact with chemical substances and pesticides. Aerial fumigators, agronomists, workers in contact with insecticides, such as fumigation staff, farm workers, pesticide manufacturers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
67. Primary osteosarcoma
ICD-11 code: 2B51
Workers in medical, social assistance and veterinary services, such as: radiologists, radiology technicians, structural analysts, dentists, workers in the nuclear industry who are exposed to ionizing radiation, including X-rays, gamma rays, neutrons and radon gas.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
68. Acute leukemia, not elsewhere classified
ICD-11 code: 2B33.0
Workers in the electric power industry, such as those in electric power generating plants; in the publishing and printing industry, such as printers; agricultural workers or farmers; in the refining of petroleum and coal derivatives, such as gas station employees, rubber workers, cleaning attendants, producers of plastics and rubber, among others. Workers in land transportation, such as bus drivers, operators, diesel engine mechanics; in the construction of buildings and civil engineering works, such as nuclear workers, technicians and structural analysts.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
69. Lymphoma (Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin)
ICD-11 code: 2B30, 2B33.5, 2A80, 2A81, 2A86, 2A90
Farm workers, day laborers, farmers, hunters; in the forestry industry, such as woodcutters; in the manufacturing industry, manufacturing transportation; in the production and distribution of electricity, gas and water; in the construction industry, such as bricklayers, laborers, site supervisors; in financial and social activities; in health, such as physicians, nursing staff, paramedics, stretcher bearers. Workers in hotels and restaurants; in the automotive industry; in the chemical industry; in petroleum refineries; in the nuclear industry; in the hide tanning and footwear industry; in the metallurgical, printing, plastics, textile, scientific and real estate industries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
70. Multiple myeloma
ICD-11 code: 2A82, 2A83, 2A84
Farm workers, day laborers, farmers, cattle ranchers; workers in the aerospace industry, medical services staff, such as physicians, nursing staff, paramedics, among others.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
71. Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable
ICD-11 code: 2A37
Workers in the electric power industry, such as those in electric power generating plants; in the publishing and printing industry, such as printers, including: gatherer, ink mixer, typesetter, printer; agricultural workers, day laborers, farmers, cattle rancher, pest controller, agricultural machinery operator; in the refining of petroleum and coal derivatives, such as gas station employees, rubber workers, cleaning attendants, producers of plastics and rubber, among others. Workers in land transportation, such as bus drivers, operators, diesel engine mechanics; in the construction of buildings and civil engineering works, such as nuclear workers, technicians and structural analysts.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group III. Diseases of the circulatory system, the blood and the hematopoietic organs
72. Aplastic anemia due to other external agents
ICD-11 code: 3A70, 3A70.11
Workers exposed in the publishing, printing and related industries, lithography, print shops, rotary presses and screen printers. Workers employed in the basic iron, steel and non-ferrous metal industries; employed in the production of ferroalloys, pig iron, sponge iron, special steels, slabs, blooms, billets, corrugated rebar, wire rod, bars, rails, plate, pipes and other primary iron or steel and non-ferrous metal products. It includes companies that carry out all or part of the transformation process, from smelting, refining and purification, to the stage of semi-finished products by rolling, casting, molding, extrusion, wire drawing, forging and other processes to obtain wire, structural shapes, sheets, foils, strips, tinplate, piping, castings and others; as well as those engaged in the use of scrap to obtain castings and cast parts.
Workers in the nuclear industry, uranium mines and mines of other radioactive metals (arsenic, nickel, cobalt, strontium, beryllium and radium), radium (who manufacture watch dials made with radium) and nuclear reactors.
Workers in medical services, such as: radiotherapy and radiodiagnosis workers (laser beams; maser beams, the use of radioelements: gammagraphy, gamma, beta therapy and isotopes).
Workers exposed in the chemical industry and the manufacture of rubber products. It comprises companies engaged in the manufacture of tires, inner tubes, gaskets, seals, rollers, mats, belts, pulleys, bumpers, automobile accessories, tubes, hoses, plates, sheets, threads, toys, heels, soles, molded footwear, hygienic and pharmaceutical products and other similar rubber products. It includes the retreading and vulcanization of tires and other rubber products.
Workers who carry out activities in the petroleum industry, such as: crude oil refining and basic petrochemicals. It includes the manufacture of gasolines, heavy oils, asphalts, paraffins and other products derived from crude oil refining.
Workers employed in the manufacture, assembly and repair of machinery, equipment and their parts, except electrical ones. Workers in the manufacture and assembly of machinery, equipment and implements for the construction, extractive, paper, cement, basic petrochemical and chemical industries, and the basic iron, steel and non-ferrous metal industries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
73. Acquired hemolytic anemia
ICD-11 code: 3A20, 3A21
Workers exposed in the publishing, printing and related industries: lithography, print shop, rotary press workers and screen printers. Chemical-pharmaceutical and medicine industries: packers, mixers and operators in drug processes. Workers in the mining industry, such as: borers, drillers, operators of mining extraction machinery and equipment. Workers in the petroleum industry, such as: petroleum refining and processing operators. Chemical industry: packers, mixers, operators and supervisors in the manufacture of chemical products.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
74. Other cardiac arrhythmias
ICD-11 code: BC9Y, BC9Z
Workers exposed in the preparation, handling and use of chlorinated and brominated hydrocarbons of the aliphatic series and of products containing them, especially in their use as fat extraction agents and as solvents.
Workers employed in the manufacture of certain disinfectants; anesthetics, antiseptics and other products of the pharmaceutical and chemical industries; synthetic polymers; mineral oil refining; manufacture and repair of refrigeration appliances and installations, and manufacture and use of paints, solvents, strippers, varnishes and latex.
Workers who use plaguicides, cleaning products and degreasers in dry cleaners, preparation and use of hairdressing lotions. Workers employed in the repair and refilling of fire extinguishers; degreasing and cleaning of metal parts. Likewise, those who use the causal agents in surgical anesthesia and basic diagnostic units.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
75. Arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease
ICD-11 code: BA00Z, BA04Y, BD40, BA42, BA51, BA51.Y
Workers exposed in the agricultural industry, such as: fumigation, disinfection and pest control services. It comprises companies that carry out fumigation, disinfection and pest control activities in agricultural plantations, and industrial, commercial, service and household establishments. Workers who use it as a component of rodenticides, and insecticides or parasiticides in the storage of agricultural products.
Workers employed in the chemical industry, such as: laboratory services for industry in general. It comprises companies engaged in providing laboratory services, independently, to various types of activities and industrial branches, such as: construction, metalworking, chemical, textile, metallurgical, pharmaceutical, food, agricultural and others; as well as those engaged in environmental diagnosis and control.
Workers exposed to carbon disulfide, such as: neoprene cements; rocket fuels, such as: solvent for oils, bromides, rubber, waxes, phosphates, fats, gutta-percha, resins, selenium, sulfides and iodides; in the manufacture of matches; extraction of volatile agents from flowers and extraction of sulfur; manufacture of mastics and glues; preparation of carbanilide as rubber vulcanization accelerators; paint and varnish removers or soil treatment, and carbon tetrachloride. Workers exposed to these substances in storage, application, maintenance, handling and production processes.
Workers who use nitric acid: varnishes, dyes, collodion, synthetic leather, explosives, lacquers, nitrocellulose, production of organic fertilizers and artificial silk.
Workers exposed to nitroglycerin, engaged in the manufacture of explosives and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Workers employed in the chemical-pharmaceutical and medicine industries. It comprises companies engaged in the industrial processing of chemical-pharmaceutical raw materials, through extraction, development, synthesis and other similar processes, as well as the manufacture of medicines and their conditioning and packaging. Workers engaged in the manufacture of perfumes and cosmetics. Workers who carry out the formulation, preparation and packaging of essences, perfumes, cosmetics, lotions, deodorants, hair fixatives and other toiletries.
Workers in photographic developing services. It comprises companies engaged in providing industrial photographic developing services. Workers in the textile industry engaged in the manufacture of artificial silk of the cellophane type, fibers, viscose and rayon. Workers employed in the manufacture of precast concrete products and parts. Likewise, it comprises companies that, on the basis of concrete, are engaged in the manufacture of pipes, blocks, beams, posts, partition bricks, modules for houses, washtubs and other precast concrete parts. Except asbestos-cement and granite products and parts and the assembly of the products mentioned, which are classified separately.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
76. Chronic peripheral venous insufficiency
ICD-11 code: BD74Z
Workers who remain standing or seated for prolonged periods or who walk for prolonged periods with or without handling heavy loads, such as: cashiers, mail carriers, land transportation drivers, surgeons, dentists, counter employees, operating room nurses, stevedores, stylists, hairdressers, waiters, police officers, secretaries, typographers, salespersons and watchmen.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
77. Other peripheral vascular diseases, hand-arm vibration syndrome (white finger disease, Raynaud's syndrome)
ICD-11 code: BE2Y, BD42.1
Workers exposed in the construction, chemical, pharmaceutical and health services industries.
Workers exposed to vibrations transmitted to the hand and arm by machines or by objects held on a vibrating surface (frequency range of 25 to 250 Hz). Jobs in which machinery transmitting vibrations is operated, such as: brush cutters, grinders, pneumatic hammers, drilling machines, polishers, punches, power saws, hammer drills and drills. Workers who use riveters and sealing guns.
Workers employed in the production and synthesis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) who are exposed to the monomer, such as in industries engaged in the manufacture of pipes, window profiles, waterproofing of sheets, roofs and floor covering products. Jobs in which the thenar and hypothenar regions of the hand are repeatedly pressed, striking against a fixed and rigid surface, as well as shocks transmitted to the hypothenar eminence by a percussive tool. Workers engaged in the manufacture of plastic bags, catheters, and plasma and blood or serum bags.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group IV. Mental disorders
78. Anxiety disorder
ICD-11 code: 6B00, 6B01, 6B02
Workers in the public and private sectors, related to health, education, transportation (land, air and maritime), customer service, public and private security, the armed forces, disaster and emergency response, as well as workers in industrial diving and in the commercial, industrial, banking and financial sectors. It may occur in any worker and job; its severity shall depend on the negative occupational psychosocial risk factors faced and the characteristics of exposure to them.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
79. Non-organic sleep-wake cycle disorders
ICD-11 code: 7A62, 7A64, 7A65
Workers in the public and private sectors, related to health, education, transportation (land, air and maritime), industrial diving, customer service, public and private security, the armed forces, disaster and emergency response, as well as workers in the commercial, industrial, banking and financial sectors. It may occur in any worker and job; its severity shall depend on the negative psychosocial factors faced and the characteristics of exposure to them.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
80. Disorders associated with stress (acute and adjustment)
ICD-11 code: 6B40, 6B43, QD85, 6E40 Workers in the public and private sectors, related to health, education, transportation (land, air and maritime), industrial diving, customer service, public security, the armed forces, disaster and emergency response, as well as workers in the commercial, industrial and banking sectors. It may occur in any worker and job; its severity shall depend on the negative occupational psychosocial factors faced and the characteristics of exposure to them.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
81. Depressive disorder
ICD-11 code: 6A70, 6A71, 6A72, 6A73, 6A7Z
Workers in the public and private sectors, related to health, education, transportation (land, air and maritime), customer service, public and private security, the armed forces, disaster and emergency response, as well as workers in industrial diving and in the commercial, industrial, banking and financial sectors. It may occur in any worker and job; its severity shall depend on the negative occupational psychosocial risk factors faced and the characteristics of exposure to them.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group V. Diseases of the respiratory system
82. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis
ICD-11 code: CA70.0, CA70.7, CA70.Y, CA70.Z
V.1.1 Bagassosis: preparation and opening of sugarcane bagasse bales.
V.1.2 Farmer's lung: removal of moldy hay stored in silos.
V.1.3 Bird keeper's lung: cleaning of bird droppings from cages and places where birds live.
V.1.4 Humidified air conditioning worker's lung: those engaged in cleaning the humidification systems of air conditioning installations.
V.1.5 Mushroom picker's lung: personnel who harvest mushrooms.
V.1.6 Suberosis: cork workers.
V.1.7 New Guinea lung: persons who install thatched roofs on houses in New Guinea and other countries.
V.1.8 Cheese washer's lung: personnel who wash fine cheeses fermented by molds.
V.1.9 Malt worker's lung: workers in malt cultivation and breweries.
V.1.10 Pituitary snuff taker's lung: substitute for hormones produced by the pituitary, when it is removed because of tumors.
V.1.11 Wheat weevil disease: personnel who harvest wheat and bakers.
V.1.12 Sequoiosis: forest rangers of the giant sequoias of California.
V.1.13 Maple bark handler's lung: workers in obtaining maple syrup.
V.1.14 Coffee handler's lung: coffee bean workers.
V.1.15 Hide tanner's and furrier's lung: workers in the tanning industry.
V.1.16 Lung of workers with fine mahogany and oak woods: mainly carpenters.
V.1.17 Sausage cleaner's lung: workers who produce and clean sausage-making machinery.
V.1.18 Mother-of-pearl lung: mother-of-pearl workers in jewelry and goldsmithing.
V.1.19 Insecticide manufacturing worker's lung: workers in insecticide production and fumigators in general.
V.1.20 Lung of plastics and epoxy resin industry workers: workers who make plastics and epoxy resins.
V.1.21 Soybean lung: personnel who produce and package soybean flour.
V.1.22 Candida lung: bakers who handle yeast for wheat, rye and soybean bread.
V.1.23 Diisocyanate lung: workers in the isocyanate industry (in the preparation of chemical mixtures, manufacture of seats and panels, and automotive painters).
V.1.24 Home electronic humidifier lung: persons who use this equipment.
V.1.25 Heavy metal disease: workers in the metallurgical industry.
V.1.26 Fish meal worker's lung: workers who produce and package fish meal.
V.1.27 Fertilizer worker's lung: workers in companies where fertilizers are manufactured and those who apply them.
V.1.28 Tobacco worker's disease: personnel working in cigar production.
V.1.29 Berylliosis: aerospace industry, electronics, mining, fiber optics, nuclear reactors, preparation of dental alloys, microwaves.
V.1.30 Lung caused by high exposure to biological or enzymatic detergents: workers in the detergent industry, such as packers in bags or boxes, and those exposed to Bacillus subtilis enzymes.
V.1.31 Paprika splitter's disease: workers in spice processing.
V.1.32 Sauna worker's lung: personnel working in buildings where there are saunas, sports centers and baths.
V.1.33 Coptic disease: persons who work with mummies.
V.1.34 Vineyard sprayer's lung: workers in vineyards.
V.1.35 Sericulturist's lung: persons engaged in raising silkworms.
V.1.36 Esparto disease (spartosis): workers who apply plaster to ceilings.
V.1.37 Japanese summer-type alveolitis: workers in factories without air conditioning in Japan in summer.
V.1.38 Machine operator's lung: workers exposed to lubricating fluids (cutting fluids and coolants).
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
83. Bronchitis or pneumonitis due to the inhalation of dusts, fumes, gases, vapors, sprays or mists of chemical agents that act as sensory and non-sensory irritants
ICD-11 code: CA81
Workers exposed to aldehydes, including acetaldehydes (acetic aldehyde, ethanol and ethyl aldehyde), acrolein, acraldehyde, acrylic aldehyde, allyl aldehyde, propenal and 2-propenal) and furfural (fural, 2 furancarboxaldehyde, furfuraldehyde and 2-furfuraldehyde), such as: workers engaged in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products, the synthetic rubber industry, handlers of these compounds or those exposed to combustion products, petrochemicals, plastics, chemicals and textiles.
Workers exposed to antimony trichloride and pentachloride acids, such as: workers in the alloy and organic catalyst industry.
Workers exposed to chloromethyl ethers, such as: workers in the chemical industry exposed to solvents and in the preparation of other organic compounds.
Workers exposed to diisocyanates (polyisocyanate and toluene 2,6 diisocyanate, naphthalene, diphenylmethane and 2,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate), such as: workers in the manufacture of enamels, polyurethane foams, insecticides, herbicides, lamination, furniture, automotive paint and work with resins.
Workers exposed to mercury, such as: workers exposed to seed preservation processes, brine electrolysis, manufacture of amalgams, manufacturers of thermometers, manometers, manufacture and handling of explosives, fungicides, mercury vapor lamps and their derivatives, as well as the handling of metals, electronic products, felt hats, workers in the pharmaceutical industry and in gold and silver mining.
Workers exposed to methyl sulfide, such as: workers who handle this compound in various industries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
84. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)
ICD-11 code: CA26.0
Workers exposed in the area of artificial flavorings containing diacetyl 2-3 butanedione.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
85. Allergic bronchial asthma and occupational asthma
ICD-11 code: CA23.0, CA23.3
a) High molecular weight substances
Workers such as: farmers and cattle ranchers, poultry farmers, bakers and grain handlers. Workers in the pharmaceutical industry. Workers in companies that manufacture so-called biological or enzymatic detergents. Veterinarians, animal facilities and personnel working with animals. Workers in the food and pharmaceutical industries and printers. Researchers, silk workers, health personnel or workers in gum manufacturing, fish food handlers.
Workers in food processing and gatherers, port stevedores, personnel working in its manufacture and nurses. Food handlers, sawmill workers and carpenters.
b) Low molecular weight substances
Workers in activities such as: dentists, dental prosthetists and glue handlers. Workers in the plastics and epoxy resin industry. Health services personnel. Workers in the pharmaceutical industry. Rubber workers. Workers in activities such as: spray painters, or personnel in the manufacture of plastics, polyurethane and insulation. Workers in the cosmetics and dye industry. Workers in hairdressing and beauty salons. Diamond polishers. Welders, tanners, chrome platers and workers in the cement industry. Plating workers. Refinery workers. Jewelers and artisans. Workers in the textile industry.
c) Common allergens
Factories of textiles, pillows, jackets and blankets. Bakeries. Food industry.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
86. Pneumoconiosis due to coal, hard coal and their derivatives
ICD-11 code: CA60.1, CA60.7, CA60.Y, CA60.Z
Workers in mining: miners exposed to coal or hard coal in its different varieties, which is used mainly as an energy source and is generally extracted from mines. Other industries, with exposed workers, in which varieties of coal are used, such as graphite, for the manufacture of pencil leads, the manufacture of crucibles, screens for foundries, in the manufacture of lubricants, paints, anode electrodes, bricks, blocks, cylinders, roof waterproofing compounds as filler, and to recarburize steel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
87. Silicosis, pneumoconiosis caused by abrasives and silicatosis
ICD-11 code: CA 60.0, CA60.00, CA60.0Y, CA60.0Z
Workers in mineral extraction industries, such as: mines, quarries, and in manufacturing industries where it is used in countless activities: highway construction, refineries, in the manufacture of ceramics, grinding of materials, polishing of parts, manufacture of abrasives, in the cosmetics industry, as fillers in papermaking, in the metals industry, et cetera.
Workers exposed to silica, silicon dioxide, silicic anhydride, free silica and silicon oxide. The main materials constituting the earth's crust, in which 3 varieties of silica exist, such as: i) Crystalline, which is the most aggressive: quartz, tridymite and cristobalite. ii) Amorphous, which ranks second in aggressiveness: diatomaceous earth or kieselguhr, 20 angstrom silica and vitreous silica. iii) Cryptocrystalline. The least used and least fibrogenic: flint, silex, opal and agate.
Workers exposed to silicates: silicates are formed by a molecule of silica or silicon oxide to which various other molecules are added.
The main silicates, with the exception of asbestos, are: talc, kaolin, mica and feldspar, as follows:
a) Talc. Its main use is in the cosmetics industry; finely ground asbestos is used as talc and is very aggressive to the lungs. It is also used in the pharmaceutical and paper industries, in the manufacture of sanitary ware and refractories, in ceramics and in the chemical industry.
b) Kaolin. It is used in the manufacture of fine porcelain-type ceramics, and in the rubber and cement industries.
c) Feldspar. It is used in the industry manufacturing everyday tableware, in the paper industry and in the construction industry.
d) Mica. It is used as an insulator in the electrical industry, for the manufacture of resistors for old irons, hair dryers and other electrical appliances, in the manufacture of illuminated signs, in ceramics, enamels, explosives and refractory glass.
Workers exposed to natural and synthetic abrasives that cause pneumoconiosis. Natural ones such as corundum, emery (aluminum oxides), silica, silicates, garnet (flint or silex, quartz), sand, sandstone, pumice stone, tripoli, talc, calcite, topaz, apatite, fluorite, gypsum, diamond and others. Workers exposed to synthetic substances, such as: aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and boron carbide, boron nitride, diamond and sapphire. Dental technicians and workers exposed to abrasives. The sources are loose grains bonded (with adhesives) to paper or cloth, in paste (mixed or as an unctuous substance), or compacted; wheels, discs, grindstones, stones, sharpeners; cleaners combined with soaps and detergents, for cutting, polishing, grinding to shape, as well as sandblasting and cleaning with compressed air.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
88. Asbestosis or amianthosis
ICD-11 code: CA 60.2 Workers engaged in the manufacture of pipes, water tanks and sheets, as reinforcement for vinyl tiles, to manufacture textiles such as firefighter clothing, brake pads, clutches, as electrical insulation material, as high-pressure insulation, in the manufacture of moldings, panels and roof coverings.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
89. Pneumoconiosis due to the inhalation and deposit of dusts and fumes of metallic minerals
ICD-11 code: CA60.4, CA60.5, CA60.6, CA60.8, CA 60.9, CA60.Y, CA60.Z
Workers exposed to the inhalation, as well as the deposit, of dusts and fumes of highly radiodense metals, such as tin, iron and barium, among others. They are mainly handled in extraction mines.
Workers exposed to tin, which is used to manufacture solder bars, for tinning and as an alloy with copper, bronze and zinc. Likewise, workers exposed to iron, which has numerous uses in the manufacture of kitchen utensils and in metal smelting, and is used by electric arc and oxyacetylene welders, silver polishers, iron turners and steel sharpeners. In the same vein, workers exposed to barium, which is used to increase volume, as a filler in paper, textiles, leather, soap, rubber, linoleum, cement, plastic, ceramics and glass; it is also used as an opaque medium for X-rays of the digestive, urinary and respiratory systems; in the chemical industry, to refine sugar, and to make insecticides and rodenticides.
Diseases caused by workers' exposure to other metals including, among others, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, beryllium, gallium, ruthenium, aluminum, palladium, copper, zinc, indium, manganese, gold and silver, such as: dental technicians; workers in the metallurgical and alloy industries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
90. Toxic effects caused by massive exposure to gases or vapors, mist or spray of chemical substances
ICD-11 code: NE61, PJ46
a) Simple asphyxiant substances
Workers exposed to acetylene: firefighters and workers exposed to the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons and organic materials.
Workers exposed to carbon dioxide: laborers working in oxidation processes in confined environments, cleaning and repair of vats, production of ammonia and calcium cyanamide.
Workers exposed to butane, ethane, ethylene, methane, propane, propylene. Workers in the acetylene production and purification industry, welders, workers in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Workers exposed to noble gases, such as: helium, neon, radon, xenon, argon, krypton. Workers in the refrigeration or cryogenic industry, in the manufacture of superconductors, light bulbs, lamps, halogen lamps and the manufacture of integrated circuits.
Workers exposed to nitrogen: workers in the petroleum industry, coal deposits, liquid gas, coke ovens and the petrochemical industry.
Workers who handle hydrogen, such as workers exposed during the combustion or fermentation of carbon compounds, carbonation of mineral waters and preparation of dry ice, well diggers and latrine cleaners.
Workers exposed to sulfur hexafluoride who, by reason of work, have exposure to these gases.
b) Chemical asphyxiant substances
Workers exposed to hydrogen cyanide arising from electroplating, metallurgy, production of organic chemical substances, photographic developing, manufacture of plastics, fumigation of ships and some mining processes.
Workers exposed to carbon monoxide. Workers in contact with blast furnaces, firefighters, boiler operators, gas heaters in small and poorly ventilated spaces, combustion producing large amounts of carbon monoxide such as combustion in motor vehicles, water gas, coal gas, producer gas, furnaces and confined spaces, miners, internal combustion engines and all cases of incomplete combustion of carbon.
Workers exposed to hydrogen sulfide. Workers in storage facilities for animal manure for fertilizer, fish holds, excavation projects for oil and gas extraction, spaces with decomposing organic matter, the metal products industry such as bronze padlocks, bronze goldsmithing, wastewater treatment plants, in contact with bleaches, sulfur combustion, food preservation, stampers, manufacture of sulfuric acid, fumigators, those exposed to hydrogen sulfide gases, fumes and vapors, miners working in sulfur mines, colored papers, preparation of sulfur dioxide in gaseous or liquid state, refrigeration and dyeing.
Workers who have direct exposure to substances that cause chemical asphyxia in the workplace and to chemical asphyxiant agents in large quantities that compete with oxygen, displacing it in arterial blood.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
91. Byssinosis (Monday asthma, Monday chest tightness or constriction), linosis and cannabinosis
ICD-11 code: CA 80.0
Workers exposed to cotton fibers contaminated with plant debris (Gossypium species), such as: workers who handle natural cotton fibers mainly in picking, gathering, cultivation, separation and packing operations, contaminated with plant debris in the early stages of the process in: spinning mills, rope works, manufacture of carpets, rugs, insulation, linings, bags, nets, sacks, paper, cloth, cord, tape, among others.
Workers exposed to flax fibers (Linum usitatissimum), such as: workers engaged in the cultivation, gathering, picking, separation, packing, transportation and use of flax fibers.
Workers exposed to hemp fibers (Cannabis sativa), such as: workers engaged in the cultivation, gathering, picking, separation, packing, transportation and use of hemp fibers.
Scientific evidence indicates that exposure to henequen, jute, sisal, lechuguilla, abaca, esparto, ixtle, cabuya and kenaf fibers contaminated with plant debris may cause the disease. Work with exposure to natural fibers contaminated with plant debris. Byssinosis does not occur with exposure to synthetic fibers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group VI. Diseases of the digestive system
92. Toxic liver disease with cirrhosis and fibrosis
ICD-11 code: DB91, DB93, DB95
Workers in the chemical industry exposed in the production of vinyl chloride, or in polymerization plants; workers exposed to halogenated derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as: dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tribromomethane, 2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, dichloropropane, chloropropylene, 2-chlorobutadiene, carbon tetrachloride. Workers exposed to arsenic and its compounds, halothane, isoniazid, acetaminophen and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
93. Toxic liver disease with acute hepatitis ICD-11 code: DB91, DB91.0
Workers in the chemical industry exposed in the production of vinyl chloride, or in polymerization plants; exposed to halogenated derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as: dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tribromomethane, 2-dichloroethane, trichloroethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethylene, dichloropropane, chloropropylene, 2-chlorobutadiene, carbon tetrachloride. Workers exposed to arsenic and its compounds, halothane, isoniazid, acetaminophen and aromatic hydrocarbons.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
94. Acid-peptic disease
ICD-11 code: DA22, DA42, DA60, DA61, DA63, DD90, DD91
Workers in the public and private sectors, related to health, education, transportation (land, air and maritime), customer service, public and private security, the armed forces, disaster and emergency response and care of critically ill patients, as well as workers in industrial diving and in the commercial, industrial, banking and financial sectors. It may occur in any worker and job; its severity shall depend on the negative occupational psychosocial risk factors faced and the characteristics of exposure to them.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group VII. Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissues
95. Other specified acne: occupational acne, elaioconiosis, hydrocarbon acne and chloracne. Acneiform dermatitis
ICD-11 code: ED-80.Y
Workers exposed to the causal agents, such as: actors, cooks in contact with fats, cosmetologists, machinists, laboratory workers, auto mechanics, models, roofers, lathe operators, workers in agriculture, asphalt roads, petroleum refineries, gum manufacturing and cutting oil handlers. Workers in the chemical and petrochemical industries who handle or are in contact with these substances.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
96. Allergic contact dermatitis
ICD-11 code: EK00
Workers in the construction industry, electrolytic chrome plating, photoengraving, photography, the textile industry, metalworking and dye works. Stomatologists, dentists, workers in rubber manufacturing, in the construction industry and in the manufacture of plastics. Workers in the tar, asphalt, paint, paraphenylenediamine-derived rubber product, chemical and ink industries. Workers in the petrochemical industry. Workers in beauty parlors, barbershops and beauty salons who are exposed to hair dye. Exposure to beauty products.
Workers in agriculture, in carpentry, in mushroom cultivation, stevedores of raw materials (meat, legumes, vegetables, among others), florists, gardeners and food handlers. Workers in the vanilla industry. Workers in production and packaging in the pharmaceutical industry.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
97. Irritant contact dermatitis
ICD-11 code: EK02.0
Outdoor workers, film artists, physiotherapy units, salt workers, welders, glaziers, cooks, bartenders, the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
Workers in the petroleum, petrochemical, chemical and ceramics industries, the manufacture of chlorine and chlorinated organic products (chlorine acne) and the manufacture, handling and use of hydrofluoric acid. Workers in glass etching, laboratories, bleaching, and the handling and preparation of sulfuric acid. Workers exposed to fatty acids and dioxin poisoning.
Workers engaged in the production and handling of these alkalis. Farmers, fumigators and fish stevedores. Foundry workers. Workers handling lime, preparing bleaching powder, cement, plaster, the chemical industry and bricklayers. Workers in the manufacture and use of those substances. Workers in the fertilizer, cement, rubber, linoleum, chemical, textile, dyeing and glass industries. Workers who use and handle these substances, such as: anilines, calcium cyanamide, dinitrochlorobenzene, formaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine, hydrocarbons and paraphenylenediamine. Workers exposed to heat: boilermakers, stokers, smelters, blacksmiths, kiln workers, bakers and glass workers. Workers exposed to cold: cold rooms, manufacture and handling of ice and refrigerated products.
Workers in activities such as: lightermen, hemp, loaders, carpenters, cart pushers, cooks, metal cutters, cane harvesters, seamstresses, draftsmen, cabinetmakers, clerks, stevedores, engravers, blacksmiths, spinners, gardeners, wool, laundresses, flax, marble workers, miners, musicians, bakers, combers and fiber handlers, hairdressers, stonecutters, ironers, polishers, tailors, hatters, coopers, vanilla growers, glaziers and shoemakers.
Workers in activities such as: tanners, wheat and flour spice handlers, bakers, hairdressers, shipyard workers who handle parasite-infested cereals, penicillin and other medicinal compounds. Varnishers, fullers, bleachers of fabrics by means of sulfur vapors, wool spinners and collectors, stonemasons, cooks, vegetable dyes, rag degreasers, cabinetmakers, nurses, spice workers, photographers, laboratory workers, launderers, dishwashers, petroleum and gasoline handlers, paint handlers, physicians, miners and metal salts.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
98. Abnormal skin pigmentation
ICD-11 code: ED64
Workers in activities related to non-automated developing, and to the rubber and vulcanization industries. Workers in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries exposed to hydroquinone. Users of protective equipment made of rubber. Workers exposed to heat sources.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
99. Dermatosis due to ionizing radiation, unspecified
ICD-11 code: EJ7Z
Workers in the nuclear industry, uranium mines and mines of other radioactive metals, in mineral processing and metallurgy, nuclear reactors, use of radioelements (gammagraphy, gamma and beta therapy and isotopes), and radiation generators, as well as X-ray and radium workers and technicians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
100. Contact urticaria
ICD-11 code: EB01.3 Farm workers, farmers, gardeners, cooks, medical and paramedical staff and pharmacists. Dairy workers, meat cutters and butchers. Semiconductor workers and others who use protective equipment made of latex, and hairdressers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group VIII. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
101. Disorders of the spine (cervical, dorsal and lumbar)
ICD-11 code: FA34, FA72.3, FA72.4, FA92.00, FB56.6
Workers in activities such as: drivers, delivery workers, heavy machinery operators, loaders and watchmen. Workers who, because of their work, remain in forced, non-ergonomic and fatiguing positions for prolonged periods. Activities requiring balance to be maintained with added loads, such as a helmet, heavy equipment and forced postures (industrial diving, artisanal fishing and port loaders).
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
102. Nonspecific chronic low back pain (mechanical-postural lumbago, lower back contracture, interspinous spondylopathy, low back pain and lumbago NOS)
ICD-11 code: ME84.2, ME84.2Z, FA72.1
Persons in activities such as: drivers, delivery workers, heavy machinery operators, loaders and watchmen. Workers who, because of their work, remain in uncomfortable, non-ergonomic and fatiguing positions for prolonged periods, with great strain on the lumbosacral part of the spine.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
103. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
ICD-11 code: FB55.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers whose activities require them to use their hands to hold tools for prolonged periods. Pneumatic machine, mechanical drills, similar tools, drills and riveting.
Workers in jobs such as: butchers, carpenters, packers, golfers, blacksmiths, rolling mill workers, steel plate hammerers and boilermakers, mechanics, construction laborers, cleaning staff, foundry polishers, stone carvers, tennis players, and all jobs that require the worker to use the hands to hold tools for prolonged periods.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
104. Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow)
ICD-11 code: FB55.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Activities that require the worker to use the hands to hold tools for prolonged periods. Pneumatic machine, mechanical drills, similar tools, drills and riveting.
Workers in jobs such as: butchers, carpenters, packers, golfers, blacksmiths, rolling mill workers, steel plate hammerers and boilermakers, mechanics, construction laborers, cleaning staff, foundry polishers, stone carvers, tennis players, and all jobs that require the worker to use the hands to hold tools for prolonged periods.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
105. Carpal tunnel syndrome (median nerve lesion)
ICD-11 code: 8C10.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in the manufacturing and electronics industries, slaughterhouses and butchers, the hotel industry, the textile industry, such as: garment makers, embroiderers, seamstresses, packers and weavers. Workers in floriculture, and in general any work involving repetitive, permanent movements of the arm, fingers and wrist and forced postures.
Workers in activities such as: cashiers, secretaries, typists, data entry clerks, seamstresses, dentists, electricians, packers, line assemblers, mechanics, string and percussion musicians, stone drillers, industrial painters, cleaning staff, poultry workers, laundry workers.
Workers in activities with tasks that require intense manual activity in terms of frequency and force, such as welders, carpenters, polishers and painters.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
106. Lesion of the ulnar nerve (Guyon's canal syndrome)
ICD-11 code: 8C10.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in the manufacturing industry, the electronics industry, the textile industry, such as: embroiderers, seamstresses, packers and weavers. Workers in slaughterhouses and butcher shops. Workers in the hotel industry (chambermaids and cooks). Workers in floriculture, garment makers, secretaries, typists, and in general any work involving repetitive, permanent movements of the arm, fingers and wrist and forced postures.
Workers in activities such as: cashiers, data entry clerks, seamstresses, dentists, electricians, packers, line assemblers, mechanics, string and percussion musicians, stone drillers, industrial painters, cleaning staff, workers with poultry, laundry workers. Workers in positions and jobs with tasks that require intense manual activity in terms of frequency and force, such as welders, carpenters, polishers and painters.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
107. Metatarsalgia
ICD-11 code: FB54.4, FB80.A, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in activities such as: drivers, tractor-trailer drivers and all those workers who use machines and instruments in which they must repetitively operate levers and pedals with the foot.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
108. Other specified osteochondropathies
ICD-11 code: FB82.Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in activities such as: carpenters, grinders, miners, pneumatic tool operators, drillers, polishers, all those workers who are subjected to segmental hand-arm vibration, and workers who operate pneumatic hammers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
109. Fibromatosis of the palmar fascia (Dupuytren's disease of the palm of the hand)
ICD-11 code: FB51.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in activities such as: rope makers, burnishers, engravers, operators of pneumatic hand tools, pneumatic hammers, miners, chainsaw operators, drill operators, mechanical drills and quarry workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
110. Radial styloid tendinitis (de Quervain's disease)
ICD-11 code: FB40.5, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Positions and jobs with tasks that require activities with forced postures and flexion-extension movements of the thumb. Persons who work as: anesthesiologists, surgeons, dentists, nurses and athletes: fencers, bowlers, tennis players, golfers and volleyball players. Rolling mill workers, blacksmiths and boilermakers, drillers and persons in manual activities: hammerers, carpenters, mechanics, waiters, seamstresses, porters, foundry polishers, riveters, stone carvers, workers who use pneumatic hammers, mechanical drills and similar and digital tools, and workers who use drop hammers in footwear factories. Data entry clerks and computer operators.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
111. Tendinitis of the shoulder (rotator cuff syndrome)
ICD-11 code: FB40.3, FB53.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in activities such as: bricklayers, warehouse workers, waiters, mail carriers, lathe operators, packers, auto assemblers, milling machine operators, mechanics who perform overhead assembly work, press operators, painters, welders who perform their work overhead, and all those workers who continuously perform shoulder abduction and flexion, who work with their hands above head height, carry loads on the shoulder or throw objects.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
112. Angioneurotic disorders (Raynaud's syndrome)
ICD-11 code: BD42.1, XB17, XB5G
Workers in activities such as: boilermakers, blacksmiths, rolling mill workers, operators of: vibrating tools, vibrating physical therapy devices, chainsaws, manual milking machines, drillers, foundry polishers, riveters, stone carvers, workers who use pneumatic hammers, mechanical drills and similar tools, workers who use drop hammers in footwear factories, and use of hand tools that hinder blood circulation and damage the vascular endothelium.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
113. Bursitis due to overuse or strain
ICD-11 code: FB50.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers who exert sustained pressure, such as: bricklayers, lightermen, stevedores, athletes, dancers, loaders, competitive sportspersons, soccer players, gardeners, miners, fishermen, workers in the ice and frozen food industry, and in other jobs in which pressure is exerted on certain joints.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
114. Dysbaric osteonecrosis
ICD-11 code: FB81.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to changes in barometric pressure, such as: recreational divers, artisanal fishing divers, industrial divers, military divers, scientific divers, technical divers, drain cleaning divers, excavators, underground miners and aerospace personnel, and attendants or assistants (tenders) inside hyperbaric chambers (physicians, nurses and divers); explorers, mountaineering guides, researchers, paleontologists and rescuers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group IX. Poisonings
115. Toxic effects of butyl alcohol
ICD-11 code: PH50, XM49S0
Workers in the chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries who use them as solvents in the manufacture of lacquers and varnishes; in the preparation of essences and dyeing materials. Personnel in charge of preparing hair lotions and aftershave lotions. Workers in the preparation of antifreezes, whose end product is acetone. Workers involved in the preparation of natural and synthetic resins, gums, vegetable oils, dyes and alkaloids. It is used as an intermediate substance in the manufacture of chemical and pharmaceutical products, and in the artificial leather, textile, safety goggle, rubber paste, lacquer varnish, raincoat, photographic film and perfume industries. It is also found in hydraulic brake fluids, industrial cleaners, polishes, paint strippers, flotation agents for minerals, fruit essences, perfumes and dyes.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
116. Toxic effects of methyl alcohol
ICD-11 code: PH50, XM7KD9
Workers in the chemical and petrochemical industries who use them as solvents in the manufacture of ink solvents, dyes, resins and adhesives. It is used in the manufacture of photographic film, plastics, textile soaps, wood stains, fabrics coated with synthetic resin, shatterproof glass and waterproofing products, strippers, paint and varnish removers, degreasing products, embalming fluids and antifreeze mixtures.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
117. Toxic effects of propyl alcohol
ICD-11 code: PH50, XM5RS7
Workers in the chemical, petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries who use them as solvents in the manufacture of lacquers and varnishes; in the preparation of essences and dyeing materials. Personnel in charge of preparing hair lotions and aftershave lotions. Workers in the preparation of antifreezes, whose end product is acetone.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
118. Toxic effects of arsenic and its compounds
ICD-11 code: PE95, PH56, XM2KQ2, XM00Z1
Ceramics workers, as well as arsenic handlers, ore and metal smelters, the dye, insecticide, herbicide, ceramics and textile industries, other preparations for household use, colored paper, paints, arsenic plants, rodenticides, tanneries and dye works, the glass industry, the electronics industry and electroplating.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
119. Toxic effects of benzene
ICD-11 code: PB31, PH51, XE3SH, XM0QY7
Workers in the chemical, electrosurgery and laser surgery, refining and petrochemical industries and in custom tailoring of clothing, footwear manufacture and repair, tanning and finishing of leather and hides: tanners, furriers, taxidermists, entomologists and shoemakers who handle these benzaldehyde solvents, gas station employees, storage and transportation of benzene and petroleum products containing benzene, graphic arts and printing, varnishes and lacquers, ceramics, dyes, clothing, detergents, explosives (TNT), manufacture of benzoic acid, manufacture of nitrocellulose, footwear and fur manufacturers, photoengraving, the lacquer industry, the footwear industry, the rubber industry, lubricants, tire manufacturing and vulcanization, medicines, paints, plaguicides, textiles, dye works, tinctures, plastics, pigments, explosives, detergents, perfumes, workers in coke ovens in the steel and glass industries, manufacture of styrene, phenols, maleic anhydride.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
120. Toxic effects of petroleum and hard coal derivatives
ICD-11 code: PB31, PH51, XM0TB3, XM2CE3, XM2Q78, XM8PX9, XM7MJ9, XM8WE9 Workers in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and service industries, such as: firefighters and service station employees and gas station workers, the coal industry, gasoline truck drivers, in loading and unloading areas and docks, manufacture of oils, lubricating greases and additives, manufacture of perfumes, manufacture of products based on asphalt and its mixtures, manufacture of hard coal and coke, the petroleum and petrochemical industries, those who maintain and remove gasoline storage tanks and underground pipelines, those who identify and clean up gasoline spills and leaks, and petroleum refineries.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
121. Toxic effects of halogenated derivatives of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, unspecified: hexachloroethane
ICD-11 code: PB35, PH55, XM0TE1
Workers exposed in the making of plastic arts and restoration, in cleaning articles for metal parts, during degreasing processes, paint formulation, printing, the printing and graphic arts industry, paints and prints, developing and restoration processes. It may be found mixed with other organic solvents in cleaning articles, insecticides, lubricants and plastics.
Workers in the manufacture of smoke bombs, aluminum foundries and the military industry. Workers who use it to degrease aluminum and other metals. The substance may be present in certain fungicides, insecticides, lubricants and plastics.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
122. Toxic effects of halogenated derivatives of aromatic hydrocarbons: chlorinated naphthalenes and chlorinated diphenyls
ICD-11 code: PB35, PH55, XM1YR6, XM8D04
Workers who use them as electrical insulators, workers in the extraction of additives for concrete, coal tar, phthalic anhydride (production of plasticizers for PVC), tanning agents, manufacture of dyes, for components of solvents for plaguicides (moth repellents) and wetting substances in the textile industry, workers in the additives industry, the electronics industry, plaguicides and textiles.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
123. Toxic effects of sulfur dioxide
ICD-11 code: PB36, PH56, XM0Z74
Workers in industrial activities such as: tanneries, paper mills, coke ovens, food processing, petroleum refineries, diesel engine workshops, washing facilities, refueling areas, load testing areas, production of paper pulp, starch, sulfites and thiosulfates, workers in food, detergents, photography and chemicals, workers in calcination, smelting and bleaching processes, in contact with sulfur dioxide gases, fumes and vapors.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
124. Toxic effects of chlorinated organic solvents: tetrachloroethane and dichloroethane
ICD-11 code: PB31, PE91, PH51, XM4D89, XM1AF0
Workers who handle these substances as solvents for oils, waxes, wool degreasing, dilution of lacquers, gums, fats, rubbers, the fur, rubber and leather tanning industries and the chemical industry, resins, workers in gasket factories, floor waxers, lacquers, paints, oil and fat processors, resins, dye works and dry cleaners.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
125. Toxic effects of halogenated organic solvents: methyl bromide (bromomethane) and fluorinated derivatives of halogenated hydrocarbons
ICD-11 code: PB31, PE91, PH51, PH55, XM0NK1
Workers who use them as refrigerants, fungicides, insecticides, preparation of fire extinguishers, fruit and cereal preservation factories, as well as workers employed in the rubber industries, disinfection of soil, water and swimming pools, carpet and plastics factories, gum factories, the paper and textile industries, the photographic industry, gasoline refineries, environmental sanitation, and laboratory and greenhouse workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
126. Toxic effects of halogenated organic solvents: chloroform
ICD-11 code: PB35, PH55, XM7MX5
Workers who handle these substances as solvents, fumigants, refrigerants, fire extinguishers, dye works and dry cleaning, workers in the chemical industry where it is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis to obtain fluorocarbon 22, and in the manufacture of tetrafluoroethylene and its polymer (PTFE).
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
127. Toxic effects of halogenated organic solvents: carbon tetrachloride
ICD-11 code: PB35, PH55, XM3CP7
Workers who handle these substances as solvents, fire extinguishers, fumigants, metal cleaners and degreasers, refrigerants, dye works and dry cleaning, workers in the electrical industry and the manufacture of electrical conductors, workers in the chemical industry where it is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis to obtain polyfluorinated hydrocarbons and polymers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
128. Toxic effects of diuretics, other drugs, medicines and biological substances, unspecified
ICD-11 code: NE60, PB28, XM4U75, XM2NF0
Workers in charge of the manufacture, formulation and packaging of these substances in the chemical-pharmaceutical industry.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
129. Toxic effects of phosphorus and its compounds
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM2AZ6, XM3G46
Workers in contact with phosphorated hydrogen (phosphine), gases produced during the preparation of fumigants, in the generation of acetylenes and the hydrolysis of phosphides.
Workers in the manufacture of alloys, catalysis in the petroleum industry, phosphorus compounds or white phosphorus derivatives, manufacture of phosphor bronze, manufacture of explosives, manufacture of semiconductors, phosphorated hydrogen, insecticides, parasiticides, pyrotechnics and rodenticides.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
130. Toxic effects of formaldehyde gases, fumes and vapors
ICD-11 code: PB36, PE95, PH56, XM0TV9
Workers in contact with formaldehyde gases, fumes and vapors. The main sets of circumstances leading to occupational exposure are:
a) The first is related to the production of aqueous formaldehyde solutions (formalin) and their use in the chemical industry, for example, for the synthesis of different resins, as a preservative in medical or cosmetic laboratories, embalming fluids and as a disinfectant.
b) A second group is related to their release from the hydrolysis and heat decomposition of formaldehyde-based resins in which it is present as a residue, for example, during the manufacture of wood, textile products, synthetic vitreous insulation products and plastics.
c) The third set is related to the pyrolysis or combustion of organic matter, for example, in exhaust gases or in firefighting.
Workers in related economic activities: firefighters, the construction industry, fiber and wood crafts, painting, electrosurgery and laser surgery, embalming and anatomy laboratories, manufacture of formaldehyde and formaldehyde-based resins, manufacture of melamine and bakelite, manufacture of wood, paper and plastic products, manufacture of textiles, clothing and fur goods, plywood factories, furniture factories, paper, rubber, silk and explosives factories, foundries, histopathology and disinfection in hospitals, the photography industry, insulating foam industries, glass fiber production, plastic and rubber production, repair and maintenance of engine exhaust pipes.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
131. Toxic effects of glycol. Glycol monochlorohydrin (ethylene chlorohydrin, 2-chloroethanol)
ICD-11 code: PE91, PB31, XM1762, XM0C04, XM55M8, XM3834, XM5HK4 Workers in activities such as: textile finishing, lacquer composition, cleaning agents, cellulose ether solvent and handling of manures and fertilizers, manufacture of explosives, the automotive industry, the pharmaceutical industry, the typographic industry, petroleum refineries, workers exposed during the manufacture of ethylene oxide and glycols.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
132. Toxic effects of manganese and its compounds
ICD-11 code: 5B91.5, PE95, PB36, PH56, 6D84.Y, 8A00.2Y, XM3FY4, XM9ZR0
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
133. Toxic effects of mercury and its compounds
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM1FG4
Workers in activities such as: seed preservation, brine electrolysis and the chlorine industry, manufacture and handling of explosives, the precision instrument industry: thermometers, sphygmomanometers, barometers; the chlor-alkali industry, measurement of petroleum in reservoir samples, fungicides, the cement manufacturing industry (dusts produced by kilns), the organic chemical industry for the production of acetylene, the chemical-pharmaceutical industry, mercury vapor lamps, handlers of the metal and its derivatives, miners (in mercury mines) and felt hats.
Professional activity of assistants, medical secretaries, dentists and dental prosthetists.
Workers in the bronzing industry, tanneries, damascening, gilding, nickel plating and silver plating, and gold and silver mines.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
134. Toxic effects of carbon monoxide
ICD-11 code: PE92, PH52, XM1X11
Workers in contact with blast furnaces, firefighters, boilermakers, gas heaters in small and poorly ventilated spaces, combustion producing large amounts of carbon monoxide, with combustion in motor vehicles, water gas, coal gas, producer gas, furnaces and confined spaces, miners, mechanical maintenance, fusion welders, gas pressure welders, metal arc welders, oxy-fuel cutting of metals, internal combustion engines and all cases of incomplete combustion of coal.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
135. Toxic effects of other inorganic substances
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM6YR0
Workers in the manufacture of electrical applications, mattresses and upholstery, automobile tires, discs, in the production of resins, in the production of plastic pipes and conduits, sheets and bottles, toys, plastic materials and their use in refrigerators, household furniture, films, floor coverings, and workers exposed to fumes from combustion engines.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
136. Toxic effects of other chemical substances. Tetrahydrofuran, aniline and its compounds, benzidine, alpha-naphthylamine, beta-naphthylamine and para-diphenyldiamine
ICD-11 code: NE61, XM5XP8, XM76E2, XM6PE4, XM9WX0
Workers in activities such as: manufacture of antioxidants, varnishes and explosives, dyes, plastic containers for the food industry, stabilizers for the rubber industry, explosives, manufacture of herbicides, the textile industry, glues, synthetic paints, polyurethane, pharmaceutical products, agricultural chemicals, chemicals, resins and inks.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
137. Toxic effects of other halogenated derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Methyl chloride (chloromethane) and methylene chloride (dichloromethane)
ICD-11 code: NE61, PB35, PH55, XM29D2, XM73T7
Workers who use methyl chloride as a refrigerant or methylene chloride as a blowing agent in foams, stain remover, local anesthetic, aerosol component, degreaser, solvent, paint removers, pharmaceutical and food extraction, fumigant, the paint industry, the photographic industry, solvent mixtures for cellulose esters and ethers, special photographic films, plaguicides, fabric coatings and tanning, refrigeration and taxidermists.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
138. Toxic effects of other organic solvents. Carbon disulfide
ICD-11 code: PB31, PH51, NE61, PE91, XM7S46
Workers exposed during its production or in the use of the solvent in the brightening of precious metals in electroplating, cellophane, as a plaguicide and herbicide, as an agent to increase the resistance of metals to corrosion and wear, optical glass, in the conversion and processing of hydrocarbons, in the extraction of oils and fats, in the petroleum refining industry and in paraffins, in the preparation of camphor, fats and lacquers, manufacture of viscose, gums and resins, manufacture of matches, blowtorch lubricant, the electrical semiconductor industry, inhibitor in the polymerization of vinyl chloride, production of wood adhesives, flotation agents, resins, thiocyanates and xanthates, petroleum purification, rayon, metal oxide remover and for the removal and recovery of metals and other elements from wastewater and other media, cold vulcanization of rubber, vulcanization and manufacture of rubbers and rubber accessories, and instant photography.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
139. Toxic effects of other specified gases, fumes and vapors. Carbon dioxide
ICD-11 code: MD11.Y, NE61, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM8XZ6
Workers in the soft drink industry, in diving-related activities, in fertilizer factories, fire extinguisher factories, carbonation of mineral waters, dry ice, artificial fog and preparation of carbonic snow, the food industry, latrine cleaners and well diggers, workers exposed during the combustion or fermentation of carbon compounds.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
140. Toxic effects of other specified gases, fumes and vapors (fluorine gas and hydrogen fluoride)
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, CA81.Y, NE61 Workers in the preparation of wood varnishing, bleaching, silk coloring, as cement waterproofing agents, manufacture of non-stick coatings, fluorine and fluorinated compounds, etching, the glass industry, aluminum and beryllium metallurgy, preparation of insecticides and rodenticides, preparation of hydrofluoric acid, welding, superphosphates and compounds. Likewise, it is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of other fluorinated organic substances.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
141. Toxic effects of nitro and amino derivatives of benzene and its homologues. Nitrobenzene and trinitrotoluene (3-nitrotoluene)
ICD-11 code: NE61, XM2W93, XM1X35
Workers in activities related to the manufacture of: accelerators and antioxidants in the rubber industry and in its cold vulcanization, shoe polishes, as an adulterant to replace the natural essence of bitter almonds, petroleum derivatives, explosives, manufacture of liquors, fungicides, the chemical industry as intermediate products in the synthesis of aniline and tar derivatives, insecticides, perfumes, plastics, fabrics, preparation of varnishes, pharmaceutical preparations, floor polishes, synthetic resins, photographic developers, workers in the production or handling of nitrobenzene, toluidines, trinitrotoluene and xylidines.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
142. Toxic effects of other specified gases, fumes and vapors: nitrogen oxide
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM69M3
Workers in contact with nitrogen oxide gases, fumes and vapors, welders and cutters, those who operate forage grass and corn silos. Workers exposed to diesel engine fumes, as well as those who carry out activities in the nitric acid pickling of brass and copper articles, manufacture of dyes, explosives, lacquers and nitrocellulose, photoengraving and rotogravure.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
143. Toxic effects of other specified gases, fumes and vapors: hydrogen sulfide
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM7FL0 Workers in activities related to the storage of animal manure for fertilizer, fish holds, excavation projects for the extraction of oil or gas, confined spaces with decomposing organic matter, the metal products industry such as bronze padlocks and bronze goldsmithing, tanneries, wastewater treatment plants, workers in contact with bleaching, sulfur combustion, food preservation, stampers, manufacture of sulfuric acid, fumigators, hydrogen sulfide gases, fumes and vapors, miners (in sulfur mines), colored papers, preparation of sulfur dioxide in gaseous and liquid state, refrigeration and dyeing.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
144. Toxic effects of other gases, fumes and vapors: chlorine gas
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM0GT6
Workers in the preparation of chlorine and chlorinated compounds, as a disinfectant, in the form of solvents, manufacture of plastics and polymers, manufacture of textiles and paper, agrochemical and pharmaceutical products, purifiers and bleaches, electrical semiconductors, workers in the aluminum, cryolite and Teflon industries. Likewise, it is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of other substances in which it is not contained in the final product.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
145. Toxic effects of plaguicides. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 4,6- dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC)
ICD-11 code: PB33, PH53, NE61, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM32P2, XM1ZR2
Workers who use these compounds as antipyretics, applications in the synthesis of analgesics, applicators of fungicides and plaguicides, carpenters, waxes, wood preservation, in the manufacture of dyes and resins, fungicides and insecticides, gums, impregnating agent for fibers and resistant textiles for clothing, plastics, port workers and forestry use.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
146. Toxic effects of lead and its compounds ICD-11 code: NE61, 8D43.0Y, 8D43.2Y, GB55.1, FA25.10, CA60.Y, MA13.00, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM0ZH6
Workers with white lead, rubber, anticorrosives, varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamel and lacquers, manufacturers of cans for preserves, lead smelters, printers, the accumulator, battery, insecticide, toy and pigment industries, painters, plumbers, welding, pipes, workers in the manufacture and handling of cleaning products, organic lead, preparation of fuels and welding of containers holding it, workers in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
147. Toxic effects of rodenticide. Thallium sulfate
ICD-11 code: PE93, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM2KK3, XM9YD2
Workers in activities such as: application of rodenticides based on thallium sulfate and other derivatives containing the metal in general, the glass industry, packaging, manufacture, formulation and transportation, makers of low-temperature thermometers (-60°C or lower), infrared spectrometers and other optical systems, manufacture of thallium-activated sodium iodide crystals to detect gamma radiation, manufacturers of thallium oxysulfide receivers, photoelectric cells and infrared radiation transmitters, and preparation of thallium salts for fireworks.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
148. Toxic effects of benzene homologues, toluene and xylene
ICD-11 code: PB31, PH51, PB36, PE95, PH56, NE61, PE91, XM00E9, XM0D44
Workers in the chemical and petrochemical industries and in custom tailoring of clothing, manufacture of electrical cables, metal wires, footwear, tanning and finishing of leather and hides: tanners, furriers, taxidermists and shoemakers who handle these solvents, as well as in the following industries: benzyl aldehyde, graphic arts and printing processes, varnishes, dyes, clothing, nail enamels, explosives, manufacture of benzoic acid, manufacture of nitrocellulose, photoengraving, rubber, the footwear industry, the rubber industry, the petrochemical industry, lacquers, rubber and plastic glues, glues and adhesives, fur and leather tanning, paints, textiles, ceramics, dye works, wood stains and lacquers, trinitrotoluene (TNT) and glass.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
149. Toxic effects of zinc and its compounds
ICD-11 code: MA18.1, PE95, PB36, NE61, XM1U95
Workers in activities such as: brass smelting or welding of galvanized metals, metal smelters and welders and galvanizing or tinning. Some of its derivatives are used as pigments and in rubber vulcanization. Zinc chloride is used in dry cell batteries, dental cement and deodorant, wood and hide preservatives, smelting and welding fluxes, and oil refining.
Workers in the match industry, enamels, cosmetics factories, opalescent glass factories, plaguicides, porcelain, pharmaceutical products, cement, glass, white glue and rodenticides. Purified metallic zinc is molded and cast for electrical equipment, tools, toys, machinery and automotive parts, and zinc alloyed with copper forms brass.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
150. Diseases caused by hormones and their synthetic substitutes and antagonists
ICD-11 code: NE60, PE88, PB28, PH48, XM6W81, XM5XB7, XM93X7
Workers in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries who synthesize hormonal products: oral contraceptives; androgens and their anabolic congeners, antigonadotropins, antiestrogens and antiandrogens, not elsewhere classified; other estrogens and progestogens, thyroid hormones and other hormones and synthetic substitutes.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
151. Diseases caused by exposure to antibiotics
ICD-11 code: PE88, PB28, PH48, PC98
Workers in charge of the manufacture, formulation and packaging of these substances in the chemical-pharmaceutical industry. Health sector workers, veterinarians and pharmaceutical laboratory operators.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
152. Poisoning by other plaguicides. Organochlorines
ICD-11 code: PE93, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM41B3, XM5E09
Workers in activities such as: storage, distribution and transportation of the plaguicide, the synthesis and formulation industry, environmental sanitation and pest and vector control work, work in the production and handling of the organochlorine plaguicides aldrin and dieldrin, and work in which the plaguicide is applied in agricultural tasks manually and by aircraft.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
153. Poisoning by organophosphate and carbamate plaguicides
ICD-11 code: 8D43.2Y, NE61, PE93, PB33, PH53, XM7154, XM96H3, XM14N6, XM0G23, XM7SU5, XM5F29
Workers in activities such as: storage, distribution and transportation of the plaguicide, the synthesis and formulation industry, work in the production and handling of organophosphate and carbamate plaguicides, work in which the plaguicide is applied in agricultural tasks manually and by aircraft, environmental sanitation and pest and vector control work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
154. Tetrachloroethylene poisoning
ICD-11 code: NE61, PB35, PH55, XM3DA8
Workers with fabric conditioners, adhesives, anesthesiologists, degreasing of metal and wool articles, manufacture of silicone lubricants, laundries, brake manufacturing, wood cleaning products, stain removers and water repellents. Employees of laundries and dry cleaners.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
155. Envenomation by arthropod bite: spider (latrodectism) ICD-11 code: PG68, XE6UV
Workers in agricultural and livestock, forestry, hunting and fishing activities, not previously classified, domestic workers, cleaning workers, ironers, gardeners, gardener's helpers, biologists and specialists in marine sciences and oceanographers, agronomists, civil and construction engineers, engineers in topography, hydrology, geology and geodesy, architects, urban and transportation planners, assistants and technicians in the biological, chemical and environmental sciences, fumigators and pest controllers, warehouse and storeroom control supervisors and workers, room attendants and chambermaids, collectors of garbage and recyclable material.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
156. Envenomation by arthropod bite: loxoscelism
ICD-11 code: PA78, XM6NN5, XM7JS2
Workers in agricultural and livestock, forestry, hunting and fishing activities, not previously classified; domestic workers, cleaning workers, ironers and gardeners, gardener's helpers; biologists and specialists in marine sciences and oceanographers, agronomists, civil and construction engineers, engineers in topography, hydrology, geology and geodesy, architects, urban and transportation planners, assistants and technicians in the biological, chemical and environmental sciences, fumigators and pest controllers, warehouse and storeroom control supervisors and workers, room attendants and chambermaids, collectors of garbage and recyclable material.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
157. Envenomation by arthropod sting: scorpion
ICD-11 code: NE61, XM9DM8
Workers in agricultural and livestock activities; forestry, hunting and fishing, not previously classified; domestic workers, cleaning workers, ironers and gardeners; gardener's helpers; biologists and specialists in marine sciences and oceanographers; agronomists; civil and construction engineers; engineers in topography, hydrology, geology and geodesy; architects, urban and transportation planners; assistants and technicians in the biological, chemical and environmental sciences; fumigators and pest controllers; warehouse and storeroom control supervisors and workers; room attendants and chambermaids; collectors of garbage and recyclable material.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
158. Envenomation by snakebite (ophidism)
ICD-11 code: NE61, XM4KN1
Workers in agricultural and livestock, forestry, hunting and fishing activities, not previously classified; domestic workers, cleaning workers, ironers and gardeners, gardener's helpers; biologists and specialists in marine sciences and oceanographers; agronomists; civil and construction engineers; engineers in topography, hydrology, geology and geodesy; architects, urban and transportation planners; assistants and technicians in the biological, chemical and environmental sciences; fumigators and pest controllers; warehouse and storeroom control supervisors and workers; room attendants and chambermaids; collectors of garbage and recyclable material.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
159. Toxic effects of chromium and its compounds
ICD-11 code: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM9YJ8
Workers in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Chemical analyst, assistants in the chemical and biological sciences. Construction workers, steel producers, welders, chrome platers and electroplating workers, pigment manufacturers, dental technician, among others.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
160. Toxic effects of cadmium and its compounds
ICD-11 code: GB55.1, NE61, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM0V73
Workers in metal refining and smelting, in battery production plants, in plastics plants using cadmium, welders, in electroplating processes (plating, coating, galvanizing) of metals, in construction, recyclers of electronic parts, plastics recyclers, shipyards, in municipal waste incineration plants, agricultural workers. Garbage collectors and sorters.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group X. Diseases of the eye and ear
161. Conjunctival or subconjunctival degenerations or deposits (ocular argyrosis)
ICD-11 code: 9A61.6
Workers exposed to silver salts, silver extraction miners, handlers of the metal and its derivatives, chasers, glass bead manufacturers, photographers, goldsmiths, silversmiths, polishers, laboratory chemists and activities related to exposure to the agent.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
162. Blepharoconjunctivitis (blepharoconiosis)
ICD-11 code: 9A60.4
Workers exposed in activities such as sharpeners, potters, quarry workers, charcoal makers, cement workers, mattress makers, grinders, manufacturers of aluminum and copper objects, wool workers, mercury handlers, miners, bakers, furriers, polishers and plasterers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
163. Other specified cataracts (radiation cataracts)
ICD-11 code: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, such as smelters, blacksmiths, oxyacetylene welders, glassworkers, technicians and personnel in atomic energy and other sources of radiant energy. Workers exposed in the manufacture and handling of X-ray equipment, as well as technicians, X-ray unit personnel and industrial inspection diving.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
164. Other specified cataracts (cataract due to electrical radiation) ICD-11 code: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to voltaic arc light during the distribution, production and transmission of electricity, electric furnaces and electric welding.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
165. Other specified cataracts (toxic cataract)
ICD-11 code: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed in all activities related to the production of adhesives for concrete, plasticizers for PVC (phthalic anhydride), flavorings, dyes, solvent components for plaguicides, tanning agents, wetting substances in the textile industry, and chemical and pharmaceutical products.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
166. Conjunctivitis due to pathogenic germs. Mucopurulent conjunctivitis
ICD-11 code: 9A60.Y, 9A60.3, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agents, such as dentists, nurses, paramedics, laboratory workers, physicians, health personnel and veterinarians.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
167. Acute atopic conjunctivitis (retinopathies specified as due to chemical agents and allergens)
ICD-11 code: 9A60.01, 9A60.02, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agents in the chemical and pharmaceutical, cellulose, textile and pharmaceutical industries, as well as agricultural workers. Workers exposed to chemical substances, such as: farmworkers, farmers, agronomists, latrine cleaners, bakers, well diggers, glaziers and personnel in contact with artificial fibers. Health personnel and members of the armed forces.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
168. Mild visual impairment and moderate visual impairment
ICD-11 code: 9D90.1, 9D90.2, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agent in the chemical and electronics industries, plastics manufacturing, production of chlor-alkali compounds, germicides and manufacture of dental amalgams. Workers exposed to organic mercury, such as: agricultural workers, farmworkers, farmers, agronomists, dental technicians and dentists.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
169. Effects of noise on the inner ear (bilateral cortipathy due to chronic acoustic trauma)
ICD-11 code: AB37
Workers exposed to the causal agent in the metallurgical, construction, metalworking, aviation, mining, textile and military industries. Workers who perform activities of cutting; shearing; rolling; wire drawing; stretching and drilling of metal parts; manufacture, use and destruction of munitions and explosives, and abrasion and hydraulic work.
Workers exposed in the operation of machinery; generators; grinding of stones and minerals; repair and operation of electric power motors, turbines and any high-power engine; weapons testing, and the use of pneumatic tools, such as: hammers, drills, borers and compressors. Workers exposed as aviators, ground crew, mechanics, radiotelegraph operators, weavers, cone winders, spinners, telephone operators, telegraph operators, musicians, discotheque workers, audio engineers and disc jockeys (DJs).
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
170. Strabismus or disorders of ocular motility, unspecified
ICD-11 code: 9C8Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to carbon disulfide and lead in the plastics industries using lead-based additives, artisanal pottery, ceramics, glassware, putties, and paints and dyes containing that metal. Workers in activities involving white lead, varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamels, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting.
Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, pyrotechnic articles, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products. Workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps. Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers, welders of metals containing lead, and workers who have exposure to the causal agents in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
171. Glaucoma, unspecified (toxic glaucoma)
ICD-11 code: 9C61. Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed in the production, handling, storage, distribution and transportation of organophosphorus insecticides; environmental sanitation work; pest and vector control, and in agricultural tasks manually and by aircraft. Workers in activities such as anesthesiologists, aerial fumigators, agronomists, farm workers in contact with insecticides and fumigation staff.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
172. Hearing damage due to ototoxic agents (hearing loss and vestibulopathies due to ototoxic agents)
ICD-11 code: Y AB53; AB32.5; AB32.Y
Workers exposed in agriculture, in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, glassware, ceramics, pottery, to dyes containing lead, mining, printing, paints, textiles, plastics, those using lead-based additives, and the extraction of oils, waxes and fats.
Workers exposed in the manufacture of vulcanization accelerators, rubber, dental amalgams, lead ammunition, pyrotechnic articles, plaguicides, fungicides, germicides, rayon, thiocompounds, xanthates, production of chlor-alkali compounds and compounds with carbon disulfide, such as: cellophane and artificial sponges. Health personnel and members of the armed forces.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
173. Disorders of the optic nerve ICD-11 code: 9C40.1, 9C40.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agents in agriculture and in the chemical, textile and mining industries.
Workers exposed during the production of carbon disulfide, cellophane, rayon, solvents, rubber, artificial sponges, extraction of oils, fats and waxes, lacquers, wood adhesives, flotation agents, vulcanization accelerators, plaguicides, resins, thiocyanates and xanthates.
Workers exposed to thallium in the manufacture of photoelectric cells, optical glass for use in spectrophotometers, cellophane paper, tungsten lamps, production of artificial precious stones, rodenticides, thermometers and in its use as a catalyst in the activation of phosphorus.
Workers exposed to lead in the plastics industries using lead-based additives, artisanal pottery, ceramics, glassware, putties, and paints and dyes containing that metal.
Workers in activities involving white lead, varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamels, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting.
Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, pyrotechnic articles, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products.
Exposed workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps.
Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers, welders of metals containing lead, and workers who have exposure to the causal agents in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
174. Trigeminal nerve disorder
ICD-11 code: 8B82, XS5B, XS5D, XS9Q, XS2E
Workers exposed to the causal agent in factories of cleaning articles, paints and writing correction fluid. Workers in activities of cleaning metal parts, degreasing, laundries and dye works.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
175. Infectious diseases of the external ear, unspecified (infectious otitis externa, swimmer's ear)
ICD-11 code: AA0Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers in aquatic activities involving immersion in water, such as divers other than recreational divers, swimming instructors, professional swimmers, high divers and aquaculture workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
176. Suppurative otitis media, chronic tubotympanic
ICD-11 code: AA91.0
Workers exposed to repeated changes in barometric pressure in activities such as diving other than recreational, explorers, mountaineering guides, researchers, paleontologists, pilots, rescuers, flight attendants, underground miners, underwater and aerospace workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
177. Nonsuppurative otitis media, unspecified (serous otitis media)
ICD-11 code: AA8Z
Workers exposed to excessive temperatures, gases, mists or vapors of irritant or sensitizing substances (ammonia or chlorine), humidity and air velocity.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
178. Suppurative otitis media, unspecified
ICD-11 code: AA9Z Workers in aquatic activities involving immersion in water, such as divers, marine researchers, swimming instructors, professional swimmers, high divers and aquaculture workers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
179. Disorders of vestibular function, unspecified (disease or disorder of the labyrinth of the ear due to vibration)
ICD-11 code: AB34.Z
Workers with prolonged exposure to whole-body vibration during the operation of forklifts, lift trucks, articulated and non-articulated trucks, mopeds, vans, buses, streetcars, tractors, railroads, armored combat vehicles, all-terrain vehicles, high-speed vessels, fixed-wing aircraft, aerospace vehicles and helicopters. Likewise, workers who use forestry machines, mine and quarry machinery, earthmoving machinery, such as: bulldozers, loaders, draglines, excavators, motor graders, compaction rollers and dump trucks. Operators of fixed-base visual simulators or giant screens.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
180. Other specified paralysis of the third nerve (involving the oculomotor nerve)
ICD-11 code: 9C81.0Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed in the chemical, petrochemical, steel and gas industries. Likewise, workers exposed in the production of calcium compounds, cyanide, cyanamide and dicyandiamide, cellulose, cyanogen, ammonium, acrylate, nitrogen compounds and in the synthesis of organic chemicals.
Workers in contact with cotton plant defoliants, fertilizers, germicides, plaguicides and in gold and silver extraction.
Workers in agriculture, farmworkers, farmers, agronomists, jewelers, metal polishers and workers who have exposure to the causal agent in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
181. Pterygium
ICD-11 code: 9A61.1
Workers exposed to mercury vapors; to the action of hydrosulfuric acid (hydrogen sulfide); to the manufacture of salt, artificial fibers from cellulose and glass. Workers exposed to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation during the manufacture and handling of X-ray equipment and other sources of radiant energy; workers who use arc lamps and mercury incandescent lamps. Likewise, personnel exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation.
Workers such as artists, cinematographers, farmworkers, smelters, welders, farmers, blacksmiths, tinsmiths, kiln workers, agronomists, rolling mill workers, latrine cleaners, metallurgists, bakers, well diggers, radiologists and workers who have exposure to the causal agents in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
182. Injury due to a foreign body in the cornea (embedding of hard particles in the cornea)
ICD-11 code: ND70.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agents in the mining, cement, glass and metallurgical industries. Workers such as: sharpeners, potters, charcoal makers, cement workers, grinders, smelters, blacksmiths, tinsmiths, kiln workers, rolling mill workers, miners, goldsmiths, glaziers and workers who have exposure to the causal agents in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
183. Keratoconjunctivitis (due to chemical, physical and allergenic agents)
ICD-11 code: 9A60.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Workers exposed to the causal agents in the chemical, cellulose, textile and pharmaceutical industries, as well as agricultural workers. Workers exposed to chemical substances, such as: farmworkers, farmers, agronomists, latrine cleaners, bakers, well diggers, glaziers and personnel in contact with artificial fibers.
Workers exposed to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation during the manufacture and handling of X-ray equipment and other sources of radiant energy; workers who use arc lamps and mercury incandescent lamps. Likewise, personnel exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation and glassworks.
Workers such as artists, cinematographers, farmworkers, salt workers, smelters, welders, farmers, blacksmiths, tinsmiths, kiln workers, agronomists, rolling mill workers, latrine cleaners, metallurgists, bakers, well diggers, radiologists and workers who have exposure to the causal agents in the performance or by reason of work.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
184. Chorioretinal inflammation
ICD-11 code: 9B65.2
Workers exposed to the causal agents in the chemical, pharmaceutical, textile and fur industries. Workers exposed to naphthalene and benzene in the manufacture of adhesives for concrete, phthalic anhydride (production of plasticizers for PVC), flavorings, dyes, solvent components for plaguicides and wetting substances for the textile industry.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
185. Decompression sickness
ICD-11 code: NF04.2
Workers exposed to changes in barometric pressure, such as: recreational divers, artisanal fishing divers, industrial divers, military divers, scientific divers, technical divers, drain cleaning divers, excavators, underground miners and aerospace personnel, and attendants or assistants (tenders) inside hyperbaric chambers (physicians, nurses and divers); explorers, mountaineering guides, researchers, paleontologists and rescuers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
186. Cerebral arterial gas embolism
ICD-11 code: PL11.20
Workers exposed to changes in barometric pressure, such as: recreational divers, artisanal fishing divers, industrial divers, military divers, scientific divers, technical divers, drain cleaning divers, excavators, underground miners and aerospace personnel, and attendants or assistants (tenders) inside hyperbaric chambers (physicians, nurses and divers); explorers, mountaineering guides, researchers, paleontologists and rescuers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
187. Dysbarism due to the effects of air pressure and water pressure, unspecified (chronic barotrauma)
ICD-11 code: AA90
Workers exposed to changes in barometric pressure, such as: recreational divers, artisanal fishing divers, industrial divers, military divers, scientific divers, technical divers, drain cleaning divers, excavators, underground miners and aerospace personnel, and attendants or assistants (tenders) inside hyperbaric chambers (physicians, nurses and divers); explorers, mountaineering guides, researchers, paleontologists and rescuers.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
188. Other disorders of vestibular function (due to toxic agents)
ICD-11 code: AB34.Y
Workers exposed in agriculture, in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, glassware, ceramics, pottery, dyes containing lead, mining, printing, paints, textiles, plastics using lead-based additives, and the extraction of oils, waxes and fats.
Workers exposed in the manufacture of vulcanization accelerators, rubber, dental amalgams, lead ammunition, pyrotechnic articles, plaguicides, fungicides, germicides, rayon, thiocompounds, xanthates, production of chlor-alkali compounds and compounds with carbon disulfide, such as: cellophane and artificial sponges.
Workers in the health sector and the armed forces.
Workers exposed in the manufacture and recycling of accumulators, the manufacture and use of enamels, lead smelters and artisans who use heavy metals.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
Group XI. Endocrine and genitourinary diseases
189. Recurrent pregnancy loss
ICD-11 code: GA33
Workers exposed to antineoplastic medicines, such as: workers in charge of the manufacture and formulation of these substances in the chemical-pharmaceutical industry. Health personnel who prepare and administer them.
Workers exposed to carbon disulfide, such as: in the chemical industry, manufacture of rayon, varnishes, rubber accelerators, bromides, cellophane, neoprene cements, rocket fuels, as a solvent for sulfides, phosphides, paints, paint and varnish removers, selenium, as a component of insecticides and iodides.
Workers exposed to lead, such as: workers in activities involving white lead, varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamel, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting.
Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products. Exposed workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps. Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers and welders of metals containing lead. All those workers exposed to these substances in storage, application, handling, maintenance and production processes.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
190. Endometriosis
ICD-11 code: GA10
Workers in industrial processes related to chlorine: workers exposed to the bleaching of paper pulp and paste with chlorine; to the manufacture of chlorinated organic chemical products, such as: chlorophenols, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorobenzene and pigments. Manufacture of plaguicides.
Workers exposed in thermal processes, such as: cement kilns, incineration of all types of waste; the steel industry, foundries and sintering plants; electricity production in thermal power plants; energy production, heating by combustion of coal, gas oil or wood; recycling of non-ferrous metals, such as: aluminum, copper and zinc.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
191. Hypothyroidism due to the use of medicines or other exogenous substances
ICD-11 code: 5A00.20
Workers exposed to lead. Workers in the use of white lead and the preparation of: varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamel, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting. Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products. Exposed workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps. Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers and welders of metals containing lead.
Workers exposed to halogenated hydrocarbons, persons exposed to these substances in production, handling, storage, application and maintenance processes, persons exposed to thiouracil, thiocyanate and ethylenethiourea in the rubber industry, and the manufacture of insecticides and fungicides.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
192. Female infertility
ICD-11 code: GA31
Workers exposed to ionizing radiation and who are exposed to X-rays, such as: nuclear power plant workers; in the extraction and processing of radioactive minerals; manufacture and use of radiotherapy and X-ray equipment; all work in dental clinics, hospitals and sanatoriums that exposes health personnel to the action of X-rays; radioactive isotope production plants; preparation of radioactive compounds, including radioactive chemical and pharmaceutical products; preparation and application of radioactive phosphorescent products; industrial radiography using X-ray equipment or other sources of gamma radiation emission.
Workers exposed to aniline. Workers in the dye, pharmaceutical products, chemical, textile and ink industries.
Workers exposed to benzene, such as: bus drivers, tire manufacturing, gas stations, cleaning with organic solvents, diesel engine operators and petroleum refining.
Workers exposed to mercury, such as: workers employed in the chemical industry (acetylene production), the chemical-pharmaceutical industry, bronze, tanneries, damascening, gilding, nickel plating and silver plating. Workers exposed in the manufacture of chlorine, thermometers, fungicides, cement (dusts produced by kilns), mercury vapor lamps, manometers, felt hats, and the manufacture and handling of explosives. Workers exposed in seed preservation and brine electrolysis. Gold, silver and mercury extraction miners, and handlers of the metal and its derivatives. Assistants, secretaries in medical and dental services.
Workers exposed to these substances in storage, application, handling, maintenance and production processes.
Workers exposed to paramyxovirus, such as: physicians, nurses and health personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
193. Male infertility
ICD-11 code: GB04
Workers exposed to ionizing radiation, such as: workers in nuclear power plants; extraction and processing of radioactive minerals; manufacture and use of radiotherapy and X-ray equipment; all work in dental clinics, hospitals and sanatoriums that exposes health personnel to the action of X-rays; radioactive isotope production plants; preparation of radioactive compounds, including radioactive chemical and pharmaceutical products; preparation and application of radioactive phosphorescent products; industrial radiography using X-ray equipment or other sources of gamma radiation emission.
Workers exposed to high temperatures, such as: firefighters, smelters, brickmakers, metallurgical miners, highway paving, workers in steel and glass production.
Workers exposed to cadmium, such as those who: make metal alloys, electrical equipment, manufacture of pigments, manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries and glass.
Workers exposed to dibromochloropropane (DBCP), such as: workers in the vinyl chloride production industries, or in polymerization plants.
Workers exposed to estrogens, such as: workers in charge of the manufacture of these substances in the chemical-pharmaceutical industry.
Workers exposed to lead: workers in activities involving white lead, varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamel, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting. Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products. Exposed workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps. Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers and welders of metals containing lead.
Workers exposed to paramyxovirus, such as: physicians, nurses and health personnel.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
194. Nephropathy induced by heavy metals
ICD-11 code: GB55.1
Workers exposed to lead, such as: workers in activities related to the use of white lead and the preparation of varnishes, ceramics, cable sheathing, enamel, lacquers, preparation of fuels and lead smelting. Workers exposed in the manufacture of cans for preserves, accumulators, insecticides, toys, pigments, lead pipes, organic lead, and the manufacture and handling of cleaning products. Exposed workers employed in factories for shielding of radioactive material, in the military industry, in leaded gasoline refineries and at gasoline pumps. Workers in activities such as: painters, printers, plumbers and welders of metals containing lead.
Workers exposed to mercury: workers employed in the chemical industry (acetylene production), the chemical-pharmaceutical industry, bronze, tanneries, damascening, gilding, nickel plating and silver plating. Workers exposed in the manufacture of chlorine, thermometers, fungicides, cement (dusts produced by kilns), mercury vapor lamps, manometers, felt hats, and the manufacture and handling of explosives. Workers exposed in seed preservation and brine electrolysis. Gold, silver and mercury extraction miners, and handlers of the metal and its derivatives. Assistants, secretaries in medical and dental services.
Workers exposed to cadmium, such as: those who make metal alloys, electrical equipment, manufacture of pigments, manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries and glass.
Workers who have direct and unquestionable exposure to the action of the causal agents established in section II of the corresponding sheet contained in the Catalog of Assessment Sheets for Occupational Diseases, originating in or by reason of work or in the environment in which the worker is obliged to provide services.
TABLE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF PERMANENT DISABILITIES RESULTING FROM OCCUPATIONAL RISKS
Upper limb
Losses
1 For interscapulothoracic disarticulation. 85% 2 For partial loss of the clavicle. 20% 3 For disarticulation of the shoulder. 80% 4 For amputation of the arm, between the shoulder and the elbow. 80% 5 For disarticulation of the elbow. 80% 6 For amputation of the forearm between the elbow and the wrist. 75% 7 For total loss of the hand. 75% 8 For total or partial loss of the 5 metacarpals. 75% 9 For loss of the 5 fingers. 70% 10 For loss of 4 fingers of the hand, including the thumb. 65% For loss of 4 fingers of the hand including the thumb and the 11 corresponding metacarpals, even if the loss of these is not 70% complete. 12 For loss of 4 fingers of the hand, retaining a mobile thumb. 50% 13 For loss of 4 fingers of the hand, retaining an immobile thumb. 60% 14 For loss of the thumb, index and middle fingers. 55% 15 For loss of the thumb and the index finger. 45% For loss of the thumb with the corresponding metacarpal or part of 16 35% it. 17 For loss of the thumb alone. 30% 18 For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of the thumb. 25% 19 For loss of the distal phalanx of the thumb. 20% 20 For partial loss of the distal phalanx of the thumb. 10% 21 For loss of the index finger with the metacarpal or part of it. 25% 22 For loss of the index finger. 20% 23 For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of the index finger. 16% For loss of the distal phalanx, with mutilation or loss of the middle phalanx 24 12% of the index finger. 25 For loss of the distal phalanx of the index finger. 6% 26 For partial loss of the distal phalanx of the index finger. 2% For loss of the middle finger with loss of its metacarpal or part of 27 18% it. 28 For loss of the middle finger. 15% 29 For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of the middle finger. 13% For loss of the distal phalanx with mutilation or loss of the middle phalanx 30 10% of the middle finger. 31 For loss of the distal phalanx of the middle finger. 5% 32 For partial loss of the distal phalanx of the middle finger. 2% For loss of the ring finger with loss of its metacarpal or part of 33 15% it. 34 For loss of the ring finger. 12% 35 For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of the ring finger. 10% For loss of the distal phalanx with mutilation or loss of the middle phalanx 36 8% of the ring finger. 37 For loss of the distal phalanx of the ring finger. 4% 38 For partial loss of the distal phalanx of the ring finger. 2% For loss of the little finger with loss of its metacarpal or part of 39 15% it. 40 For loss of the little finger. 12% 41 For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of the little finger. 10% For loss of the distal phalanx with mutilation or loss of the middle phalanx 42 8% of the little finger. 43 For loss of the distal phalanx of the little finger. 4% 44 For partial loss of the distal phalanx of the little finger. 2% Ankylosis
Complete loss of joint mobility
45 Complete, of the shoulder with mobility of the scapula. 40% 46 Complete, of the shoulder with fixation and immobility of the scapula. 55% 47 Complete, of the elbow in a position of flexion between 75 and 140 degrees. 35% 48 Complete, of the elbow in a position of flexion of less than 75 degrees. 50% 49 Torsional, with suppression of pronation and supination movements. 25% 50 Complete, of the wrist in extension. 60% 51 Complete, of the wrist in flexion. 45% Ankylosis of all the joints of the fingers of the hand in flexion 52 75% (claw hand) or extension (extended hand). 53 Carpometacarpal, of the thumb. 20% 54 Metacarpophalangeal, of the thumb. 12% 55 Interphalangeal, of the thumb. 6% 56 Of the two joints of the thumb. 18% 57 Of the joints of the thumb and the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb. 38% 58 Metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger. 7% 59 Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges of the index finger. 10% 60 Joint between the middle and distal phalanges of the index finger. 4% 61 Of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the index finger. 14% 62 Of the three joints of the index finger. 21% 63 Metacarpophalangeal joint of the middle finger. 5% 64 Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges of the middle finger. 7% 65 Joint between the middle and distal phalanges of the middle finger. 2% 66 Of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the middle finger. 10% 67 Of the three joints of the middle finger. 15% 68 Metacarpophalangeal joint of the ring finger. 3% 69 Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges of the ring finger. 5% 70 Joint between the middle and distal phalanges of the ring finger. 2% 71 Of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the ring finger. 8% 72 Of the three joints of the ring finger. 12% 73 Metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger. 3% 74 Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges of the little finger. 5% 75 Joint between the middle and distal phalanges of the little finger. 2% 76 Of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the little finger. 8% 77 Of the three joints of the little finger. 12%
Joint stiffness
Reduction of movement due to joint, tendon or muscle injuries
78 Of the shoulder, mainly affecting flexion and abduction. 10 to 30% Of the elbow, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of 79 30% 90 to 140 degrees. Of the elbow, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 80 20% of less than 90 degrees. 81 Of the elbow, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of up to 10% 70 degrees. Of the elbow, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of up to 82 5% 110 degrees. 83 Torsional, with limitation of pronation and supination movements. 5 to 15% 84 Of the wrist. 10 to 15% 85 Metacarpophalangeal, of the thumb. 2 to 5% 86 Interphalangeal, of the thumb. 5% 87 Of the two joints of the thumb. 5 to 10% 88 Metacarpophalangeal, of the index finger. 3% 89 Of the proximal or distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger. 6% 90 Of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joint of the index finger. 12% 91 Of the three joints of the index finger. 15% 92 Of a single joint of the middle finger. 2% 93 Of two joints of the middle finger. 4% 94 Of the three joints of the middle finger. 6 to 8% 95 Of a single joint of the ring finger. 2% 96 Of two joints of the ring finger. 3% 97 Of the three joints of the ring finger. 5 to 6% 98 Of a single joint of the little finger. 2% 99 Of two joints of the little finger. 3% 100 Of the three joints of the little finger. 5 to 6%
Pseudarthrosis
Of the shoulder, following extensive resections or considerable losses of 101 60% bone substance. 102 Of the clavicle. 30% 103 Of the scapula. 30% 104 Of the humerus. 45% Of the elbow, following extensive resections or considerable losses of 105 55% bone substance. 106 Of the forearm, of a single bone. 30% 107 Of the forearm, of both bones. 50% Of the wrist, following extensive resections or considerable losses 108 40% of bone substance. 109 Of all the bones of the metacarpus. 40% 110 Of a single metacarpal. 10% 111 Of the distal phalanx of the thumb. 8% 112 Of the distal phalanx of the index, middle, ring or little finger. 6% 113 Of the proximal phalanx of the thumb. 15% 114 Of the proximal or middle phalanx of the index finger. 10% Of the proximal or middle phalanx of the middle, ring or little finger, for each 115 5% phalanx.
Retractile scars that cannot be resolved surgically
116 Of the axilla, according to the degree of limitation of arm movements. 20 to 50% Of the elbow, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of 117 30% 90 to 140 degrees. 118 Of the elbow, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 20% of less than 90 degrees. Of the elbow, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of up to 119 10% 70 degrees. Of the elbow, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle of up to 120 5% 110 degrees. Of the palmar aponeurosis, affecting flexion or extension, pronation, 121 10 to 30% supination, or producing combined stiffness.
Functional disorders of the fingers, resulting not from joint injuries but from the severance or loss of the extensor or flexor tendons, adhesions or scars
Permanent flexion of one or more fingers
122 Of the two joints of the thumb. 10 to 25% 123 Of the three joints of the index or middle finger. 8 to 15% 124 Of the three joints of the ring or little finger. 8 to 12% 125 Of all the joints of all the fingers of the hand. 65 to 75% 126 Of four fingers of the hand, excluding the thumb. 45 to 50%
Permanent extension of one or more fingers
127 Of the two joints of the thumb. 18 to 22% 128 Of the three joints of the index finger. 10 to 15% 129 Of the three joints of the middle finger. 8 to 12% 130 Of the three joints of the ring or little finger. 8 to 12% Permanent extension of all the joints of all the fingers of the 131 65 to 75% hand. 132 Permanent extension of four fingers of the hand, excluding the thumb. 50%
Fracture sequelae
133 Of the scapula, when it produces stiffness of the shoulder. 10 to 30% 134 Of the clavicle, when it produces stiffness of the shoulder. 10 to 30% 135 Of the humerus, when it produces stiffness, muscle atrophy. 10 to 30% Of the olecranon, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 136 30% of 90 to 140 degrees. Of the olecranon, not allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 137 20% of less than 90 degrees. Of the olecranon, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 138 10% of up to 70 degrees. Of the olecranon, allowing complete extension, with a flexion angle 139 5% of up to 110 degrees. 140 Distal, of the bones of the forearm, when producing stiffness of the wrist. 10 to 20% Proximal, of the bones of the forearm, when producing stiffness in 141 10 to 20% pronation and/or supination. Of the bones of the forearm, when producing stiffness of the wrist and 142 10 to 20% limitation of pronation and/or supination. 143 Of the metacarpus, with secondary deviation of the hand and stiffness of the fingers. 10 to 20%
Complete and incomplete paralysis (paresis) due to peripheral nerve injuries 144 Total paralysis of the upper limb. 70% 145 Paralysis of the upper trunk. 50% 146 Paralysis of the middle trunk. 50% 147 Paralysis of the lower trunk. 50% 148 Paralysis of the subscapular nerve. 12% 149 Paralysis of the circumflex or axillary nerve. 30% 150 Paralysis of the musculocutaneous nerve. 35% 151 Paralysis of the median nerve in the arm. 45% 152 Paralysis of the median nerve at the wrist. 30% 153 Paralysis of the ulnar nerve if injured above the elbow. 35% 154 Paralysis of the ulnar nerve if injured below the elbow. 30% 155 Paralysis of the radial nerve if injured above the elbow. 50% 156 Paralysis of the radial nerve if injured below the elbow. 40% In the event of combined paralysis due to injuries of the aforementioned nerves in both limbs, the percentages 157 --corresponding to each shall be added, without the added disabilities exceeding one hundred percent in any case. In the event of incomplete or partial paralysis (paresis), the percentages shall be reduced proportionally according to the degree of functional 158 --impairment. The maximum value granted may not exceed the minimum value granted for paralysis. 159 Complex regional pain syndrome, shoulder-hand. 20 to 60% 160 Complex regional pain syndrome, shoulder. 10 to 30% 161 Complex regional pain syndrome, hand-wrist. 10 to 30%
Dislocations that cannot be resolved surgically
162 Of the clavicle, unreduced or irreducible, sternoclavicular. 5% 163 Of the clavicle, unreduced or irreducible, acromioclavicular. 10-30% 164 Of the shoulder, glenohumeral. 30% 165 Of the elbow. 25% 166 Of the wrist (radiocarpal or radioulnar). 25% 167 Of the carpal bones. 25% 168 Of one metacarpal. 8% 169 Of the fourth and fifth metacarpals. 20% 170 Of all the metacarpals. 40% 171 Metacarpophalangeal, of the thumb. 25% 172 Of the distal phalanx of the thumb. 5% 173 Of the proximal or middle phalanx of any other finger. 10% 174 Of the distal phalanx of any other finger. 4%
Muscles
Amyotrophy of the shoulder of one centimeter or more, without ankylosis or joint 175 15% stiffness. Amyotrophy of the arm or forearm of one centimeter or more, without 176 10 to 15% ankylosis or joint stiffness. Amyotrophy of the hand of one centimeter or more, without ankylosis or joint 177 5 to 10% stiffness.
Vessels
Arterial and venous sequelae and injuries shall be assessed according to the magnitude of the organic alterations and functional disorders they produce (amputations, joint stiffness, injuries of the 178 --peripheral nerves, atrophy of muscle masses, among others). In the case of bilateral injuries, the percentages corresponding to each limb shall be added, without exceeding one hundred percent in any case. For instrumental musicians, typists, watchmakers, jewelers, electronic parts assemblers, etc. and similar work, the loss, ankylosis, pseudarthrosis, dislocations, paralysis, scar retractions and 179 stiffness of the fingers effectively used in the work, as well as in --cases of retractions of the palmar aponeurosis of the hand affecting those same fingers, shall be increased up to 250%, in observance of the provisions of Article 494 of the Federal Labor Law.
Lower limb
Losses
180 For disarticulation of the hip. 80% 181 For amputation of the thigh, between the hip and the knee. 80% 182 For disarticulation of the knee. 70% For excision of the patella, with abnormal mobility of the knee and amyotrophy 183 40% of the triceps. 184 For amputation of the leg, between the knee and the ankle. 65% 185 For total loss of the foot. 55% 186 For mutilation of a foot with preservation of the heel. 45% 187 For partial or total loss of the calcaneus. 10 to 30% 188 For midtarsal disarticulation. 40% 189 For tarsometatarsal disarticulation. 30% 190 For loss of the five toes. 25% 191 For loss of the first toe, with loss or mutilation of its metatarsal. 25% 192 For loss of the first toe alone. 15% 193 For partial or total loss of the distal phalanx of the first toe. 7% 194 For loss of a toe other than the first. 5% For partial loss of the proximal phalanx of a toe other than the 195 4% first. For loss of the distal phalanx, with mutilation or loss of the middle phalanx 196 3% of a toe other than the first. For partial or total loss of the distal phalanx of a toe other than the 197 2% first. For loss of the second, third or fourth toe with mutilation or loss of 198 8% its metatarsal, retaining the first or fifth toe. 199 For loss of the fifth toe with mutilation or loss of its metatarsal 20%
Ankylosis
200 Complete, of the coxofemoral joint, in a straight position. 55% Of the coxofemoral joint in a position of flexion, adduction, abduction and/or 201 65% rotation.
202 Of both coxofemoral joints. 100% 203 Of the knee in a position of flexion greater than 45 degrees and up to 140 degrees. 65% 204 Of the knee in a position of flexion of up to 45 degrees. 40% 205 Of the knee in genu valgum or genu varum. 50% 206 Of the ankle at a right angle. 15% 207 Of the ankle at a right angle, with stiffness of the toes. 30% 208 Of the ankle, when the position is other than neutral. 55% 209 Of any toe, in extension. 5% 210 Of any toe, when the position is other than neutral. 15%
Joint stiffness
Reduction of movement due to joint, tendon or muscle injuries
211 Of the hip, with flexion greater than 90 degrees and extension greater than 10 degrees. 15 to 25% Of the hip, with flexion less than or equal to 90 degrees and extension less than or equal to 212 30 to 40% 10 degrees. 213 Of the knee, allowing complete extension, according to the flexion angle. 10 to 20% Of the knee, not allowing complete or almost complete extension, according to the 214 25 to 35% flexion angle. Of the ankle, with flexion greater than or equal to 10 degrees and extension greater than or equal to 215 5 to 10% 30 degrees. 216 Of the ankle, with flexion of less than 10 degrees and extension of less than 30 degrees. 10 to 20% 217 Of any toe. 2%
Pseudarthrosis
Atrophic, normotrophic or hypertrophic
Of the hip, following extensive resections with considerable loss of 218 50 to 70% bone substance. 219 Of the femur. 40 to 60% 220 Of the knee with pendulum leg (following knee resections). 40 to 60% 221 Of the patella with complete extension and flexion less than or equal to 90 degrees. 15% 222 Of the patella with incomplete extension and flexion greater than or equal to 90 degrees. 20% 223 Of the patella with incomplete extension and flexion of less than 90 degrees. 40% 224 Of the tibia and fibula. 40 to 60% 225 Of the tibia alone. 30 to 40% 226 Of the fibula alone. 8 to 18% 227 Of the first or last metatarsal. 8 to 15% 228 Of the second, third or fourth metatarsal. 5%
Retractile scars that cannot be resolved surgically
229 Of the knee in a position of flexion greater than 45 degrees and up to 140 degrees. 30 to 50% 230 Of the knee in a position of flexion from 10 degrees up to 45 degrees. 20 to 30% 231 Of the popliteal fossa, limiting extension to less than 90 degrees. 50 to 60% 232 Of the sole of the foot, with retraction of the tip toward one of its edges. 20 to 40%
Fracture sequelae Of the pelvis, with persistent pain and moderate difficulty in walking and 233 15 to 25% exertion. Of the pelvis, with shortening or deviation of the lower limb with or without 234 25 to 50% stiffness of the hip. 235 Of the acetabulum, with depression, with or without stiffness of the hip. 15 to 40% Of the horizontal ramus of the pubis, with slight persistent pain and moderate 236 15 to 20% difficulty in walking or exertion. Of the ischiopubic ramus, with moderate difficulty in walking and 237 15 to 20% exertion. Of the horizontal ramus and the ischiopubic ramus, with persistent pain, 238 40 to 60% bladder disorders and marked difficulty in walking or exertion. 239 Of the femoral neck and trochanteric region, with stiffness, limping and pain. 30 to 40% Of the femoral neck and trochanteric region, with shortening greater than 6 240 60 to 80% centimeters, joint stiffness and angular deviations. Of the femoral diaphysis, with shortening of 1 to 4 centimeters, with or without 241 8 to 15% stiffness, with or without muscle atrophy. Of the femoral diaphysis, with shortening of 3 to 6 centimeters, muscle 242 15 to 30% atrophy, without joint stiffness. Of the femoral diaphysis, with shortening of 3 to 6 centimeters, muscle atrophy 243 30 to 40% and joint stiffness. Of the femoral diaphysis, with shortening of 6 to 12 centimeters, muscle 244 30 to 50% atrophy and joint stiffness. Of the femoral diaphysis, with shortening of 6 to 12 centimeters, external angular 245 50 to 70% deviation, muscle atrophy and knee flexion of less than 35 degrees. Of the femoral condyles and/or tibial tuberosities, with joint stiffness, 246 30 to 50% deviations, increased volume of the knee, and/or gait alteration. 247 Of the patella, with complete extension and slightly limited flexion. 10% Of the tibia and fibula, with shortening of 2 to 4 centimeters, muscle 248 15 to 30% atrophy, with or without stiffness. Of the tibia and fibula, with shortening of more than 4 centimeters, 249 angular consolidation, outward or inward deviation of the leg, 35 to 50% secondary deviation of the foot, walking possible with or without stiffness. Of the tibia and fibula, with shortening of more than 4 centimeters or 250 55 to 70% angular consolidation, walking impossible, with or without stiffness. 251 Of the tibia, with pain, muscle atrophy and joint stiffness. 10 to 25% 252 Of the fibula, with pain, muscle atrophy with or without stiffness. 5 to 10% Bimalleolar or malleolar, with inward deviation of the foot and/or with muscle 253 25 to 40% atrophy and joint stiffness. Bimalleolar or malleolar, with outward deviation of the foot and/or with muscle 254 25 to 40% atrophy and joint stiffness. 255 Of the tarsus, with painful post-traumatic flatfoot with or without stiffness. 15 to 20% 256 Of the tarsus, with inward or outward deviation of the foot. 20 to 30% Of the tarsus, with considerable deformity, immobility of the toes and atrophy of 257 30 to 50% the leg. 258 Of the metatarsus, with pain, deviations or functional impairment. 10 to 20%
Complete or incomplete paralysis (paresis) due to peripheral nerve injuries
259 Total paralysis of the lower limb. 70% 260 Paralysis of the greater sciatic nerve. 60% 261 Paralysis of the external popliteal sciatic or peroneal nerve. 35% 262 Paralysis of the internal popliteal sciatic or tibial nerve. 30% 263 Combined paralysis of the internal popliteal sciatic and external popliteal sciatic nerves. 40% 264 Paralysis of the crural or femoral nerve. 50% In the event of combined paralysis due to injuries of the aforementioned nerves in both limbs, the percentages 265 --corresponding to each shall be added, without the added disabilities exceeding one hundred percent in any case. In the event of incomplete or partial paralysis (paresis), the percentages shall be reduced proportionally according to the degree of functional 266 --impairment. The maximum value granted may not exceed the minimum value granted for paralysis. 267 With sacroiliac complex regional pain syndrome. 35 to 40% 268 With complex regional pain syndrome of the hip. 25 to 35% 269 With complex regional pain syndrome of the knee. 20 to 30% 270 With complex regional pain syndrome of the foot. 10 to 20%
Dislocations that cannot be resolved surgically
271 Of the pubis, irreducible or inveterate, or extensive relaxation of the symphysis. 25 to 40%
Muscles
Amyotrophy of one centimeter or more of the thigh, without ankylosis or joint 272 30% stiffness. Amyotrophy of one centimeter or more of the anterior compartment of the thigh, without 273 20% ankylosis or joint stiffness. Amyotrophy of one centimeter or more of the leg, without ankylosis or joint 274 30% stiffness. Amyotrophy of one centimeter or more of the anterolateral compartment of the 275 15% leg, without ankylosis or joint stiffness. 276 Total amyotrophy of one centimeter or more of the lower limb. 40%
Vessels
Sequelae of arterial and venous injuries shall be assessed according to the magnitude of the organic alterations and functional disorders they 277 --produce (amputations, joint stiffness, peripheral nerve injuries, atrophy of muscle masses, among others). 278 Chronic thrombophlebitis. 15 to 25% Recurrent varicose ulcers with poor response to treatment, according to 279 8 to 20% their extent. Varicose veins with chronic edema, trophic skin changes, not controllable and not 280 8 to 20% amenable to medical or surgical treatment. In the case of bilateral injuries, the percentages 281 corresponding to each limb shall be added, without exceeding one --hundred percent in any case.
Head
Skull Organic and affective mental disorders shall be assessed in accordance with 282 -- Table XV. Late post-concussive cranioencephalic syndrome shall be assessed in accordance 283 with Table XV, regardless of collateral damage, which shall be assessed under the --corresponding section. 284 Avulsion or loss of more than 10 centimeters of the scalp. 20 to 35% Bone loss of the skull of up to 5 centimeters in diameter, with or without 285 10 to 20% prosthesis. Bone loss of the skull of more than 5 centimeters in diameter, with or without 286 20 to 30% prosthesis. Traumatic epilepsy not surgically curable, when the seizures can 287 50 to 70% be medically controlled and allow some work to be performed. For traumatic epilepsy not surgically curable, when the seizures 288 cannot be medically controlled and do not allow the performance of 100% any work. For non-traumatic epilepsy, not surgically curable, when the seizures 289 50 to 70% can be medically controlled and allow some work to be performed. For non-traumatic epilepsy, not surgically curable, when the seizures 290 cannot be medically controlled and do not allow the performance of 100% any work. 291 Jacksonian epilepsy. 10 to 25% 292 Dysosmia or anosmia due to injury of the olfactory nerve. 5% 293 Dysgeusia or ageusia. 10% 294 For injury of the trigeminal nerve. 15 to 30% 295 For injury of the facial nerve. 15 to 30% For injury of the pneumogastric or vagus nerve (according to the degree of verified 296 10 to 50% functional disorders). 297 For injury of the spinal accessory nerve. 10 to 40% 298 For injury of the hypoglossal nerve, when unilateral. 15% 299 For injury of the hypoglossal nerve, bilateral. 60% 300 Upper monoplegia. 70% 301 Upper monoparesis. 20 to 40% 302 Lower monoplegia, spastic gait. 40 to 70% 303 Lower monoparesis, walking possible. 20 to 40% 304 Paraplegia. 100% 305 Paraparesis, walking possible. 50 to 70% 306 Paraparesis, walking impossible. 70 to 90% 307 Hemiplegia. 70 to 90% 308 Hemiparesis. 20 to 60% 309 Quadriplegia. 100% 310 Quadriparesis. 50 to 70% 311 Diabetes mellitus or insipidus. 10 to 40% 312 Mild aphasia. 20 to 30% 313 Marked aphasia, isolated. 40 to 80% 314 Aphasia with hemiplegia. 100% 315 Agraphia. 20 to 30%
Face Extensive mutilations, when they include both upper maxillae and 316 90 to 100% the nose, according to the loss of soft tissue substance. 317 Mutilations including the maxilla and the mandible. 90 to 100% Mutilation of the horizontal ramus of the mandible with no prosthesis possible, or of the 318 60 to 80% maxilla in its entirety. 319 Pseudarthrosis of the maxilla with mastication impossible. 50 to 60% 320 Pseudarthrosis of the maxilla with mastication possible, but limited. 20 to 30% Pseudarthrosis of the maxilla with mastication possible, in the case of a prosthesis with 321 5 to 15% verified improvement of mastication. Losses of substance in the palatine vault, not resolved 322 15 to 35% surgically, according to the site and extent. Losses of substance in the palatine vault, in the case of a prosthesis with 323 5 to 10% verified functional improvement. Pseudarthrosis of the ascending ramus of the mandible, with mastication 324 5 to 10% possible. Pseudarthrosis of the ascending ramus of the mandible with mastication 325 15 to 25% impossible. Pseudarthrosis of the horizontal ramus of the mandible with mastication 326 10 to 20% possible. Pseudarthrosis of the horizontal ramus of the mandible with mastication 327 25 to 35% impossible. 328 Pseudarthrosis of the symphysis. 25 to 30% 329 Pseudarthrosis of the symphysis with mastication impossible. 25 to 40% Pseudarthrosis of the mandible. In the case of a prosthesis with verified functional improvement 330 5 to 20%. Pseudarthrosis of the mandible with or without loss of substance, not 331 50 to 60% resolved surgically, with insufficient or abolished mastication. Defective consolidations of the mandible and maxilla, hindering the 332 articulation of the dental arches and limiting mastication, when the 20 to 30% oral opening is less than 4 centimeters. Defective consolidations of the mandible and maxilla, hindering the 333 articulation of the dental arches, when the oral opening is greater than or 5 to 15% equal to 4 centimeters. Defective consolidations of the mandible and maxilla, hindering the 334 articulation of the dental arches, when mastication is corrected with a prosthetic 5 to 10% appliance. 335 Loss of one or more teeth: replacement. -- 336 Total loss of the teeth, prosthesis not tolerated. 30% 337 Total loss of the teeth, prosthesis tolerated. 15% 338 Complete loss of a dental arch, prosthesis not tolerated. 20% 339 Complete loss of a dental arch, prosthesis tolerated. 10% 340 Loss of half of a dental arch, prosthesis not tolerated. 15% 341 Loss of half of a dental arch, prosthesis tolerated. 5% Scar bands limiting the opening of the mouth, preventing oral hygiene, 342 20 to 50% pronunciation or mastication, or causing saliva to drip. Irreducible dislocation of the temporomandibular joint, according to the degree 343 20 to 35% of functional impairment. Amputations or mutilations of the tongue, according to the impairment of 344 20 to 40% speech and swallowing. 345 Salivary fistula not resolved surgically. 10 to 20% Eyes
346 Total blindness, with preservation or loss of the eyeballs. 100% Permanent loss or reduction (when it can no longer be improved with 347 eyeglasses) of visual acuity (remaining vision with optical correction). -- See Table I.
In cases of loss or reduction of visual acuity in one eye only, the other being healthy, below the first horizontal line, in which the various compensable degrees of loss or reduction are indicated, the percentages of disability corresponding to each degree are entered (second horizontal line).
In cases of loss or reduction of visual acuity in one eye only, the other being diseased due to a condition unrelated to work, if the remaining vision in each eye is equal to or less than 0.2, the compensable percentage of disability appears at the intersection of the corresponding vertical column and horizontal line.
In cases of bilateral loss or reduction of visual acuity, as a consequence of an occupational risk in both eyes, the compensable percentage of disability appears at the intersection of the corresponding vertical column and horizontal line.
Table I
Permanent loss or reduction of visual acuity V.A. 1 to 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0. E.w/p * E.p/i. ** 1 to 0.8 0% 6% 9% 12% 15% 20% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 60% 0.7 6% 13 16 19 22 27 37 42 47 52 57 67 0.6 9% 16 19 22 25 30 40 45 50 55 62 72 0.5 12% 19 22 25 28 33 43 50 55 60 67 77 0.4 15% 22 25 28 31 40 50 60 65 70 75 82 0.3 20% 27 30 33 40 50 60 70 75 80 85 90 0.2 30% 37 40 43 50 60 70 77 85 90 95 98 0.1 35% 42 45 50 60 70 77 90 95 98 100 100 0.05 40% 47 50 55 65 75 85 95 98 100 100 100 0 45% 52 55 60 70 80 90 98 100 100 100 100 E.w/p * 50% 57 62 67 75 85 95 100 100 100 100 100 E.p/i ** 60% 67 72 77 82 90 98 100 100 100 100 100 * Enucleation with prosthesis. ** Enucleation, prosthesis impossible.
Permanent loss or reduction of visual acuity in one-eyed persons. Blindness or 348 vision of less than 0.05 in the contralateral eye (remaining vision with optical correction). See Table II.
Table II
Permanent loss or reduction of visual acuity in one-eyed persons Disabilities in workers Visual acuity (%) 0.7 13 0.6 19 0.5 25 0.4 31 0.3 50 0.2 70 0.1 90 0.05 100 0 100
When workers are accepted into service, for the purposes of subsequent 349 claims for loss of visual acuity, they shall be considered to have unity, even if they had 0. 8 (8 tenths in each eye).
Reduction of the visual field, unilateral or bilateral, with normal or reduced visual acuity, applying the following items:
Visual impairment due to deficit of the binocular visual field
350 Homonymous quadrantanopia (right or left). 26% 351 Bitemporal quadrantanopia. 26%
Visual impairment due to concentric deficit of the monocular visual field
352 Total or partial loss of one quadrant. 13% 353 Total or partial loss of two quadrants. 26% 354 Total or partial loss of three quadrants. 40% 355 Total or partial loss of all four quadrants. 50% Scotomas shall be assessed according to the determination of loss of visual field, applying 356 the preceding sections.
Visual impairment due to concentric deficit of the visual field
357 Acquired nyctalopia. 30% Narrowing of the visual field, with preservation of 30 degrees or more, 358 10 to 15% in one eye only. Narrowing of the visual field, with preservation of 30 degrees or more, 359 20 to 30% in both eyes. Narrowing of the visual field, with preservation of less than 30 360 30 to 50% degrees in one eye only. Narrowing of the visual field, with preservation of less than 30 361 30 to 100% degrees, in both eyes.
Vertical hemianopias
362 Homonymous, right or left. 40 to 50% 363 Heteronymous binasal. 40 to 50% 364 Heteronymous bitemporal. 50 to 60%
Horizontal hemianopias
365 Superior. 10 to 15% 366 Inferior. 30 to 50% Hemianopia in one-eyed persons (vision preserved in one eye and abolished or less than 0.05 in the contralateral eye), with central vision
367 Nasal. 60 to 70% 368 Inferior. 70 to 80% 369 Temporal. 80 to 90% In cases of hemianopia with loss of unilateral or bilateral central vision, the percentage relating to the remaining vision shall be added to the assessment percentage corresponding to the hemianopia, 370 --in observance of the provisions of Article 494 of the Federal Labor Law.
Disorders of ocular motility
Strabismus due to muscle injury or corresponding nerve alteration, without 371 10% diplopia.
Unilateral or bilateral diplopia (not amenable to correction)
372 Horizontal. 30% 373 Vertical. 30% 374 Oblique. 30% In any of the foregoing, when the primary (central) position of gaze is 375 affected, 20% shall be added, and when gaze in the lower part of the field --is affected, 10% shall be added. Diplopia, whether or not accompanied by palpebral ptosis, with or without internal ophthalmoplegia 376 50%, warranting occlusion of one eye. Diplopia, due to bilateral nerve injury limiting the movements of both 377 eyes and reducing the visual field because of the deviation, causing deviation of the 60% head in order to fixate, in addition to occlusion of one eye.
Dyschromatopsias
378 Acquired unilateral dyschromatopsia. 15% 379 Acquired bilateral dyschromatopsia. 30%
Other injuries
380 Unilateral aphakia correctable with a contact or intraocular lens. 10% 381 Bilateral aphakia correctable with contact or intraocular lenses. 20% In the two preceding sections, the disability corresponding to the reduction in non-correctable visual acuity shall be added, 382 --without the sum exceeding 100%, in accordance with the provisions of Article 494 of the Federal Labor Law. Mydriasis, iridodialysis or sector iridectomy, when they cause functional disorders 383 10%, in one eye. Mydriasis, iridodialysis or sector iridectomy, when they cause functional disorders 384 20%, in both eyes.
Unilateral palpebral ptosis or blepharospasm, not resolved surgically, when covering the pupillary area 385 Palpebral ptosis, pupil uncovered. 10% Minimal palpebral ptosis, with elevation of the upper eyelid of 7 386 15% to 9 mm. Moderate palpebral ptosis, with elevation of the upper eyelid 387 20% of 1 to 6 mm. 388 Severe palpebral ptosis, without elevation of the upper eyelid. 30% The reduction in visual 389 --acuity shall be added to this disability, without exceeding 100%.
Bilateral palpebral ptosis or blepharospasm not resolved surgically, when covering the pupillary area
390 Palpebral ptosis, pupils uncovered. 20% Minimal palpebral ptosis with elevation of the upper eyelid of 7 391 30% to 9 mm. Moderate palpebral ptosis with elevation of the upper eyelid of 392 40% 1 to 6 mm. 393 Severe palpebral ptosis, without elevation of the upper eyelid. 60% The reduction in visual acuity 394 --shall be added to this disability, without exceeding 100%.
Disabilities based on the degree of vision, according to the primary position (horizontal gaze straight ahead). The pupil is more or less uncovered
Deviation of the eyelid margins (entropion, ectropion, trichiasis, 395 15% deforming scars, symblepharon and ankyloblepharon), unilateral. 396 Bilateral. 25%
Alterations of the lacrimal passages
397 Unilateral cicatricial or paralytic lagophthalmos. 15% 398 Bilateral cicatricial or paralytic lagophthalmos. 25% 399 Unilateral epiphora. 10% 400 Bilateral epiphora. 20% 401 Unilateral lacrimal fistula(s). 20% 402 Bilateral lacrimal fistula(s). 30%
Nose
403 Partial mutilation of the nose, without stenosis, not corrected by plastic surgery. 20% 404 Loss of the nose without stenosis, not repaired by plastic surgery. 40% 405 When it has been repaired by plastic surgery. 15 to 20% 406 When the nose is reduced to a scarred stump, with stenosis. 30 to 50%
Ears
Total loss or deformity of the auricle, unilateral, without stenosis 407 10% of the external auditory canal. Partial loss or deformity of the auricle, unilateral, without 408 7% stenosis of the external auditory canal.
Total loss or deformity of the auricle, bilateral, without stenosis 409 20% of the external auditory canal. Partial loss or deformity of the auricle, bilateral, without stenosis 410 15% of the external auditory canal. Total loss or deformity of the auricle, unilateral, with stenosis 411 15% of the external auditory canal. Partial loss or deformity of the auricle, unilateral, with 412 12% stenosis of the external auditory canal. Total loss or deformity of the auricle, bilateral, with stenosis 413 30% of the external auditory canal. Partial loss or deformity of the auricle, bilateral, with stenosis 414 25% of the external auditory canal. 415 Total obliteration of the external auditory canal, unilateral. 20% 416 Total obliteration of the external auditory canal, bilateral. 40% Loss of the tympanic membrane, unilateral (subtotal or total), with functional 417 5% graft. Loss of the tympanic membrane, bilateral (subtotal or total), with functional 418 10% graft. Loss of the tympanic membrane, unilateral (subtotal or total), with non-functional graft 419 20% or with no surgical possibility. Loss of the tympanic membrane, bilateral (subtotal or total), with non-functional 420 40% graft or with no surgical possibility. Irreversible anatomical alterations of the structures of the middle ear and of 421 the ossicular chain; unilateral. 20% Includes loss of the tympanic membrane. Irreversible anatomical alterations of the structures of the middle ear and of 422 40% the ossicular chain; bilateral. Includes loss of the tympanic membrane. Dysfunction of the auditory tube, unilateral, irreversible and resistant to 423 20% treatment. Dysfunction of the auditory tube, bilateral, irreversible and resistant to 424 40% treatment. Dysfunction of the auditory tube, unilateral or bilateral, irreversible and resistant to treatment, that continuously interferes with work activities 425 even when it does not affect the activities of daily living, where optimal 50% functioning of the auditory tube is indispensable for the person's work performance. 426 Duly verified unilateral tinnitus. 5% 427 Duly verified hyperacusis. 5% Duly verified vestibular dysfunction. 428 -- It shall be assessed following the rules of Table III.
Table III-A
Vestibular dysfunction Complete evaluation and relevant Diagnostic tests with Alterations in Degree of Percentage tests a validity of at least the activities functional of permanent to establish the 3 months of their job impairment disability diagnosis (have at least one (have at least altered test) one altered test) Evaluation Bithermal tests with Imbalance that 1 10-30% complete otoneurological: water, and interferes Rotational tests with intermittently Mild Of gait; videonystagmography or with work Of eye electronystagmography. activities, at movements; least once Postural tests, and To the extent available; every 3 months. Complementary vestibular tests. As required: Three-dimensional head Imbalance that 2 31-60% impulse tests and interferes Evaluation vestibular evoked continuously Moderate complete audiological: myogenic potentials. with work Complete activities audiological study; involving Middle ear sudden study, and craniocephalic Complete neurological movements. evaluation. Other specific Imbalance that 3 61-90% evaluations as interferes required. continuously Severe with work activities even when they do not involve sudden craniocephalic movements. Imbalance that Permanent 100% prevents total independent ambulation and requires the continuous assistance of another person. Cannot perform any work activity. In addition to the provisions of Article 492 of the Federal Labor Law, consideration shall be given to granting the maximum value of the disability percentage range when the performance of the person's work activities may endanger the person's life, the lives of third parties or property.
429 Chronic bilateral tubal dysfunction, resistant to treatment. 30 to 40% 430 Chronic unilateral tubal dysfunction, resistant to treatment. 15 to 20% 431 Duly verified bilateral tinnitus. 10% Occupational deafness and hearing loss. They shall be assessed following the rules of 432 --Table III-B.
Table III-B
Occupational deafness and hearing loss Percentage of Percentage of disability Percentage of hearing loss Percentage of hearing loss functional organ combined bilateral disability combined bilateral functional organ 10 10 18 16 11 11 19 16 12 12 20 17 13 12 21 18 14 13 22 18 15 14 23 19 16 15 24 19 17 15 25 20 Fletcher calculation Calculation of permanent partial disability by obtaining the combined bilateral hearing loss according to the thresholds obtained from pure-tone audiometry and using the procedure for the assessment of hearing loss of: Fletcher, A.M.A., as modified by: De La Cruz Ávila, Gómez Cruz, Gutiérrez Farfán, Jiménez Ruiz, Rojo Ramírez, Toledo Ortiz, Torres Valenzuela, Velasco Reyna, Zarate Cabrera (October 2016).
Depending on the mechanism of injury and sequela, one of the following frequency ranges may be used:
a. For injuries covering the minimum hearing threshold at frequencies of 250, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 Hz.
b. For injuries covering the minimum hearing threshold at frequencies of 2000, 3,000, 4,000, and 6,000 Hz.
c. For injuries involving the frequencies of subsections A and B, the frequency range showing the greatest hearing loss shall be chosen.
First. If the audiogram shows no entries for one or both ears due to anacusis, or there was no response at all or at some of them, the value assigned to those frequencies shall be 120 dB, and if in the contralateral ear the hearing levels for the frequencies of the speech area are at values of 0 dB or less, an average of 5 dB shall be considered for assessment purposes.
Second. They are added and the arithmetic average is obtained for each ear. Example:
Right ear (OD) Left ear (OI)
2000 Hz 60 dB 2000 Hz 10 dB 3000 Hz 50 dB 3000 Hz 15 dB 4000 Hz 50 dB 4000 Hz 15 dB 6000 Hz 50 dB 6000 Hz 15 dB
Sum: 210 / 4= 52.5 Sum: 55/ 4=13.7
Arithmetic average for the frequencies of the speech zone: for the right ear 52.5, for the left ear 13.7.
Third. The arithmetic average of each ear is multiplied by 0.8 (Fletcher constant) and the average loss for each ear, or Fletcher index, is obtained.
Example: OD: 52.5 x 0.8 =42 OI: 13.75 x 0.8=11
Fourth. The combined bilateral hearing loss (H.B.C.), or percentage of binaural hearing disability, is calculated.
The previous results are multiplied: the less deaf ear by 7 and the more deaf ear by 1. They are added and divided by 8.
(% less deaf ear x 7) + (% more deaf ear x 1) / 8
(11 x 7) + (42 x 1) = 77+42 = 119=14.8 (H.B.C.)
Since the result of the arithmetic operations of this procedure frequently yields values in decimal fractions, it has been considered advisable to eliminate these fractions and report whole numbers (rounding), according to the following criterion:
Up to 0.5 is rounded down to the immediately lower whole number: Example: 14.5= 14
If it is equal to or greater than 0.6 tenths, it shall be raised to the immediately higher whole number: Example: 14.8= 15.
Fifth. Calculation of the percentage of permanent partial disability: in this example it corresponds to: 15% H.B.C. and 14% permanent disability.
When the H.B.C. is between 10 and 25 percent, the adjusted Table IV shall be applied, eliminating decimals.
When the H.B.C. is 25% or greater, it suffices to subtract 5 units to obtain the percentage of permanent partial disability, up to 70%.
As of 71% H.B.C., 5 units shall no longer be subtracted, since it shall correspond to 100% Permanent Disability, given that the residual hearing is not useful for establishing human communication.
Determine the binaural functional hearing disability, without reduction for presbycusis or prior condition.
Neck
Deviation (torticollis, anterior flexion) due to muscle retraction or extensive 433 10 to 30% scar. 434 Cicatricial anterior flexion, with the chin in contact with the sternum. 40 to 60% 435 Cicatricial narrowing of the larynx producing dysphonia. 20% 436 Producing aphonia or dysphonia without dyspnea. 30 to 40% 437 When producing dyspnea on great exertion. 10% 438 When producing dyspnea on moderate or slight exertion. 20 to 70% 439 When producing dyspnea at rest. 70 to 80% 440 When dyspnea requires the permanent use of a tracheal cannula. 70 to 90% 441 When causing dysphonia (or aphonia) and dyspnea. 25 to 80% 442 Cicatricial narrowing of the pharynx with disturbance of swallowing. 20 to 40% Loss of the thyroid gland, whether or not including the parathyroids, with 443 20% adequate response to replacement treatment. Loss of the thyroid gland, whether or not including the parathyroids, without 444 26% response to replacement treatment.
Voice disorders
445 Duly verified voice disorders shall be assessed in accordance with Table IV.
Table IV
Assessment of voice disorders Category Characteristics Assessment Mild Presence of dysphonia; 10 to 20% Presence of mild symptoms based on clinical evaluation procedures; Can make himself or herself heard in a noisy environment, and Fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade. Moderate Presence of dysphonia; 21 to 40% Presence of moderate symptoms based on clinical evaluation procedures; Can make himself or herself heard in a normal environment, and Limited fitness to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade. Severe Presence of severe dysphonia or aphonia; 41 to 60% Presence of severe symptoms based on clinical evaluation procedures; Cannot make himself or herself heard in a quiet environment, and Not fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade. For workers whose voice quality is indispensable for their work performance, the assessment may not be less than 41%.
Note: The assessment percentage shall be determined by the criterion with the highest category found.
446 Swallowing disorders shall be assessed following the rules of Table V.
Swallowing disorders
Table V
Swallowing disorders Category Characteristics Assessment Mild Presence of mild symptoms, with occasional coughing 20 to 27% when eating; Choking sensation; Can eat most solid, semi-solid, semi-liquid, liquid and mixed-consistency foods;
Mealtimes are prolonged; Needs to swallow several times to get the food down, and Fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade. Moderate Presence of moderate symptoms, frequent coughing with 28 to 34% the intake of solid, semi-solid, semi-liquid, liquid and mixed-consistency foods; Weight loss of less than 10% of body weight in 6 months; Can only eat small pieces or smaller amounts of liquids than he or she was accustomed to; Increased number of bites for chewing; Needs several dry swallows to get the food down, and Fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade with difficulty, but carries them out. Severe Presence of coughing or significant choking sensation with 35 to 40% solid, semi-solid, semi-liquid, liquid and mixed-consistency foods, saliva or thick phlegm; Weight loss equal to or greater than 10% of body weight in 6 months; Must eat small amounts of food per bite; Requires several dry swallows; Presence of recurrent respiratory episodes and pneumonia, and Not fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade.
Note: The assessment percentage shall be determined by the criterion with the highest category found.
Thorax and contents
Sequelae of isolated fracture of the sternum with reduced 447 10% chest expansion movements. Sequelae of fractures of the sternum with depression or deviation, without 448 20% deep complications. 449 Sequela of fractures of one to three ribs, with pain on physical exertion. 5 to 10% Of rib or chondral fractures with pain and difficulty on thoracic exertion 450 10 to 15% or abdominal exertion. Of rib fractures with depression and more marked functional 451 20 to 30% disorders. 452 Pleural adhesions and cicatricial retractions. 20 to 30% Sequelae with bronchopulmonary alterations (bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis, pneumonitis, fibrosis, post-traumatic injuries, 453 --etc.), according to the degree of organic and functional alteration; Table VI shall be used.
Table VI
Grading of respiratory impairment in occupational lung diseases Exercise Clinical Cardio Ventilatory mechanics Respiratory insufficiency Assessment Pulmonary Dyspnea VO2max CVF FEV1 Variability FEF 25-75 Hypoxemia Hypercapnia I.P.P.% classification Borg ml/kg/min % of PEF% FEF 75-85 modified (%) 0 ≥ 25 Normal Normal 20 Mild Normal Normal 0 (59-20) 0 Normal Normal Moderate Normal Normal 5 0.5-1 20-24 Mild Mild 21-29 (19-15) Mild Normal 20-30 (79-75) (79-70) (63-59) 2-3 Moderate Moderate Severe Moderate Mild 31-40 (74-70) (69-51) (14-10) (58-54) (35-36) 4-6 15-19 Severe Severe 30-39 Very Severe Moderate 41-60 (69-65) (50-31) Severe (53-49) (37-39) (< 9) 7-8 - Very Severe Severe 61-80 (48-44) (40-44) 9-10 <15 Very Very >40 - - Very Severe 100 Severe Severe (> 45) (< 64) (> 30) In order to determine a peripheral perfusion index (IPP) in the peripheral flows greater than 50%, the FEV1 shall also be assessed. To determine an IPP greater than 60% with hypoxemia data sensed by pulse oximetry, it shall also be assessed with hypercapnia determined by arterial blood gas analysis. The cardinal point for the interpretation of spirometry shall be the use of values obtained in the healthy Mexican adult population. The assessment percentage is determined by the post-bronchodilator respiratory function tests with the lowest value found.
Pneumoconiotic fibrosis complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis, clinically and 454 bacteriologically without remission. Add 20% to the amount of the --disabilities set forth in Table VI, without exceeding one hundred percent. 455 Post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia not resolved surgically. 30 to 40% 456 Narrowing of the esophagus not resolved surgically. 20 to 70%
Heart
457 Pericardial adhesions without heart failure. 10 to 20% 458 Hypertensive heart disease without complications. 20 to 40% Hypertensive heart disease with complications of chronic renal failure, 459 sequelae of cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, with or without ventricular 100% dysfunction. 460 Heart failure class II. 20 to 40% 461 Heart failure class III. 41 to 90% 462 Heart failure class IV. 91 to 100% 463 Valvular insufficiency grade I. 20 to 40% 464 Valvular insufficiency grade II. 41 to 70% 465 Valvular insufficiency grade III. 71 to 100% 466 Incomplete atrioventricular block grade I. 20% 467 Incomplete atrioventricular block grade II (Mobitz I or Mobitz II). 25% 468 Complete atrioventricular block grade III. 30%
Abdomen
469 Inoperable inguinal, crural or abdominal hernia. 10 to 20% The same, recurring after surgical treatment (recurrent or 470 20 to 30% relapsing). 471 Vicious scars of the abdominal wall producing some disability. 10 to 30% 472 Scars with eventration, inoperable or not resolved surgically. 30 to 60% Fistulas of the digestive tract or its adnexa, inoperable or when producing 473 20 to 60% some disability. 474 Total loss of the stomach. 60 to 80% 475 Partial loss of the stomach. 30 to 40% 476 Loss of the spleen. 15% 477 Loss of the gallbladder. 15% 478 Partial loss of the small intestine. 30 to 40% 479 Total loss of the colon. 60 to 80% 480 Partial loss of the colon. 40 to 50% 481 Fecal incontinence. 60% Persistent alterations of the digestive tract, such as acid- 482 --peptic disease and irritable bowel, shall be assessed in accordance with Table VII.
Table VII
Persistent alterations of the digestive tract Class Description Assessment 1 Persistent alterations of acid-peptic disease (gastroesophageal 0% reflux, recurrent gastritis, peptic ulcer). May have a history of surgical treatment. Requires continuous treatment with complete control of symptoms. 2 Meets the criteria of class 1. 10% Has a history of surgical treatment. Requires continuous treatment without complete control of symptoms. 3 Meets the criteria of class 2. 20% Requires continuous treatment and may present systemic manifestations (anemia, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, weight loss). Anatomopathological or imaging evidence of premalignant lesions. 4 Meets the criteria of class 3. -- Has stomas (gastrostomy, gastrojejunostomy, jejunostomy). Take into account functional capacity in relation to the performance of the job. Performs light work. 40% Performs medium work. 60% Performs heavy work. 80% Unable to perform any work activity. 100%
483 Partial loss of the pancreas. 60 to 80% 484 Partial loss of the liver. 40 to 60% Other injuries or losses of the organs contained in the abdomen, 485 30 to 80% producing some proven disability as a consequence. 486 Hepatic insufficiency shall be assessed in accordance with Tables VIII and IX. --
Table VIII
Classification of stages of hepatic insufficiency Classification Scale Stage Description Child-Pugh MELD 1 Persistent alterations of liver biochemistry -- 0-9 (aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatases, bilirubins, albumin, coagulation times). Absence of esophageal varices, and Absence of ascites. 2 Meets the criteria of class 1. Class A 10-19 Presence of esophageal varices. Absence of ascites. Absence of gastrointestinal bleeding or history of gastrointestinal bleeding. Anatomopathological or imaging evidence of cirrhogenic lesions (chronic active hepatitis, steatohepatitis, portal fibrosis or centrilobular fibrosis). Requires continuous treatment with immunosuppressive corticosteroids or with immunomodulators. 3 Meets the criteria of class 2. Class B 20- 29 Presence of ascites with or without esophageal varices. Absence of gastrointestinal bleeding or history of gastrointestinal bleeding. Symptoms of hepatic insufficiency, of portal hypertension, not triggered by an acute intercurrent process, in the last two years. 4 Meets the criteria of class 3. Class C 30 or more Symptoms of hepatic insufficiency, of portal hypertension on a continuous basis despite receiving treatment. Presence of ascites. Presence of esophageal varices. Presence of gastrointestinal bleeding or history of gastrointestinal bleeding.
The Child-Pugh scale uses 5 clinical criteria of liver disease. Each criterion is measured from 1 to 3, with 3 indicating the most severe damage Weighted points attributable to each parameter 1 2 3 Encephalopathy Absent Grade 1-2 Grade 3-4 Ascites Absent Mild Moderate Serum bilirubin < 2 mg/dl 2-3 mg/dl > 3 mg/dl Serum albumin > 35 g/l 28-35 g/l < 28 g/l Prothrombin (prolonged) 1- 4 4-6 >6 Bilirubin (in primary biliary cirrhosis) < 4 mg/dl 4-10 mg/dl > 10 mg/dl
Note: For the Child-Pugh classification, the sum of the scale scores is used:
A = 5-6 points. B = 7-9 points. C = 10-15 points.
MELD scale (Model for End Stage Liver Disease): a mathematical model for predicting the survival of a person with liver disease based on values of bilirubin, international normalized ratio (INR) and creatinine.
The range of values goes from 6 to 40; the minimum value is 1 for each variable, and the lower the score, the better the prognosis. MELD Score = 9,57 Ln (Creat) + 3,78 Ln (Bili) + 11,2 Ln (INR) + 6,43
Table IX
Determination of the percentage of permanent partial or total disability by reason of hepatic insufficiency Categorization of Categories of functional capacity in relation to the performance of hepatic insufficiency the job 0 1 2 3 1 0% 30% 50% 100% 2 60% 70% 80% 100% 3 80% 90% 95% 100% 4 100% 100% 100% 100%
Genitourinary system
487 Loss or atrophy of one testicle or ovary, the other being healthy. 25% Loss or atrophy of one testicle or ovary, the other being diseased due to a 488 50% condition unrelated to work. 489 Loss or atrophy of both testicles or ovaries. 50 to 100% For loss of the function of one uterine tube with reproductive capacity 490 20% before the occupational risk. For loss of the function of both uterine tubes with reproductive 491 50% capacity before the occupational risk. 492 Loss of the uterus, with reproductive capacity before the occupational risk. 70% 493 Loss of the uterus, without reproductive capacity before the occupational risk. 40% 494 Partial or total loss of the bladder. 30% 495 Total or partial loss of the penis, or reduction or loss of its function. 50 to 100% 496 With narrowing of the urethral, perineal or hypogastric orifice. 70 to 100% Uterine prolapse following occupational accidents, not resolved 497 50 to 70% surgically. 498 For loss or mutilation of one breast with prosthesis possible. 20 to 30% 499 For loss or mutilation of one breast with prosthesis impossible. 30 to 50% 500 For loss or mutilation of both breasts with prosthesis possible. 50 to 70% Organic or functional loss of one kidney (includes adrenal gland) 501 35 to 50% with normal function of the contralateral kidney. 502 With functional disturbance of the contralateral kidney. 50 to 100% 503 Chronic renal failure shall be assessed in accordance with Table X.
Table X
Classification of stages of chronic kidney disease Stage Description Glomerular filtration Albuminuria Assessment
(mL/min/1.73m2) albumin/creatinine ratio 1 Normal or high. Greater than 90 0-30 mg/g, normal or No assessment 2 Slightly 60-89 slightly increased. 10-20% decreased.
3A Mildly to 45-59 30-300 mg/g, 20 to 40% moderately moderately increased. decreased. 3B Moderately to 30-44 41 to 60% severely decreased. 4 Severely 15-29 >300 mg/g, severely 61 to 90% decreased. increased. 5 Renal failure. Less than 15 91 to 100%
504 Permanent urinary incontinence. 30 to 40% 505 Partial narrowing of the anterior urethra, not resolved surgically. 30 to 40% 506 Partial narrowing of the posterior urethra, not resolved surgically. 60% Total narrowing of the urethra, post-traumatic, not resolved 507 surgically, requiring urination through a perineal or 60 to 90% hypogastric meatus.
Spine
Sequelae without spinal cord injury
With limitation of the arcs of mobility of the spine and permanent loss of the anatomical curvature
508 Cervical region. 30 to 50% 509 Thoracic region. 15 to 30% 510 Lumbosacral region. 30 to 50% 511 Coccygeal region. 10%
Sequelae of trauma with spinal cord injury
512 Paraplegia. 100% 513 Paraparesis of the lower limbs, if walking is impossible. 70 to 90% 514 If walking is possible with crutches. 50 to 70%
Miscellaneous classifications
The loss of both eyes, both arms above the elbow, disarticulation of the hip on both sides or of one arm above the elbow and one leg above the knee on the same side, spinal cord injury due to any trauma 515 100% producing complete paralysis of the lower limbs with sphincter disorders, and dementia shall be considered permanent total disability. Purely aesthetic deformities, according to their nature, shall be compensated at the discretion of the competent Court of the Federal Judiciary 516 only if they in some way reduce the --working capacity of the injured person, taking into account the profession in which the person is engaged. Injuries caused by the action of physical and chemical agents shall be 517 compensated in accordance with the special modalities of the 20 to 100% disability.
Scars caused by extensive burns of the integument shall be compensated taking into account the extent and depth of the 518 scarred areas, regardless of the functional disturbances they --cause in the adjacent segments, the rule of nines being taken as the basis for their assessment. Where an assessment of a sequela 519 involving the same anatomical site has previously been granted, only the difference --in the percentage of the new applicable section shall be granted. Where no specific section is found for the assessment of the sequelae presented by the worker, use shall be made of 520 --Article 17 of the Federal Labor Law in force and, by analogy, the most similar section shall be applied.
Cancers
Cancer secondary to physical, chemical or biological agents shall be assessed on the basis of the following criteria:
for the calculation of permanent partial or total disability by reason of cancers of occupational origin, the procedure for obtaining it is to carry out the following steps:
Step I: Identify the cancer from which the worker suffers according to the diagnosis and survival established by the oncology specialist, and verify with Table XI to which type of categorization the cancer of occupational origin corresponds. That is, the least aggressive cancer corresponds to item 1 and the most aggressive to item 5, based on the survival the worker may have five years after diagnosis.
Note: If the diagnosed neoplasm is not included in Table XI, its aggressiveness shall be established according to the survival determined by the oncology specialist.
521 Step 2: After identifying the categorization to which the cancer of --occupational origin belongs, establish in which category the worker is placed according to functional capacity in relation to the performance of the job; that is, for example, if the worker has colon cancer, the category of the neoplasm would be placed at item 3 of Table XI, and if the worker is found to have an assessment as restricted in functional capacities but is capable of performing work of a medium nature, the worker would be placed at item 1 of Table XII.
Step 3: Subsequently, in Table XIII, in the column for categorization of neoplasms according to their aggressiveness based on five-year survival, the item to which the cancer diagnosed in the worker belongs would be looked up, and likewise, in the column for functional categorization of neoplasms and their sequelae derived from treatment or generated by the tumor itself in relation to the performance of the worker's job, the item in which the result of the worker's assessment is placed, and an adjustment is made between both columns to find the corresponding percentage.
In the example, according to Table XII, colon cancer is placed at item 3, and according to the assessment of functional categorization, it is identified as corresponding to item 1 of Table XII, and by finding the intersection of both values we find that the result would be 70% according to Table XIII.
Table XI
Categorization of neoplasms according to their aggressiveness based on five-year survival Aggressiveness Survival Type of Neoplasm 1 90-100 Papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, and skin cancer (lip). 2 61-89 Skin cancer (non-melanoma), bone cancer, laryngeal cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and lymphoid leukemia. 3 30-60 Oropharyngeal cancer, colon cancer, urinary bladder cancer, paranasal sinus cancer, scrotal cancer and melanoma, undifferentiated thyroid cancer, myeloid leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia. 4 15-29 Multiple myeloma, plasma cell leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. 5 0-14 Bronchopulmonary cancer, stomach cancer, digestive tract cancer, central nervous system cancer, pericardial mesothelioma, peritoneal mesothelioma, pleural mesothelioma, malignant tumor of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, angiosarcoma of the liver, digestive tract cancer (esophagus) (intestinal tract) and other leukemias of specified cell type.
Table XII
Categories of functional capacity in relation to the performance of the job 0 Fully active, capable of performing all physical activity prior to the illness. 1 Restricted in functional capacities, but capable of performing work of a medium nature (activities such as moderate pushing and pulling, walking at a moderate speed, lifting 5 kg 10 times per minute or 12 kg six times per minute, for example: harvesting fruits and vegetables (bending, squatting), painting with a brush, pushing or pulling light carts or wheelbarrows, operating trucks, tractors or all-terrain construction machinery, using a pneumatic hammer, removing weeds and using a hoe).
If prior to the illness the worker's work activities were of a medium nature, the worker shall be categorized in category 0, since the worker retains the same capacity to perform activities of a medium nature. 2 Restricted in functional capacities but capable of performing work of a light nature (remaining seated, being seated doing light manual work using the hands and arms, driving a vehicle, standing doing light work with the arms and walking occasionally, casual walking not exceeding 3 km per hour and lifting 5 kg fewer than eight times per minute 12 kg fewer than four times per minute, for example: participating in a meeting (seated), reading instructions or filling out paperwork, watching a training video, using bench tools or small power tools, inspecting and sorting products, sorting light materials, assembling small parts, driving a vehicle on the highway and nailing.
If prior to the illness the worker's work activities were of a light nature, the worker shall be categorized in category 0, since the worker retains the same capacity to perform activities of a light nature. 3 Unable to perform any work activity.
Table XIII
Determination of the percentage of permanent partial or total disability by reason of occupational cancer Categorization of the Categories of functional capacity in relation to the performance of the neoplasms according to job their aggressiveness based on 0 1 2 3 five-year survival 1 0% 30% 50% 100% 2 30% 40% 60% 100% 3 60% 70% 80% 100% 4 80% 90% 95% 100% 5 100% 100% 100% 100%
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
522 HIV infection shall be assessed in accordance with Table XIV.
Table XIV
Assessment of HIV infection Stage Description Clinical category Assessment 1 Serological diagnosis of HIV infection; A1, A2, B1 and 20% No assessable disability, and B2 Requires treatment. 2 Requires continuous treatment; A3, B3 and C1 21-25% Has fewer than three annual episodes of illnesses related to the immunodeficiency, and Requires hospital medical care for at least 24 hours each time or for fewer than 30 days per year. 3 Requires continuous treatment; C2 and C3 26- 59% Has three to six annual episodes of illnesses related to the immunodeficiency; Requires hospital medical care for at least 24 hours each time or for more than 30 days per year, and Can perform the activities of daily living, with reduced capacity to perform work activities. 4 Requires continuous treatment; C2 and C3 60 to 79% Has more than six annual episodes of illnesses related to the immunodeficiency requiring hospital medical care;
Requires at least 24 hours or for more than 60 days per year, and Reduced capacity to perform the activities of daily living. 5 Meets the criteria of class 4; C2 and C3 80 to 100% Inability to perform the activities of daily living and self-care, and Depends on another person.
Mental disorders
Mental disorders shall be assessed in accordance with Table XV 523 (includes late post-concussive cranioencephalic syndrome).
Table XV Assessment of mental disorders, affective disorders (depressive, anxiety or mixed), organic mental disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders, disorders due to brain injury and speech disorders secondary to occupational accidents and diseases. When the worker presents: depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, disorder due to brain injury (aphasia, dysarthria, agnosias, apraxias, acalculias, alexias, agraphias, anomias, amnesias, attentional syndromes, cerebral contusion syndromes, post-concussive cranioencephalic syndrome, frontal syndromes, dementias) and speech disorders (dysphemia, diglossias, bradylalia, tachylalia, tachyphemia, cluttering, stammering, prosody alterations and resonance alterations), requiring continuous permanent treatment to improve or control the symptoms. Affective disorders shall be assessed at least 6 months after the corresponding treatment has begun; disorders due to brain injury and speech disorders shall be assessed as soon as the sequela is determined, in accordance with the following Table: Category Characteristics Assessment Class I Controlled with treatment (asymptomatic); 10% Permanent specialized pharmacological treatment, and Fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade. Class II With mild specific symptoms or symptoms derived from therapeutic 11 to 25% management; Permanent specialized pharmacological treatment; Specialized medical and rehabilitation therapy; May require complementary medical care from other specialties; With occasional recurrent crises that may or may not warrant hospitalization; Fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade, but performs some of them with difficulty, and Without impairment in performing the activities of daily living. Class III With moderate specific symptoms or symptoms derived from 26 to 50% therapeutic management; Permanent specialized pharmacological treatment; Specialized medical and rehabilitation therapy; May require complementary medical care from other specialties; With recurrent hospitalizations of more than one week for specialized management;
Limited fitness to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade, and Without impairment in performing the activities of daily living. Class IV With severe specific symptoms or symptoms derived from therapeutic 51 to 70% management; Permanent specialized pharmacological treatment; Specialized medical and rehabilitation therapy; Requires complementary medical care from other specialties; With recurrent hospitalizations of more than one week for specialized management; Limited fitness to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade, and Without impairment in performing the activities of daily living. Class V With severe specific symptoms or symptoms derived from therapeutic 71 to 90% management; Permanent specialized pharmacological treatment; Specialized medical and rehabilitation therapy; Requires complementary medical care from other specialties; With recurrent hospitalizations of more than one week for specialized management; Not fit to carry out the activities of his or her profession or trade, and With reduced capacity to perform the activities of daily living; can perform those of self-care. Class VI Absence of response to the treatments instituted; 100% With recurrent hospitalizations of more than one week for specialized management; Not fit to carry out remunerated activities similar to his or her profession or trade, the activities of daily living or self-care, and Depends on another person.
Note: The assessment percentage shall be determined by the criterion with the highest category found.
Blood disorders
Anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia due to exposure to physical and 524 100% chemical agents shall be assessed with the same procedure as for cancer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 513
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social actualizará simultáneamente las Tablas de Enfermedades de Trabajo, para la Valuación de Incapacidades Permanentes Resultantes de los Riesgos de Trabajo y el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, los cuales son de observancia general en todo el territorio nacional.
Para la actualización de las Tablas y del Catálogo a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social debe solicitar la opinión de la Comisión Consultiva Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, así como de especialistas en la materia.
El Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo debe ser publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, para su cumplimiento y aplicación.
TABLA DE ENFERMEDADES DE TRABAJO
Grupo I. Enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias
1. Enfermedades por ancylostoma (anquilostomiasis y necatoriasis o anemia de los mineros)
Código CIE-11: 1F68
Las personas trabajadoras que laboran como alfareros y ceramistas; en la extracción de cantera, arcilla, arena, piedra y grava; plomeros, fontaneros e instaladores de tubería; en la elaboración de productos de cemento, cal, yeso, azulejo, piedra y ladrilleros; jardineros en establecimientos; jardineros en casas particulares, ayudantes de jardineros en establecimientos; mineros y en la extracción en minas de minerales metálicos; en actividades agrícolas; de apoyo en actividades agrícolas; de apoyo en la construcción, y de apoyo en plomería e instalación de tuberías.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
2. Aspergilosis
Código CIE-11: 1F20Z
Las personas trabajadoras expuestas en criaderos de animales (aves) en la industria alimentaria avícola, limpiadoras de pieles y agrícolas (café). Tiene una gran ubicuidad en bodegas, cuevas y plantas, en medio hospitalario en el aire acondicionado contaminado con excrementos de aves y en sótanos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
3. Brucelosis (fiebre de malta, fiebre ondulante o fiebre mediterránea)
Código CIE-11: 1B95
Las personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales: ganaderos, lecheros, ordeñadores y pastores.
Las personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de productos lácteos: personal de plantas para beneficio de la leche de cabra y vaca. Matanza de ganado y aves, elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados: carniceros, empacadores de carnes y de rastros.
Las personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: personas enfermeras de veterinaria, personas trabajadoras en contacto con excrementos, fetos abortados de las hembras enfermas, leche, orina, placentas, sangre y tejidos, técnicos de laboratorio y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
4. Candidiasis (moniliasis)
Código CIE-11: 1F23.Z
Las personas trabajadoras en labores de la agricultura: agricultores y recolectores de frutas. Industrias de la transformación: fábrica de hule, fábricas de madera, fundición de metales, industria del cemento y limpieza en la industria de semiconductores. Elaboración de alimentos: manejadores de alimentos, cocineros y lavatrastos.
Las personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personas odontólogas, cirujanas, instrumentistas, enfermeras, afanadoras, técnicas patólogas y laboratoristas. En general personas trabajadoras que mantienen manos o pies constantemente húmedos, en condiciones de calor y oclusión, y las que producen maceración y personas trabajadoras que emplean guantes de plástico por tiempo prolongado.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se ve obligada a prestar sus servicios.
5. Carbunco (ántrax)
Código CIE-11: 1B97
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de reservorios, tales como: animales herbívoros, antílopes, caballos, cabras, camellos, ovejas, carneros y reses. Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: puestos de trabajo con exposición como los agricultores. Personas trabajadoras en la confección de prendas de vestir a la medida, fabricación de calzado, curtido y acabado de cuero y piel: curtidores, peleteros, taxidermistas y zapateros.
Las personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, así como hipódromos, galgódromos, lienzos charros, palenques y promoción y presentación de espectáculos taurinos: caballerangos, cardadores de lana, carniceros, ganaderos, manipuladores de crines, carne, huesos de bovinos, cerdas y cuernos, mozos de cuadra, pastores, personal de zoológicos, talabarteros, tejedores de lana, curtido y acabado de cuero y piel. Matanza de ganado y aves: personas trabajadoras de mataderos y traperos.
Las personas trabajadoras de los servicios de laboratorio para la industria en general: personal de laboratorio de microbiología. Servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: personas enfermeras de veterinaria, patólogas y veterinarias.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
6. Coccidioidomicosis (fiebre del valle de San Joaquín)
Código CIE-11: 1F25Z
Las personas trabajadoras relacionadas con la agricultura (campesinos, recolectores, entre otros), arqueólogos, chóferes en rutas que crucen por áreas endémicas, constructores de carreteras, caminos y puertos, excavadores, granjeros, médicos en contacto con laboratorios de microbiología, personal de laboratorios de microbiología, personal militar y de la construcción.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
7. COVID-19
Código CIE-11: RA01
Debido a la naturaleza de los contagios respiratorios del agente causante del COVID-19, el riesgo de las personas trabajadoras por la exposición al mismo, es mayor que el de la población general, y éste puede ser: muy alto, alto, medio o bajo. El nivel de riesgo dependerá del contacto repetido o extendido con fuentes posibles de contagio por ejercicio o motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Los trabajos de acuerdo con su nivel de riesgo de exposición al agente son:
a) Riesgo de exposición muy alto
Trabajos que entran en contacto directo con fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente durante procedimientos médicos o de laboratorio, como personal de la salud: médicos, enfermeras, dentistas, personal que maneja cadáveres de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, personal de laboratorio o gabinete que maneje especímenes contaminados de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, entre otros.
b) Riesgo de exposición alto
Trabajos que brindan atención al público en unidades médicas donde se encuentran fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente, como: asistentes médicas, personas trabajadoras sociales, farmacéuticos, técnicos y auxiliares, personal de orientación al público, paramédicos, enfermeras, médicos, personal de mantenimiento, personal que proporciona transporte médico a pacientes, personas trabajadoras sociales, servicio de lavandería, alimentos y limpieza, entre otros.
c) Riesgo de exposición medio
Trabajos que brindan atención al público (que no sea en unidades médicas) donde no se conoce la exposición a fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas pero es posible encontrar al agente, como las que se dedican a: la preparación y servicio de alimentos y bebidas, servicios de administración pública y seguridad social, servicios de alojamiento temporal, servicios financieros y de seguros (bancos, financieras, compañías de seguros y similares), servicios personales para el hogar y diversos, servicios de transporte público o privado (terrestre, aéreo, marítimo, o ferroviario), servicios de docencia y cuidado de infantes y personas adultas, entre otros.
d) Riesgo de exposición bajo
Trabajos que no requieren contacto con el público en general o con clientes, proveedores o compañeros de trabajo o el contacto ocupacional es mínimo, sin embargo, el riesgo debe ser mayor que el de la población general.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
8. Encefalitis viral / encefalitis viral de rocío / encefalitis de california / encefalitis de la crosse / encefalitis por henipavirus / encefalitis por el virus de la parotiditis / encefalitis por herpes simple / encefalitis por el virus de la rubéola / encefalitis por varicela / encefalitis japonesa
Código CIE-11: 1C80, 1C87, 1C8B, 1C8D, 1D63, 1D80.3, 1F00.21, 1E90.2, 1C85
Las personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: agricultores, agropecuarios y jornaleros. Personas trabajadoras en la construcción de obras de infraestructura y edificaciones en obra pública y o no pública. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, techadores, personas trabajadoras de la construcción y de carreteras.
Las personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales: cuidadores de pajareras y zoológicos, granjeros y silvicultores. Explotación de bosques madereros; extracción de productos forestales no maderables, y servicios de explotación forestal: personas trabajadoras forestales, guardabosques y operadores madereros. Otros puestos de trabajo: soldados.
Las personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural: personas trabajadoras con exposición durante estudios ecológicos, investigadores con trabajo al aire libre, biólogos, entomólogos y geólogos. Servicios de fumigación, desinfección y control de plagas: jardineros y jardineros ornamentales. Servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: patólogos, personal de laboratorio y personas trabajadoras de la salud. Servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: ornitólogos y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
9. Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, sin mención de tuberculosis o malaria, sin especificación
Código CIE-11: 1C62.Z
Las personas trabajadoras que laboran en los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares; personal de ambulancias, en bancos de sangre, en contacto con sangre u objetos contaminados con sangre humana procedente de pacientes infectados con Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), estomatólogos, laboratoristas de análisis clínicos, personal de lavandería, limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, así como médicos, paramédicos, enfermeras y dentistas.
Personas trabajadoras en materia de seguridad que se vean expuestos durante actos de violencia a sangre humana contaminada con VIH, custodios, agentes policías y personal de seguridad. Las personas trabajadoras que durante el desempeño de sus labores son víctimas de violación sexual.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
10. Erisipeloide. (enfermedad de los manipuladores de pescado, dedos de ballenero, erisipeloide de rosenbach)
Código CIE-11: 1B96
Personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales porcinos y ovejas: carniceros y personas que manipulan cerdos. Elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados: personas trabajadoras de las plantas empacadoras de carne.
Personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado, empacado de pescados, mariscos y otros productos marinos: personas trabajadoras que manipulan mariscos o peces y sus productos, así como pescadores. Matanza de ganado y aves: personas trabajadoras en contacto con animales o sus cadáveres, corrales, cuero y otros materiales, en mataderos y pelo de animales. Servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: personas enfermeras de veterinaria, patólogos y personas trabajadoras de rastros y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
11. Sarna (escabiosis)
Código CIE-11: 1G04 Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal: recamareras y personal de lavandería. Servicios de peluquería y salones de belleza: peluqueros, estilistas y personal de spa. Servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural: puericultistas, maestros de todos los niveles educativos y técnicos en educación. Servicios médicos y de asistencia social: personal de limpieza en albergues, guarderías, sanatorios y personas trabajadoras de la salud. Servicios veterinarios: veterinarios, cuidadores, criadores y personal de estética. Soldados y personal penitenciario.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
12. Borreliosis de lyme (enfermedad de lyme, espiroquetosis)
Código CIE-11: 1C1G
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: agricultores, agrimensura y jornaleros. Caza: cazadores de venados. Construcción de edificaciones: excepto obra pública. Construcciones de obras de infraestructura y edificaciones en obra pública: mantenimiento de parques o cuidado de flora y fauna. Construcciones de obras de infraestructura y edificaciones en obra pública: topógrafos. Cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales: granjeros. Explotación de bosques madereros; extracción de productos forestales no maderables y servicios de explotación forestal: silvicultores.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural: personas trabajadoras con exposición durante estudios ecológicos. Servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: enfermeros de veterinaria, patólogos y veterinarios. Transporte ferroviario y eléctrico: personas trabajadoras ferroviarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
13. Esporotricosis
Código CIE-11: 1F2J.Z
Personas trabajadoras como: agricultores, campesinos, carpinteros, empacadores de loza, empacadores de tierra y plantas, floricultores, forestales, jardineros, mineros, personas trabajadoras de zacate, de pieles y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
14. Esquistosomiasis (fiebre de katayama, cercariosis cutánea y esquistosoma)
Código CIE-11: 1F86.Z
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con aguas contaminadas, de la construcción de presas, diques, estanques o de canales de irrigación, salvavidas de lagos contaminados y personas trabajadoras agrícolas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
15. Fiebre del dengue (dengue clásico, fiebre rompe-huesos y fiebre del dengue hemorrágico)
Código CIE-11: 1D2Z
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: agricultores, agropecuarios y jornaleros. Servicios con transporte de agencias de gestión aduanal, de mensajería y paquetería, de equipajes, viajes, turísticas y otras actividades relacionadas con los transportes en general: agentes turísticos y guías de turismo. Servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: enfermeras, médicos, patólogos y personas trabajadoras de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras del transporte aéreo: pilotos, tripulantes de cabina de pasajeros o personal de nave que viajan a zonas endémicas. Transporte de pasajeros, así como transporte de carga: conductores de pasajeros y de transporte de carga que viajan a zonas endémicas. Transporte ferroviario y eléctrico: maquinistas de tren y personas trabajadoras de ferrocarril provenientes de zonas no endémicas comisionados para realizar labores en zonas endémicas. Marineros, militares y personas trabajadoras provenientes de zonas no endémicas comisionados para realizar labores en zonas endémicas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
16. Hepatitis aguda tipo B
Código CIE-11: 1E50.1
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personal de ambulancias, laboratoristas en bancos de sangre, en contacto con sangre u objetos contaminados con sangre humana procedente de pacientes infectados con hepatitis B. Estomatólogos y dentistas, laboratoristas de análisis clínicos, personal de lavandería, personal de limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, personal médico, paramédicos y personal de enfermería. Policías y personal de guardia y seguridad.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
17. Hepatitis aguda tipo C
Código CIE-11: 1E50.2
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personal de ambulancias, laboratoristas en bancos de sangre en contacto con sangre u objetos contaminados con sangre humana procedente de pacientes infectados con hepatitis C; estomatólogos y dentistas; laboratoristas de análisis clínicos. Personal de lavandería, limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, personal médico, paramédicos, personal de enfermería, policías, personal de guardia y seguridad.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
18. Hepatitis aguda tipo D (hepatitis viral sin otra especificación)
Código CIE-11: 1E50.3
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personal de ambulancias, laboratoristas en bancos de sangre, en contacto con sangre u objetos contaminados con sangre humana procedente de pacientes infectados con hepatitis D; estomatólogos y dentistas; laboratoristas de análisis clínicos, personal de lavandería, de limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, personal médico, paramédicos, personal de enfermería, policías, personal de guardia y de seguridad.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
19. Hepatitis aguda tipo E (hepatitis viral sin otra especificación)
Código CIE-11: 1E50.4
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personal de ambulancias, estomatólogos y dentistas. Laboratoristas de análisis clínicos, personal de lavandería, personal de limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, personal médico, paramédicos, personal de enfermería, policías y personal de guardia y de seguridad.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
20. Histoplasmosis
Código CIE-11: 1F2A
Personas trabajadoras en actividades tales como: geólogos y ayudantes de exploración, excavadores, personas trabajadoras en la extracción y manejo de guano; instructores de actividades recreativas (cuevas, grutas, túneles, pozos), mineros y exploradores de cavernas (espeleólogos). Personas trabajadoras en la demolición de construcciones antiguas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
21. Infecciones herpéticas (herpes simple)
Código CIE-11: 1F00
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: personal de ambulancias, estomatólogos y dentistas; laboratoristas de análisis clínicos, personal de lavandería, personal de limpieza, mantenimiento, de las salas de urgencias en hospitales y sanatorios, personal médico, paramédicos, personal de enfermería; personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal, personal de limpieza, mantenimiento en hoteles, residencias y moteles.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
22. Influenza aviar o gripe aviar o infección por virus A H5N1
Código CIE-11: 1E31
Debido a la naturaleza de contagio respiratorio del agente causante, el riesgo de las personas trabajadoras por la exposición al mismo es mayor que el de la población en general, y éste puede ser: muy alto, alto, medio o bajo. El nivel de riesgo dependerá del contacto repetido o extendido con fuentes posibles de contagio por ejercicio o motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Los trabajos de acuerdo con su nivel de riesgo de exposición al agente son:
a) Riesgo de exposición muy alto
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que entran en contacto directo con fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente durante procedimientos médicos o de laboratorio, como personal de la salud: médicos, enfermeras, dentistas, personal que maneja cadáveres de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, personal de laboratorio o gabinete que maneje especímenes contaminados de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, entre otros.
b) Riesgo de exposición alto
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que brindan atención al público en unidades médicas donde se encuentran fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente, como: asistentes médicas, trabajadoras sociales, farmacéuticos, técnicos y auxiliares, personal de orientación al público, paramédicos, enfermeras, médicos, personal de mantenimiento, personal que proporciona transporte médico a pacientes de personas trabajadoras sociales, servicio de lavandería, alimentos y limpieza, entre otros.
c) Riesgo de exposición medio
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que brindan atención al público (que no sea en unidades médicas) donde no se conoce la exposición a fuentes confirmados o sospechosas pero es posible encontrar al agente, como las que se dedican a: la preparación y servicio de alimentos y bebidas, servicios de administración pública y seguridad social, servicios de alojamiento temporal, servicios financieros y de seguros (bancos, financieras, compañías de seguros y similares), servicios personales para el hogar y diversos, servicios de transporte público o privado (terrestre, aéreo, marítimo, o ferroviario), servicios de docencia y cuidado de infantes y personas adultas, entre otros.
d) Riesgo de exposición bajo
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que no requieren contacto con el público en general o con clientes, proveedores o compañeros de trabajo o el contacto ocupacional es mínimo, sin embargo, el riesgo debe ser mayor que el de la población general.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
23. Influenza pandémica
Código CIE-11: 1E32
Debido a la naturaleza de contagio respiratorio del agente causante, el riesgo de las personas trabajadoras por la exposición al mismo es mayor que el de la población general, y éste puede ser: muy alto, alto, medio o bajo. El nivel de riesgo dependerá del contacto repetido o extendido con fuentes posibles de contagio por ejercicio o motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se ve obligado a prestar sus servicios.
Los trabajos de acuerdo con su nivel de riesgo de exposición al agente son:
a) Riesgo de exposición muy alto
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que entran en contacto directo con fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente durante procedimientos médicos o de laboratorio, como personal de la salud: médicos, enfermeras, dentistas, personal que maneja cadáveres de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, personal de laboratorio o gabinete que maneje especímenes contaminados de pacientes confirmados o sospechosos al agente, entre otros.
b) Riesgo de exposición alto
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que brindan atención al público en unidades médicas donde se encuentran fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas al agente, como: asistentes médicas, trabajadoras sociales, farmacéuticos, técnicos y auxiliares, personal de orientación al público, paramédicos, enfermeras, médicos, personal de mantenimiento, personal que proporciona transporte médico a pacientes de personas trabajadoras sociales, servicio de lavandería, alimentos y limpieza, entre otros.
c) Riesgo de exposición medio
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que brindan atención al público (que no sea en unidades médicas), donde no se conoce la exposición a fuentes confirmadas o sospechosas pero es posible encontrar al agente, como las que se dedican a: la preparación y servicio de alimentos y bebidas, servicios de administración pública y seguridad social, servicios de alojamiento temporal, servicios financieros y de seguros (bancos, financieras, compañías de seguros y similares), servicios personales para el hogar y diversos, servicios de transporte público o privado (terrestre, aéreo, marítimo o ferroviario), servicios de docencia y cuidado de infantes y personas adultas, entre otros.
d) Riesgo de exposición bajo
Personas trabajadoras con actividades que no requieren contacto con el público en general o con clientes, proveedores o compañeros de trabajo o el contacto ocupacional es mínimo, sin embargo, el riesgo debe ser mayor que el de la población general.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
24. Leishmaniasis (úlcera de oriente, leishmaniasis americana, úlcera de los chicleros)
Código CIE-11: 1F54
Personas trabajadoras como los chicleros y huleros, leñadores de las regiones tropicales, personal militar, vainilleros, entre otros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
25. Leptospirosis (enfermedad de weil, fiebre icterohemorrágica, fiebre de los cortadores de caña, fiebre de los pantanos, fiebre del fango, ictericia hemorrágica o enfermedad de stuttgart)
Código CIE-11: 1B91 Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura: agricultores, jornaleros, personas trabajadoras en la compraventa de chatarra, fierro viejo, partes o mecanismos usados y desperdicios en general, recolectores de basura. Personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, cuidadores y manipuladores de animales y granjeros. Curtido y acabado de cuero y piel, personal de deslanado y descarnado de cuero. Personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de pescados, mariscos y otros productos marinos, empacadores de pescados y mariscos, pescadores. Personas trabajadoras en la explotación de bosques madereros; extracción de productos forestales no maderables y servicios de explotación forestal, leñadores. Personas trabajadoras en la extracción y beneficio de carbón mineral, grafito, minerales no metálicos y metálicos, mineros cuando previamente exista silicosis. Personas trabajadoras de instalaciones sanitarias, eléctricas, de gas y de aire acondicionado, gasfitero, instalador de conexiones de gas, técnico de refrigeración y aire acondicionado. Personas trabajadoras de alcantarillado y drenajes. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves, de mataderos, traperos de ganado equino y de rastros. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares, enfermeros y ayudantes de veterinaria y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
26. Micetoma (pie de madura o maduromicosis)
Código CIE-11: 1F29
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: personas trabajadoras del campo que producen avena, cebada y centeno. Molineros de trigo, panaderos. Personas trabajadoras de aserraderos. En climas tropicales, personas trabajadoras expuestas a la contaminación de materiales vegetales como cactus, cañas, instrumentos agrícolas, espinas, hierbas, piedras y zacates; jornaleros. Pescadores o personas trabajadoras expuestas a las escamas del pescado.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
27. Muermo (farcinosis)
Código CIE-11: 1B92
Personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, así como hipódromos, galgódromos, lienzos charros, palenques, promoción y presentación de espectáculos taurinos, caballerangos, carniceros, cuidadores de ganado equino, granjeros, herrador de caballos, jinetes, mozos de cuadra, o de rancho ganadero; soldados de caballería en el ejército. Las personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves; personas trabajadoras de mataderos, traperos de ganado equino y de rastros. Las personas trabajadoras de los servicios de laboratorio de microbiología, químicos, laboratoristas, personal de limpieza de laboratorio de microbiología. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares, enfermeros de veterinaria y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
28. Oncocercosis (ceguera de los ríos)
Código CIE-11: 1F6A
Personas trabajadoras agrícolas principalmente en zonas de las plantaciones cafetaleras, agricultores de café y jornaleros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
29. Paludismo (malaria)
Código CIE-11: 1F40.Z, 1F41.Z, 1F41.Y, 1F42.Y
Personas trabajadoras como campesinos, conductores de trenes y vehículos de carga o pasajeros que viajan a zona endémica; floricultores, marineros, obreros, pilotos; personas trabajadoras de la salud y expuestas en zonas endémicas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
30. Pediculosis de la cabeza
Código CIE-11: 1G00.0
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal: recamareras y personal de lavandería; personas trabajadoras de los servicios de peluquería y salones de belleza, como peluqueros, estilistas y personal de spa. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural, puericultistas, maestros de todos los niveles educativos y técnicos en educación.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos y de asistencia social; personal de limpieza en albergues, guarderías, sanatorios y de la salud. Soldados y personal penitenciario.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
31. Psitacosis (ornitosis)
Código CIE-11: 1C22
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como la agricultura: agricultores, granjeros y avicultores; personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, así como hipódromos, galgódromos, lienzos charros, palenques y promoción y presentación de espectáculos taurinos: cuidadores de aves y de zoológicos. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves; en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados como carniceros. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves; personas trabajadoras de mataderos de aves, elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de productos avícolas y personas trabajadoras en contacto con aves.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de laboratorio de microbiología para la industria en general como químicos, laboratoristas y personal de aseo de laboratorio de microbiología. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares como biólogos, taxidermistas y veterinarios, ornitólogos y tiendas de mascotas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
32. Rabia o hidrofobia (encefalitis aguda y mortal)
Código CIE-11: 1C82
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura como agricultores, agropecuarios y jornaleros. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de fumigación, desinfección y control de plagas como jardineros, jardineros ornamentales, así como, personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural como conservadores de la naturaleza, ecologistas, investigadores, exploradores de cavernas, de bioterios e investigadores.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares como personas trabajadoras de perreras, personal en contacto con animales infectados y veterinarios. Personas trabajadoras de zoológicos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
33. Rickettsiosis (tifus murino, fiebre maculosa de las montañas rocallosas, fiebre q o de queensland y fiebre manchada)
Código CIE-11: 1C30.0, 1C31.0, 1C33
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura como agricultores, agropecuarios y jornaleros. Personas trabajadoras de la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, hipódromos, galgódromos, lienzos charros, palenques, así como promoción y presentación de espectáculos taurinos como granjeros, caballerangos, jinetes, cuidadores y ordeñadores. Personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados, como personas trabajadoras que elaboran y preparan carnes. Personas trabajadoras en la explotación de bosques madereros; extracción de productos forestales no maderables y servicios de explotación forestal como forestales, guardabosques y operadores madereros. Personas trabajadoras en la fabricación de resinas sintéticas, plastificantes y caucho. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves, como operadores de mataderos.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares: enfermeras, personal de laboratorios biológicos y de diagnóstico, de centros de diálisis y de lavandería. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares, como biólogos, taxidermistas, veterinarios, ornitólogos y personal en las tiendas de mascotas. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de educación y asistencia como escuelas, hospicios, guarderías, asilos, prisiones, como maestros, educadoras, puericultistas, afanadoras de guarderías, guardias de prisión, celadores, soldados y marinos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
34. Rubéola (sarampión alemán o sarampión de tres días)
Código CIE-11: 1F02
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal: de hoteles, residencias y moteles. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural, como maestros de preescolar, primaria y de guarderías. Personas trabajadoras en servicios médicos como: médicos, enfermeras, paramédicos, auxiliares, personal de limpieza en hospitales y sanatorios, terapistas y de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
35. Sarampión
Código CIE-11: 1F03
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal: de hoteles, residencias y moteles. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural, como maestros de preescolar, primaria y de guarderías. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos como: médicos, enfermeras, paramédicos, auxiliares, personal de limpieza en hospitales, sanatorios, terapistas y en el sector salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
36. Sífilis no venérea
Código CIE-11: 1C1F
Personas trabajadoras en la fabricación de vidrio y productos de vidrio, como sopladores de vidrio. Personas trabajadoras dedicadas a las inhumaciones y servicios conexos, como mozos de anfiteatro. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, como paramédicos y auxiliares, enfermeras, médicos, patólogos y de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
37. Tétanos
Código CIE-11: 1C13
Personas trabajadoras en las actividades industriales de la metalmecánica como cortadores, herreros, soldadores, operadores de tornos, prensas y guillotinas, estibadores, peones de carga, ayudantes generales y personal de mantenimiento de maquinaria.
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura: puestos de trabajo con exposición como los agricultores y jornaleros. Personas trabajadoras en la cría y explotación de ganado y otras clases de animales, hipódromos, galgódromos, lienzos charros, palenques, así como promoción y presentación de espectáculos taurinos, como caballerangos, carniceros, cuidadores de ganado equino, granjeros, herreros, jinetes y mozos de cuadra.
Personas trabajadoras en la preparación y servicio de alimentos, como cocineros. Personas trabajadoras en los servicios de reparación, lavado, engrasado de vehículos automotores, verificación de emisión de contaminantes, servicios mecánicos y de hojalatería, como mecánicos, hojalateros; lavadores, verificadores y ayudantes generales.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares, como médicos, enfermeras, personal de laboratorios biológicos y de diagnóstico, del sector de la salud que manipulan objetos corto-punzantes. Personas trabajadoras en la generación, transmisión y distribución de energía eléctrica, como electricistas. Otros puestos de trabajo, como soldados y marinos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
38. Toxoplasmosis
Código CIE-11: 1F57.Y Personas trabajadoras laboratoristas, manipuladores de gatos en tiendas o estéticas para mascotas, de rastros y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
39. Tuberculosis miliar
Código CIE-11: 1B13
Personas trabajadoras en la extracción y beneficio de carbón mineral, grafito, minerales no metálicos y metálicos, como mineros cuando previamente exista silicosis. Personas trabajadoras de las inhumaciones y servicios conexos, como mozos de anfiteatro. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves. Personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados, como carniceros, de rastros, veterinarios y auxiliares de veterinario.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de aseo y limpieza, como afanadoras. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de asistencia social, como albergues para indigentes, centros de refugiados o de inmigrantes, centros de tratamiento para adicciones e instituciones correccionales.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares, como médicos, enfermeras, personal de laboratorios biológicos y de diagnóstico, de centros de diálisis y de lavandería en sanatorios. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios veterinarios y auxiliares, como enfermeros de veterinaria, patólogos y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
40. Tuberculosis respiratoria confirmada bacteriológica e histológicamente y otras micobacteriosis
Código CIE-11: 1B10, 1G80
Personas trabajadoras en la extracción y beneficio de carbón mineral, grafito, minerales no metálicos y metálicos, como mineros cuando previamente exista silicosis. Personas trabajadoras de las inhumaciones y servicios conexos, como mozos de anfiteatro. Personas trabajadoras en la matanza de ganado y aves. Personas trabajadoras en la elaboración, preparación, conservación, envasado y empacado de carnes y sus derivados, como carniceros y de rastros.
Personas trabajadoras de servicios de aseo y limpieza, como afanadoras. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de asistencia social, como de albergues para indigentes, de centros de refugiados o de inmigrantes, de centros de tratamiento para adicciones e instituciones correccionales.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares, como médicos, enfermeras, personal de laboratorios biológicos y de diagnóstico, de centros de diálisis y de lavandería en sanatorios. Servicios veterinarios y auxiliares: enfermeros de veterinaria, patólogos y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
41. Varicela
Código CIE-11: 1E90
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de alojamiento temporal: de hoteles, residencias y moteles. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de enseñanza académica, capacitación, investigación científica y difusión cultural, como maestros de preescolar, primaria y de guarderías.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, paramédicos y auxiliares, como médicos, enfermeras, paramédicos, personal de limpieza en hospitales, sanatorios y de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo II. Cánceres de origen laboral
42. Neoplasias primarias del cerebro
Código CIE-11: 2A00
Las personas trabajadoras con actividades agrícolas, especialmente aquellas expuestas a plaguicidas, herbicidas y pesticidas. Personas trabajadoras de la electricidad, el caucho y el petróleo. Personas trabajadoras de la industria química, como expuestas a disolventes orgánicos, de laboratorio, de investigación en la producción de gas mostaza. Personas trabajadoras en contacto y producción de estireno y poliestireno, productores del plástico: personas trabajadoras expuestas en las industrias de la producción de cloruro de vinilo en plantas de polimerización, donde se usen derivados halogenados de los hidrocarburos alifáticos, diclorometano, triclorometano, tribromometano, dicloro-2-etano, tricloroetano, dicloroetano, tricloroetileno, cloropropileno, cloro-2-butadieno, tetracloruro de carbono, y aquellas personas trabajadoras expuestas a metales pesados, como arsénico, mercurio, plomo, oro y plata. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en las industrias que manejen disolventes orgánicos, como los pintores, entre otros. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, asistencia social y veterinarios, como radiólogos, técnicos radiólogos, odontólogos, anestesiólogos, personal de quirófano. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil, con las personas trabajadoras de asfalto, nucleares, técnicos, analistas de estructuras. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de las telecomunicaciones, televisión, radio y telefonía celular. Personas trabajadoras en la refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón, de la gasificación del carbón, de la fabricación de neumáticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
43. Carcinoma in situ del ojo o de los anexos oculares
Código CIE-11: 2E6A
Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, ganadería, pesca, silvicultura, industria de la construcción, tales como, personas trabajadoras que laboren en ambientes expuestos, como son los agricultores, pescadores, peones, marineros y aserradores. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción, tales como, albañiles, constructores, de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil, en la pavimentación de carreteras, de construcción en techos e impermeabilizantes; carpinteros, ebanistas, artesanos; del vidrio, de la limpieza en las centrales nucleares. En suma, toda persona expuesta a la radiación solar y sin protección por trabajar al aire libre tiene un riesgo notable, fundamentalmente si tiene piel blanca o clara o predisposición genética.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
44. Neoplasias malignas de la orofaringe
Código CIE-11: 2B6A
Personas trabajadoras con actividades económicas y puestos de trabajo a los que se pueden asociar la industria química, expuestas a disolventes orgánicos y de la producción de herbicidas y pesticidas. Personas trabajadoras en laboratorios de investigación en la producción de gas mostaza. Personas trabajadoras que manejan disolventes orgánicos como los pintores. Personas trabajadoras de la extracción y beneficio de minerales no metálicos, como los mineros de carbón que se exponen a derivados del petróleo, vapores de solventes, mecánicos de vehículos de motores de combustión, chóferes, aquellas personas expuestas a polvos de madera u orgánicos, los de la industria del carbón y la construcción expuestas a cemento y personal de la salud expuesto a papiloma virus.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
45. Neoplasias malignas de la nasofaringe
Código CIE-11: 2B6B Personas trabajadoras en actividades económicas y puestos de trabajo, tales como: la extracción de cadmio, metalurgia en la producción de materiales con cadmio, exposición a pinturas con cadmio, producción de fertilizantes, papel, maderas laminadas y resinas, carpinteros. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a combustibles para motores, disolventes de grasas, aceites y pinturas; en el grabado fotográfico de impresiones; como intermediario químico en la manufactura de detergentes, explosivos, productos farmacéuticos y pinturas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
46. Neoplasias malignas de la cavidad nasal y senos paranasales
Código CIE-11: 2C20 y 2C22
Personas trabajadoras en actividades económicas y puestos de trabajo, tales como: carpinteros, ebanistas, leñadores y demás personas trabajadoras asociadas al manejo de la madera, de la industria química, de la refinación, en la extracción y procesamiento del cromo el níquel y el radio, aquellas expuestas a pinturas y solventes, expuestas a gases oxigenados del petróleo, en la producción de fertilizantes, papel, maderas laminadas y resinas, granjeros y personal expuesto a polvos orgánicos. Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura en la molienda de la harina o trabajos de panadería. Personas trabajadoras de la industria del calzado e industria del cuero, como los curtidores de las pieles.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
47. Neoplasias malignas de la laringe y alteraciones de la voz sin especificación
Código CIE-11: 2C23, MA82.Z
Personas trabajadoras de la industria química, como los de laboratorio de investigación en la producción de gas mostaza, en la industria del plástico como los expuestos en la fabricación y producción de plásticos, en contacto de industrias que manejan disolventes orgánicos, como los pintores; de minas de oro; de la industria del asbesto, de las personas trabajadoras de la industria del acero, en plantas siderúrgicas, expuestas en la producción y uso de plaguicidas. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción de edificaciones y obras de ingeniería civil como los albañiles, techadores, peones expuestos al asbesto. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a la combustión de carbón, petróleo y gasolina, basuras; cocineros, de la industria metalúrgica, curtidores, granjeros, de la construcción. Personas trabajadoras de la industria farmacéutica como los que manejan quimioterapéuticos. Personas trabajadoras que utilizan la voz frecuentemente como cantantes, vocalistas, coristas, maestros, profesores, locutores, personal que atiende al público, camareros, teleoperadores, comerciantes, guías de turistas, carpinteros, escultores, entrenadores, monitores, traductor, todos aquellos oficios o profesiones en los que las personas trabajadoras usan su voz como herramienta de trabajo.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
48. Neoplasias malignas de la tráquea
Código CIE-11: 2C24
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al cloruro de metileno, la fundición de metales, al asbesto, la sílica, el caucho y los polvos de madera, aumenta la probabilidad de padecer este padecimiento. Algunos puestos laborales asociados son pintores, manufactureros farmacéuticos, productores de removedores de pintura, asociados a la industria metalúrgica, producción y manejo de caucho, carpinteros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
49. Carcinoma de la mama, tipo especializado
Código CIE-11: 2C60
Personas trabajadoras en actividades de tipo nuclear, técnicas y analistas de estructuras, de la salud como radiólogos, técnicos radiólogos, dentistas, de bares, restaurantes y centros nocturnos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
50. Melanoma de la piel
Código CIE-11: 2C30
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción en general y de carreteras, obras industriales, técnicos de laboratorio bacteriológico, deportistas profesionales, industria farmacéutica, forestación, industria maderera, enfermeros, médicos guías de montaña, instructores de esquí, peluqueros, marineros, pescadores, mecánicos dentales, militares, cosmetólogos, minería a cielo abierto, litografía, imprenta, industria del petróleo, curado de plástico, jardineros, parquistas, irradiación de alimentos, tareas rurales, agricultores, personas empleadas de solárium, ferroviarios y de transporte.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
51. Carcinoma de células escamosas de la piel
Código CIE-11: 2C31
Personas trabajadoras en la industria de la construcción en general y de carreteras, obras industriales, técnicos de laboratorio bacteriológico, deportistas profesionales, industria farmacéutica, forestación, industria maderera, enfermeros, médicos guías de montaña, instructores de esquí, peluqueros, marineros, pescadores, mecánicos dentales, militares, cosmetólogos, minería a cielo abierto, litografía, imprenta, industria del petróleo, curado de plástico, jardineros, parquistas, irradiación de alimentos, tareas rurales, agricultores, personas empleadas de solárium, ferroviarios y de transporte.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
52. Carcinoma basocelular de la piel
Código CIE-11: 2C32
Personas trabajadoras en la industria de la construcción en general y de carreteras, obras industriales, técnicos de laboratorio bacteriológico, deportistas profesionales, industria farmacéutica, forestación, industria maderera, enfermeros, médicos guías de montaña, instructores de esquí, peluqueros, marineros, pescadores, mecánicos dentales, militares, cosmetólogos, minería a cielo abierto, litografía, imprenta, industria del petróleo, curado de plástico, jardineros, parquistas, irradiación de alimentos, tareas rurales, agricultores, personas empleadas de solárium, ferroviarios y de transporte.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
53. Neoplasias malignas de la glándula tiroides
Código CIE-11: 2D10
Personas trabajadoras en la fabricación de calzado e industria del cuero, curtidores de pieles, refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón, personas empleadas de gasolineras, huleros, productores de plásticos, transporte terrestre, conductores de autobuses, operarios, equipo de transporte y sus partes, mecánicos de motores de diésel, de la construcción, de edificaciones de obras de ingeniería civil, nucleares, técnicos, analistas de estructuras, de industria química, productores de estireno y poliestireno, productores de plásticos, caucho, servicios médicos, asistencia social, veterinarios y de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
54. Mesotelioma de la pleura
Código CIE-11: 2C26.0
Personas trabajadoras en la minería, procesamiento, transporte y manipulación de amianto; fabricación y uso de productos que contienen amianto. Molinero de asbesto, fabricantes de productos con asbesto-cemento (láminas, tinacos, entre otros). Personas trabajadoras de hojas metálicas; en la industria de revestimiento, astilleros, manufactureros de textiles, producción de materiales aislantes o filtros; en la industria de hule, plástico, resinas y polímeros. Mecánicos de frenos, fabricantes de materiales de fricción, tales como: balatas, frenos, embragues, entre otros. Personas trabajadoras en la industria de la construcción de edificaciones y obras de ingeniería civil.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
55. Adenocarcinoma del bronquio o del pulmón
Código CIE-11: 2C25.0
Personas trabajadoras en la minería y trabajo subterráneo; procesamiento de minerales. Personas trabajadoras en minas, canteras y fundiciones; de la industria de la cerámica, el cemento y el vidrio; en actividades de construcción, fabricación de pesticidas y otros productos químicos; agrícolas; mineros, fundidores y refinado de metales; de salud como médicos y veterinarios. Soldadores, expuestas a humos de cigarro, de contaminantes ambientales, por el entorno laboral, tales como, meseros, cantineros, de los casinos o como los policías de tráfico urbano, conductores profesionales, entre otros. Personas trabajadoras de la refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón expuestas a gasificación del carbón, arsénico y compuestos arsenicales; de aceites minerales no tratados del petróleo.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
56. Neoplasias malignas del esófago
Código CIE-11: 2B70
Personas trabajadoras mineras, dedicadas a la extracción de minerales no metálicos; de la industria de la cerámica, molinero de asbesto, de hojas metálicas, industria de revestimiento, manufactureros de textiles, producción de materiales aislantes o filtros, industria del hule, plástico, resinas y polímero. Personas trabajadoras de la producción, reparación de equipos de transporte y sus partes, mecánicos de frenos, fabricantes materiales de fricción. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción de edificaciones y obras de ingeniería civil, como albañiles, peones, jefes de obra, entre otros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
57. Neoplasias malignas del estómago (cáncer gástrico)
Código CIE-11: 2B72
Personas trabajadoras en servicios como: mineros de carbón, en el procesamiento de hierro y acero, manufactura, procesamiento de madera, construcción, minería, manufactura marítima, agricultura, ganadería, perforadores de pozos, herreros, albañiles, carpinteros, operadores de máquinas, en la industria del cuero y en el manejo del cemento portland.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
58. Neoplasias malignas del hígado o de las vías biliares intrahepáticas
Código CIE-11: 2C12.Z
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, asistencia social y veterinarios: personas trabajadoras de la salud; industria química: de la producción de cloruro de vinilo o copolímeros, expuestas en minas de arsénico, productor y uso de plaguicidas, herreros, industrias de plásticos, limpiadores de vasos de reacción del monómero de cloruro de vinilo, mineros del arsénico, reparadores de energía eléctrica y de vidrio; de la industria restaurantera, de la agricultura, así como los mineros y fundidores de cobre, plomo y zinc. Personas trabajadoras en la ganadería, industria en el procesamiento del pollo y del puerco. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores y de imprenta.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
59. Neoplasias malignas de colon y recto
Código CIE-11: 2B90, 2B91, 2B92
Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, manufactura, industria de la cerámica, molinero de asbesto, de hojas metálicas, industria de revestimiento, manufactureros de textiles, producción de materiales aislantes o filtros, industria del hule, plástico, resinas y polímero.
Personas trabajadoras en equipos de transporte y sus partes, mecánicos de frenos, personas trabajadoras fabricantes de materiales de fricción. Construcción de edificaciones y obras de ingeniería civil, de la construcción. Bomberos, industria petroquímica, hierro y metal, industria de preparación de bebidas, muelleros. Refinadoras de petróleo.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
60. Neoplasia maligna de páncreas y angiosarcoma de hígado
Código CIE-11: 2C10 y 2B56.3
Neoplasia maligna de páncreas: personas trabajadoras artesanos, bibliotecarios, archivistas, taxistas, chóferes, industria eléctrica, electrónica, tipografía, vidrio, cerámica, metalúrgica, sobrecargo, mayordomo, tripulantes de cabina de pasajeros, estibador y manipulador de carga, procesamiento de metales.
Angiosarcoma de hígado: personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, asistencia social y veterinarios, tales como: médicos, radiólogos, técnicos radiólogos, dentistas, veterinarios. Personas trabajadoras de la industria química, tales como: personas trabajadoras de la producción del cloruro de vinilo o copolímeros, expuestas en minas de arsénico, productores y que manejan o usan plaguicidas. Personas trabajadoras de la industria del plástico, limpiadores de vasos de reacción de monómeros de cloruro de vinilo, mineros del arsénico, herreros, reparadores de energía eléctrica y del vidrio. Personas trabajadoras de la industria restaurantera, tales como: personas trabajadoras de bares, discotecas y restaurantes. Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, tales como: productores de alimentos, forrajes, carga y descarga, procesamiento de arroz y maíz. Personas trabajadoras en la extracción y beneficio de minerales no metálicos, tales como: mineros, fundidores de cobre, plomo, zinc, entre otros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
61. Neoplasias malignas del riñón, excepto de la pelvis renal
Código CIE-11: 2C90
Personas trabajadoras con exposición a pesticidas, plaguicidas o herbicidas por su elaboración, manejo o uso. Personas trabajadoras mineros. Personas trabajadoras de la industria química con exposición a solventes, tintas y pigmentos. Personas trabajadoras agrícolas expuestas a aminas aromáticas, benceno y sus derivados.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
62. Carcinoma urotelial de la vejiga
Código CIE-11: 2C94.2
Personas trabajadoras en la industria química, como las personas trabajadoras de estireno y su producción; tintes y colorantes; de la industria textil de lana. Ingenieros, técnicos y del industria química, mecánica, cosmética, farmacéutica; de la manufactura de pigmentos; de refinadores químicos, producción de coque, gasificación de carbón, de aluminio, fundidoras. Personas trabajadoras en contacto con anilinas y sus compuestos. Industria editorial y de impresión: personas trabajadoras de imprentas. Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, como agricultores. Personas trabajadoras de los servicios personales para el hogar y diversos, como estilistas, cultoras de belleza.
Personas trabajadoras de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil. Personas trabajadoras de la industria atómica, radioactivos, reactores nucleares, utilización de radioelementos utilización de generadores de radiaciones. Carpinteros, ebanistas, artesanos de la madera. Personas trabajadoras de la construcción, de la extracción y beneficio de minerales metálicos y no metálicos, mineros.
Personas trabajadoras dedicadas a la fabricación de calzado e industria del cuero: calzado e industria del cuero, como los curtidores de pieles. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón, como los de refinerías. Personas trabajadoras de la industria restaurantera, como las personas trabajadoras de bares, restaurantes, centros nocturnos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
63. Neoplasias malignas de próstata
Código CIE-11: 2C82
Las personas trabajadoras con mayor riesgo para padecer cáncer de próstata se observaron en peluqueros o especialistas en tratamientos de belleza. Personas trabajadoras de actividades agrícolas, de la industria del caucho; expuestas al cadmio.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
64. Neoplasias malignas del testículo
Código CIE-11: 2C80 Personas trabajadoras con exposición a pesticidas, en su elaboración, manejo y uso. Personas trabajadoras mineros, aquellas personas con exposición a solventes. Personas empleadas que son potencialmente expuestas a fuentes emisoras de radar (en el ejército, marineros y pescadores y policías que usaban dispositivos de radar).
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
65. Neoplasias malignas del escroto
Código CIE-11: 2C83
Personas trabajadoras en la industria de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil: peones, de construcción de caminos en contacto con asfalto. Deshollinadores, personas trabajadoras que están expuestas al hollín, caldereros y limpiadores de chimeneas y que utilizan diésel. Industria química e industria textil: personas trabajadoras en contacto y producción de disolventes orgánicos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
66. Carcinomas del ovario
Código CIE-11: 2C73.0
Personas trabajadoras de bares, restaurantes y centros nocturnos. Personas trabajadoras en contacto con sustancias químicas y pesticidas. Personas fumigadoras aéreas, ingenieras agrónomas, trabajadoras en contacto con insecticidas, como el personal de fumigación, trabajadoras del campo, fabricantes de pesticidas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
67. Osteosarcoma primario
Código CIE-11: 2B51
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, asistencia social, veterinarios, tales como: radiólogos, técnicos en radiología, analistas de estructuras, odontólogos, de la industria nuclear que estén expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes, incluyendo rayos X, gamma, neutrones y gas radón.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
68. Leucemia aguda, no clasificada en otra parte
Código CIE-11: 2B33.0
Personas trabajadoras en la industria eléctrica como los de las plantas generadoras de energía eléctrica; de la industria editorial y de impresión, como son los impresores; agrícolas o agricultores; de la refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón, como son las personas empleadas de gasolineras, huleros, mozos de limpieza, productores de plásticos, de caucho, entre otros. Personas trabajadoras del transporte terrestre como los conductores de autobuses, operarios, mecánicos de motores diésel; de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil, como los nucleares, técnicos y analistas de estructuras.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
69. Linfoma (hodgkin y no hodgkin)
Código CIE-11: 2B30, 2B33.5, 2A80, 2A81, 2A86, 2A90
Personas trabajadoras del campo, jornaleros, agricultores, cazadores; de la industria forestal, como leñadores; de la industria manufacturera, trasporte de manufactura; en la producción y distribución de electricidad, gas y agua; de la industria de la construcción, como albañiles, peones, jefes de obra; en actividades financieras; sociales; de la salud, como médicos, personal de enfermería, paramédicos, camilleros. Personas trabajadoras de hoteles y restaurantes; de la industria automotriz; de la industria química; de la refinería de petróleo; de la industria nuclear; de la industria de la curtiduría de la piel y calzado; de la industria metalúrgica, imprenta, plástico, textil, científica, bienes raíces.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
70. Mieloma múltiple
Código CIE-11: 2A82, 2A83, 2A84
Personas trabajadoras del campo, jornaleros, agricultores, ganaderos; de la industria aeroespacial, personal de los servicios médicos, como los médicos, personal de enfermería, paramédicos, entre otros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
71. Síndrome mielodisplásico, no clasificable
Código CIE-11: 2A37
Personas trabajadoras en la industria eléctrica como los de las plantas generadoras de energía eléctrica; de la industria editorial y de impresión, como son los impresores, tales como: alzador, batidor, cajista, impresor; agrícolas, jornaleros, agricultores, ganadero, controlador de plagas, operador de maquinaria agrícola; de la refinación del petróleo y derivados del carbón, como son las personas empleadas de gasolineras, huleros, mozos de limpieza, productores de plásticos, de caucho, entre otros. Personas trabajadoras del transporte terrestre como los conductores de autobuses, operarios, mecánicos de motores diésel; de la construcción de edificaciones y de obras de ingeniería civil, como los nucleares, técnicos y analistas de estructuras.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo III. Enfermedades del sistema circulatorio, de la sangre y órganos hematopoyéticos
72. Anemia aplásica debida a otros agentes externos
Código CIE-11: 3A70, 3A70.11
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en las industrias editorial, de impresión y conexas, de litografía, imprentas, rotativas y serigrafistas. Personas trabajadoras que laboran en las industrias metálicas básicas del hierro del acero y metales no ferrosos; que laboran en la elaboración de ferroaleaciones, arrabio, fierro esponja, aceros especiales, planchón, tocho, palanquilla, varilla corrugada, alambrón, barras, rieles, plancha, tubos y otros productos primarios de hierro o acero y de metales no ferrosos. Incluye a empresas que realicen todo el proceso de transformación o parte de él, desde la fundición, afinación y refinación, hasta la fase de productos semiacabados por laminación, vaciado, moldeado, extrusión, trefilado, forjado y otros procesos para obtener alambre, perfiles estructurales, láminas, hojas, cintas, hojalata, cañerías, piezas fundidas y otros; así como a las dedicadas al aprovechamiento de chatarra para obtener piezas fundidas y coladas.
Personas trabajadoras en la industria nuclear, minas de uranio y otros metales radioactivos (arsénico, níquel, cobalto, estroncio, berilio y radium), radio (que fabrican carátulas de relojes hechas con radio) y reactores nucleares.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios médicos, tales como: personas trabajadoras de radioterapia y radiodiagnóstico (rayos láser; rayos máser, la utilización de radioelementos: gammagrafía, gamma, betaterapia e isótopos).
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la industria química y fabricación de productos de hule. Comprende a las empresas que se dedican a la fabricación de llantas, cámaras, empaques, retenes, rodillos, tapetes, bandas, poleas, topes, accesorios para automóviles, tubos, mangueras, planchas, hojas, hilos, juguetes, tacones, suelas, calzado moldeado, productos de uso higiénico y farmacéutico y otros similares de hule. Incluye la regeneración y vulcanización de llantas y otros productos de hule.
Personas trabajadoras que realizan actividades en la industria petrolera, tales como: refinación del petróleo crudo y petroquímica básica. Incluye la fabricación de gasolinas, aceites pesados, asfaltos, parafinas y otros productos derivados de la refinación del petróleo crudo.
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en la fabricación, ensamble y reparación de maquinaria, equipo y sus partes; excepto los eléctricos. Personas trabajadoras en la fabricación y ensamble de maquinaria, equipo e implementos para las industrias de la construcción, extractivas, papel, cemento, petroquímica básica, química; metálicas básicas del hierro, del acero y de metales no ferrosos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
73. Anemia hemolítica adquirida
Código CIE-11: 3A20, 3A21
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en las industrias editoriales, de impresión y conexas: personas trabajadoras de litografía, imprentas, rotativas y serigrafistas. Industrias químico-farmacéuticas y de medicamentos: empacadores, mezcladores y operadores en los procesos de fármacos. Personas trabajadoras en la industria minera, tales como: barrenadores, perforistas, operarios de maquinaria y equipo de extracción minera. Personas trabajadoras de la industria petrolera, tales como: operadores del refinado y transformación del petróleo. Industria química: empacadores, mezcladores, operarios y supervisores en la elaboración de productos químicos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
74. Otras arritmias cardiacas
Código CIE-11: BC9Y, BC9Z
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la preparación, manipulación y empleo de los hidrocarburos clorados y bromados de la serie alifática; de los productos que lo contengan, especialmente en el empleo como agentes de extracción de grasas y como disolventes.
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en la fabricación de ciertos desinfectantes; anestésicos, antisépticos y otros productos de la industria farmacéutica y química; polímeros de síntesis; refinado de aceites minerales; fabricación y reparación de aparatos e instalaciones frigoríficas, y fabricación y utilización de pinturas, disolventes, decapantes, barnices y látex.
Personas trabajadoras que utilizan plaguicidas, productos de limpieza y desengrasantes en tintorerías, preparación y empleo de lociones de peluquería. Personas trabajadoras que laboran en reparación y relleno de aparatos extintores de incendio; desengrasado y limpieza de piezas metálicas. Asimismo, utilizan los agentes causales en anestesia quirúrgica y gabinete básicos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
75. Hipertensión arterial, aterosclerosis y cardiopatía isquémica
Código CIE-11: BA00Z, BA04Y, BD40, BA42, BA51, BA51.Y
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a la industria agrícola, tales como: servicios de fumigación, desinfección y control de plagas. Comprende a las empresas que realizan actividades de fumigación, desinfección y control de plagas en plantaciones agrícolas, establecimientos industriales, comerciales, de servicios y del hogar. Personas trabajadoras que utilizan como componente de rodenticidas, e insecticidas o parasiticidas en almacenamiento de productos agrícolas.
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en la industria química, tales como: servicios de laboratorio para la industria en general. Comprende a las empresas que se dedican a prestar servicios de laboratorio, en forma independiente, a diversos tipos de actividades y ramas industriales, tales como: construcción, metal-mecánica, química, textil, metalúrgica, farmacéutica, alimenticia, agrícola y otras; así como a las que se dedican al diagnóstico y control ambiental.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a disulfuro de carbono, tales como: cementos de neopreno; combustibles para cohetes, tales como: disolvente de aceites, bromuros, caucho, ceras, fosfatos, grasas, gutapercha, resinas, selenio, sulfuros y yoduros; en la fabricación de fósforos; extracción de agentes volátiles de las flores y extracción del azufre; fabricación de mastiques y colas; preparación de la carbanilina como aceleradores de vulcanización del hule; removedores de pinturas, barnices o tratamiento de los suelos, y tetracloruro de carbono. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a estas sustancias en procesos de almacenamiento, aplicación, mantenimiento, manejo y producción.
Personas trabajadoras que utilizan ácido nítrico: barnices, colorantes, colodión, cuero sintético, explosivos, lacas, nitrocelulosa, producción de abonos orgánicos y seda artificial.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a nitroglicerina, que se dedican a la fabricación de explosivos y en la industria farmacéutica.
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en las industrias químico-farmacéuticas y de medicamentos. Comprende a las empresas que se dedican a la industrialización de materias primas químico-farmacéuticas, a través de extracción, desarrollo, síntesis y otros similares, así como a la fabricación de medicamentos, acondicionamiento y envase de los mismos. Personas trabajadoras que se dedican a la fabricación de perfumes y cosméticos. Personas trabajadoras que realizan labores de formulación, elaboración y envase de esencias, perfumes, cosméticos, lociones, desodorantes, fijadores para el cabello y otros productos de tocador.
Personas trabajadoras de los servicios de revelado fotográfico. Comprende a las empresas que se dedican a la prestación de servicios de revelado fotográfico industrial. Personas trabajadoras de la industria textil dedicadas a la manufactura de seda artificial del tipo celofán, fibras, viscosa y rayón. Personas trabajadoras que laboran en la fabricación de productos y partes pre construidas de concreto. De igual forma, comprende a las empresas que, a base de concreto, se dedican a la fabricación de tubos, bloques, vigas, postes, tabiques, módulos para casas, lavaderos y otras partes pre construidas de concreto. Excepto los productos y partes de asbesto-cemento, de granito y el montaje de los productos mencionados y clasificados por separado.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
76. Insuficiencia venosa periférica crónica
Código CIE-11: BD74Z
Personas trabajadoras que permanecen de pie o sentadas por tiempo prolongado o realizan marchas prolongadas con o sin manejo de bultos pesados, tales como: cajeras, carteros, chóferes de transporte terrestre, cirujanos, dentistas, personas empleadas de mostrador, enfermeras de quirófano, estibadores, estilistas, peluqueros, meseros, policías, secretarias, tipógrafos, vendedores y vigilantes.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
77. Otras enfermedades vasculares periféricas, síndrome de vibración de mano y brazo (enfermedad del dedo blanco, síndrome de raynaud)
Código CIE-11: BE2Y, BD42.1
Personas trabajadoras expuestas de las industrias de la construcción, química, farmacéutica y de servicios de salud.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a las vibraciones transmitidas a la mano y al brazo por máquinas o por objetos mantenidos sobre una superficie vibrante (gama de frecuencia de 25 a 250 Hz). Puestos de trabajo en los que se manejan maquinarias que transmitan vibraciones como: desbrozadoras, esmeriles, martillo neumático, perforadoras, pulidoras, punzones, sierras mecánicas, taladros a percusión y taladros. Personas trabajadoras que utilizan remachadoras y pistolas de sellado.
Personas trabajadoras que laboran en la producción y síntesis del policloruro de vinilo (PVC) que se exponen al monómero, como en las industrias donde se dedican a la fabricación de tuberías, perfiles de ventanas, impermeabilización de láminas, techos y productos para revestimientos de suelo. Trabajos en los que se exponen al apoyo de la región tenar e hipotenar de la mano de forma reiterativa, percutiendo sobre un plano fijo y rígido, así como los choques transmitidos a la eminencia hipotenar por una herramienta percutante. Personas trabajadoras que se dedican a la fabricación de bolsas de plástico, catéteres, plasma y sangre o suero.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo IV. Trastornos mentales
78. Trastorno de ansiedad
Código CIE-11: 6B00, 6B01, 6B02
Personas trabajadoras del sector público y privado, relacionadas con salud, educación, transporte (terrestre, aéreo y marítimo), atención a usuarios, seguridad pública y privada, fuerzas armadas, atención de desastres y urgencias, así como personas trabajadoras del buceo industrial, del sector comercio, industrial, bancario y financiero. Puede presentarse en cualquier persona trabajadora y puesto de trabajo, su gravedad dependerá de los factores de riesgo psicosocial laborales negativos enfrentados y las características de exposición a ellos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
79. Trastornos no orgánicos del ciclo sueño-vigilia
Código CIE-11: 7A62, 7A64, 7A65
Personas trabajadoras del sector público y privado, relacionadas con salud, educación, transporte (terrestre, aéreo y marítimo), buceo industrial, atención a usuarios, seguridad pública y privada, fuerzas armadas, atención de desastres y urgencias, así como personas trabajadoras del sector comercio, industrial, bancario y financiero. Puede presentarse en cualquier persona trabajadora y puesto de trabajo, su gravedad dependerá de los factores psicosociales negativos enfrentados y las características de exposición a ellos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
80. Trastornos asociados con el estrés (grave y de adaptación)
Código CIE-11: 6B40, 6B43, QD85, 6E40 Personas trabajadoras del sector público y privado, relacionadas con salud, educación, transporte (terrestre, aéreo y marítimo), buceo industrial, atención a usuarios, seguridad pública, fuerzas armadas, atención de desastres y urgencias, así como personas trabajadoras del sector comercio, industrial y bancario. Puede presentarse en cualquier persona trabajadora y puesto de trabajo, su gravedad dependerá de los factores psicosociales laborales negativos enfrentados y las características de exposición a ellos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
81. Trastorno depresivo
Código CIE-11: 6A70, 6A71, 6A72, 6A73, 6A7Z
Personas trabajadoras del sector público y privado, relacionadas con salud, educación, transporte (terrestre, aéreo y marítimo), atención a usuarios, seguridad pública y privada, fuerzas armadas, atención de desastres y urgencias, así como personas trabajadoras del buceo industrial, del sector comercio, industrial, bancario y financiero. Puede presentarse en cualquier persona trabajadora y puesto de trabajo, su gravedad dependerá de los factores de riesgo psicosocial laborales negativos enfrentados y las características de exposición a ellos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo V. Enfermedades del sistema respiratorio
82. Alveolitis alérgica extrínseca o neumonitis por hipersensibilidad
Código CIE-11: CA70.0, CA70.7, CA70.Y, CA70.Z
V.1.1 Bagazosis: elaboración y apertura de pacas de bagazo de caña.
V.1.2 Pulmón del granjero: extracción de heno mohoso almacenado en silos.
V.1.3 Pulmón de la persona cuidadora de aves: limpieza del excremento de aves de las jaulas y sitios donde viven las aves.
V.1.4 Pulmón de la persona trabajadora de aire acondicionado humidificado: dedicados a la limpieza de los sistemas de humidificación de instalaciones de aire acondicionado.
V.1.5 Pulmón de la persona cosechadora de champiñones: personal que cosecha los champiñones.
V.1.6 Suberosis: personas trabajadoras del corcho.
V.1.7 Pulmón de nueva guinea: personas que colocan techos de paja en casas en Nueva Guinea y otros países.
V.1.8 Pulmón de la persona lavadora de quesos: personal que lava quesos finos que se fermentan a través de mohos.
V.1.9 Pulmón de la persona trabajadora de malta: personas trabajadoras del cultivo de malta y de fábricas de cerveza.
V.1.10 Pulmón de la persona que inhala pituitaria: sustituto de hormonas producidas por la pituitaria, cuando es extirpada por tumores.
V.1.11 Enfermedad del gorgojo de trigo: personal que colecta trigo y panaderos.
V.1.12 Sequoiosis: guardabosques de las secuoyas gigantes de California.
V.1.13 Pulmón de las personas manejadoras de arce: personas trabajadoras en la obtención de miel de maple.
V.1.14 Pulmón de manejadores de café: personas trabajadoras del grano del café.
V.1.15 Pulmón de las personas curtidoras de pieles y peleteros: personas trabajadoras de la industria de la curtiduría.
V.1.16 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de maderas finas de caoba y roble: principalmente carpinteros.
V.1.17 Pulmón de las personas limpiadoras de embutidos: personas trabajadoras que producen y limpian maquinaria para embutidos.
V.1.18 Pulmón de nácar: personas trabajadoras de nácar en joyería y orfebrería.
V.1.19 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de la manufactura de insecticidas: personas trabajadoras de la producción de insecticidas y fumigadores en general.
V.1.20 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de la industria de plásticos y resinas epóxicas: personas trabajadoras que elaboran plásticos y resinas epóxicas.
V.1.21 Pulmón de soya: personal que produce y envasa harina de soya.
V.1.22 Pulmón de la Cándida: panaderos que manejan levadura para pan de trigo, centeno y soya.
V.1.23 Pulmón del diisocianato: personas trabajadoras de la industria de los isocianatos (en la elaboración de mezclas químicas, manufactura de asientos, tableros y pintores automotrices).
V.1.24 Pulmón del humidificador electrónico casero: personas que utilizan este equipo.
V.1.25 Enfermedad por metales pesados: personas trabajadoras de la industria metalúrgica.
V.1.26 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de harina de pescado: personas trabajadoras que producen y envasan harina de pescado.
V.1.27 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de fertilizantes: personas trabajadoras de las empresas donde se elaboran fertilizantes y quienes los aplican.
V.1.28 Enfermedad de las personas trabajadoras del tabaco: personal que trabaja en la producción de puros.
V.1.29 Beriliosis: industria aeroespacial, electrónica, minería, fibra óptica, reactores nucleares, preparación de aleaciones dentales, microondas.
V.1.30 Pulmón producido por exposición elevada a detergentes biológicos o enzimáticos: personas trabajadoras de la industria de los detergentes como empacadores en bolsas o cajas y expuestas a enzimas del bacillus subtilis.
V.1.31 Enfermedad de los cuarteadores de pimentón (paprika): personas trabajadoras de la elaboración de especias.
V.1.32 Pulmón de las personas trabajadoras de sauna: personal que trabaja en los edificios donde existen saunas, centros deportivos y baños.
V.1.33 Enfermedad cóptica: personas que trabajan con momias.
V.1.34 Pulmón del viñador: personas trabajadoras en los viñedos.
V.1.35 Pulmón del sericulturista: personas que se dedican a la crianza de gusanos de seda.
V.1.36 Espartosis: personas trabajadoras que colocan yeso en techos.
V.1.37 Alveolitis de verano de Japón: personas trabajadoras de fábricas sin aire acondicionado en Japón en verano.
V.1.38 Pulmón de operarios de maquinaria: personas trabajadoras expuestas a fluidos lubricantes (taladrinas y refrigerantes).
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
83. Bronquitis o neumonitis debidas a la inhalación de polvos, humos, gases, vapores, rocíos o neblinas de agentes químicos que actúan como irritantes sensoriales y no sensoriales
Código CIE-11: CA81
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a aldehídos incluyendo acetaldehídos (aldehído acético, etanol y etilaldehído), acroleína, acroaldehido, aldehído acrílico, alilaldehido, propenal y 2-propenal) y furfural (fural, 2 furancarbaxaldehido, furfuraldehído y 2-furfuraldehido), tales como: personas trabajadoras dedicadas a la manufactura de productos farmacéuticos, industria del caucho sintético, manipuladores de estos compuestos o que se expongan a productos de la combustión, petroquímica, plásticos, química y textiles.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a ácidos tricloruro y pentacloruro de antimonio, tales como: personas trabajadoras de la industria de la aleación y catalizadores orgánicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a éteres cloro metílicos, tales como: personas trabajadoras de la industria química expuestas a disolventes y en la preparación de otros compuestos orgánicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas diisocianatos (poli isocianato y 2,6 diisocianato de tolueno de naftaleno, difenilmetano y diisocianato de 2,6-hexametileno), tales como: personas trabajadoras de la fabricación de esmaltes, espumas de poliuretanos, insecticidas, herbicidas, laminación, muebles, pintura automotriz y trabajo con resinas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al mercurio, tales como: personas trabajadoras expuestas a procesos de conservación de semillas, electrolisis de la salmuera, fabricación de amalgamas, fabricantes de termómetros, manómetros, fabricación y manipulación de explosivos, fungicidas, lámparas de vapores de mercurio y sus derivados, así como, manipulación de metales, productos de electrónica, sombreros de fieltro, personas trabajadoras de la industria farmacéutica y de la minería de oro y plata.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al sulfuro de metilo, tales como: personas trabajadoras que manipulan este compuesto en diversas industrias.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
84. Bronquiolitis obliterante con neumonía organizada (BOOP)
Código CIE-11: CA26.0
Las personas trabajadoras expuestas del área de saborizantes artificiales que contienen diacetilo 2-3 butanodiona.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
85. Asma bronquial alérgica y asma de trabajo
Código CIE-11: CA23.0, CA23.3
a) Sustancias de alto peso molecular
Personas trabajadoras tales como: granjeros y ganaderos, granjeros avícolas, panaderos y manipuladores de grano. Personas trabajadoras de la industria farmacéutica. Personas trabajadoras de empresas que fabrican los denominados detergentes biológicos o enzimáticos. Veterinarios, bioterios y personal que trabaja con animales. Personas trabajadoras de la industria alimentaria, farmacéutica e impresores. Investigadores, de la seda, personal sanitario o de la manufactura de la goma, manipuladores de alimentos para peces.
Personas trabajadoras en los procesos de alimentos y recolectores, estibadores portuarios, personal que trabaja en su manufactura y enfermeras. Manipuladores de alimentos y de aserraderos y carpinteros.
b) Sustancias de bajo peso molecular
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: dentistas, protesistas dentales y manipuladores de pegamentos. Personas trabajadoras de la industria del plástico y resinas epóxicas. Personal de los servicios sanitarios. Personas trabajadoras de la industria farmacéutica. Personas trabajadoras de la goma. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores a pistola, o personal en la manufactura del plástico, poliuretano y aislantes. Personas trabajadoras de la industria cosmética y tintes. Personas trabajadoras de peluquería y salones de cosmética. Pulidores de diamantes. Soldadores, curtidores, cromadores y de las personas trabajadoras de la industria del cemento. Personas trabajadoras de chapado. Personas trabajadoras de refinerías. Joyeros y artesanos. Personas trabajadoras de la industria textil.
c) Alérgenos comunes
Fábricas de textiles, almohadas, chamarras y cobertores. Panaderías. Industria alimentaria.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
86. Neumoconiosis por carbón, hulla y sus derivados
Código CIE-11: CA60.1, CA60.7, CA60.Y, CA60.Z
Personas trabajadoras de la minería: personas mineras expuestas al carbón o hulla en sus diferentes variedades se utiliza fundamentalmente como energético y se extrae generalmente de minas. Otras industrias, con personas trabajadoras expuestas, en la que se utilizan variedades del carbón, como el grafito, para la fabricación del plomo de los lápices, la fabricación de crisoles, mamparas para las fundiciones, en la fabricación de lubricantes, pinturas, electrodos ánodos, ladrillos, bloques, cilindros, compuestos para impermeabilizar los techos como relleno y para recarburizar el acero.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
87. Silicosis, neumoconiosis producida por abrasivos y silicatosis
Código CIE-11: CA 60.0, CA60.00, CA60.0Y, CA60.0Z
Personas trabajadoras en industrias de extracción de minerales, tales como: minas, canteras y en industrias de transformación que se utiliza en innumerables actividades: construcción de carreteras, refinerías, en la fabricación de cerámica, molienda de materiales, pulido de piezas, fabricación de abrasivos, en la industria de los cosméticos, como cargas en la fabricación de papel, en la industria de los metales etcétera.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a sílice, dióxido de silicio, anhídrido silícico, sílice libre y óxido de silicio. Los principales materiales que constituyen la corteza terrestre de donde existen 3 variedades de sílice, tales como: i) Cristalina que es la más agresiva: cuarzo, tridimita y cristobalita. ii) Amorfa que tiene el segundo puesto en agresividad: tierra de diatomeas o kieselguhr, sílice de 20 angstroms y sílice vítrea. iii) Criptocristalina. La que menos se usa y es menos fibrogénica: pedernal, sílex, ópalo y ágata.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a silicatos: los silicatos están formados por una molécula de sílice a óxido de silicio a la que se agregan otras moléculas diversas.
Los principales silicatos a excepción del asbesto son: talco, caolín, mica y feldespato, conforme lo siguiente:
a) Talco. Su principal uso es en la industria de los cosméticos, se utiliza asbesto finamente molido como talco y es muy agresivo a nivel pulmonar. También se utiliza en la industria farmacéutica, papelera, en la fabricación de sanitarios, de refractarios, en la cerámica y en la industria química.
b) Caolín. Se utiliza en la fabricación de cerámica fina tipo porcelana, en la industria del caucho y del cemento.
c) Feldespato. Se utiliza en la industria de fabricación de vajillas de uso diario, en la industria papelera, en la industria de la construcción.
d) Mica. Se utiliza como aislante en la industria eléctrica, para la fabricación de resistencias de planchas antiguas, secadores de pelo y otros aparatos eléctricos, en la fabricación de anuncios luminosos, en cerámica, esmaltes, explosivos y vidrio refractario.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los abrasivos que producen neumoconiosis naturales y sintéticos. Naturales como corindón, esmeril, (óxidos de aluminio), sílice, silicatos, granate (pedernal o sílex, cuarzo), arena, arenisca, piedra pómez, trípoli, talco, calcita, topacio, apatita, fluorita yeso, diamante y otros. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a sustancias sintéticas, tales como: óxido de aluminio, carburo de silicio y boro, nitruro de boro, diamante y zafiro. Técnico dental y personas trabajadoras expuestas a abrasivos. Las fuentes son granos sueltos adheridos (con adhesivos) a papel o tela, en pasta (mezclados o sustancia untuosa), o compactados; ruedas, discos, muelas, piedras, afiladores; limpiadores combinados con jabones, detergentes, para cortar, pulir, triturar dando forma, así como, limpiar con chorro de arena (sandblast) y aire a presión.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
88. Asbestosis o Amiantosis
Código CIE-11: CA 60.2 Personas trabajadoras que se dedican a la elaboración de tubos, tinacos y láminas, como refuerzo de las baldosas de vinilo, para elaborar textiles como ropa de bomberos, balatas, embragues, como material de aislamiento eléctrico, como aislante de alta presión, en la fabricación de molduras, paneles y revestimiento de tejados.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
89. Neumoconiosis debida a la inhalación con depósito de polvos y humos de minerales metálicos
Código CIE-11:CA60.4, CA60.5, CA60.6, CA60.8, CA 60.9, CA60.Y, CA60.Z
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a la inhalación, así como depósito de polvos y humos de metales muy radio densos como son: el estaño, el hierro, el bario entre otros. Principalmente se manejan en las minas de extracción.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al estaño que se utiliza para fabricar barras para soldadura, para estañado y como aleación con cobre, bronce y zinc. De igual forma, personas trabajadoras expuestas al hierro que tiene numerosos usos para fabricación de utensilios de cocina, en el fundido del metal, la utilizan soldadores de arco eléctrico, de oxiacetileno, pulidores de plata, torneros de hierro y afiladores de acero. En el mismo sentido, personas trabajadoras expuestas al bario que es utilizado para incrementar el volumen, como relleno del papel, textiles, cuero, jabón, hule, linóleo, cemento, plástico, cerámica y vidrio, también se utiliza como medio opaco para radiografías del aparato digestivo, urinario y respiratorio; en la industria química, para refinar azúcar, para elaborar insecticidas y rodenticidas.
Enfermedades producidas por la exposición de las personas trabajadoras a otros metales que incluyen entre otros, al cromo, cobalto, níquel, molibdeno, berilio, galio, rutenio, aluminio, paladio, cobre, zinc, indio, manganeso, oro y plata, tales como: técnicos dentales; personas trabajadoras de la industria metalúrgica y de las aleaciones.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
90. Efectos tóxicos producidos por exposición masiva a gases o vapores, neblina o rocío de sustancias químicas
Código CIE-11: NE61, PJ46
a) Sustancias asfixiantes simples
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al acetileno: bomberos y personas trabajadoras expuestas a la combustión incompleta de hidrocarburos y materiales orgánicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al dióxido de carbón: obreros que trabajan en procesos de oxidación en ambientes confinados, limpieza, reparación de cubas, producción de amoniaco y cianamida cálcica.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al butano, etano, etileno, metano, propano propileno. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la producción y purificación del acetileno, soldadores, de la industria química y petroquímica. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a gases nobles, tales como: helio, neón, radón, xenón, argón, criptón. Personas trabajadoras de la industria refrigerante o criogénica, en la elaboración de superconductores, bombillas, focos, lámparas de halógeno y fabricación de circuitos integrados.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al nitrógeno: personas trabajadoras de la industria del petróleo, yacimientos de carbón, gas líquido, hornos de carbón coque e industria petroquímica.
Personas trabajadoras que manejan hidrógeno, tales como las personas trabajadoras expuestas durante la combustión o fermentación de compuestos de carbono, gasificación de aguas minerales y preparación de nieve carbónica, poceros y letrineros.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al hexafluoruro de azufre, que con motivo del trabajo tengan exposición a estos gases.
b) Sustancias asfixiantes químicas
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al cianuro de hidrógeno derivado de la galvanoplastia, metalurgia, producción de sustancias químicas orgánicas, revelado de fotografías, manufactura de plásticos, fumigación de barcos y en algunos procesos de la minería.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al monóxido de carbón. Personas trabajadoras en contacto con altos hornos, bomberos, operadores de calderas, calentadores de gas en espacios pequeños y mal ventilados, combustiones que producen gran cantidad de monóxido de carbono con combustiones de vehículos automotores, gas de agua, gas de hulla, gas pobre hornos y espacios confinados, mineros, motores de combustión interna y todos los casos de combustión incompleta de carbono.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al sulfuro de hidrógeno. Personas trabajadoras en almacenes de excremento de animales para abono, bodegas pesqueras, de proyectos de excavación para la extracción de petróleo y gas, espacios con materia orgánica en descomposición, industria de productos metálicos como candados de bronce, orfebrería en bronce, plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, en contacto con blanqueadores, combustión de azufre, conservación de alimentos, estampadores, fabricación de ácido sulfúrico, fumigadores, expuestas a gases humos y vapores de sulfuro de hidrógeno, mineros que trabajan en las minas de azufre, papeles de colores, preparación de anhídrido sulfuroso en estado gaseoso o líquido, refrigeración y tintorería.
Personas trabajadoras que tengan exposición de forma directa a sustancias que generen asfixia química en los lugares de trabajo y a los agentes asfixiantes químicos en grandes cantidades que compiten con el oxígeno desplazándolo en la sangre arterial.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
91. Bisinosis (asma de los lunes, opresión o constricción de los lunes), Linosis y canabiosis
Código CIE-11: CA 80.0
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a fibras de algodón contaminadas con restos de vegetales (gossypium especies), tales como: personas trabajadoras que manejan fibras naturales de algodón fundamentalmente en operaciones de pizca, recolección, cultivo, separación, empacado contaminadas con restos vegetales en las primeras fases del proceso en: hilanderías, cordelerías, fabricación de alfombras, tapetes, aislamientos, forros, bolsas, redes, sacos, papel, tela, cordón, cinta, entre otras.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a fibras de lino (linum usitatissimum), tales como: personas trabajadoras dedicadas al cultivo, recolección, pizca, separación, empacado, transporte y utilización de fibras de lino.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a fibras de cáñamo (cannabis sativa), tales como: personas trabajadoras dedicadas al cultivo, recolección, pizca, separación, empacado, transporte y utilización de fibras de cáñamo.
Evidencia científica señala que la exposición a fibras de henequén, yute, sisal, lechuguilla, abacá, esparto, ixtle, cabuya, kenat, contaminadas con restos vegetales, pueden provocar la enfermedad. Trabajos con exposición a fibras naturales contaminadas con restos de vegetales. No se produce bisinosis con exposición a fibras sintéticas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo VI. Enfermedades del sistema digestivo
92. Enfermedad tóxica del hígado con cirrosis y fibrosis
Código CIE-11: DB91, DB93, DB95
Las personas trabajadoras de la industria química expuestas en la producción de cloruro de vinilo, o en plantas de polimerización; personas trabajadoras expuestas a los derivados halogenados de los hidrocarburos alifáticos, tales como: diclorometano, triclorometano, tribromometano, dicloro-2-etano, tricloroetano, dicloroetano, tricloroetileno, dicloropropano, cloropropileno, cloro-2-butadieno, tetracloruro de carbono. Personas trabajadoras expuestas al arsénico y sus compuestos, halotano, isoniacida, acetaminofén e hidrocarburos aromáticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
93. Enfermedad tóxica del hígado con hepatitis aguda Código CIE-11: DB91, DB91.0
Las personas trabajadoras de la industria química expuestas en la producción de cloruro de vinilo, o en plantas de polimerización; expuestas a los derivados halogenados de los hidrocarburos alifáticos, tales como: diclorometano, triclorometano, tribromometano, dicloro-2-etano, tricloroetano, dicloroetano, tricloroetileno, dicloropropano, cloropropileno, cloro-2-butadieno, tetracloruro de carbono. Personas trabajadoras expuestas al arsénico y sus compuestos, halotano, isoniacida, acetoaminofén e hidrocarburos aromáticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
94. Enfermedad ácido-péptica
Código CIE-11: DA22, DA42, DA60, DA61, DA63, DD90, DD91
Personas trabajadoras del sector público y privado, relacionadas con salud, educación, transporte (terrestre, aéreo y marítimo), atención a usuarios, seguridad pública y privada, fuerzas armadas, atención de desastres, urgencias y pacientes en estado crítico, así como personas trabajadoras del buceo industrial, del sector comercio, industrial, bancario y financiero. Puede presentarse en cualquier persona trabajadora y puesto de trabajo, su gravedad dependerá de los factores de riesgo psicosocial laborales negativos enfrentados y las características de exposición a ellos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo VII. Enfermedades de la piel y tejidos subcutáneos
95. Otro acné especificado: acné profesional, elaioconiosis, acné por hidrocarburos y cloracné. Dermatitis acnéiforme
Código CIE-11: ED-80.Y
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales, tales como: actores, cocineros en contacto con grasas, cosmetólogos, maquinistas, laboratoristas, mecánicos de autos, modelos, techadores, torneros, personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, de caminos de asfalto, de refinerías de petróleo, fabricación de la goma y manejadores de aceite de corte. Personas trabajadoras de las industrias química y petroquímica que manipulan o están en contacto con estas sustancias.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
96. Dermatitis alérgica de contacto
Código CIE-11: EK00
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la construcción, cromado electrolítico, fotograbado, fotografía, industria textil, metalmecánica y tintorerías. Estomatólogos, odontólogos, personas trabajadoras de la manufactura de hules, de la industria de la construcción y fabricación de plásticos. Personas trabajadoras de la industria del alquitrán, asfaltos, pinturas, productos de hule derivados de la parafenilendiamina, química y tintas. Personas trabajadoras de la industria petroquímica. Personas trabajadoras de estéticas, peluquerías, salones de belleza que se expongan a la tintura de pelo. Exposición a productos de belleza.
Personas trabajadoras de la agricultura, en la carpintería, en el cultivo de champiñón, estibadores de materia prima (cárnicos, legumbres, verduras, entre otros), floristas, jardineros y manipuladores de alimentos. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la vainilla. Personas trabajadoras de la producción y empaquetado de la industria farmacéutica.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
97. Dermatitis irritante de contacto
Código CIE-11: EK02.0
Personas trabajadoras al aire libre, artistas cinematográficos, gabinetes de fisioterapia, salineros, soldadores, vidrieros, cocineros, cantineros, industria farmacéutica y cosmética.
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias del petróleo, petroquímica, química, cerámica, fabricación del cloro y productos orgánicos clorados (acné clórico) y fabricación, manipulación y utilización del ácido fluorhídrico. Personas trabajadoras del grabado de vidrio, de laboratorio, de blanqueo, manejo y preparación del ácido sulfúrico. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a ácidos grasos e intoxicaciones por dioxinas.
Personas trabajadoras dedicadas a la producción y manipulación de estos álcalis. Agricultores, fumigadores y estibadores de pescado. Personas trabajadoras de fundiciones. Personas trabajadoras de la manipulación de la cal, preparación de polvo de blanqueo, cemento, yeso, industria química y albañiles. Personas trabajadoras de la fabricación y utilización de esas substancias. Personas trabajadoras de la industria de abonos, cementos, hulera, linóleos, química, textil, tintorera y vidriera. Personas trabajadoras que utilizan y manipulan estas sustancias, tales como: anilinas, cianamida cálcica, dinitroclorobenceno, formaldehído, hexametilentetramina, hidrocarburos y parafenilendiamina. Personas trabajadoras expuestas al calor: caldereros, fogoneros, fundidores, herreros, horneros, panaderos y personas trabajadoras del vidrio. Personas trabajadoras expuestas al frío: cámaras frías, fabricación y manipulación de hielo y de productos refrigerados.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: alijadores, cáñamo, cargadores, carpinteros, carretilleros, cocineras, cortadores de metales, cosecheros de caña, costureras, dibujantes, ebanistas, escribientes, estibadores, grabadores, herreros, hilanderos, jardineros, lana, lavanderas, lino, marmoleros, mineros, músicos, panaderos, peinadores y manipuladores de fibras, peluqueros, picapedreros, planchadoras, pulidores, sastres, sombrereros, toneleros, vainilleros, vidrieros y zapateros.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: curtidores, especieros del trigo y harina, panaderos, peluqueros, personas trabajadoras de los astilleros que manipulan cereales parasitados, penicilina y otros compuestos medicamentosos. Barnizadores, bataneros, blanqueadores de tejidos por medio de vapores de azufre, hiladores y colectores de lana, canteros, cocineros, colorantes vegetales, desengrasadores de trapo, ebanistas, enfermeras, especieros, fotógrafos, laboratoristas, lavanderos, lavaplatos, manipuladores de petróleo y de la gasolina, manipuladores de pinturas, médicos, mineros y sales metálicas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
98. Pigmentación anormal de la piel
Código CIE-11: ED64
Personas trabajadoras con actividades relacionadas con el revelado no automatizado, con la industria del hule y la de vulcanización. Personas trabajadoras de la industria farmacéutica y cosmética expuestas a hidroquinona. Personas usuarias de equipo de protección fabricado con hule. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a fuentes de calor.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
99. Dermatosis por radiación ionizante, sin especificación
Código CIE-11: EJ7Z
Personas trabajadoras en la industria nuclear, minas de uranio y otros metales radioactivos, en el tratamiento de minerales y metalurgia, reactores nucleares, utilización de radio-elementos (gammagrafía, gamma y beta-terapia e isótopos), de generadores de radiaciones, así como personas trabajadoras y técnicos de rayos X y radio.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
100. Urticaria de contacto
Código CIE-11: EB01.3 Personas trabajadoras en el campo, agricultores, jardineros, cocineros, personal médico, paramédico y farmacéuticos. Personas trabajadoras de lecherías, tablajeros y carniceros. Personas trabajadoras de semiconductores y otros que empleen equipo de protección fabricado con látex y peluqueros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo VIII. Enfermedades del sistema osteomuscular y del tejido conjuntivo
101. Trastornos de la columna vertebral (cervical, dorsal y lumbar)
Código CIE-11: FA34, FA72.3, FA72.4, FA92.00, FB56.6
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: chóferes, repartidores, operadores de maquinaria pesada, cargadores y vigilantes. Personas trabajadoras que permanecen por causa de su trabajo en posiciones forzadas, no ergonómicas y fatigantes en forma prolongada. Actividades en las que se requiera mantener el equilibrio con cargas añadidas, como casco, equipo pesado y posturas forzadas. (buceo industrial, pesca artesanal y cargadores en puertos).
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
102. Dolor lumbar crónico inespecífico (lumbago mecano postural, contractura dorsal inferior, espondilopatía interespinosa, dolor lumbar y lumbago SAI)
Código CIE-11: ME84.2, ME84.2Z, FA72.1
Personas con actividades como: chóferes, repartidoras, operadoras de maquinaria pesada, cargadoras y vigilantes. Personas trabajadoras que permanecen por causa de su trabajo en posiciones incómodas, no ergonómicas y fatigantes en forma prolongada, con gran esfuerzo sobre la parte lumbo-sacra de la columna vertebral.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
103. Epicondilitis lateral (codo de tenista)
Código CIE-11: FB55.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en los que las actividades le requieran utilizar las manos para sujetar herramientas por periodos prolongados. máquina neumática, perforadoras mecánicas, herramientas análogas, perforadoras y remachado.
Personas trabajadoras con puestos de trabajo de: carniceros, carpinteros, empacadores, golfistas, herreros, laminadores, martilleros de plancha de acero y caldereros, mecánicos, obreros de la construcción, personal de limpieza, pulidores de fundición, talladores de piedra, tenistas, y todos los puestos de trabajo que requieran a la persona trabajadora utilizar las manos para sujetar herramientas por periodos prolongados.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
104. Epicondilitis media (codo de golfista)
Código CIE-11: FB55.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Actividades que requieran a la persona trabajadora utilizar las manos para sujetar herramientas por periodos prolongados. Máquina neumática, perforadoras mecánicas, herramientas análogas, perforadoras y remachado.
Personas trabajadoras con puestos de trabajo de: carniceros, carpinteros, empacadores, golfistas, herreros, laminadores, martilleros de plancha de acero y caldereros, mecánicos, obreros de la construcción, personal de limpieza, pulidores de fundición, talladores de piedra, tenistas, y todos los puestos de trabajo que requieran a la persona trabajadora utilizar las manos para sujetar herramientas por periodos prolongados.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
105. Síndrome del túnel carpiano (lesión del nervio mediano)
Código CIE-11: 8C10.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la transformación e industria electrónica, de rastros y carniceros, de hotelería, de la industria textil, tales como: confeccionista textil, bordadores, costureros, empacadores y tejedores. Personas trabajadoras de la floricultura, y en general toda labor que implique movimientos repetitivos, permanentes, con brazo, dedos y muñeca y posturas forzadas.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: cajeros, secretarias, digitadores, capturistas, costureras, dentistas, electricistas, empacadores, ensambladores de línea, mecánicos, músicos de cuerdas y percusiones, perforadores de piedra, pintores industriales, personal de limpieza, personas trabajadoras de aves de corral, trabajadoras de lavanderías.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades con tareas que demandan ejercer actividades manuales intensas en frecuencia, en fuerza como soldadores, carpinteros, pulidores y pintores.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
106. Lesión del nervio ulnar (síndrome del canal de Guyon)
Código CIE-11: 8C10.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de la transformación, la industria electrónica, de la industria textil, tales como: bordadores, costureros, empacadores y tejedores. Personas trabajadoras en rastros y carnicerías. Personas trabajadoras en hotelería: (camareras y cocineros). Personas trabajadoras de la floricultura, confeccionista textil, secretarias, digitadores y en general toda labor que implique movimientos repetitivos, permanentes, con brazo, dedos y muñeca y posturas forzadas.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: cajeros, capturistas, costureras, dentistas, electricistas, empacadores, ensambladores de línea, mecánicos, músicos de cuerdas y percusiones, perforadores de piedra, pintores industriales, personal de limpieza, personas trabajadoras con aves de corral, trabajadoras de lavanderías. Personas trabajadoras con puestos y trabajos con tareas que demandan ejercer actividades manuales intensas en frecuencia, en fuerza como soldadores, carpinteros, pulidores y pintores.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
107. Metatarsalgia
Código CIE-11: FB54.4, FB80.A, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: chóferes, traileros y todas aquellas personas trabajadoras que utilicen máquinas e instrumentos en las que tengan que activar palancas y pedales con el pie de manera repetitiva.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
108. Otras osteocondropatías especificadas
Código CIE-11: FB82.Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: carpinteros, esmeriladores, mineros, operadores de herramientas neumáticas, perforistas, pulidores, todas aquellas personas trabajadoras que se someten a vibraciones segmentarías de mano y brazo, y personas trabajadoras que manejan martillo neumático.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
109. Fibromatosis de la fascia palmar (enfermedad de dupuytren de la palma de la mano)
Código CIE-11: FB51.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: cordeleros, bruñidores, grabadores, operadores de herramientas manuales neumáticas, martillos neumáticos, mineros, operadores de motosierras, operadores de taladros, perforadoras mecánicas y personas trabajadoras de canteras.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
110. Tendinitis del estiloides radial (enfermedad de quervain)
Código CIE-11: FB40.5, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Puestos y trabajos con tareas que demandan ejercer actividades con posturas forzadas y movimientos de flexoextensión del pulgar. Personas que trabajen como: anestesiólogos, cirujanos, odontólogos, enfermeras y deportistas: esgrimistas, bolichistas, tenistas, golfistas y jugadores de voleibol. Laminadores, herreros y caldereros, perforistas y personas con actividades manuales: martilleros, carpinteros, mecánicos, meseros, costureras, maleteros, pulidores de fundición, remachadores, talladores de piedra, personas trabajadoras que utilizan martillos neumáticos, perforadoras mecánicas y herramientas análogas y digitales, y personas trabajadoras que utilizan martinetes en las fábricas de calzado. Capturistas y operadores de computadoras.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
111. Tendinitis del hombro (síndrome del manguito rotatorio)
Código CIE-11: FB40.3, FB53.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: albañiles, almacenistas, meseros, carteros, torneros, empacadores, ensambladores de autos, fresadores, mecánicos que realizan montajes sobre la cabeza, operadores de presión, pintores, soldadores que realizan su actividad sobre la cabeza, todas aquellas personas trabajadoras que realizan continuamente abducción y flexión de hombro, que trabajan con las manos sobre la altura de la cabeza, transporte de carga en el hombro y lanzamiento de objetos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
112. Trastornos angioneuríticos (síndrome de raynaud)
Código CIE-11: BD42.1, XB17, XB5G
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: calderos, herreros, laminadores, operadores de: herramientas con vibración, de aparatos de terapia física con vibración, de motosierra, de ordeñadores manuales, perforistas, pulidores de fundición, remachadores, talladores de piedra, personas trabajadoras que utilizan martillos neumáticos, perforadoras mecánicas y herramientas análogas, personas trabajadoras que utilizan martinetes en las fábricas de calzado, y uso de herramientas manuales que dificultan la circulación sanguínea y dañan el endotelio de vasos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
113. Bursitis por uso excesivo o tensión
Código CIE-11: FB50.1, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras que realizan presiones sostenidas, como: albañiles, alijadores, estibadores, atletas, bailarines, cargadores, deportistas competitivos, futbolistas, jardineros, mineros, pescadores, personas trabajadoras de la industria del hielo y alimentos congelados, y en aquellos otros en los que se ejercen presiones sobre determinadas articulaciones.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
114. Osteonecrosis disbárica
Código CIE-11: FB81.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a cambios de presión barométrica como: buzos recreativos, buzos pescadores artesanales, buzos industriales, buzos militares, buzos científicos, buzos técnicos, buzos limpiadores de drenajes, excavadores, mineros subterráneos y personal aeroespacial y acompañantes o auxiliares (tender) en el interior de cámaras hiperbáricas (médicos, enfermeros y buzos); exploradores, guías de alpinismo, investigadores, paleontólogos y rescatistas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo IX. Intoxicaciones
115. Efectos tóxicos por alcohol butílico
Código CIE-11: PH50, XM49S0
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias químicas, petroquímicas y farmacéutica que los utilizan como disolventes en la fabricación de lacas y barnices; en la preparación de esencias y materiales tintoriales. Personal encargado de la elaboración de lociones capilares y para después de rasurarse. Personas trabajadoras en la preparación de anticongelantes, que tienen como producto final la acetona. Personas trabajadoras que participan en la elaboración de resinas naturales y sintéticas, gomas, aceites vegetales, tintes y alcaloides. Se utiliza como sustancia intermedia en la fabricación de productos químicos y farmacéuticos, y en las industrias de cuero artificial, textiles, gafas de seguridad, pastas de caucho, barnices de laca, impermeables, películas fotográficas y perfumes. También se encuentra en líquidos hidráulicos de frenos, limpiadores industriales, abrillantadores, decapantes de pinturas, agentes de flotación para minerales, esencias de frutas, perfumes y colorantes.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
116. Efectos tóxicos por alcohol metílico
Código CIE-11:PH50, XM7KD9
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias químicas y petroquímicas que los utilizan como disolventes en la fabricación de disolvente de tintas, colorantes, resinas y adhesivos. Se utiliza en la fabricación de película fotográfica, plásticos, jabones textiles, tintes de madera, tejidos con capa de resina sintética, cristal inastillable y productos impermeabilizantes, decapantes, removedores de pinturas y barnices, productos desengrasantes, líquidos embalsamadores y mezclas anticongelantes.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
117. Efectos tóxicos por alcohol propílico
Código CIE-11: PH50, XM5RS7
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias químicas, petroquímicas y farmacéutica que los utilizan como disolventes en la fabricación de lacas y barnices; en la preparación de esencias y materiales tintoriales. Personal encargado de la elaboración de lociones capilares y para después de rasurarse. Personas trabajadoras en la preparación de anticongelantes, que tiene como producto final la acetona.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
118. Efectos tóxicos por arsénico y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: PE95, PH56, XM2KQ2, XM00Z1
Personas trabajadoras de la cerámica, además manipuladores del arsénico, fundiciones de minerales y metales, industria de los colorantes, insecticidas, herbicidas cerámica, textil, otras preparaciones de uso doméstico, papel de color, pinturas, plantas de arsénico, raticidas, tenería y tintorería, industria del vidrio, industria electrónica y galvanoplastia.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
119. Efectos tóxicos por benceno
Código CIE-11: PB31, PH51, XE3SH, XM0QY7
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias química, electrocirugía y de cirugía por láser, refinación y petroquímica y confección de prendas de vestir a la medida, fabricación y reparación de calzado, curtido y acabado de cuero y piel: curtidores, peleteros, taxidermistas, entomólogos y zapateros que manipulan estos disolventes de benzaldehído, personas empleadas de gasolineras, almacenaje y transporte de benceno y de productos de petróleo que contienen benceno, artes gráficas e imprenta, barnices y lacas, cerámica, colorantes, del vestido, detergentes, explosivos (TNT), fabricación de ácido benzoico, fabricación de nitrocelulosa, fabricantes de calzado y peletera, fotograbado, industria de las lacas, industria del calzado, industria hulera y del caucho, lubricantes, manufactura y vulcanizado de neumáticos, medicamentos, pinturas, plaguicidas, textiles, tintorería, tinturas, plásticos, pigmentos, explosivos, detergentes, perfumes, personas trabajadoras en hornos de coque en la industria del acero y vidrio, fabricación de estireno, fenoles, anhídrido maleico.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
120. Efectos tóxicos por derivados del petróleo y carbón de hulla
Código CIE-11: PB31, PH51, XM0TB3, XM2CE3, XM2Q78, XM8PX9, XM7MJ9, XM8WE9 Personas trabajadoras de las industrias química, petroquímica, farmacéutica y de servicios, tales como: bomberos y personas empleadas de estaciones de servicio y personas trabajadoras de estaciones de gasolina, carbonífera, conductores de camiones de gasolina, en áreas de carga y descarga y muelles, fabricación de aceites, grasas lubricantes y aditivos, fabricación de perfumes, fabricación de productos a base de asfalto y sus mezclas, manufactura de carbón de hulla y coque, petrolera, petroquímica, que dan mantenimiento y remueven tanques de almacenaje y tuberías subterráneas de gasolina, que identifican y limpian derrames y escapes de gasolina y refinerías de petróleo.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
121. Efectos tóxicos por derivados halogenados de hidrocarburos alifáticos y aromáticos no especificados: hexacloroetano
Código CIE-11: PB35, PH55, XM0TE1
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de artes plásticas y restauración, en artículos de limpieza para piezas metálicas, durante los procesos de desengrasado, formulación de pinturas, impresiones, industria de la impresión y las artes gráficas, pinturas y estampados, proceso de revelado y restauración. Puede encontrase mezclado con otros disolventes orgánicos en artículos de limpieza, insecticidas, lubricantes y plásticos.
Personas trabajadoras de fabricación de bombas de humo, fundiciones de aluminio e industria militar. Personas trabajadoras que lo utilizan para desengrasar el aluminio y otros metales. La sustancia puede estar presente en ciertos fungicidas, insecticidas, lubricantes y plásticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
122. Efectos tóxicos por derivados halogenados de hidrocarburos aromáticos: naftalenos clorados y difenilos clorados
Código CIE-11: PB35, PH55, XM1YR6, XM8D04
Personas trabajadoras que los utilizan como aislantes eléctricos, personas trabajadoras de la extracción de aditivos para el hormigón, alquitrán de hulla, anhídrido ftálico (producción de plastificadores para PVC), curtientes, fabricación de colorantes, para componentes de solventes para plaguicidas (antipolillas) y sustancias humectantes en la industria textil, personas trabajadoras de la industria de aditivos, industria electrónica, plaguicidas y textiles.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
123. Efectos tóxicos por dióxido de sulfuro
Código CIE-11: PB36, PH56, XM0Z74
Personas trabajadoras en actividades industriales tales como: curtidurías, fábricas de papel, hornos de coque, procesamiento de alimentos, refinerías de petróleo, talleres dedicados a motores diésel, instalaciones de lavado, área de repostaje, área de pruebas de carga, producción de pasta de papel, almidón, sulfitos y tiosulfatos, personas trabajadoras de alimentos, de detergentes, fotografía y química, personas trabajadoras en procesos de calcinación, fundición y blanqueo, en contacto con gases, humos y vapores de dióxido de sulfuro.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
124. Efectos tóxicos por disolventes orgánicos clorados: tetracloroetano y dicloroetano
Código CIE-11: PB31, PE91, PH51, XM4D89, XM1AF0
Personas trabajadoras que manipulan estas substancias como disolventes de aceites, ceras, desengrasado de la lana, dilución de lacas, gomas, grasas, hules, industria peletera, del caucho y curtido del cuero e industria química, resinas, personas trabajadoras de las fábricas de empaquetaduras, enceradores, lacas, pinturas, procesadores de aceites y grasas, resinas, tintorerías y lavanderías en seco.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
125. Efectos tóxicos por disolventes orgánicos halogenados: bromuro de metilo (bromometano) y derivados fluorados de hidrocarburos halogenados
Código CIE-11: PB31, PE91, PH51, PH55, XM0NK1
Personas trabajadoras que los utilizan como frigoríficos, fungicidas, insecticidas, preparación de extinguidores de incendios, fábricas de conservación de frutas y cereales, así como personas trabajadoras que laboran en las industrias de caucho, desinfección de suelos, aguas y piscinas, fábricas de alfombras y plásticos, fábricas de goma, industria del papel y textiles, industria fotográfica, refinerías de gasolinas, saneamiento ambiental, personas trabajadoras de laboratorios e invernaderos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
126. Efectos tóxicos por disolventes orgánicos halogenados: cloroformo
Código CIE-11: PB35, PH55, XM7MX5
Personas trabajadoras que manipulan estas substancias como disolventes, fumigantes, refrigerantes, extinguidores de incendios, tintorerías y lavado en seco, personas trabajadoras de la industria química en donde es utilizado como intermediario en síntesis orgánica para la obtención de fluorocarbono 22, y en la fabricación de tetrafluoroetileno y su polímero (PTFE).
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
127. Efectos tóxicos por disolventes orgánicos halogenados: tetracloruro de carbono
Código CIE-11: PB35, PH55, XM3CP7
Personas trabajadoras que manipulan estas substancias como disolventes, extinguidores de incendios, fumigantes, limpiadores y desgrasantes de metales, refrigerantes, tintorerías y lavado en seco, de las personas trabajadoras de la industria eléctrica y fabricación de conductores eléctricos, personas trabajadoras de la industria química en donde es utilizado como intermediario en síntesis orgánica para la obtención de hidrocarburos polifluorados y polímeros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
128. Efectos tóxicos por diuréticos, otras drogas, medicamentos y substancias biológicas no especificadas
Código CIE-11: NE60, PB28, XM4U75, XM2NF0
Personas trabajadoras encargadas de la fabricación, formulación y empaque de estas substancias en la industria químico-farmacéutica.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
129. Efectos tóxicos por fósforo y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM2AZ6, XM3G46
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con hidrógeno fosforado (fosfina), gases que se producen durante la elaboración de fumigantes, en la generación de acetilenos e hidrólisis de fosfuros.
Personas trabajadoras de la fabricación de aleaciones, catálisis en la industria del petróleo, compuestos fosforados o derivados del fósforo blanco, fabricación de bronce de fósforo, fabricación de explosivos, fabricación de semiconductores, hidrógeno fosforado, insecticidas, parasiticidas, pirotecnia y raticidas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
130. Efectos tóxicos por gases, humos y vapores de formaldehído
Código CIE-11: PB36, PE95, PH56, XM0TV9
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con gases, humos y vapores de formaldehído. Los principales conjuntos de circunstancias que conducen a la exposición ocupacional son:
a) La primera está relacionada con la producción de las soluciones acuosas de formaldehído (formol) y su uso en la industria química, por ejemplo, para la síntesis de diferentes resinas, como conservador en los laboratorios médicos o cosméticos, líquidos de embalsamamiento y como desinfectante.
b) Un segundo grupo está relacionado con la liberación de estos a partir de la hidrólisis y la descomposición por calor de resinas hechas a base de formaldehído en las cuales está presente como un residuo, por ejemplo, durante la fabricación de madera productos textiles, productos sintéticos de aislamiento vítreo y plásticos.
c) El tercer conjunto está relacionado con la pirolisis o la combustión de materia orgánica, por ejemplo, en los gases de escapeo en extinción de incendios.
Personas trabajadoras con actividades económicas relacionadas: bomberos, industria de la construcción, artesanías de fibras y madera, pintura, electrocirugía y cirugía láser, embalsamamiento y laboratorios de anatomía, fabricación de formaldehído y resinas a base de formaldehído, fabricación de melamina y baquelita, fabricación de productos de madera, papel y plásticos, fabricación de textiles, prendas de vestir y peleterías, fábricas de madera contrachapada, fábricas de muebles, fábricas de papel, caucho, seda, explosivos, fundidoras, histopatología y desinfección en los hospitales, industria de la fotografía, industrias de espumas aislantes, producción de fibras de vidrio, producción de plásticos y hules, reparación y mantenimiento de tubos de escape del motor.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
131. Efectos tóxicos por glicol. Monoclorhidrina del glicol (etilen clorhidrina, 2-cloroetanol)
Código CIE-11: PE91, PB31, XM1762, XM0C04, XM55M8, XM3834, XM5HK4 Personas trabajadoras en actividades, tales como: acabados textiles, composición de lacas, agentes de limpieza, disolvente de éteres de celulosa y manipulación de abonos y fertilizantes, fabricación de explosivos, en la industria automotriz, industria farmacéutica, industria tipográfica, refinerías de petróleo, personas trabajadoras expuestas durante la fabricación del óxido de etileno y glicoles.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
132. Efectos tóxicos por manganeso y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: 5B91.5, PE95, PB36, PH56, 6D84.Y, 8A00.2Y, XM3FY4, XM9ZR0
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
133. Efectos tóxicos por mercurio y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM1FG4
Personas trabajadoras en actividades tales como: conservación de semillas, electrólisis de las salmueras e industria del cloro, fabricación y manipulación de explosivos, industria de aparatos de precisión: termómetros, esfigmomanómetros, barómetros; industria de álcalis de cloro, medición de petrolíferos en muestras de yacimientos, fungicidas, industria de la fabricación del cemento (polvos producidos por los hornos), industria química orgánica de la producción de acetileno, industria químico-farmacéutica, lámparas de vapores de mercurio, manipuladores del metal y sus derivados, mineros (de las minas de mercurio) y sombreros de fieltro.
Actividad profesional de ayudantes, secretarias médicas, dentistas y protesistas dentales.
Personas trabajadoras en la industria del bronceado, curtiembres, damasquinado, dorado, niquelado y plateado y minas de extracción de oro y plata.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
134. Efectos tóxicos por monóxido de carbono
Código CIE-11: PE92, PH52, XM1X11
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con altos hornos, bomberos, caldereros, calentadores de gas en espacios pequeños y mal ventilados, combustiones que producen gran cantidad de monóxido de carbono, con combustiones de vehículos automotores, gas de agua, gas de hulla, gas pobre, hornos y espacios confinados, mineros, mantenimiento mecánico, soldadores con fusión, por presión a gas, con arco metálico, oxicorte de metales, motores de combustión interna y todos los casos de combustión incompleta del carbón.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
135. Efectos tóxicos por otras substancias inorgánicas
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM6YR0
Personas trabajadoras de la fabricación de aplicaciones eléctricas, colchones y vestiduras, cubiertas de automóviles, discos, en la producción de resinas, en la producción de tubos y conductores plásticos, hojas y frascos, juguetes, materias plásticas y su utilización en frigoríficos, muebles caseros, películas, recubrimiento para pisos y personas trabajadoras expuestas a humos de motores de combustión.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
136. Efectos tóxicos por otras substancias químicas. Tetrahidrofurano, anilina y sus compuestos, bencidina, alfa naftilamina, beta naftilamina y para difenildiamina
Código CIE-11: NE61, XM5XP8, XM76E2, XM6PE4, XM9WX0
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: fabricación de antioxidantes, barnices y explosivos, colorantes, envases plásticos para la industria alimenticia, estabilizadores para la industria del caucho, explosivos, fabricación de herbicidas, industria textil, pegamentos, pinturas sintéticas, poliuretano, productos farmacéuticos, productos químicos agrícolas, química, resinas y tintas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
137. Efectos tóxicos por otros derivados halogenados de hidrocarburos alifáticos. Cloruro de metilo (clorometano) y cloruro de metileno (diclorometano)
Código CIE-11: NE61, PB35, PH55, XM29D2, XM73T7
Personas trabajadoras que utilizan el cloruro de metilo como frigorífico o el cloruro de metileno como agente de soplado en espumas, agente quitamanchas, anestésico local, componente de aerosoles, desengrasante, disolvente, eliminadores de pinturas, extracción farmacéutica y de alimentos, fumigante, industria de las pinturas, industria fotográfica, mezclas de disolventes para ésteres y éteres de celulosa, películas fotográficas especiales, plaguicidas, recubrimientos de tejidos y curtidos, refrigeración y taxidermistas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
138. Efectos tóxicos por otros disolventes orgánicos. Disulfuro de carbono
Código CIE-11: PB31, PH51, NE61, PE91, XM7S46
Personas trabajadoras expuestas durante su producción o en la utilización del disolvente en el brillo de metales preciosos en galvanoplastia, celofán, como plaguicida y herbicida, como un agente para incrementar la resistencia a la corrosión y el desgaste de metales, cristal óptico, en la conversión y procesamiento de hidrocarburos, en la extracción de aceites y grasas, en la industria refinadora de petróleo y en parafinas, en la preparación de alcanfor, grasas y lacas, fabricación de la viscosa, gomas y resinas, manufactura de fósforos, lubricante de sopletes, industria de semiconductores eléctricos, inhibidor en la polimerización de cloruro de vinilo, producción de adhesivos para madera, agentes de flotación, resinas, tiocianatos y xantatos, purificación de petróleo, rayón, removedor de óxido de metales y para la remoción y recuperación de metales y otros elementos de aguas de desecho y otros medios, vulcanización del hule en frío, vulcanización y manufactura de cauchos y accesorios de caucho y fotografía instantánea.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
139. Efectos tóxicos por otros gases, humos y vapores especificados. Dióxido de Carbono
Código CIE-11: MD11.Y, NE61, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM8XZ6
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de las bebidas gaseosas, en actividades relacionadas con los buzos, en la fábrica de abonos, fábrica de extintores, gasificación de aguas minerales, hielo seco, niebla artificial y preparación de nieve carbónica, industria alimentaria, letrineros y poceros, personas trabajadoras expuestas durante la combustión o fermentación de compuestos de carbono.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
140. Efectos tóxicos por otros gases, humos y vapores especificados (gas de flúor y fluoruro de hidrógeno)
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, CA81.Y, NE61 Personas trabajadoras en la preparación del barnizado de la madera, blanqueo, coloración de sedas, como impermeabilizantes del cemento, fabricación de recubrimientos antiadherentes, flúor y compuestos fluorados, grabado, industria vidriera, metalurgia del aluminio y del berilio, preparación de insecticidas y raticidas, preparación del ácido fluorhídrico, soldadura, superfosfatos y compuestos. Asimismo, es utilizado como intermediario en la fabricación de otras sustancias orgánicas fluoradas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
141. Efectos tóxicos por nitroderivados y aminoderivados del benceno y sus homólogos. Nitrobenceno y trinitrotolueno (3-nitrotolueno)
Código CIE-11: NE61, XM2W93, XM1X35
Personas trabajadoras en actividades relacionadas con la fabricación de: acelerantes y antioxidantes de la industria del caucho y en su vulcanización en frío, betunes para zapatos, como adulterante para sustituir la esencia natural de almendras amargas, derivados del petróleo, explosivos, fabricación de licores, fungicidas, industria química como productos intermediarios en la síntesis de anilina y derivados del alquitrán, insecticidas, perfumes, plásticos, telas, preparación de barnices, preparaciones farmacéuticas, pulidores de suelos, resinas sintéticas, reveladores de fotografía, personas trabajadoras de la producción o manipulación de nitro-benceno, toluidinas, trinitrotolueno y xilidinas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
142. Efectos tóxicos por otros gases, humos y vapores especificados: óxido de nitrógeno
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM69M3
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con gases, humos y vapores de óxidos de nitrógeno, soldadores y cortadores, que manejan los silos de hierbas forrajeras y maíz. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a humos de motores diésel, asimismo, aquellas que realizan actividades en el decapado con ácido nítrico de artículos de latón y cobre, fabricación de colorantes, explosivos, lacas y nitrocelulosa, fotograbado y huecograbado.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
143. Efectos tóxicos por otros gases, humos y vapores especificados: sulfuro de hidrógeno
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, XM7FL0 Personas trabajadoras con actividades relacionadas en el almacén de excremento de animales para abono, bodegas pesqueras, de proyectos de excavación para la extracción de petróleo o gas, espacios confinados con materia orgánica en descomposición, en la industria de productos metálicos como candados de bronce y orfebrería en bronce, curtiembres, plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, personas trabajadoras en contacto con blanqueo, combustión de azufre, conservación de alimentos, estampadores, fabricación de ácido sulfúrico, fumigadores, gases, humos y vapores de sulfuro de hidrógeno, mineros (de las minas de azufre), papeles de colores, preparación de anhídrido sulfuroso en estado gaseoso y líquido, refrigeración y tintorería.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
144. Efectos tóxicos por otros gases, humos y vapores: cloro gaseoso
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM0GT6
Personas trabajadoras en la preparación del cloro y compuestos clorados, como desinfectante, en forma de disolventes, fabricación de plásticos y polímeros, fabricación de textiles y papel, productos agroquímicos y farmacéuticos, purificadores y blanqueadores, semiconductores eléctricos, personas trabajadoras de la industria del aluminio, criolita y teflón. Asimismo, es utilizado como intermediario en la fabricación de otras sustancias en las que no está contenida en el producto final.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
145. Efectos tóxicos por plaguicidas. Pentaclorofenol (PCF) y 4,6- dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC)
Código CIE-11: PB33, PH53, NE61, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM32P2, XM1ZR2
Personas trabajadoras que utilizan estos compuestos como antipiréticos, aplicaciones en síntesis de analgésicos, aplicadores de fungicidas y plaguicidas, carpinteros, ceras, conservación de madera, en la fabricación de colorantes y resinas, fungicidas e insecticidas, gomas, impregnante de fibras y textiles resistentes para vestir, plásticos, personas trabajadoras portuarios y uso forestal.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
146. Efectos tóxicos por plomo y sus compuestos Código CIE-11: NE61, 8D43.0Y, 8D43.2Y, GB55.1, FA25.10, CA60.Y, MA13.00, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM0ZH6
Personas trabajadoras de albayalde, caucho, anticorrosivos, barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmalte y lacas, fabricantes de cajas para conservas, fundiciones de plomo, impresores, industria de acumuladores, baterías, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, pintores, plomeros, soldadura, tubos, personas trabajadoras de la fabricación y manipulación de limpieza, plomo orgánico, preparación de carburantes y soldadura de los recipientes que lo contienen, personas trabajadoras de las fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, de la industria militar, de las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y de los surtidores de gasolina.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
147. Efectos tóxicos por rodenticida. Sulfato de talio
Código CIE-11: PE93, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM2KK3, XM9YD2
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: aplicación de raticidas en base a sulfato de talio y otros derivados que contienen el metal en general, industria del vidrio, envase, fabricación, formulación y transporte, elaboradores de termómetros de bajas temperaturas (-60°C o más), espectrómetros de infrarrojo y otros sistemas ópticos, fabricación de cristales de ioduro de sodio activados por talio para detectar radiación gamma, fabricadores de receptores de oxisulfuro de talio, celdas fotoeléctricas y transmisores de radiación infrarroja y preparación de sales de talio para fuegos artificiales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
148. Efectos tóxicos por homólogos del benceno, tolueno y xileno
Código CIE-11: PB31, PH51, PB36, PE95, PH56, NE61, PE91, XM00E9, XM0D44
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias química, petroquímica y confección de prendas de vestir a la medida, fabricación de cables eléctricos, hilos metálicos, calzado, curtido y acabado de cuero y piel: curtidores, peleteros, taxidermistas y zapateros que manipulan estos disolventes, así como de la industria de: aldehído bencílica, artes gráficas y procesos de impresión, barnices, colorantes, del vestido, esmaltes para uñas, explosivos, fabricación de ácido benzoico, fabricación de nitrocelulosa, fotograbado, hulera, industria del calzado, industria hulera, industria petroquímica, lacas, pegamentos de caucho y plástico, pegamentos y adhesivos, peleteras y curtido del cuero, pinturas, textiles, cerámica, tintorería, tinturas para madera y lacas, trinitrotolueno (TNT) y vidrio.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
149. Efectos tóxicos por zinc y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: MA18.1, PE95, PB36, NE61, XM1U95
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: la fundición de latón o de la soldadura de metales galvanizados, fundidores y soldadores de metal y galvanización o estañado. Alguno de sus derivados se usa como pigmento y en la vulcanización del caucho. El cloruro de zinc se usa en baterías de celdillas seca, cemento dental y desodorante, conservadores de madera y pieles, fundición y flujos para soldado y refinamiento de aceites.
Personas trabajadoras de la industria de cerillas o fósforos, esmaltes, fábricas de cosméticos, fábricas de vasos opalescentes, plaguicidas, porcelanas, productos farmacéuticos, cemento, vidrio, pegamento blanco y rodenticidas. El zinc metálico purificado es moldeado y fundido para equipo eléctrico, herramientas, juguetes, maquinaria, partes automotrices y el zinc en aleación con el cobre forman el latón.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
150. Enfermedades producidas por hormonas y sus sustitutos y antagonistas sintéticos
Código CIE-11: NE60, PE88, PB28, PH48, XM6W81, XM5XB7, XM93X7
Personas trabajadoras de las industrias química y farmacéutica que sintetizan productos hormonales: anticonceptivos orales; andrógenos y sus congéneres anabólicos, antigonadotrofinas, antiestrógenos y antiandrógenos, no clasificados; otros estrógenos y progestágenos, hormonas tiroideas y otras hormonas y sustitutos sintéticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
151. Enfermedades producidas por la exposición a antibióticos
Código CIE-11: PE88, PB28, PH48, PC98
Personas trabajadoras encargadas de la fabricación, formulación y empaque de estas substancias en la industria químico-farmacéutica. Personas trabajadoras del sector salud, veterinarios, y operarios de laboratorios farmacéuticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
152. Intoxicación por otros plaguicidas. Organicoclorados
Código CIE-11: PE93, PB33, PH53, NE61, XM41B3, XM5E09
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: almacenamiento, distribución y transporte del plaguicida, industria de síntesis y formulación, labores de saneamiento ambiental y control de plagas y vectores, trabajos de la producción y manipulación de plaguicidas organoclorados aldrin y dieldrin, en trabajos donde se aplica el plaguicida en labores agrícolas vía manual y con aeronaves.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
153. Intoxicación por plaguicidas organofosforados y carbamatos
Código CIE-11: 8D43.2Y, NE61, PE93, PB33, PH53, XM7154, XM96H3, XM14N6, XM0G23, XM7SU5, XM5F29
Personas trabajadoras en actividades, tales como: almacenamiento, distribución y transporte del plaguicida, industria de síntesis y formulación, trabajos de la producción y manipulación de plaguicidas orgánicofosforados y carbamatos, trabajos en donde se aplica el plaguicida en labores agrícolas vía manual y con aeronaves, labores de saneamiento ambiental y control de plagas y vectores.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
154. Intoxicación por tetracloroetileno
Código CIE-11: NE61, PB35, PH55, XM3DA8
Personas trabajadoras de acondicionadores de telas, adhesivos, anestesiólogos, desengrasado de artículos metálicos y de lana, fabricación de lubricantes de silicona, lavanderías, manufactura de frenos, productos para limpiar madera, quitamanchas y repelentes de agua. Personas empleadas de lavanderías y limpieza en seco.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
155. Envenenamiento por picadura de artrópodos: araña (latrodectismo) Código CIE-11: PG68, XE6UV
Personas trabajadoras en actividades agrícolas y ganaderas, forestales, caza y pesca, no clasificados anteriormente, personas trabajadoras domésticas, de limpieza, planchadores, jardineros, ayudantes de jardineros, biólogos y especialistas en ciencias del mar y oceanógrafos, agrónomos, ingenieros civiles y de la construcción, ingenieros en topografía, hidrología, geología y geodesia, arquitectos, planificadores urbanos y del transporte, auxiliares y técnicos en ciencias biológicas, químicas y del medio ambiente, fumigadores y controladores de plagas, encargados y personas trabajadoras en control de almacén y bodega, recamaristas y camaristas, recolectores de basura y material reciclable.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
156. Envenenamiento por picadura de artrópodo: loxocelismo
Código CIE-11: PA78, XM6NN5, XM7JS2
Personas trabajadoras en actividades agrícolas y ganaderas, forestales, caza y pesca, no clasificados anteriormente; personas trabajadoras domésticas, de limpieza, planchadores y jardineros, ayudantes de jardineros; biólogos y especialistas en ciencias del mar y oceanógrafos, agrónomos, ingenieros civiles y de la construcción, ingenieros en topografía, hidrología, geología y geodesia, arquitectos, planificadores urbanos y del transporte, auxiliares y técnicos en ciencias biológicas, químicas y del medio ambiente, fumigadores y controladores de plagas, encargados y personas trabajadoras en control de almacén y bodega, recamaristas y camaristas, recolectores de basura y material reciclable.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
157. Envenenamiento por picadura de artrópodo: alacrán o escorpión
Código CIE-11: NE61, XM9DM8
Personas trabajadoras en actividades agrícolas y ganaderas; forestales, caza y pesca, no clasificados anteriormente; personas trabajadoras domésticas, de limpieza, planchadores y jardineros; ayudantes de jardineros; biólogos y especialistas en ciencias del mar y oceanógrafos; agrónomos; ingenieros civiles y de la construcción; ingenieros en topografía, hidrología, geología y geodesia; arquitectos, planificadores urbanos y del transporte; auxiliares y técnicos en ciencias biológicas, químicas y del medio ambiente; fumigadores y controladores de plagas; encargados y personas trabajadoras en control de almacén y bodega; recamaristas y camaristas; recolectores de basura y material reciclable.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
158. Envenenamiento por picadura de serpiente (ofidismo)
Código CIE-11: NE61, XM4KN1
Personas trabajadoras en actividades agrícolas y ganaderas, forestales, caza y pesca, no clasificados anteriormente; personas trabajadoras domésticas, de limpieza, planchadores y jardineros, ayudantes de jardineros; biólogos y especialistas en ciencias del mar y oceanógrafos; agrónomos; ingenieros civiles y de la construcción; ingenieros en topografía, hidrología, geología y geodesia; arquitectos, planificadores urbanos y del transporte; auxiliares y técnicos en ciencias biológicas, químicas y del medio ambiente; fumigadores y controladores de plagas; encargados y personas trabajadoras en control de almacén y bodega; recamaristas y camaristas; recolectores de basura y material reciclable.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
159. Efectos tóxicos del cromo y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: PE95, PB36, PH56, NE61, XM9YJ8
Personas trabajadoras de la industria química y farmacéutica. Analista químico, auxiliares en áreas de ciencias químicas y biológicas. Personas trabajadoras de la construcción, productores de acero, soldadores, cromadores y personas trabajadoras de galvanoplastias, fabricantes de pigmentos, técnico dentista, entre otros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
160. Efectos tóxicos del cadmio y sus compuestos
Código CIE-11: GB55.1, NE61, PE95, PB36, PH56, XM0V73
Personas trabajadoras de la refinación y fundición de metales, en plantas productoras de pilas, en plantas de plásticos con cadmio, soldadores, de procesos de galvanoplastia (recubrimientos, revestimientos, galvanización) de metales, de la construcción, recicladores de partes electrónicas, recicladores de plásticos, astilleros, de plantas de incineración de residuos municipales, agrícolas. Personas trabajadoras recolectores y separadores de basura.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo X. Enfermedades del ojo y del oído
161. Degeneraciones o depósitos conjuntivales o subconjuntivales (argirosis ocular)
Código CIE-11: 9A61.6
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a las sales de plata, mineros de extracción de plata, manipuladores del metal y sus derivados, cinceladores, fabricantes de perlas de vidrio, fotógrafos, orfebres, plateros, pulidores, químicos de laboratorio y actividades relacionadas a la exposición del agente.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
162. Blefaroconjuntivitis (blefaroconiosis)
Código CIE-11: 9A60.4
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en actividades como afiladores, alfareros, canteros, carboneros, cementeros, colchoneros, esmeriladores, fabricantes de objetos de aluminio y cobre, laneros, manipuladores de mercurio, mineros, panaderos, peleteros, pulidores y yeseros.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
163. Otras cataratas específicas (cataratas por radiaciones)
Código CIE-11: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a las radiaciones ionizantes y no ionizantes como fundidores, herreros, soldadores con oxiacetileno, vidrieros, técnicos y personal de la energía atómica y otras fuentes de energía radiante. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación y manipulación de los aparatos de rayos X, así como técnicos, personal de gabinete de rayos X y buceo industrial de inspección.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
164. Otras cataratas específicas (catarata por radiaciones eléctricas) Código CIE-11: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a luz del arco voltaico durante la distribución, producción, transporte de la electricidad, de hornos eléctricos y soldadura eléctrica.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
165. Otras cataratas específicas (catarata tóxica)
Código CIE-11: 9B10.2Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en todas las actividades relacionadas con la producción de adhesivos para el hormigón, de plastificadores para PVC (anhídrido tálico), aromatizantes, colorantes, componentes de solventes para plaguicidas, curtientes, sustancias humectantes en la industria textil, productos químicos y farmacéuticos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
166. Conjuntivitis por gérmenes patógenos. Conjuntivitis mucopurulenta
Código CIE-11: 9A60.Y, 9A60.3, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales como dentistas, enfermeras, paramédicos, laboratoristas, médicos, personal sanitario y veterinarios.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
167. Conjuntivitis atópica aguda (retinopatías especificadas por agentes químicos y alergizantes)
Código CIE-11: 9A60.01, 9A60.02, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales en la industria química y farmacéutica, de la celulosa, textil, farmacéutica, así como personas trabajadoras de la agricultura. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a sustancias químicas, tales como: campesinos, granjeros, ingenieros agrónomos, letrineros, panaderos, poceros, vidrieros y personal en contacto con fibras artificiales. Personal de la salud y de las fuerzas armadas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
168. Deterioro leve de la visión y deterioro moderado de la visión
Código CIE-11: 9D90.1, 9D90.2, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al agente causal en la industria química, electrónica, manufacturas de plástico, producción de compuestos cloroalcalinos, germicidas y fabricación de amalgamas odontológicas. Personas trabajadoras expuestas al mercurio orgánico, tales como: agricultores, campesinos, granjeros, ingenieros agrónomos, técnicos dentales y odontólogos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
169. Efectos del ruido sobre el oído interno (cortipatía bilateral por trauma acústico crónico)
Código CIE-11: AB37
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al agente causal en la industria metalúrgica, construcción, metal-mecánica, aviación, minera, textil y militar. Personas trabajadoras que realicen actividades de corte; cizallamiento; laminado; trefilado; estiramiento y perforación de piezas metálicas; fabricación, empleo y destrucción de municiones y explosivos, y trabajos de abrasión e hidráulicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la operación de maquinaria; electrógenos; molienda de piedras y minerales; reparación y operación de motores eléctricos de potencia, turbinas y todo motor de gran potencia; prueba de armas, y utilización de herramientas neumáticas, tales como: martillos, taladros, perforadores y compresores. Personas trabajadoras expuestas como aviadoras, personal de tierra, mecánicos, radiotelegrafistas, tejedores, coneros, trocileros, telefonistas, telegrafistas, músicos, personas trabajadoras de discotecas, ingenieros de audio y disco jockeys (DJs).
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
170. Estrabismo o trastornos de la movilidad ocular, sin especificación
Código CIE-11: 9C8Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al disulfuro de carbono y plomo en las industrias del plástico que utilicen aditivos a base de plomo, alfarería artesanal, cerámica, cristalería, macillas, pinturas y colorantes que contengan el citado metal. Personas trabajadoras en actividades de albayalde, barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmaltes, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, artículos pirotécnicos, y fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza. Personas trabajadoras que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, impresores, plomeros, soldadores de metales que contienen plomo, y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo a los agentes causales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
171. Glaucoma, sin especificación (glaucoma tóxico)
Código CIE-11: 9C61. Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la producción, manipulación, almacenamiento, distribución y transporte de insecticidas orgánicos fosforados; labores de saneamiento ambiental; control de plagas y vectores, y en labores agrícolas vía manual y con aeronaves. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como anestesiólogos, fumigadores aéreos, ingenieros agrónomos, personas trabajadoras del campo en contacto con insecticidas y personal de fumigación.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
172. Daño auditivo por ototóxicos (hipoacusia y vestibulopatías por ototóxicos)
Código CIE-11: Y AB53; AB32.5; AB32.Y
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la agricultura, en las industrias química y farmacéutica, cristalería, cerámica, alfarería, a colorantes que contengan plomo, minería, imprenta, pinturas, textil, plástico, que utilicen aditivos con base a plomo y extracción de aceites, ceras y grasas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de acelerantes de vulcanización, caucho, amalgamas odontológicas, municiones de plomo, artículos pirotécnicos, plaguicidas, fungicidas, germicidas, rayón, tiocompuestos, xantatos, producción de compuestos cloro alcalinos y con disulfuro de carbono, tales como: celofán y esponjas artificiales. Personal de salud y de las fuerzas armadas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
173. Trastornos del nervio óptico Código CIE-11: 9C40.1, 9C40.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales en la agricultura e industrias química, textil y minera.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas durante la producción del disulfuro de carbono, celofán, rayón, disolventes, caucho, esponjas artificiales, extracción de aceites, grasas y ceras, lacas, adhesivos para madera, agentes de flotación, acelerantes de vulcanización, plaguicidas, resinas, tiocianatos y xantatos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al talio en la fabricación de células fotoeléctricas, vidrios ópticos en la aplicación de los espectrofotómetros, del papel celofán, lámparas de tungsteno, obtención de piedras preciosas artificiales, raticidas, termómetros y en su utilización como catalizador en la activación del fósforo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al plomo en las industrias del plástico que utilicen aditivos a base de plomo, alfarería artesanal, cerámica, cristalería, macillas, pinturas y colorantes que contengan el citado metal.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades de albayalde, barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmaltes, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, artículos pirotécnicos, y fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina.
Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, impresores, plomeros, soldadores de metales que contienen plomo, y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo a los agentes causales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
174. Trastorno del nervio trigémino
Código CIE-11: 8B82, XS5B, XS5D, XS9Q, XS2E
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al agente causal en fábricas de artículos de limpieza, pinturas y de líquido corrector de escritura. Personas trabajadoras en actividades de limpieza de piezas metálicas, desengrasado, lavanderías y tintorerías.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
175. Enfermedades infecciosas del oído externo, sin especificación (otitis externa infecciosaotitis del nadador-)
Código CIE-11: AA0Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras en actividades acuáticas relacionadas con inmersión en agua como buzos excepto recreativo, maestros de natación, nadadores profesionales, clavadistas y personas trabajadoras acuícolas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
176. Otitis media supurativa, tubo timpánico crónico
Código CIE-11: AA91.0
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a cambios repetidos de presión barométrica en actividades como buceo excepto recreativo, exploradores, guías de alpinismo, investigadores, paleontólogos, pilotos, rescatistas, sobrecargos, mineros subterráneos, personas trabajadoras subacuáticos y aeroespaciales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
177. Otitis media no supurativa sin especificación (otitis media serosa)
Código CIE-11: AA8Z
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a temperaturas, gases, nieblas o vapores de sustancias irritantes, sensibilizantes (amoníaco o cloro), humedad y velocidad de aire excesivos.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
178. Otitis media supurativa sin especificación
Código CIE-11: AA9Z Personas trabajadoras en actividades acuáticas relacionadas con inmersión en agua como buzos, investigadores marinos, maestros de natación, nadadores profesionales, clavadistas y personas trabajadoras acuícolas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
179. Trastornos de la función vestibular, sin especificación (enfermedad trastorno del laberinto del oído por vibraciones)
Código CIE-11: AB34.Z
Personas trabajadoras con exposición prolongada a vibraciones de cuerpo entero durante la operación de carretillas, elevadoras, camiones articulados y no articulados, ciclomotores, furgonetas, autobuses, tranvías, tractores, ferrocarriles, vehículos de combate blindado, vehículos todo terreno, embarcaciones de alta velocidad, aeronaves de alas rígidas, aeroespaciales y helicópteros. Asimismo, personas trabajadoras que usan máquinas forestales, maquinaría de minas y canteras, maquinaría de movimiento de tierra, tales como: bulldozers, cargadoras, cucharas de arrastre, excavadoras, motoniveladoras, rodillos compactadores y volquetes. Operadores de simuladores visuales de base fija o pantallas gigantes.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
180. Otra parálisis especificada del tercer par (implica nervio óculo motor)
Código CIE-11: 9C81.0Y, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en las industrias química, petroquímica, acero y gasera. Asimismo, personas trabajadoras expuestas en la producción de cálcica, cianida, cianamida y dicianidamida, celulosa, cianógeno, amonio, acrilato, compuestos nitrogenados y en la síntesis de químicos orgánicos.
Personas trabajadoras en contacto con defoliantes de las plantas de algodón, fertilizantes, germicidas, plaguicidas y en la extracción de oro y plata.
Personas trabajadoras en la agricultura, personas campesinas, granjeras, ingenieras agrónomas, joyeras, pulidores de metal y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo al agente causal.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
181. Pterigión
Código CIE-11: 9A61.1
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a vapores de mercurio; a la acción del ácido sulfhídrico (hidrógeno sulfurado); a la fabricación de sal, fibras artificiales a partir de la celulosa y vidriera. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes y no ionizantes durante la fabricación y manipulación de aparatos de rayos X y otras fuentes de energía radiante; personas trabajadoras que utilizan lámparas de arco y lámparas incandescentes de mercurio. Asimismo, personal expuesto a radiación ultravioleta solar.
Personas trabajadoras como artistas, cinematógrafos, campesinos, fundidores, soldadores, granjeros, herreros, hojalateros, horneros, ingenieros agrónomos, laminadores, letrineros, metalúrgicos, panaderos, poceros, radiólogos y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo a los agentes causales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
182. Lesión por cuerpo extraño en la córnea (incrustaciones en la córnea de partículas duras)
Código CIE-11: ND70.0, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales en las industrias minera, cementera, vidriera y metalúrgica. Personas trabajadoras como: afiladores, alfareros, carboneros, cementeros, esmeriladores, fundidores, herreros, hojalateros, horneros, laminadores, mineros, orfebres, vidrieros y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo a los agentes causales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
183. Queratoconjuntivitis (por agentes químicos, físicos y alergizantes)
Código CIE-11: 9A60.Z, XK9J, XK8G, XK9K, XK70
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales en la industria química, de la celulosa, textil, farmacéutica, así como de las personas trabajadoras de la agricultura. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a sustancias químicas, tales como: campesinos, granjeros, ingenieros agrónomos, letrineros, panaderos, poceros, vidrieros y personal en contacto con fibras artificiales.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes y no ionizantes durante la fabricación y manipulación de aparatos de rayos X y otras fuentes de energía radiante; personas trabajadoras que utilizan lámparas de arco y lámparas incandescentes de mercurio. Asimismo, personal expuesto a radiación ultravioleta solar y vidriería.
Personas trabajadoras como artistas, cinematógrafos, campesinos, salineros, fundidores, soldadores, granjeros, herreros, hojalateros, horneros, ingenieros agrónomos, laminadores, letrineros, metalúrgicos, panaderos, poceros, radiólogos y personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición en ejercicio o con motivo del trabajo a los agentes causales.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
184. Inflamación coriorretiniana
Código CIE-11: 9B65.2
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a los agentes causales en las industrias química, farmacéutica, textil y peletería. Personas trabajadoras expuestas a naftalina y benceno en las fabricaciones de adhesivos para el hormigón, anhídrido ftálico (producción de plastificadores para PVC), aromatizantes, colorantes, componentes de solventes para plaguicidas y sustancias humectantes para la industria textil.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
185. Enfermedad por descompresión
Código CIE-11: NF04.2
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a cambios de presión barométrica como: buzos recreativos, buzos pescadores artesanales, buzos industriales, buzos militares, buzos científicos, buzos técnicos, buzos limpiadores de drenajes, excavadores, mineros subterráneos y personal aeroespacial y acompañantes o auxiliares (tender) en el interior de cámaras hiperbáricas (médicos, enfermeros y buzos); exploradores, guías de alpinismo, investigadores, paleontólogos y rescatistas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
186. Embolismo gaseoso arterial cerebral
Código CIE-11: PL11.20
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a cambios de presión barométrica como: buzos recreativos, buzos pescadores artesanales, buzos industriales, buzos militares, buzos científicos, buzos técnicos, buzos limpiadores de drenajes, excavadores, mineros subterráneos y personal aeroespacial y acompañantes o auxiliares (tender) en el interior de cámaras hiperbáricas (médicos, enfermeros y buzos); exploradores, guías de alpinismo, investigadores, paleontólogos y rescatistas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
187. Disbarismo por efectos de la presión del aire y la presión del agua, sin especificación (barotrauma crónico)
Código CIE-11: AA90
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a cambios de presión barométrica como: buzos recreativos, buzos pescadores artesanales, buzos industriales, buzos militares, buzos científicos, buzos técnicos, buzos limpiadores de drenajes, excavadores, mineros subterráneos y personal aeroespacial y acompañantes o auxiliares (tender) en el interior de cámaras hiperbáricas (médicos, enfermeros y buzos); exploradores, guías de alpinismo, investigadores, paleontólogos y rescatistas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
188. Otras alteraciones de la función vestibular (por tóxicos)
Código CIE-11: AB34.Y
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la agricultura, en las industrias química y farmacéutica, cristalería, cerámica, alfarería, colorantes que contengan plomo, minería, imprenta, pinturas, textil, plástico que utilice aditivos con base a plomo y extracción de aceites, ceras y grasas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de acelerantes de vulcanización, caucho, amalgamas odontológicas, municiones de plomo, artículos pirotécnicos, plaguicidas, fungicidas, germicidas, rayón, tiocompuestos, xantatos, producción de compuestos cloro alcalinos y con disulfuro de carbono, tales como: celofán y esponjas artificiales.
Personas trabajadoras en el sector salud y de las fuerzas armadas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación y reciclaje de acumuladores, fabricación y uso de esmaltes, fundidores de plomo y artesanos que utilizan los metales pesados.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
Grupo XI. Enfermedades de endocrinología y genitourinarias
189. Pérdida recurrente de embarazo
Código CIE-11: GA33
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a medicamentos antineoplásicos, tales como: personas trabajadoras encargadas de la fabricación y formulación de estas substancias en la industria químico-farmacéutica. Personal de la salud que los prepara y aplica.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al disulfuro de carbono, tales como: en la industria química, manufactura de rayón, barnices, aceleradores del hule, bromuros, celofán, cementos de neopreno, combustibles para cohetes, como solvente de sulfuros, fosfuros, pinturas, removedores de pintura y barnices, selenio, como componente de insecticidas y yoduros.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al plomo, tales como: trabajadoras en actividades de albayalde, barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmalte, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza. Personas trabajadoras expuestas que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintoras, impresores, plomeras y soldadoras de metales que contienen plomo. Todas aquellas personas trabajadoras expuestas a estas sustancias en procesos de almacenamiento, aplicación, manejo, mantenimiento y producción.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
190. Endometriosis
Código CIE-11: GA10
Personas trabajadoras en procesos industriales relacionadas con el cloro: personas trabajadoras expuestas al blanqueo de la pulpa y pasta de papel con cloro; a la fabricación de productos químicos orgánicos clorados, tales como: clorofenoles, bifenilos policlorados (PCBs), clorobenceno y pigmentos. Fabricación de plaguicidas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas en los procesos térmicos, como son: hornos de cementeras, incineración de todo tipo de residuos; industria del acero, fundiciones y plantas de sinterización; producción de electricidad en centrales térmicas; producción de energía, calefacción con combustión de carbón, gasóleo o madera; reciclaje de metales no ferrosos, tales como: aluminio, cobre y zinc.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
191. Hipotiroidismo por el uso de medicamentos o de otras sustancias exógenas
Código CIE-11: 5A00.20
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al plomo. Personas trabajadoras en el uso de albayalde y elaboración de: barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmalte, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza. Personas trabajadoras expuestas que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, impresores, plomeros y soldadores de metales que contienen plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a hidrocarburos halogenados, personas expuestas a estas sustancias en procesos de producción, manejo, almacenamiento, aplicación y mantenimiento, personas expuestas al tiouracilo, tíocianato y etilentiourea en la industria del caucho, fabricación de insecticidas y fungicidas.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
192. Infertilidad femenina
Código CIE-11: GA31
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes y que se exponen a los rayos X, tales como: personas trabajadoras de centrales nucleares; en la extracción y tratamiento de minerales radioactivos; fabricación y uso de equipos de radioterapia y de rayos X; todos los trabajos de las clínicas dentales, hospitales, sanatorios que expongan al personal de salud a la acción de los rayos X; plantas de producción de isótopos radioactivos; preparación de compuestos radiactivos incluyendo los productos químicos y farmacéuticos radioactivos; preparación y aplicación de productos fosforescentes radioactivos; radiografías industriales utilizando equipos de rayos X u otras fuentes de emisión de radiaciones gamma.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a la anilina. Personas trabajadoras de la industria colorante, productos farmacéuticos, química, textil y tintas.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al benceno, tales como: conductores de autobuses, fabricación de neumáticos, gasolineras, limpieza con disolventes orgánicos, operarios de motores diésel y refinación del petróleo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al mercurio, tales como: personas trabajadoras que laboran en la industria química (producción de acetileno), químico-farmacéutica, del bronce, curtiembres, damasquinado, dorado, niquelado y plateado. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación del cloro, termómetros, fungicidas, cemento (polvos producidos por los hornos), lámparas de vapores de mercurio, manómetros, sombreros de fieltro, y fabricación y manipulación de explosivos. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la conservación de semillas y electrólisis de las salmueras. Mineros de extracción de oro, plata y mercurio, y manipuladores del metal y sus derivados. Personas ayudantes, secretarias de servicios médicos y odontológicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a estas sustancias en procesos de almacenamiento, aplicación, manejo, mantenimiento y producción.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al paramixovirus, tales como: médicos, enfermeras y personal de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
193. Infertilidad masculina
Código CIE-11: GB04
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a radiaciones ionizantes, tales como: personas trabajadoras en centrales nucleares; extracción y tratamiento de minerales radioactivos; fabricación y uso de equipos de radioterapia y de rayos X; todos los trabajos de las clínicas dentales, hospitales, sanatorios que expongan al personal de salud a la acción de los rayos X; plantas de producción de isótopos radioactivos; preparación de compuestos radiactivos incluyendo los productos químicos y farmacéuticos radioactivos; preparación y aplicación de productos fosforescentes radioactivos; radiografías industriales utilizando equipos de rayos X u otras fuentes de emisión de radiaciones gamma.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a temperaturas elevadas, tales como: bomberos, fundidores, ladrilleros, mineros de la metalurgia, pavimentación de carreteras, personas trabajadoras de producción de acero y del vidrio.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al cadmio, tales como: realizan aleaciones de metales, equipo eléctrico, fabricación de pigmentos, manufactura de baterías níquel-cadmio y vidrio.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al dibromocloropropano (DBCP), tales como: personas trabajadoras de las industrias de producción de cloruro de vinilo, o en plantas de polimerización.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a estrógenos, tales como: personas trabajadoras encargados de la fabricación de estas substancias en la industria químico-farmacéutica.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a plomo: personas trabajadoras en actividades de albayalde, barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmalte, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza. Personas trabajadoras expuestas que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, impresores, plomeros y soldadores de metales que contienen plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al paramixovirus, tales como: médicos, enfermeras y personal de la salud.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
194. Nefropatía inducida por metales pesados
Código CIE-11: GB55.1
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a plomo, tales como: personas trabajadoras en actividades relacionadas con el uso de albayalde y elaboración de barnices, cerámica, envolturas de cables, esmalte, lacas, preparación de carburantes y fundición de plomo. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación de cajas para conservas, acumuladores, insecticidas, juguetes, pigmentos, tubos de plomo, plomo orgánico, fabricación y manipulación de productos de limpieza. Personas trabajadoras expuestas que laboran en fábricas de blindaje de material radioactivo, en la industria militar, en las refinerías de gasolina con plomo y en los surtidores de gasolina. Personas trabajadoras en actividades como: pintores, impresores, plomeros y soldadores de metales que contienen plomo.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas a mercurio: personas trabajadoras que laboran en la industria química (producción de acetileno), químico-farmacéutica, del bronce, curtiembres, damasquinado, dorado, niquelado y plateado. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la fabricación del cloro, termómetros, fungicidas, cemento (polvos producidos por los hornos), lámparas de vapores de mercurio, manómetros, sombreros de fieltro, y fabricación y manipulación de explosivos. Personas trabajadoras expuestas en la conservación de semillas y electrólisis de las salmueras. Mineros de extracción de oro, plata y mercurio, y manipuladores del metal y sus derivados. Personas ayudantes, secretarias de servicios médicos y odontológicos.
Personas trabajadoras expuestas al cadmio, tales como: los que realizan aleaciones de metales, equipo eléctrico, fabricación de pigmentos, manufactura de baterías níquel-cadmio y vidrio.
Personas trabajadoras que presentan exposición de forma directa e indudable a la acción de los agentes causales establecidos en la fracción II de la cédula correspondiente contenida en el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, que tengan su origen o con motivo del trabajo o en el medio que la persona trabajadora se vea obligada a prestar sus servicios.
TABLA PARA LA VALUACIÓN DE INCAPACIDADES PERMANENTES RESULTANTES DE LOS RIESGOS DE TRABAJO
Miembro superior
Pérdidas
1 Por la desarticulación interescapulotorácica. 85% 2 Por la pérdida parcial de la clavícula. 20% 3 Por la desarticulación del hombro. 80% 4 Por la amputación del brazo, entre el hombro y el codo. 80% 5 Por la desarticulación del codo. 80% 6 Por la amputación del antebrazo entre el codo y la muñeca. 75% 7 Por la pérdida total de la mano. 75% 8 Por la pérdida total o parcial de los 5 metacarpianos. 75% 9 Por la pérdida de los 5 dedos. 70% 10 Por la pérdida de 4 dedos de la mano, incluyendo el pulgar. 65% Por la pérdida de 4 dedos de la mano incluyendo el pulgar y los 11 metacarpianos correspondientes, aunque la pérdida de éstos no sea 70% completa. 12 Por la pérdida de 4 dedos de la mano, conservando el pulgar móvil. 50% 13 Por la pérdida de 4 dedos de la mano, conservando el pulgar inmóvil. 60% 14 Por la pérdida del pulgar, índice y medio. 55% 15 Por la pérdida del pulgar y del índice. 45% Por la pérdida del pulgar con el metacarpiano correspondiente o parte de 16 35% éste. 17 Por la pérdida del pulgar solo. 30% 18 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal del dedo pulgar. 25% 19 Por la pérdida de la falange distal del pulgar. 20% 20 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange distal del pulgar. 10% 21 Por la pérdida del índice con el metacarpiano o parte de éste. 25% 22 Por la pérdida del dedo índice. 20% 23 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal del dedo índice. 16% Por la pérdida de la falange distal, con mutilación o pérdida de falange media 24 12% del índice. 25 Por la pérdida de la falange distal del índice. 6% 26 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange distal del índice. 2% Por la pérdida del dedo medio con pérdida de su metacarpiano o parte de 27 18% éste. 28 Por la pérdida del dedo medio. 15% 29 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal del dedo medio. 13% Por la pérdida de la falange distal con mutilación o pérdida de la falange 30 10% media del dedo medio. 31 Por la pérdida de la falange distal del dedo medio. 5% 32 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange distal del dedo medio. 2% Por la pérdida del dedo anular con pérdida de su metacarpiano o parte de 33 15% éste. 34 Por la pérdida del dedo anular. 12% 35 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal del dedo anular. 10% Por la pérdida de la falange distal con mutilación o pérdida de la falange 36 8% media del anular. 37 Por la pérdida de la falange distal del anular. 4% 38 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange distal del anular. 2% Por la pérdida del dedo meñique con pérdida de su metacarpiano o parte de 39 15% éste. 40 Por la pérdida del dedo meñique. 12% 41 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal del dedo meñique. 10% Por la pérdida de la falange distal con mutilación o pérdida de la falange 42 8% media del meñique. 43 Por la pérdida de la falange distal del meñique. 4% 44 Por la pérdida parcial de la falange distal del meñique. 2% Anquilosis
Pérdida completa de la movilidad articular
45 Completa del hombro con movilidad del omóplato. 40% 46 Completa del hombro con fijación e inmovilidad del omóplato. 55% 47 Completa del codo en posición de flexión entre 75 y 140 grados. 35% 48 Completa del codo en posición de flexión menor de 75 grados. 50% 49 De torsión, con supresión de los movimientos de pronación y supinación. 25% 50 Completa de la muñeca en extensión. 60% 51 Completa de la muñeca en flexión. 45% Anquilosis de todas las articulaciones de los dedos de la mano en flexión 52 75% (mano en garra) o extensión (mano extendida). 53 Carpo-metacarpiana del pulgar. 20% 54 Metacarpo-falángica del pulgar. 12% 55 Interfalángica del pulgar. 6% 56 De las dos articulaciones del pulgar. 18% 57 De las articulaciones del pulgar y carpo-metacarpiana del pulgar. 38% 58 Articulación metacarpo-falángica del índice. 7% 59 Articulación entre la falange proximal y media del índice. 10% 60 Articulación entre las falanges media y distal del índice. 4% 61 De las articulaciones interfalángica proximal y distal del índice. 14% 62 De las tres articulaciones del índice. 21% 63 Articulación metacarpo-falángica del dedo medio. 5% 64 Articulación entre las falanges proximal y media del dedo medio. 7% 65 Articulación entre las falanges media y distal del dedo medio. 2% 66 De las articulaciones interfalángica proximal y distal del dedo medio. 10% 67 De las tres articulaciones del dedo medio. 15% 68 Articulación metacarpo-falángica del anular. 3% 69 Articulación entre las falanges proximal y media del anular. 5% 70 Articulación entre las falanges media y distal del anular. 2% 71 De las articulaciones interfalángica proximal y distal del anular. 8% 72 De las tres articulaciones del anular. 12% 73 Articulación metacarpo-falángica del meñique. 3% 74 Articulación entre las falanges proximal y media del meñique. 5% 75 Articulación entre las falanges media y distal del meñique. 2% 76 De las articulaciones interfalángica proximal y distal del meñique. 8% 77 De las tres articulaciones del meñique. 12%
Rigideces articulares
Disminución de los movimientos por lesiones articulares, tendinosas o musculares
78 Del hombro, afectando principalmente la flexión y la abducción. 10 a 30% Del codo, que no permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión de 79 30% 90 a 140 grados. Del codo, que no permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión 80 20% menor de 90 grados. 81 Del codo, que permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión hasta 10% 70 grados. Del codo, que permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión hasta 82 5% 110 grados. 83 De torsión, con limitación de los movimientos de pronación y supinación. 5 a 15% 84 De la muñeca. 10 a 15% 85 Metacarpo-falángica del pulgar. 2 a 5% 86 Interfalángica del pulgar. 5% 87 De las dos articulaciones del pulgar. 5 a 10% 88 Metacarpo-falángica del índice. 3% 89 De la articulación interfalángica proximal o distal del índice. 6% 90 De la articulación interfalángica proximal y distal del índice. 12% 91 De las tres articulaciones del índice. 15% 92 De una sola articulación del dedo medio. 2% 93 De dos articulaciones del dedo medio. 4% 94 De las tres articulaciones del dedo medio. 6 a 8% 95 De una sola articulación del anular. 2% 96 De dos articulaciones del anular. 3% 97 De las tres articulaciones del anular. 5 a 6% 98 De una sola articulación del meñique. 2% 99 De dos articulaciones del meñique. 3% 100 De las tres articulaciones del meñique. 5 a 6%
Pseudoartrosis
Del hombro, consecutiva a resecciones amplias o pérdidas considerables de 101 60% sustancia ósea. 102 De la clavícula. 30% 103 De la escápula. 30% 104 Del húmero. 45% Del codo, consecutiva a resecciones amplias o pérdidas considerables de 105 55% substancia ósea. 106 Del antebrazo, de un solo hueso. 30% 107 Del antebrazo, de los dos huesos. 50% De la muñeca, consecutiva a resecciones amplias o pérdidas considerables 108 40% de substancia ósea. 109 De todos los huesos del metacarpo. 40% 110 De un solo metacarpiano. 10% 111 De la falange distal del pulgar. 8% 112 De la falange distal del dedo índice, medio anular o meñique. 6% 113 De la falange proximal del pulgar. 15% 114 De la falange proximal o media del índice. 10% De la falange proximal o media del dedo medio, anular o meñique, por cada 115 5% falange.
Cicatrices retráctiles que no puedan ser resueltas quirúrgicamente
116 De la axila, según el grado de limitación de los movimientos del brazo. 20 a 50% Del codo, que no permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión de 117 30% 90 a 140 grados. 118 Del codo, que no permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión 20% menor de 90 grados. Del codo, que permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión hasta 119 10% 70 grados. Del codo, que permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión hasta 120 5% 110 grados. De la aponeurosis palmar que afecten la flexión o extensión, la pronación, 121 10 a 30% supinación, o que produzca rigideces combinadas.
Trastornos funcionales de los dedos, consecutivos a lesiones no articulares, sino a sección o pérdida de los tendones extensores o flexores, adherencias o cicatrices
Flexión permanente de uno o varios dedos
122 De las dos articulaciones del pulgar. 10 a 25% 123 De las tres articulaciones del índice o dedo medio. 8 a 15% 124 De las tres articulaciones del anular o meñique. 8 a 12% 125 De todas las articulaciones de todos los dedos de la mano. 65 a 75% 126 De cuatro dedos de la mano excluyendo el pulgar. 45 a 50%
Extensión permanente de uno o varios dedos
127 De las dos articulaciones del pulgar. 18 a 22% 128 De las tres articulaciones del índice. 10 a 15% 129 De las tres articulaciones del medio. 8 a 12% 130 De las tres articulaciones del anular o meñique. 8 a 12% Extensión permanente de todas las articulaciones de todos los dedos de la 131 65 a 75% mano. 132 Extensión permanente de cuatro dedos de la mano, excluyendo el pulgar. 50%
Secuelas de fracturas
133 De la escápula, cuando produzca rigidez de hombro. 10 a 30% 134 De la clavícula, cuando produzca rigidez del hombro. 10 a 30% 135 Del húmero, cuando produzca rigidez, atrofia muscular. 10 a 30% Del olécranon, que no permite la extensión completa con un ángulo de flexión 136 30% de 90 a 140 grados. Del olécranon, que no permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de 137 20% flexión menor de 90 grados. Del olécranon, que permite la extensión completa, con un ángulo de flexión 138 10% hasta 70 grados. Del olécranon que permite la extensión completa con un ángulo de flexión 139 5% hasta 110 grados. 140 Distal de los huesos del antebrazo, cuando produzcan rigidez de la muñeca. 10 a 20% Proximal de los huesos del antebrazo, cuando produzcan rigidez de 141 10 a 20% pronación y/o supinación. De los huesos del antebrazo, cuando produzcan rigidez de la muñeca y 142 10 a 20% limitación para la pronación y/o supinación. 143 Del metacarpo, con desviación secundaria de la mano y rigidez de los dedos. 10 a 20%
Parálisis completas e incompletas (paresias) por lesiones de nervios periféricos 144 Parálisis total del miembro superior. 70% 145 Parálisis del tronco superior. 50% 146 Parálisis del tronco medio. 50% 147 Parálisis del tronco inferior. 50% 148 Parálisis del nervio subescapular. 12% 149 Parálisis del nervio circunflejo o axilar. 30% 150 Parálisis del nervio músculo-cutáneo. 35% 151 Parálisis del nervio mediano en el brazo. 45% 152 Parálisis del nervio mediano en la muñeca. 30% 153 Parálisis del nervio ulnar si está lesionado arriba del codo. 35% 154 Parálisis del nervio ulnar si está lesionado abajo del codo. 30% 155 Parálisis del nervio radial si está lesionado arriba del codo. 50% 156 Parálisis del nervio radial si está lesionado abajo del codo. 40% En caso de parálisis combinadas por lesiones de los nervios antes mencionados en ambos miembros, se sumarán los porcentajes 157 --correspondientes a cada uno, sin que en ningún caso las incapacidades sumadas pasen del cien por ciento. En caso de parálisis incompleta o parcial (paresias), los porcentajes serán reducidos proporcionalmente de acuerdo con el grado de impotencia 158 --funcional. El valor máximo otorgado no podrá ser superior al valor mínimo que se otorga por parálisis. 159 Síndrome de dolor regional complejo hombro-mano. 20 a 60% 160 Síndrome de dolor regional complejo hombro. 10 a 30% 161 Síndrome de dolor regional complejo mano-muñeca. 10 a 30%
Luxaciones que no puedan ser resueltas quirúrgicamente
162 De la clavícula, no reducida o irreductible esternoclavicular. 5% 163 De la clavícula, no reducida o irreductible acromioclavicular. 10-30% 164 Del hombro, glenohumeral. 30% 165 Del codo. 25% 166 De la muñeca (radiocarpal o radioulnar). 25% 167 De los huesos del carpo. 25% 168 De un metacarpiano. 8% 169 Del cuarto y quinto metacarpianos. 20% 170 De todos los metacarpianos. 40% 171 Metacarpo-falángica del pulgar. 25% 172 De la falange distal del pulgar. 5% 173 De la falange proximal o media de cualquier otro dedo. 10% 174 De la falange distal de cualquier otro dedo. 4%
Músculos
Amiotrofia del hombro mayor o igual a un centímetro, sin anquilosis ni rigidez 175 15% articular. Amiotrofia del brazo o del antebrazo mayor o igual a un centímetro, sin 176 10 a 15% anquilosis ni rigidez articular. Amiotrofia de la mano mayor o igual a un centímetro, sin anquilosis ni rigidez 177 5 a 10% articular.
Vasos
Las secuelas y lesiones arteriales y venosas se valuarán de acuerdo con la magnitud de las alteraciones orgánicas y los trastornos funcionales que produzcan (amputaciones, rigideces articulares, lesiones de los nervios 178 --periféricos, atrofia de masas musculares, entre otros). En caso de lesiones bilaterales, se sumarán los porcentajes correspondientes a cada miembro, sin que en ningún caso sobrepasen del cien por ciento. En los músicos instrumentistas, mecanógrafos, relojeros, joyeros ensamblador de partes electrónicas, etc. y labores similares, la pérdida, anquilosis, pseudoartrosis, luxaciones, parálisis, retracciones cicatrizales y 179 rigideces de los dedos utilizados efectivamente en el trabajo, así como en los --casos de retracciones de la aponeurosis palmar de la mano que interese esos mismos dedos, se aumentará hasta el 250%, observándose lo dispuesto en el artículo 494 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo.
Miembro inferior
Pérdidas
180 Por la desarticulación de la cadera. 80% 181 Por la amputación del muslo, entre la cadera y la rodilla. 80% 182 Por la desarticulación de la rodilla. 70% Por la extirpación de la rótula, con movilidad anormal de la rodilla y amiotrofia 183 40% del tríceps. 184 Por la amputación de la pierna, entre la rodilla y el tobillo. 65% 185 Por la pérdida total del pie. 55% 186 Por la mutilación de un pie con conservación del talón. 45% 187 Por la pérdida parcial o total del calcáneo. 10 a 30% 188 Por la desarticulación medio-tarsiana. 40% 189 Por la desarticulación tarso metatarsiana. 30% 190 Por la pérdida de los cinco dedos. 25% 191 Por la pérdida del primer dedo, con pérdida o mutilación de su metatarsiano. 25% 192 Por la pérdida del primer dedo sólo. 15% 193 Por la pérdida parcial o total de la falange distal del primer dedo. 7% 194 Por la pérdida de un dedo que no sea el primero. 5% Por la pérdida parcial de la falange proximal de un dedo que no sea el 195 4% primero. Por la pérdida de la falange distal, con mutilación o pérdida de la falange 196 3% media de un dedo que no sea el primero. Por la pérdida parcial o total de la falange distal de un dedo que no sea el 197 2% primero. Por la pérdida del segundo, tercero o cuarto dedo con mutilación o pérdida de 198 8% su metatarsiano, conservando el primero o quinto dedo. 199 Por la pérdida del quinto dedo con mutilación o pérdida de su metatarsiano 20%
Anquilosis
200 Completa de la articulación coxofemoral, en rectitud. 55% De la articulación coxofemoral en posición de flexión, aducción, abducción y/o 201 65% rotación.
202 De las dos articulaciones coxofemorales. 100% 203 De la rodilla en posición de flexión mayor de 45 grados y hasta 140 grados. 65% 204 De la rodilla en posición de flexión hasta 45 grados. 40% 205 De la rodilla en genu valgum o genu varum. 50% 206 Del tobillo en ángulo recto. 15% 207 Del tobillo en ángulo recto, con rigidez de los dedos. 30% 208 Del tobillo, cuando la posición es diferente a la neutra. 55% 209 De cualquier dedo, en extensión. 5% 210 De cualquier dedo, cuando la posición es diferente a la neutra. 15%
Rigideces articulares
Disminución de los movimientos por lesiones articulares, tendinosas o musculares
211 De la cadera, con flexión mayor a 90 grados y extensión mayor 10 grados. 15 a 25% De la cadera, con flexión menor o igual a 90 grados y extensión menor o igual 212 30 a 40% 10 grados. 213 De la rodilla, que permita la extensión completa, según el ángulo de flexión. 10 a 20% De la rodilla que no permita la extensión completa o casi completa, según el 214 25 a 35% ángulo de flexión. Del tobillo, con flexión mayor o igual a 10 grados y extensión mayor o igual a 215 5 a 10% 30 grados. 216 Del tobillo, con flexión menor a 10 grados y extensión menor a 30 grados. 10 a 20% 217 De cualquier dedo. 2%
Pseudoartrosis
Atrófica, normotrófica o hipertrófica
De la cadera, consecutiva a resecciones amplias con pérdida considerable de 218 50 a 70% substancia ósea. 219 Del fémur. 40 a 60% 220 De la rodilla con pierna en péndulo (consecutiva a resecciones de rodilla). 40 a 60% 221 De la rótula con extensión completa y flexión menor o igual a 90 grados. 15% 222 De la rótula con extensión incompleta y flexión mayor o igual a 90 grados. 20% 223 De la rótula con extensión incompleta y flexión menor a 90 grados. 40% 224 De la tibia y el peroné. 40 a 60% 225 De la tibia sola. 30 a 40% 226 Del peroné sólo. 8 a 18% 227 Del primero o del último metatarsiano. 8 a 15% 228 Del segundo, tercero o cuarto metatarsiano. 5%
Cicatrices retráctiles que no puedan ser resueltas quirúrgicamente
229 De la rodilla en posición de flexión mayor a 45 grados y hasta 140 grados. 30 a 50% 230 De la rodilla en posición de flexión de 10 grados hasta 45 grados. 20 a 30% 231 Del hueco poplíteo, que limiten la extensión a menos de 90 grados. 50 a 60% 232 De la planta del pie, con retracción de la punta hacia uno de sus bordes. 20 a 40%
Secuelas de fracturas De la pelvis, con dolores persistentes y dificultad moderada para la marcha y 233 15 a 25% los esfuerzos. De la pelvis, con acortamiento o desviación del miembro inferior con o sin 234 25 a 50% rigidez de la cadera. 235 Del acetábulo, con hundimiento con o sin rigidez de la cadera. 15 a 40% De la rama horizontal del pubis, con ligeros dolores persistentes y moderada 236 15 a 20% dificultad para la marcha o los esfuerzos. De la rama isquiopúbica, con moderada dificultad para la marcha y los 237 15 a 20% esfuerzos. De la rama horizontal y de la rama isquiopúbica, con dolores persistentes, 238 40 a 60% trastornos vesicales y acentuada dificultad para la marcha o los esfuerzos. 239 Del cuello del fémur y región trocantérea, con rigidez, claudicación y dolor. 30 a 40% Del cuello del fémur y región trocantérea, con acortamiento mayor a 6 240 60 a 80% centímetros, rigideces articulares y desviaciones angulares. De la diáfisis femoral, con acortamiento de 1 a 4 centímetros, con o sin 241 8 a 15% rigidez, con o sin atrofia muscular. De la diáfisis femoral, con acortamiento de 3 a 6 centímetros, atrofia 242 15 a 30% muscular, sin rigidez articular. De la diáfisis femoral, con acortamiento de 3 a 6 centímetros, atrofia muscular 243 30 a 40% y rigidez articular. De la diáfisis femoral, con acortamiento de 6 a 12 centímetros, atrofia 244 30 a 50% muscular y rigideces articulares. De la diáfisis femoral, con acortamiento de 6 a 12 centímetros, desviación 245 50 a 70% angular externa, atrofia muscular y flexión de la rodilla menor de 35 grados. De los cóndilos femorales y/o tuberosidades tibiales, con rigideces articulares, 246 30 a 50% desviaciones, aumento de volumen de la rodilla, y/o alteración de la marcha. 247 De la rótula, con extensión completa y flexión poco limitada. 10% De la tibia y el peroné, con acortamiento de 2 a 4 centímetros, atrofia 248 15 a 30% muscular, con o sin rigidez. De la tibia y el peroné, con acortamiento de más de 4 centímetros, 249 consolidación angular, desviación de la pierna hacia fuera o hacia adentro, 35 a 50% desviación secundaria del pie, marcha posible con o sin rigidez. De la tibia y el peroné, con acortamiento de más de 4 centímetros o 250 55 a 70% consolidación angular, marcha imposible, con o sin rigidez. 251 De la tibia, con dolor, atrofia muscular y rigidez articular. 10 a 25% 252 Del peroné, con dolor, atrofia muscular con o sin rigidez. 5 a 10% Maleolares o maleolar, con desviación del pie hacia adentro y/o con atrofia 253 25 a 40% muscular y rigidez articular. Maleolares o maleolar, con desviación del pie hacia afuera y/o con atrofia 254 25 a 40% muscular y rigidez articular. 255 Del tarso, con pie plano postraumático doloroso con o sin rigidez. 15 a 20% 256 Del tarso, con desviación del pie hacia adentro o hacia afuera. 20 a 30% Del tarso, con deformación considerable, inmovilidad de los dedos y atrofia de 257 30 a 50% la pierna. 258 Del metatarso, con dolor, desviaciones o impotencia funcional. 10 a 20%
Parálisis completas o incompletas (paresias) por lesiones de nervios periféricos
259 Parálisis total del miembro inferior. 70% 260 Parálisis del nervio ciático mayor. 60% 261 Parálisis del ciático poplíteo externo o peroneo. 35% 262 Parálisis del ciático poplíteo interno o tibial. 30% 263 Parálisis combinada del ciático poplíteo interno y del ciático poplíteo externo. 40% 264 Parálisis del nervio crural o femoral. 50% En caso de parálisis combinadas por lesiones de los nervios antes mencionados en ambos miembros, se sumarán los porcentajes 265 --correspondientes a cada uno, sin que en ningún caso las incapacidades sumadas pasen del cien por ciento. En caso de parálisis incompleta o parcial (paresias), los porcentajes serán reducidos proporcionalmente de acuerdo con el grado de impotencia 266 --funcional. El valor máximo otorgado no podrá ser superior al valor mínimo que se otorga por parálisis. 267 Con síndrome de dolor regional complejo sacroilíaco. 35 a 40% 268 Con síndrome de dolor regional complejo de cadera. 25 a 35% 269 Con síndrome de dolor regional complejo de rodilla. 20 a 30% 270 Con síndrome de dolor regional complejo de pie. 10 a 20%
Luxaciones que no puedan ser resueltas quirúrgicamente
271 Del pubis, irreductible o inveterada, o relajación extensa de la sínfisis. 25 a 40%
Músculos
Amiotrofia mayor o igual a un centímetro del muslo, sin anquilosis ni rigidez 272 30% articular. Amiotrofia mayor o igual a un centímetro del lóculo anterior del muslo, sin 273 20% anquilosis ni rigidez articular. Amiotrofia mayor o igual a un centímetro de la pierna, sin anquilosis ni rigidez 274 30% articular. Amiotrofia mayor o igual a un centímetro del lóculo antero-externo de la 275 15% pierna, sin anquilosis ni rigidez articular. 276 Amiotrofia total mayor o igual a un centímetro del miembro inferior. 40%
Vasos
Las secuelas de lesiones arteriales y venosas se valuarán de acuerdo con la magnitud de las alteraciones orgánicas y los trastornos funcionales que 277 --produzcan (amputaciones, rigideces articulares, lesiones de los nervios periféricos, atrofia de masas musculares, entre otros). 278 Tromboflebitis crónica. 15 a 25% Úlceras varicosas recidivantes con escasa respuesta a tratamiento, según 279 8 a 20% su extensión. Varices con edema crónico, cambios tróficos de piel, no controlables y no 280 8 a 20% susceptibles de tratamiento médico quirúrgico. En caso de lesiones bilaterales se sumarán los porcentajes 281 correspondientes a cada miembro, sin que en ningún caso sobrepasen del --cien por ciento.
Cabeza
Cráneo Los trastornos mentales orgánicos y afectivos se valuarán conforme a la 282 -- Tabla XV. El síndrome cráneo-encefálico tardío postconmocional, se valuará conforme 283 a la Tabla XV, independientemente del daño colateral, que se valuará con la --fracción que corresponda. 284 Avulsión o pérdida mayor a 10 centímetros de la piel cabelluda. 20 a 35% Pérdida ósea del cráneo hasta de 5 centímetros de diámetro, con o sin 285 10 a 20% prótesis. Pérdida ósea del cráneo mayor a 5 centímetros de diámetro, con o sin 286 20 a 30% prótesis. Epilepsia traumática no curable quirúrgicamente, cuando las crisis puedan 287 50 a 70% ser controladas médicamente y permitan desempeñar algún trabajo. Por epilepsia traumática no curable quirúrgicamente, cuando las crisis no 288 puedan ser controladas médicamente y no permitan el desempeño de 100% ningún trabajo. Por epilepsia no traumática, no curable quirúrgicamente, cuando las crisis 289 50 a 70% puedan ser controladas médicamente y permitan desempeñar algún trabajo. Por epilepsia no traumática, no curable quirúrgicamente, cuando las crisis 290 no puedan ser controladas médicamente y no permitan el desempeño de 100% ningún trabajo. 291 Epilepsia jacksoniana. 10 a 25% 292 Disosmia o anosmia por lesión del nervio olfativo. 5% 293 Disgeusia o ageusia. 10% 294 Por lesión del nervio trigémino. 15 a 30% 295 Por lesión del nervio facial. 15 a 30% Por lesión del neumogástrico o vago (según el grado de trastornos 296 10 a 50% funcionales comprobados). 297 Por lesión del nervio espinal. 10 a 40% 298 Por lesión del nervio hipogloso, cuando es unilateral. 15% 299 Por lesión del nervio hipogloso, bilateral. 60% 300 Monoplejia superior. 70% 301 Monoparesia superior. 20 a 40% 302 Monoplejia inferior, marcha espasmódica. 40 a 70% 303 Monoparesia inferior, marcha posible. 20 a 40% 304 Paraplejia. 100% 305 Paraparesia, marcha posible. 50 a 70% 306 Paraparesia, marcha imposible. 70 a 90% 307 Hemiplejia. 70 a 90% 308 Hemiparesia. 20 a 60% 309 Cuadriplejia. 100% 310 Cuadriparesia. 50 a 70% 311 Diabetes azucarada o insípida. 10 a 40% 312 Afasia discreta. 20 a 30% 313 Afasia acentuada, aislada. 40 a 80% 314 Afasia con hemiplejia. 100% 315 Agrafia. 20 a 30%
Cara Mutilaciones extensas, cuando comprendan los dos maxilares superiores y 316 90 a 100% la nariz, según la pérdida de substancia de las partes blandas. 317 Mutilaciones que comprendan el maxilar y la mandíbula. 90 a 100% Mutilación de la rama horizontal de la mandíbula sin prótesis posible, o del 318 60 a 80% maxilar en su totalidad. 319 Pseudoartrosis del maxilar con masticación imposible. 50 a 60% 320 Pseudoartrosis del maxilar con masticación posible, pero limitada. 20 a 30% Pseudoartrosis del maxilar con masticación posible, en caso de prótesis con 321 5 a 15% mejoría comprobada de la masticación. Pérdidas de substancia en la bóveda palatina, no resueltas 322 15 a 35% quirúrgicamente, según el sitio y la extensión. Pérdidas de substancia en la bóveda palatina, en caso de prótesis con 323 5 a 10% mejoría funcional comprobada. Pseudoartrosis de la rama ascendente de la mandíbula, con masticación 324 5 a 10% posible. Pseudoartrosis de la rama ascendente de la mandíbula con masticación 325 15 a 25% imposible. Pseudoartrosis de la rama horizontal de la mandíbula con masticación 326 10 a 20% posible. Pseudoartrosis de la rama horizontal de la mandíbula con masticación 327 25 a 35% imposible. 328 Pseudoartrosis de la sínfisis. 25 a 30% 329 Pseudoartrosis de la sínfisis con masticación imposible. 25 a 40% Pseudoartrosis de la mandíbula. En caso de prótesis con mejoría funcional 330 5 a 20% comprobada. Pseudoartrosis de la mandíbula con o sin pérdida de substancia, no 331 50 a 60% resuelta quirúrgicamente, con masticación insuficiente o abolida. Consolidaciones defectuosas de la mandíbula y maxilar, que dificulten la 332 articulación de los arcos dentarios y limiten la masticación, cuando la 20 a 30% apertura oral sea menos a 4 centímetros. Consolidaciones defectuosas de la mandíbula y maxilar, que dificulten la 333 articulación de los arcos dentarios, cuando la apertura oral sea mayor o 5 a 15% igual a 4 centímetros. Consolidaciones defectuosas de la mandíbula y maxilar, que dificulten la 334 articulación de los arcos dentarios, cuando con un aparato protésico se 5 a 10% corrija la masticación. 335 Pérdida de uno o varios dientes: reposición. -- 336 Pérdida total de la dentadura, prótesis no tolerada. 30% 337 Pérdida total de la dentadura, prótesis tolerada. 15% 338 Pérdida completa de un arco dentario, prótesis no tolerada. 20% 339 Pérdida completa de un arco dentario, prótesis tolerada. 10% 340 Pérdida de la mitad de un arco dentario, prótesis no tolerada. 15% 341 Pérdida de la mitad de un arco dentario, prótesis tolerada. 5% Bridas cicatrizales que limiten la abertura de la boca, impidiendo la higiene 342 20 a 50% bucal, la pronunciación, la masticación o dejen escurrir la saliva. Luxación irreductible de la articulación temporomandibular, según el grado 343 20 a 35% de entorpecimiento funcional. Amputaciones o mutilaciones de la lengua, según el entorpecimiento de la 344 20 a 40% palabra y de la deglución. 345 Fístula salival no resuelta quirúrgicamente. 10 a 20% Ojos
346 Ceguera total, con conservación o pérdida de los globos oculares. 100% Pérdida o disminución permanente (cuando ya no puede ser mejorada con 347 anteojos) de la agudeza visual (visión restante con corrección óptica). -- Véase Tabla I.
En los casos de pérdida o disminución de la agudeza visual en un solo ojo, estando el otro sano, debajo de la primera línea horizontal, en la que están señalados los diversos grados indemnizables de pérdida o disminución, aparecen inscritos los porcentajes de incapacidad correspondientes a cada grado (segunda línea horizontal).
En los casos de pérdida o disminución de la agudeza visual en un solo ojo, estando el otro enfermo por afección ajena al trabajo, si la visión restante en cada ojo es igual o inferior a 0.2, el porcentaje de incapacidad indemnizable aparece en la intersección de la columna vertical y de la línea horizontal correspondiente.
En los casos de pérdida o disminución bilateral de la agudeza visual, a consecuencia de riesgo de trabajo en ambos ojos, el porcentaje de incapacidad indemnizable aparece en la intersección de la columna vertical y de la línea horizontal correspondiente.
Tabla I
Pérdida o disminución permanente de la agudeza visual A.V. 1 a 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.05 0. E.c/p * E.p/i. ** 1 a 0.8 0% 6% 9% 12% 15% 20% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 60% 0.7 6% 13 16 19 22 27 37 42 47 52 57 67 0.6 9% 16 19 22 25 30 40 45 50 55 62 72 0.5 12% 19 22 25 28 33 43 50 55 60 67 77 0.4 15% 22 25 28 31 40 50 60 65 70 75 82 0.3 20% 27 30 33 40 50 60 70 75 80 85 90 0.2 30% 37 40 43 50 60 70 77 85 90 95 98 0.1 35% 42 45 50 60 70 77 90 95 98 100 100 0.05 40% 47 50 55 65 75 85 95 98 100 100 100 0 45% 52 55 60 70 80 90 98 100 100 100 100 E.c/p * 50% 57 62 67 75 85 95 100 100 100 100 100 E.p/i ** 60% 67 72 77 82 90 98 100 100 100 100 100 * Enucleación con prótesis. ** Enucleación, prótesis imposible.
Pérdida o disminución permanente de la agudeza visual en sujetos monóculos. Ceguera o 348 visión inferior a 0.05 en el ojo contralateral (visión restante con corrección óptica). Ver Tabla II.
Tabla II
Pérdida o disminución permanente de la agudeza visual en sujetos monóculos Incapacidades en persona trabajadoras Agudeza visual (%) 0.7 13 0.6 19 0.5 25 0.4 31 0.3 50 0.2 70 0.1 90 0.05 100 0 100
Al aceptarse en servicio a las personas trabajadoras, se considerará para reclamaciones 349 posteriores por pérdida de la agudeza visual, que tienen la unidad, aunque tuvieran 0. 8 (8 décimos en cada ojo).
Disminución del campo visual uni o bilateral con agudeza visual normal o disminuida aplicando los artículos siguientes:
Deficiencia visual por déficit del campo visual binocular
350 Cuadrantanopsia homónima (derecha o izquierda). 26% 351 Cuadrantanopsia bitemporal. 26%
Deficiencia visual por déficit concéntrico del campo visual unilocular
352 Pérdida total o parcial de un cuadrante. 13% 353 Pérdida total o parcial de dos cuadrantes. 26% 354 Pérdida total o parcial de tres cuadrantes. 40% 355 Pérdida total o parcial de los cuatro cuadrantes. 50% Los escotomas se valuarán según la determinación de pérdida del campo visual, aplicando 356 las fracciones anteriores.
Deficiencia visual por déficit concéntrico del campo visual
357 Nictalopía adquirida. 30% Estrechamiento del campo visual, con conservación de 30 grados o más, 358 10 a 15% en un solo ojo. Estrechamiento del campo visual, con conservación de 30 grados o más, 359 20 a 30% en ambos ojos. Estrechamiento del campo visual, con conservación de menos de 30 360 30 a 50% grados en un solo ojo. Estrechamiento del campo visual, con conservación de menos de 30 361 30 a 100% grados, en ambos ojos.
Hemianopsias verticales
362 Homónimas, derecha o izquierda. 40 a 50% 363 Heterónimas binasales. 40 a 50% 364 Heterónimas bitemporales. 50 a 60%
Hemianopsias horizontales
365 Superiores. 10 a 15% 366 Inferiores. 30 a 50% Hemianopsia en sujetos monóculos (visión conservada en un ojo y abolida o menor a 0.05 en el contralateral), con visión central
367 Nasal. 60 a 70% 368 Inferior. 70 a 80% 369 Temporal. 80 a 90% En los casos de hemianopsia con pérdida de la visión central uni o bilateral se agregará al porcentaje de valuación correspondiente a la hemianopsia, 370 --el relativo a la visión restante, observándose lo dispuesto en el artículo 494 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo.
Trastornos de la movilidad ocular
Estrabismo por lesión muscular o alteración nerviosa correspondiente, sin 371 10% diplopía.
Diplopía uni o bilateral (no susceptibles de corrección)
372 Horizontal. 30% 373 Vertical. 30% 374 Oblicua. 30% En cualquiera de las anteriores cuando se encuentre afectada la posición 375 primaria de la mirada (central) se agregará un 20%, y cuando esté afectada --la mirada en la parte inferior del campo se agregará un 10%. Diplopía, acompañada o no de ptosis palpebral, con o sin oftalmoplejía 376 50% interna, que amerita la oclusión de un ojo. Diplopía, por lesión nerviosa bilateral que limita los movimientos de ambos 377 ojos y reduce el campo visual por la desviación, originando desviación de 60% cabeza para fijar, además de la oclusión de un ojo.
Discromatopsias
378 Discromatopsia adquirida unilateral. 15% 379 Discromatopsia adquirida bilateral. 30%
Otras lesiones
380 Afaquia unilateral corregible con lente de contacto o intraocular. 10% 381 Afaquia bilateral corregible con lentes de contacto o intraoculares. 20% En las dos fracciones anteriores se les agregará la incapacidad que corresponda de acuerdo con la disminución de la agudeza visual no 382 --corregible, sin que la suma sobrepase el 100%, conforme a las estipulaciones del artículo 494 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo. Midriasis, iridodiálisis o iridectomía en sector, cuando ocasionan trastornos 383 10% funcionales, en un ojo. Midriasis, iridodiálisis o iridectomía en sector, cuando ocasionan trastornos 384 20% funcionales, en ambos ojos.
Ptosis palpebral o blefaroespasmo unilaterales, no resueltos quirúrgicamente, cuando cubren el área pupilar 385 Ptosis palpebral, pupila descubierta. 10% Ptosis palpebral en forma mínima, con elevación del párpado superior de 7 386 15% a 9 mm. Ptosis palpebral, en forma moderada, con elevación del párpado superior 387 20% de 1 a 6 mm. 388 Ptosis palpebral, en forma severa, sin elevación del párpado superior. 30% A esta incapacidad se le deberá sumar la disminución de la agudeza 389 --visual sin que exceda del 100%.
Ptosis palpebral o blefaroespasmo bilateral no resuelto quirúrgicamente, cuando cubren el área pupilar
390 Ptosis palpebral, pupilas descubiertas. 20% Ptosis palpebral, en forma mínima con elevación del párpado superior de 7 391 30% a 9 mm. Ptosis palpebral, en forma moderada con elevación del párpado superior de 392 40% 1 a 6 mm. 393 Ptosis palpebral, en forma severa, sin elevación del párpado superior. 60% A esta incapacidad se le deberá sumar la disminución de la agudeza visual 394 --sin que exceda del 100%.
Incapacidades que se basan en el grado de la visión, según en qué posición primaria (mirada horizontal de frente). La pupila está más o menos descubierta
Desviación de los bordes palpebrales (entropión, ectropión, triquiasis, 395 15% cicatrices deformantes, simblefarón y anquilobléfaron) unilateral. 396 Bilateral. 25%
Alteraciones de las vías lagrimales
397 Lagoftalmos cicatrizal o paralítico unilateral. 15% 398 Lagoftalmos cicatrizal o paralítico bilateral. 25% 399 Epifora unilateral. 10% 400 Epifora bilateral. 20% 401 Fístula(s) lagrimal unilateral. 20% 402 Fístula(s) lagrimal bilateral. 30%
Nariz
403 Mutilación parcial de la nariz, sin estenosis, no corregida plásticamente. 20% 404 Pérdida de la nariz sin estenosis, no reparada plásticamente. 40% 405 Cuando haya sido reparada plásticamente. 15 a 20% 406 Cuando la nariz quede reducida a muñón cicatrizal, con estenosis. 30 a 50%
Oídos
Pérdida o deformación total del pabellón auricular, unilateral, sin estenosis 407 10% del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación parcial del pabellón auricular, unilateral, sin 408 7% estenosis del conducto auditivo externo.
Pérdida o deformación total del pabellón auricular, bilateral, sin estenosis 409 20% del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación parcial del pabellón auricular, bilateral, sin estenosis 410 15% del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación total del pabellón auricular, unilateral, con estenosis 411 15% del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación parcial del pabellón auricular, unilateral, con 412 12% estenosis del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación total del pabellón auricular bilateral, con estenosis 413 30% del conducto auditivo externo. Pérdida o deformación parcial del pabellón auricular bilateral, con estenosis 414 25% del conducto auditivo externo. 415 Obliteración total del conducto auditivo externo unilateral. 20% 416 Obliteración total del conducto auditivo externo bilateral. 40% Pérdida de la membrana timpánica unilateral (subtotal o total), con injerto 417 5% funcional. Pérdida de la membrana timpánica bilateral (subtotal o total), con injerto 418 10% funcional. Pérdida de la membrana timpánica unilateral (subtotal o total), con injerto 419 20% no funcional o sin posibilidad quirúrgica. Pérdida de la membrana timpánica bilateral (subtotal o total), con injerto no 420 40% funcional o sin posibilidad quirúrgica. Alteraciones anatómicas irreversibles de las estructuras de oído medio y de 421 la cadena osicular; unilateral. 20% Incluye la perdida de la membrana timpánica. Alteraciones anatómicas irreversibles de las estructuras de oído medio y de 422 40% la cadena osicular; bilateral. Incluye la perdida de la membrana timpánica. Disfunción de la tuba auditiva unilateral, irreversible y resistente a 423 20% tratamiento. Disfunción de la tuba auditiva bilateral, irreversible y resistente a 424 40% tratamiento. Disfunción de la tuba auditiva uni o bilateral, irreversible y resistente a tratamiento que interfiere de manera continua con las actividades laborales 425 aun cuando no afecten las actividades de la vida diaria. Cuyo óptimo 50% funcionamiento de la tuba auditiva, sea indispensable para su desempeño laboral. 426 Acúfeno unilateral debidamente comprobado. 5% 427 Hiperacusia debidamente comprobada. 5% Disfunción vestibular debidamente comprobada. 428 -- Se valuará siguiendo las normas de la Tabla III.
Tabla III-A
Disfunción vestibular Evaluación completa y Pruebas de Gabinete con Alteraciones en Grado de Porcentaje pruebas pertinentes una vigencia de al menos las actividades afección de para establecer el 3 meses de su puesto de funcional incapacidad diagnóstico trabajo permanente (contar con al menos una (contar con al menos prueba alterada) una prueba alterada) Evaluación Pruebas bitérmicas con Desequilibrio que 1 10-30% otoneurológica completa: agua, y interfiere de Pruebas rotatorias con manera Leve De la marcha; videonistagmografía o intermitente con De movimientos electronistagmografía. las actividades oculares; laborales, al Pruebas postulares, y En la medida que se menos una vez Pruebas vestibulares disponga; cada 3 meses. complementarias. Según se requiera: Pruebas de impulso Desequilibrio que 2 31-60% cefálico tridimensional y interfiere de Evaluación potenciales miogénicos manera continua Moderada audiológica completa: evocados por estímulo con las Estudio Audiológico vestibular. actividades completo; laborales, que Estudio de oído impliquen medio, y movimientos Evaluación craneoencefálicos neurológica completa. bruscos. Otras evaluaciones Desequilibrio que 3 61-90% específicas que se interfiere de requieran. manera continua Severa con las actividades laborales aun cuando no impliquen movimientos craneoencefálicos bruscos. Desequilibrio que Permanente 100% impide la total deambulación independiente y requiere asistencia continua de otra persona. No puede realizar ninguna actividad laboral. Adicionalmente a lo establecido en el artículo 492 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo, se debe considerar otorgar el valor máximo del rango del porcentaje de incapacidad, cuando el desempeño de sus actividades laborales pueda poner en riesgo su vida, la de terceros o el patrimonio.
429 Disfunción tubárica crónica bilateral, resistente a tratamiento. 30 a 40% 430 Disfunción tubárica crónica unilateral, resistente a tratamiento. 15 a 20% 431 Acufeno bilateral debidamente comprobado. 10% Sorderas e hipoacusias profesionales. Se valuarán siguiendo las normas de 432 --la Tabla III-B.
Tabla III-B
Sorderas e hipoacusias profesionales Porcentaje de Porcentaje de incapacidad Porcentaje de hipoacusia Porcentaje de hipoacusia órgano funcional bilateral combinada incapacidad bilateral órgano funcional combinada 10 10 18 16 11 11 19 16 12 12 20 17 13 12 21 18 14 13 22 18 15 14 23 19 16 15 24 19 17 15 25 20 Cálculo de Fletcher Cálculo de la incapacidad parcial permanente por obtención de la hipoacusia bilateral combinada de acuerdo a los umbrales obtenidos de la audiometría tonal y utilizando el procedimiento para la valuación de hipoacusias de: Fletcher, A.M.A. modificada por: De La Cruz Ávila, Gómez Cruz, Gutiérrez Farfán, Jiménez Ruiz, Rojo Ramírez, Toledo Ortiz, Torres Valenzuela, Velasco Reyna, Zarate Cabrera (octubre de 2016).
Dependiendo del mecanismo de lesión y secuela se podrán utilizar uno de los siguientes rangos de frecuencia:
a. Para lesiones que abarquen el umbral mínimo de audición en las frecuencias de 250, 500, 1,000 y 2,000 Hz.
b. Para lesiones que abarquen el umbral mínimo de audición en las frecuencias de 2000, 3,000, 4,000, y 6,000 Hz.
c. Para lesiones que tengan compromiso en las frecuencias de incisos A y B, se elegirá el rango de frecuencias que presente mayor pérdida auditiva.
Primero. Si en el audiograma no aparecieran anotaciones de algún oído o los dos por anacusia, o no hubo respuesta en todas o en alguna de ellas, el valor que se le asignará a esas frecuencias será de 120 dB y si en el oído contralateral los niveles de audición para las frecuencias del área de lenguaje están en valores de 0 dB o menores, para efectos de valuación se considerará como promedio 5 dB.
Segundo. Se suman y se obtiene el promedio aritmético para cada oído. Ejemplo:
Oído derecho (OD) Oído izquierdo (OI)
2000 Hz 60 dB 2000 Hz 10 dB 3000 Hz 50 dB 3000 Hz 15 dB 4000 Hz 50 dB 4000 Hz 15 dB 6000 Hz 50 dB 6000 Hz 15 dB
Suma: 210 / 4= 52.5 Suma: 55/ 4=13.7
Promedio aritmético para las frecuencias de la zona del lenguaje, para oído derecho 52.5, para oído izquierdo 13.7.
Tercero. El promedio aritmético de cada oído se multiplica por 0.8 (constante de fletcher) y se obtiene el promedio de pérdida para cada oído o índice de fletcher.
Ejemplo: OD: 52.5 x 0.8 =42 OI: 13.75 x 0.8=11
Cuarto. Se calcula la hipoacusia bilateral combinada, (H.B.C.) o por ciento de incapacidad auditiva biaural.
Se multiplican los resultados anteriores: por 7 el oído menos sordo y por 1 el más sordo. Se suman y se divide entre 8.
(% oído menos sordo x 7) + (% oído más sordo x 1) / 8
(11 x 7) + (42 x 1) = 77+42 = 119=14.8 (H.B.C.)
Como el resultado de las operaciones aritméticas de este procedimiento con frecuencia traduce valores en fracciones decimales, se ha considerado conveniente suprimir estas fracciones y reportar números enteros (redondeo), de acuerdo al siguiente criterio:
Hasta 0.5 se redondea al entero inmediato anterior: Ejemplo: 14.5= 14
Si es igual o mayor a 0.6 décimos, se elevará al entero inmediato superior: Ejemplo: 14.8= 15.
Quinto. Cálculo del por ciento de la incapacidad parcial permanente: en este ejemplo corresponde a: 15% de H.B.C. y 14% de incapacidad permanente.
Cuando la H.B.C. se encuentra entre 10 y 25 por ciento se aplicará la Tabla IV ajustada suprimiendo decimales.
Cuando la H.B.C. es de 25% o mayor, basta restar 5 unidades para obtener el porcentaje de incapacidad parcial permanente, hasta 70%.
A partir de 71% de H.B.C. ya no se restarán 5 unidades toda vez que corresponderá a 100% de Incapacidad Permanente. En virtud de que la audición residual no es útil para establecer comunicación humana.
Determinar la incapacidad funcional auditiva biaural, sin reducción por presbiacusia o estado anterior.
Cuello
Desviación (tortícolis, flexión anterior) por retracción muscular o amplia 433 10 a 30% cicatriz. 434 Flexión anterior cicatrizal, estando el mentón en contacto con el esternón. 40 a 60% 435 Estrechamientos cicatrizales de la laringe que produzcan disfonía. 20% 436 Que produzcan afonía o disfonía sin disnea. 30 a 40% 437 Cuando produzcan disnea de grandes esfuerzos. 10% 438 Cuando produzcan disnea de medianos o pequeños esfuerzos. 20 a 70% 439 Cuando produzcan disnea de reposo. 70 a 80% 440 Cuando por disnea se requiera el uso de cánula traqueal a permanencia. 70 a 90% 441 Cuando causen disfonía (o afonía) y disnea. 25 a 80% 442 Estrechamiento cicatrizal de la faringe con perturbación de la deglución. 20 a 40% Pérdida de la glándula tiroides, incluyendo o no las paratiroides, con 443 20% respuesta adecuada al tratamiento sustitutivo. Pérdida de la glándula tiroides, incluyendo o no las paratiroides, sin 444 26% respuesta al tratamiento sustitutivo.
Trastornos de la voz
445 Los trastornos de la voz debidamente comprobados se valuarán conforme a la Tabla IV.
Tabla IV
Valuación de los trastornos de la voz Categoría Características Valuación Leve Presencia de disfonía; 10 al 20% Presencia de sintomatología leve con base a procedimientos clínicos de evaluación; Puede hacerse oír en ambiente ruidoso, y Con aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio. Moderado Presencia de disfonía; 21 al 40% Presencia de sintomatología moderada con base a procedimientos clínicos de evaluación; Puede hacerse oír en ambiente normal, y Con aptitud limitada para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio. Severo Presencia de disfonía severa o afonía; 41 al 60% Presencia de sintomatología severa con base a procedimientos clínicos de evaluación; No puede hacerse oír en ambiente silente, y Sin aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio. En personas trabajadoras cuya calidad de la voz sea indispensable para su desempeño laboral, la valuación no podrá ser menor del 41%.
Nota: El porcentaje de valuación lo determinará el criterio con la categoría más alta encontrada.
446 Los trastornos de la deglución se valuarán siguiendo las normas de la Tabla V.
Trastornos de deglución
Tabla V
Trastornos de la deglución Categoría Características Valuación Leve Presencia de sintomatología leve, con tos ocasional 20 al 27% cuando se alimenta; Sensación de atragantamiento; Puede comer la mayoría de los alimentos sólidos, semisólidos, semilíquidos, líquidos y de consistencia mixta;
Los tiempos de comidas son prolongados; Necesita tragar varias veces para pasar el alimento, y Con aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio. Moderado Presencia de sintomatología moderada, tos frecuente con 28 al 34% la ingesta de alimentos sólidos, semisólidos, semilíquidos, líquidos y de consistencia mixta; Pérdida ponderal menor al 10% del peso en 6 meses; Sólo puede comer trozos pequeños o cantidades menores de líquidos a los que estaba acostumbrado; Incrementa el número de mordidas para la masticación; Necesita varios tragos en seco para pasar el alimento, y Con aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio con dificultad, pero las lleva a cabo. Severo Presencia de tos o sensación de ahogo importante con 35 al 40% los alimentos, sólidos, semisólidos, semilíquidos, líquidos y de consistencia mixta, saliva o flemas espesas; Pérdida ponderal igual o mayor al 10% del peso en 6 meses; Debe comer pequeñas cantidades de alimentos por bocado; Requiere varias degluciones en seco; Presencia de cuadros respiratorios recurrentes y neumonía, y Sin aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio.
Nota: El porcentaje de valuación lo determinará el criterio con la categoría más alta encontrada.
Tórax y contenido
Secuelas de fractura aislada del esternón con disminución de los 447 10% movimientos de amplexión y amplexación. Secuelas de fracturas del esternón con hundimiento o desviación, sin 448 20% complicaciones profundas. 449 Secuela de fracturas de una a tres costillas, con dolores al esfuerzo físico. 5 a 10% De fracturas costales o condrales con dolor y dificultad al esfuerzo torácico 450 10 a 15% o abdominal. De fracturas costales con hundimiento y trastornos funcionales más 451 20 a 30% acentuados. 452 Adherencias y retracciones cicatrizales pleurales. 20 a 30% Secuelas con alteraciones broncopulmonares (asma bronquial, enfisema pulmonar, bronquitis crónica, neumonitis, fibrosis, lesiones postraumáticas, 453 --etc.), según el grado de alteración orgánica y funcional, se utilizará la Tabla VI.
Tabla VI
Graduación de la deficiencia respiratoria en enfermedades pulmonares del trabajo Ejercicio Clínica Cardio Mecánica ventilatoria Insuficiencia respiratoria Valuación Pulmonar Disnea VO2max CVF FEV1 Variabilidad FEF 25-75 Hipoxemia Hipercapnia I.P.P.% clasificación Borg ml/kg/min % del PEF% FEF 75-85 modificada (%) 0 ≥ 25 Normal Normal 20 Leve Normal Normal 0 (59-20) 0 Normal Normal Moderada Normal Normal 5 0.5-1 20-24 Leve Leve 21-29 (19-15) Leve Normal 20-30 (79-75) (79-70) (63-59) 2-3 Moderada Moderada Grave Moderada Leve 31-40 (74-70) (69-51) (14-10) (58-54) (35-36) 4-6 15-19 Grave Grave 30-39 Muy Grave Moderada 41-60 (69-65) (50-31) Grave (53-49) (37-39) (< 9) 7-8 - Muy Grave Grave 61-80 (48-44) (40-44) 9-10 <15 Muy Muy >40 - - Muy Grave 100 Grave Grave (> 45) (< 64) (> 30) Para poder determinar un índice de perfusión periférica (IPP) en los flujos periféricos mayor al 50%, se deberá valorar también el FEV1. Para determinar un IPP mayor del 60% con los datos de hipoxemia censada por medio de oximetría de pulso, se deberá valorar además con hipercapnia determinada por la gasometría arterial. La interpretación de la espirometría tendrá como punto cardinal, la utilización de valores obtenidos en población adulta mexicana sana. El porcentaje de valuación lo determinan las pruebas de función respiratoria post broncodilatador con el valor más bajo encontrado.
Fibrosis neumoconiótica complicada con tuberculosis pulmonar, clínica y 454 bacteriológicamente sin remisión. Agregar 20% al monto de las --incapacidades consignadas en la Tabla VI, sin exceder del cien por ciento. 455 Hernia diafragmática postraumática no resuelta quirúrgicamente. 30 a 40% 456 Estrechamiento del esófago no resuelto quirúrgicamente. 20 a 70%
Corazón
457 Adherencias pericárdicas sin insuficiencia cardíaca. 10 a 20% 458 Cardiopatía hipertensiva sin complicaciones. 20 a 40% Cardiopatía hipertensiva con complicaciones de insuficiencia renal crónica, 459 secuelas de hemorragia cerebral, infarto del miocardio, con o sin disfunción 100% ventricular. 460 Insuficiencia cardiaca clase II. 20 a 40% 461 Insuficiencia cardiaca clase III. 41 a 90% 462 Insuficiencia cardiaca clase IV. 91 a 100% 463 Insuficiencia valvular grado I. 20 a 40% 464 Insuficiencia valvular grado II. 41 a 70% 465 Insuficiencia valvular grado III. 71 a 100% 466 Bloqueo auriculoventricular incompleto grado I. 20% 467 Bloqueo auriculoventricular incompleto grado II (mobitz I o mobitz II). 25% 468 Bloqueo auriculoventricular completo grado III. 30%
Abdomen
469 Hernia inguinal, crural o abdominal inoperables. 10 a 20% Las mismas, reproducidas después de tratamiento quirúrgico (recurrente o 470 20 a 30% recidivante). 471 Cicatrices viciosas de la pared abdominal que produzcan alguna incapacidad. 10 a 30% 472 Cicatrices con eventración, inoperables o no resueltas quirúrgicamente. 30 a 60% Fístulas del tubo digestivo o de sus anexos, inoperables o cuando produzcan 473 20 a 60% alguna incapacidad. 474 Pérdida total del estómago. 60 a 80% 475 Pérdida parcial del estómago. 30 a 40% 476 Pérdida del bazo. 15% 477 Pérdida de la vesícula biliar. 15% 478 Pérdida parcial del intestino delgado. 30 a 40% 479 Pérdida total del colon. 60 a 80% 480 Pérdida parcial del colon. 40 a 50% 481 Incontinencia fecal. 60% Las alteraciones persistentes del tubo digestivo como la enfermedad ácido- 482 --péptica y el intestino irritable se evaluarán conforme a la Tabla VII.
Tabla VII
Alteraciones persistentes del tubo digestivo Clase Descripción Valuación 1 Alteraciones persistentes de la enfermedad ácido péptica (reflujo 0% gastroesofágico, gastritis recidivante, úlcera péptica). Puede presentar antecedente de tratamiento quirúrgico. Precisa de tratamiento continuado con control completo de síntomas. 2 Cumple los criterios de la clase 1. 10% Tiene antecedente de tratamiento quirúrgico. Precisa de tratamiento continuado sin control completo de síntomas. 3 Cumple los criterios de la clase 2. 20% Precisa de tratamiento continuado y puede presentar manifestaciones sistémicas (anemia, sangrado de tubo digestivo alto, pérdida de peso). Evidencia anatomopatológica o imagenológica de lesiones premalignas. 4 Cumple los criterios de la clase 3. -- Cuenta con estomas (gastrostomía, gastro yeyunostomía, yeyunostomía). Tomar en cuenta la capacidad funcional en relación con el desempeño del puesto de trabajo. Realiza trabajo ligero. 40% Realiza trabajo medio. 60% Realiza trabajo pesado. 80% Incapaz de realizar cualquier actividad laboral. 100%
483 Pérdida parcial del páncreas. 60 a 80% 484 Pérdida parcial del hígado. 40 a 60% Otras lesiones o pérdidas de los órganos contenidos en el abdomen, 485 30 a 80% que produzcan como consecuencia alguna incapacidad probada. 486 La insuficiencia hepática se evaluará conforme a las Tablas VIII y IX. --
Tabla VIII
Clasificación de estadios de la insuficiencia hepática Clasificación Escala de Estadio Descripción Child-Pugh MELD 1 Alteraciones persistentes de la bioquímica hepática -- 0-9 (aminotransferasas, fosfatasas alcalinas, bilirrubinas, albumina, tiempos de coagulación). Ausencia de varices esofágicas, y Ausencia de ascitis. 2 Cumple los criterios de la clase 1. Clase A 10-19 Presencia de varices esofágicas. Ausencia de Ascitis. Ausencia de hemorragia digestiva o historia de hemorragia digestiva. Evidencia anatomopatológica o imagenológica de lesiones cirrógenas (hepatitis crónica activa, esteatohepatitis, fibrosis portal o fibrosis centrolobulillar). Requiere tratamiento con corticoides inmunosupresores o con inmunomoduladores de manera continuada. 3 Cumple los criterios de la clase 2. Clase B 20- 29 Presencia de ascitis con o sin varices esofágicas. Ausencia de hemorragia digestiva o historia de hemorragia digestiva. Síntomas de insuficiencia hepática, de hipertensión portal, no desencadenados por proceso agudo intercurrente, en los últimos dos años. 4 Cumple los criterios de la clase 3. Clase C 30 o más Síntomas de insuficiencia hepática, de hipertensión portal en forma continua a pesar de recibir tratamiento. Presencia de ascitis. Presencia de varices esofágicas. Presencia de hemorragia digestiva o historia de hemorragia digestiva.
La escala de Child-Pugh emplea 5 criterios clínicos de la enfermedad hepática. Cada criterio es medido del 1 al 3, siendo el 3 el que indica el daño más severo Puntos ponderables atribuibles a cada parámetro 1 2 3 Encefalopatía Ausente Grado 1-2 Grado 3-4 Ascitis Ausente Leve Moderada Bilirrubina sérica < 2 mg/dl 2-3 mg/dl > 3 mg/dl Albúmina sérica > 35 g/l 28-35 g/l < 28 g/l Protrombina (prolongada) 1- 4 4-6 >6 Bilirrubina (en cirrosis biliar primaria) < 4 mg/dl 4-10 mg/dl > 10 mg/dl
Nota: Para la clasificación Child-Pugh se usa la sumatoria de la puntuación de la escala:
A = 5-6 puntos. B = 7-9 puntos. C = 10-15 puntos.
Escala de MELD (Model for End Stage Liver Disease) modelo matemático de predicción de la sobrevida de una persona con enfermedad hepática basado en valores de bilirrubina, ratio internacional normalizado (INR) y creatinina.
El rango de valores va de 6 a 40; el valor mínimo es 1 para cada variable y a menor puntaje, mejor pronóstico. MELD Score = 9,57 Ln (Creat) + 3,78 Ln (Bili) + 11,2 Ln (INR) + 6,43
Tabla IX
Determinación del porcentaje de incapacidad permanente parcial o total por motivo de la insuficiencia hepática Categorización de la Categorías de capacidad funcional en relación con el desempeño del insuficiencia hepática puesto de trabajo 0 1 2 3 1 0% 30% 50% 100% 2 60% 70% 80% 100% 3 80% 90% 95% 100% 4 100% 100% 100% 100%
Aparato genitourinario
487 Pérdida o atrofia de un testículo u ovario, estando el otro sano. 25% Pérdida o atrofia de un testículo u ovario, estando el otro enfermo por 488 50% afección ajena al trabajo. 489 Pérdida o atrofia de los dos testículos u ovarios. 50 a 100% Por la pérdida de la función de una tuba uterina con capacidad reproductiva 490 20% antes del riesgo de trabajo. Por la pérdida de la función de dos tubas uterinas con capacidad 491 50% reproductiva antes del riesgo de trabajo. 492 Pérdida del útero, con capacidad reproductiva antes del riesgo de trabajo. 70% 493 Pérdida del útero, sin capacidad reproductiva antes del riesgo de trabajo. 40% 494 Pérdida parcial o total de vejiga. 30% 495 Pérdida total o parcial del pene, o disminución o pérdida de su función. 50 a 100% 496 Con estrechamiento del orificio uretral, perineal o hipogástrico. 70 a 100% Prolapso uterino consecutivo a accidentes de trabajo, no resuelto 497 50 a 70% quirúrgicamente. 498 Por la pérdida o mutilación de un seno con prótesis posible. 20 a 30% 499 Por la pérdida o mutilación de un seno con prótesis imposible. 30 a 50% 500 Por la pérdida o mutilación de los dos senos con prótesis posible. 50 a 70% Pérdida orgánica o funcional de un riñón (incluye glándula suprarrenal) 501 35 a 50% estando normal la función del contralateral. 502 Con perturbación funcional del riñón contralateral. 50 a 100% 503 La insuficiencia renal crónica se evaluará conforme a la Tabla X.
Tabla X
Clasificación de estadios de la enfermedad renal crónica Estadio Descripción Filtrado glomerular Albuminuria Valuación
(mL/min/1.73m2) cociente albúmina/creatinina 1 Normal o alta. Mayor a 90 0-30 mg/g, normal o Sin valuación 2 Levemente 60-89 levemente aumentada. 10-20% disminuida.
3A Leve a 45-59 30-300 mg/g, 20 a 40% moderadamente moderadamente aumentada. disminuida. 3B Moderada a 30-44 41 a 60% gravemente disminuida. 4 Gravemente 15-29 >300 mg/g, gravemente 61 a 90% disminuida. aumentada. 5 Insuficiencia renal. Menor a 15 91 a 100%
504 Incontinencia de orina permanente. 30 a 40% 505 Estrechamiento parcial de la uretra anterior, no resuelto quirúrgicamente. 30 a 40% 506 Estrechamiento parcial de la uretra posterior, no resuelto quirúrgicamente. 60% Estrechamiento total de la uretra, postraumático, no resuelto 507 quirúrgicamente, que obligue a efectuar la micción por un meato perineal o 60 a 90% hipogástrico.
Columna vertebral
Secuelas sin lesión medular
Con limitación de los arcos de movilidad de la columna y pérdida permanente de la curvatura anatómica
508 Región cervical. 30 a 50% 509 Región torácica. 15 a 30% 510 Región lumbosacra. 30 a 50% 511 Región coccígea. 10%
Secuelas de traumatismos con lesión medular
512 Paraplejía. 100% 513 Paraparesia de los miembros inferiores, si la marcha es imposible. 70 a 90% 514 Si la marcha es posible con muletas. 50 a 70%
Clasificaciones diversas
La pérdida de ambos ojos, ambos brazos arriba del codo, desarticulación de la cadera de ambos lados o de un brazo arriba del codo y de una pierna arriba de la rodilla del mismo lado, lesión medular por cualquier traumatismo 515 100% que produzca parálisis completa de los miembros inferiores con trastornos esfinterianos, demencia, se considerarán como incapacidad permanente total. Las deformaciones puramente estéticas, según su carácter, serán indemnizadas a juicio del Tribunal del Poder Judicial de la Federación que 516 corresponda, sólo en el caso de que de alguna forma disminuyan la --capacidad de trabajo de la persona lesionada, teniendo en cuenta la profesión a que se dedica. Las lesiones producidas por la acción de agentes físicos y químicos serán 517 indemnizadas de acuerdo con las modalidades especiales de la 20 a 100% incapacidad.
Las cicatrices producidas por amplias quemaduras de los tegumentos serán indemnizadas tomando en cuenta la extensión y la profundidad de las zonas 518 cicatrizales, independientemente de las perturbaciones funcionales que --acarreen en los segmentos adyacentes. Tomándose como base para su valuación la regla de los nueves. En caso de haberse otorgado con anterioridad la valuación de una secuela 519 que involucre el mismo sitio anatómico, se otorgará únicamente la diferencia --del porcentaje de la nueva fracción que aplique. En caso de no encontrarse la fracción específica para la valuación de las secuelas que presenta la persona trabajadora, deberá hacerse uso del 520 --artículo 17 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo vigente y por similitud aplicar la fracción que más se asemeje.
Cánceres
Cáncer secundario a agentes físicos, químicos, o biológicos se valuará con base a los siguientes criterios:
para el cálculo de la incapacidad permanente parcial o total por motivo de los cánceres de origen laboral, el procedimiento para su obtención es realizando los pasos siguientes:
Paso I: Identificar el cáncer que padece la persona trabajadora de acuerdo con el diagnóstico y sobrevida establecida por el especialista oncólogo, y verificar con la Tabla XI a qué tipo de categorización corresponde el cáncer de origen laboral. Esto es, el cáncer menos agresivo corresponde al numeral 1 y el más agresivo al numeral 5, con base a la sobrevida que pueda presentar la persona trabajadora a cinco años de su diagnóstico.
Nota: En caso de que la neoplasia diagnosticada no se encuentre incluida en la Tabla XI, la agresividad se establecerá de acuerdo con la sobrevida determinada por el especialista oncólogo.
521 Paso 2: Después de identificar a qué categorización pertenece el cáncer de --origen laboral, establecer en qué categoría se ubica la persona trabajadora de acuerdo con la capacidad funcional en relación con el desempeño del puesto de trabajo, esto es, por ejemplo si tiene un cáncer de colon la categoría de la neoplasia se ubicaría en el numeral 3 de la Tabla XI y si se encuentra que la persona trabajadora tiene una valoración como restringida en sus capacidades funcionales, pero es capaz de realizar el trabajo de naturaleza media, se ubicaría en el numeral 1 de la Tabla XII.
Paso 3: Posteriormente, se buscaría en la Tabla XIII en la columna de categorización de las neoplasias de acuerdo con su agresividad según sobrevida a cinco años, el numeral al que pertenece el cáncer diagnosticado a la persona trabajadora, y se buscaría también en la columna de categorización funcional de las neoplasias y sus secuelas derivadas del tratamiento o generadas por el propio tumor en relación con el desempeño de su trabajo, el numeral en que se ubica el resultado de la valoración de la persona trabajadora y se hace un ajuste entre ambas columnas para encontrar el porcentaje que le corresponde.
En el ejemplo tenemos que según la Tabla XII, el cáncer de colon se ubica en el numeral 3, y de acuerdo con su valoración de la categorización funcional, se identifica que corresponde al numeral 1 de la Tabla XII, y haciendo la búsqueda de la intersección de ambos valores encontramos que el resultado sería de 70% de acuerdo con la Tabla XIII.
Tabla XI
Categorización de las neoplasias de acuerdo con su agresividad según sobrevida a cinco años Agresividad Sobrevida Tipo de Neoplasia 1 90-100 Cáncer de tiroides papilar y folicular, y cáncer de piel (labio). 2 61-89 Cáncer de piel (no melanoma), cáncer de hueso, cáncer de laringe, cáncer tiroides medular, y leucemia linfoide. 3 30-60 Cáncer de orofaringe, cáncer de colon, cáncer de vejiga urinaria, cáncer de senos paranasales, cáncer de escroto y melanoma, cáncer de tiroides indiferenciado, leucemia mieloide y leucemia monocítica aguda. 4 15-29 Mieloma múltiple, leucemia de células plasmáticas y leucemia mieloide aguda. 5 0-14 Cáncer broncopulmonar, cáncer de estómago, cáncer del tracto digestivo, cáncer del sistema nervioso central, mesotelioma pericárdico, mesotelioma peritoneal, mesotelioma pleural, tumor maligno de hígado y vías biliares intrahepáticas, angiosarcoma de hígado, cáncer del tracto digestivo (esófago) (tracto intestinal) y otras leucemias de tipo celular especificado.
Tabla XII
Categorías de capacidad funcional en relación con el desempeño del puesto de trabajo 0 Completamente activo, capaz de realizar toda actividad física, previa a la enfermedad. 1 Restringido en las capacidades funcionales, pero es capaz de realizar el trabajo de naturaleza media (actividades tales como empujar y jalar moderadamente, caminar a una velocidad moderada, levantar 5 kg 10 veces por minuto o 12 kg seis veces por minuto, por ejemplo: recolección de frutas y verduras (inclinado, en cuclillas), pintar con brocha, empujar o tirar de carros ligeros o carretillas, operar camiones, tractores o maquinaria de construcción en todo terreno, uso de martillo neumático, eliminar maleza y usar el azadón).
Si previo a la enfermedad sus actividades laborales correspondían a naturaleza media, se debe categorizar en la categoría 0, debido a que continua con la misma capacidad para realizar las actividades de naturaleza media. 2 Restringido en las capacidades funcionales pero es capaz de realizar el trabajo de naturaleza ligero (permanecer sentado, estar sentado haciendo trabajo manual ligero usando las manos y brazos, conducir un vehículo, estar de pie haciendo trabajo ligero con los brazos y caminando ocasionalmente, caminatas casuales sin exceder los 3 km por hora y levantar 5 kg menos de ocho veces por minuto 12 kg menos de cuatro veces por minuto, por ejemplo: participar en una reunión (sentado), leer instrucciones o llenar papeleo, ver un video de capacitación, uso de herramientas para mesa o pequeñas herramientas eléctricas, inspección y clasificación de productos, clasificación de materiales livianos, ensamblaje de piezas pequeñas, conducción de vehículo en carretera y clavar.
Si previo a la enfermedad sus actividades laborales correspondían a naturaleza ligera, se debe categorizar en la categoría 0, debido a que continua con la misma capacidad para realizar las actividades de naturaleza ligera. 3 Incapaz de realizar cualquier actividad laboral.
Tabla XIII
Determinación del porcentaje de incapacidad permanente parcial o total por motivo de cáncer laboral Categorización de las Categorías de capacidad funcional en relación con el desempeño del neoplasias de acuerdo con puesto de trabajo su agresividad según 0 1 2 3 sobrevida a cinco años 1 0% 30% 50% 100% 2 30% 40% 60% 100% 3 60% 70% 80% 100% 4 80% 90% 95% 100% 5 100% 100% 100% 100%
Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana
522 La infección por VIH se evaluará conforme a la Tabla XIV.
Tabla XIV
Valuación de infección por VIH Estadio Descripción Categoría Valuación clínica 1 Diagnóstico serológico de infección por VIH; A1, A2, B1 y 20% Sin discapacidad valuable, y B2 Requiere tratamiento. 2 Requiere tratamiento continuado; A3, B3 y C1 21-25% Presenta menos de tres episodios anuales de enfermedades relacionadas con su inmunodeficiencia, y Requiere atención médica hospitalaria durante al menos 24 horas cada uno o durante menos de 30 días al año. 3 Requiere tratamiento continuado; C2 y C3 26- 59% Presenta de tres a seis episodios anuales de enfermedades relacionadas con su inmunodeficiencia; Requiere atención médica hospitalaria durante al menos 24 horas cada uno o durante más de 30 días al año, y Puede realizar las actividades de la vida diaria, con disminución de la capacidad para realizar actividades laborales. 4 Requiere tratamiento continuado; C2 y C3 60 a 79% Presenta más de seis episodios anuales de enfermedades relacionadas con su inmunodeficiencia que precisan atención médica hospitalaria;
Requiere al menos 24 horas o durante más de 60 días al año, y Disminución de la capacidad para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria. 5 Cumple los criterios de la clase 4; C2 y C3 80 a 100% Imposibilidad para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria y de autocuidado, y Depende de otra persona.
Trastornos mentales
Los trastornos mentales se evaluarán conforme a la Tabla XV 523 (incluye síndrome cráneo-encefálico tardío postconmocional).
Tabla XV Valuación de trastornos mentales, trastornos afectivos (depresivo, de ansiedad o mixto), mentales orgánicos, de estrés postraumático, por lesión cerebral y trastornos del habla secundarios a accidentes y enfermedades de trabajo. Cuando la persona trabajadora presente: trastorno depresivo, de ansiedad, de estrés postraumático, por lesión cerebral (afasia, disartria, agnosias, apraxias, acalculias, alexias, agrafias, anomias, amnesias, síndromes atencionales, síndromes de contusión cerebral, síndrome cráneo-encefálico postconmocional, síndromes frontales, demencias) y trastornos del habla (disfemia, diglosias, bradilalia, taquilalia, taquifemia, farfulleo, tartajeo, alteraciones de la prosodia y alteraciones de la resonancia), requiriendo de tratamiento continuado permanente para mejorar o controlar la sintomatología. Los trastornos afectivos se valuarán al menos a 6 meses de haber iniciado el tratamiento correspondiente, los trastornos por lesión cerebral y trastornos del habla, se valuarán en cuanto se determine la secuela, de acuerdo con la siguiente Tabla: Categoría Características Valuación Clase I Controlado con tratamiento (asintomático); 10% Tratamiento farmacológico especializado permanente, y Con aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio. Clase II Con sintomatología leve especifica o derivada del manejo 11 a 25% terapéutico; Tratamiento farmacológico especializado permanente; Terapia médica y rehabilitadora especializada; Puede requerir atención médica complementaria de otras especialidades; Con crisis recurrentes ocasionales que pueden o no ameritar internamiento hospitalario; Con aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio, pero algunas las realiza con dificultad, y Sin afectación para realizar actividades de la vida diaria. Clase III Con sintomatología moderada especifica o derivada del 26 a 50% manejo terapéutico; Tratamiento farmacológico especializado permanente; Terapia médica, rehabilitatoria especializada; Puede requerir atención médica complementaria de otras especialidades; Con internamientos recurrentes mayores a una semana para manejo especializado;
Con aptitud limitada para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio, y Sin afectación para realizar actividades de la vida diaria. Clase IV Con sintomatología severa especifica o derivada del manejo 51 a 70% terapéutico; Tratamiento farmacológico especializado permanente; Terapia médica, rehabilitatoria especializada; Requiere atención médica complementaria de otras especialidades; Con internamientos recurrentes mayores a una semana para manejo especializado; Con aptitud limitada para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio, y Sin afectación para realizar actividades de la vida diaria. Clase V Con sintomatología severa especifica o derivada del manejo 71 a 90% terapéutico; Tratamiento farmacológico especializado permanente; Terapia médica, rehabilitatoria especializada; Requiere atención médica complementaria de otras especialidades; Con internamientos recurrentes mayores a una semana para manejo especializado; Sin aptitud para ejercer actividades de su profesión u oficio, y Con disminución para realizar actividades de la vida diaria, puede realizar las de autocuidado. Clase VI Ausencia de respuesta a los tratamientos instituidos; 100% Con internamientos recurrentes mayores a una semana para manejo especializado; Sin aptitud para ejercer actividades remuneradas semejantes a su profesión u oficio, de la vida diaria y de autocuidado, y Depende de otra persona.
Nota: El porcentaje de valuación lo determinará el criterio con la categoría más alta encontrada.
Trastornos de la sangre
Anemia, leucopenia, trombocitopenia por exposición a agentes físicos y 524 100% químicos, serán evaluados con el mismo procedimiento que para el cáncer.
The tables referred to in the preceding article, as well as the Catalog of Schedules for the Valuation of Occupational Diseases, shall be reviewed at least every five years from their publication or when there are studies and research that justify it.
For the purposes of the foregoing, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) must take into account the progress and advances of occupational medicine and be assisted by the technical and medical specialists required for that purpose.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 514
Las tablas a que se refiere el artículo anterior, así como el Catálogo de las Cédulas para la Valuación de las Enfermedades de Trabajo, serán revisadas al menos cada cinco años a partir de su publicación o cuando existan estudios e investigaciones que lo justifiquen.
Para efecto de lo anterior, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social debe considerar el progreso y los avances de la medicina del trabajo y auxiliarse de las personas técnicas y médicas especialistas que para ello se requiera.
Once the review referred to in Article 514 of this Law has been concluded, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall make available to the head of the Federal Executive the Table of Occupational Diseases and the Table for the Valuation of Permanent Disabilities Resulting from Occupational Risks, for consideration and, where applicable, the commencement of the corresponding legislative process.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 515
Una vez concluida la revisión a la que se refiere el artículo 514 de la presente Ley, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social pondrá a disposición de la persona titular del Ejecutivo Federal, la Tabla de Enfermedades de Trabajo y la Tabla para la Valuación de Incapacidades Permanentes Resultantes de los Riesgos de Trabajo, para su consideración y en su caso, inicio del proceso legislativo conducente.
TITULO DECIMO / Prescripción
Labor actions are subject to a statute of limitations of one year, counted from the day following the date on which the obligation becomes enforceable, with the exceptions set forth in the following articles.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 516
Las acciones de trabajo prescriben en un año, contado a partir del día siguiente a la fecha en que la obligación sea exigible, con las excepciones que se consignan en los artículos siguientes.
The following are subject to a statute of limitations of one month:
I. Actions of employers to dismiss workers, to discipline their misconduct and to make deductions from their wages; and
II. Actions of workers to leave their employment.
In the cases of section I, the statute of limitations runs, respectively, from the day following the date on which the cause of the separation or of the misconduct becomes known, from the moment the errors committed, or the losses or damage attributable to the worker, are proven, or from the date on which the debt becomes enforceable.
In the cases of section II, the statute of limitations runs from the date on which the cause of separation becomes known.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 517
Prescriben en un mes:
I. Las acciones de los patrones para despedir a los trabajadores, para disciplinar sus faltas y para efectuar descuentos en sus salarios; y
II. Las acciones de los trabajadores para separarse del trabajo.
En los casos de la fracción I, la prescripción corre a partir, respectivamente, del día siguiente a la fecha en que se tenga conocimiento de la causa de la separación o de la falta, desde el momento en que se comprueben los errores cometidos, o las pérdidas o averías imputables al trabajador, o desde la fecha en que la deuda sea exigible.
En los casos de la fracción II, la prescripción corre a partir de la fecha en que se tenga conocimiento de la causa de separación.
Actions of workers who are separated from their employment are subject to a statute of limitations of two months.
The statute of limitations runs from the day following the date of separation.
This term shall be suspended as of the date on which the request for conciliation referred to in Article 684-B of this Law is filed, and shall resume on the day following the date on which any of the circumstances provided for in Article 521, section III of this Law occurs.
With regard to the exercise of the judicial actions referred to in the first paragraph, the provisions of section III of Article 521 of this statute shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 518
Prescriben en dos meses las acciones de los trabajadores que sean separados del trabajo.
La prescripción corre a partir del día siguiente a la fecha de la separación.
Este término se suspenderá a partir de la fecha de presentación de la solicitud de conciliación a que se refiere el artículo 684-B de esta Ley, y se reanudará al día siguiente en que se actualice cualquiera de las hipótesis previstas en el artículo 521, fracción III de esta Ley.
En lo que se refiere al ejercicio de las acciones jurisdiccionales a que se refiere el primer párrafo, se estará a lo previsto en la fracción III del artículo 521 del presente ordenamiento.
The following are subject to a statute of limitations of two years:
I. Actions of workers to claim payment of indemnities for occupational risk;
II. Actions of beneficiaries in cases of death resulting from occupational risks; and
III. Actions to request enforcement of the judgment of the Court and of the settlement agreements entered into before it.
The statute of limitations runs, respectively, from the moment the degree of disability for work is determined; from the date of the worker's death, and from the day following the day on which notice of the judgment was served or the settlement agreement was approved. When the judgment imposes the obligation to reinstate, the employer may request the Court to set a term of no more than thirty days for the worker to return to work, warning the worker that if he or she fails to do so, the employer may terminate the employment relationship.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 519
Prescriben en dos años:
I. Las acciones de los trabajadores para reclamar el pago de indemnizaciones por riesgo de trabajo;
II. Las acciones de los beneficiarios en los casos de muerte por riesgos de trabajo; y
III. Las acciones para solicitar la ejecución de la sentencia del Tribunal y de los convenios celebrados ante éste.
La prescripción corre, respectivamente, desde el momento en que se determine el grado de la incapacidad para el trabajo; desde la fecha de la muerte del trabajador, y desde el día siguiente al en que hubiese quedado notificado la sentencia o aprobado el convenio. Cuando la sentencia imponga la obligación de reinstalar, el patrón podrá solicitar al Tribunal que fije al trabajador un término no mayor de treinta días para que regrese al trabajo, apercibiéndolo que de no hacerlo, podrá el patrón dar por terminada la relación de trabajo.
The statute of limitations may not begin or run:
I. Against the mentally incapacitated, except once their guardianship has been conferred in accordance with the law; and
II. Against workers incorporated into military service in time of war.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 520
La prescripción no puede comenzar ni correr:
I. Contra los incapaces mentales, sino cuando se haya discernido su tutela conforme a la ley; y
II. Contra los trabajadores incorporados al servicio militar en tiempo de guerra.
The statute of limitations is interrupted:
I. By the mere filing of the complaint or of any submission before the Court, regardless of the date of service of notice. If the filer failed to exhaust the conciliation procedure without being exempted from doing so, the Court, without ruling on its jurisdiction over the matter, shall refer it to the competent Conciliation Authority so that it may commence the conciliation procedure established in Title Thirteen Bis of this Law. The fact that the Court lacks jurisdiction is no obstacle to the interruption;
II. If the person in whose favor the statute of limitations runs acknowledges the right of the person against whom it runs, orally, in writing or by unequivocal acts.
III. By the filing of the request for conciliation referred to in Article 684-B of this Law. The interruption of the statute of limitations shall cease as of the day following the day on which the Conciliation Center issues the certificate of non-conciliation or, where applicable, the closing of the case file for lack of interest of the party is ordered. The fact that the Conciliation Authority before which the request was filed lacks jurisdiction is no obstacle to the interruption.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 521
La prescripción se interrumpe:
I. Por la sola presentación de la demanda o de cualquiera promoción ante el Tribunal, independientemente de la fecha de la notificación. Si quien promueve omitió agotar el procedimiento de conciliación no estando eximido de hacerlo, el Tribunal sin fijar competencia sobre el asunto lo remitirá a la Autoridad Conciliadora competente para que inicie el procedimiento de conciliación establecido en el Título Trece Bis de esta Ley. No es obstáculo para la interrupción que el Tribunal sea incompetente;
II. Si la persona a cuyo favor corre la prescripción reconoce el derecho de aquella contra quien prescribe, de palabra, por escrito o por hechos indudables.
III. Por la presentación de la solicitud de conciliación a que se refiere el artículo 684-B de esta Ley. La interrupción de la prescripción cesará a partir del día siguiente en que el Centro de Conciliación expida la constancia de no conciliación o en su caso, se determine el archivo del expediente por falta de interés de parte. No es obstáculo para la interrupción que la Autoridad Conciliadora ante la que se promovió sea incompetente.
For the purposes of the statute of limitations, months shall be governed by the number of days corresponding to them. The first day shall be counted as complete, even if it is not, but the last day must be complete, and when it is a holiday, the limitation period shall not be deemed complete until the next following business day has elapsed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 522
Para los efectos de la prescripción, los meses se regularán por el número de días que les corresponda. El primer día se contará completo, aún cuando no lo sea, pero el último debe ser completo y cuando sea feriado, no se tendrá por completa la prescripción sino cumplido el primero útil siguiente.
TITULO ONCE / Autoridades del Trabajo y Servicios Sociales / CAPITULO I / Disposiciones generales
The application of labor standards is the responsibility, within their respective jurisdictions:
I. Of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS);
II. Of the Ministries of Finance and Public Credit and of Public Education;
II Bis. Of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL);
II Ter. Of the Conciliation Centers in local matters;
III. Of the authorities of the states (federal entities), and their Labor Directorates or Departments;
IV. Of the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney;
V. Of the National Employment Service;
VI. Of the Labor Inspectorate;
VII. Of the National Minimum Wage Commission;
VIII. Of the National Commission for Employee Profit Sharing in Enterprises;
IX. (Repealed.);
X. Of the Courts of the Federal Judiciary, and
XI. Of the Courts of the states.
XII. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 523
La aplicación de las normas de trabajo compete, en sus respectivas jurisdicciones:
I. A la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
II. A las Secretarías de Hacienda y Crédito Público y de Educación Pública;
II Bis. Al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral;
II Ter. A los Centros de Conciliación en materia local;
III. A las autoridades de las Entidades Federativas, y a sus Direcciones o Departamentos de Trabajo;
IV. A la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo;
V. Al Servicio Nacional de Empleo;
VI. A la Inspección del Trabajo;
VII. A la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos;
VIII. A la Comisión Nacional para la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas;
IX. Se deroga;
X. A los Tribunales del Poder Judicial de la Federación, y
XI. A los Tribunales de las Entidades Federativas.
XII. Se deroga.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) and the Labor Departments and Directorates shall have the powers assigned to them by their organic laws and by labor standards.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 524
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y los Departamentos y Direcciones del Trabajo tendrán las atribuciones que les asignen sus leyes orgánicas y las normas de trabajo.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 525
(Se deroga).
The Federal Judiciary and the local judiciaries shall establish, subject to the applicable budgetary provisions, a judicial career service for the admission, promotion, tenure, performance evaluation, separation and retirement of their public servants.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 525 Bis
El Poder Judicial de la Federación y los poderes judiciales locales establecerán, con sujeción a las disposiciones presupuestales aplicables, un servicio de carrera judicial para el ingreso, promoción, permanencia, evaluación de desempeño, separación y retiro de sus servidores públicos.
The Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) is responsible for the intervention indicated to it in Title Three, Chapter VIII, and the Ministry of Public Education is responsible for overseeing compliance with the obligations that this Law imposes on employers in educational matters and for intervening in coordination with the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) in the training and instruction of workers, in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of this Title.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 526
Compete a la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, la intervención que le señala el Título Tercero, Capítulo VIII, y a la Secretaría de Educación Pública, la vigilancia del cumplimiento de las obligaciones que esta Ley impone a los patrones en materia educativa e intervenir coordinadamente con la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, en la capacitación y adiestramiento de los trabajadores, de acuerdo con lo dispuesto en el Capítulo IV de este Título.
CAPITULO II / Competencia constitucional de las autoridades del trabajo
The application of labor standards corresponds to the federal authorities in the case of:
I. Industrial and service branches:
1. Textile;
2. Electrical;
3. Film;
4. Rubber;
5. Sugar;
6. Mining;
7. Metallurgical and iron and steel, covering the extraction of basic minerals, their beneficiation and smelting, as well as the production of metallic iron and steel in all their forms and alloys and the rolled products thereof;
8. Hydrocarbons;
9. Petrochemical;
10. Cement;
11. Lime;
12. Automotive, including mechanical or electrical auto parts;
13. Chemical, including pharmaceutical chemistry and medicines;
14. Pulp and paper;
15. Vegetable oils and fats;
16. Food production, covering exclusively the manufacture of foods that are packed, canned or bottled or intended for that purpose;
17. Manufacture of beverages that are bottled or canned or intended for that purpose;
18. Railway;
19. Basic lumber, comprising sawmill production and the manufacture of plywood or wood agglomerates;
20. Glass, exclusively with respect to the manufacture of flat, smooth or worked glass or of glass containers;
21. Tobacco, comprising the processing or manufacture of tobacco products; and
22. Banking and credit services.
II. Companies:
1. Those that are administered directly or in a decentralized manner by the Federal Government;
2. Those that operate by virtue of a federal contract or concession and the industries connected with them. For the purposes of this provision, companies that operate under a federal concession are deemed to be those whose purpose is the administration and exploitation of public services or property of the State on a regular and continuous basis, for the satisfaction of the collective interest, through any administrative act issued by the federal government, and
3. Those that carry out work in federal zones or that are under federal jurisdiction, in territorial waters or in those comprised in the exclusive economic zone of the Nation.
The federal authorities shall also be responsible for matters relating to compliance with employer obligations regarding the training and instruction of their workers and safety and hygiene in workplaces.
The Registration Authority shall hear only the acts and procedures relating to the registration of all collective bargaining agreements, internal work regulations and labor unions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 527
La aplicación de las normas de trabajo corresponde a las autoridades federales, cuando se trate de:
I. Ramas industriales y de servicios:
1. Textil;
2. Eléctrica;
3. Cinematográfica;
4. Hulera;
5. Azucarera;
6. Minera;
7. Metalúrgica y siderúrgica, abarcando la explotación de los minerales básicos, el beneficio y la fundición de los mismos, así como la obtención de hierro metálico y acero a todas sus formas y ligas y los productos laminados de los mismos;
8. De hidrocarburos;
9. Petroquímica;
10. Cementera;
11. Calera;
12. Automotriz, incluyendo autopartes mecánicas o eléctricas;
13. Química, incluyendo la química farmacéutica y medicamentos;
14. De celulosa y papel;
15. De aceites y grasas vegetales;
16. Productora de alimentos, abarcando exclusivamente la fabricación de los que sean empacados, enlatados o envasados o que se destinen a ello;
17. Elaboradora de bebidas que sean envasadas o enlatadas o que se destinen a ello;
18. Ferrocarrilera;
19. Maderera básica que comprende la producción de aserradero y la fabricación de triplay o aglutinados de madera;
20. Vidriera, exclusivamente por lo que toca a la fabricación de vidrio plano, liso o labrado o de envases de vidrio;
21. Tabacalera, que comprende el beneficio o fabricación de productos de tabaco; y
22. Servicios de banca y crédito.
II. Empresas:
1. Aquéllas que sean administradas en forma directa o descentralizada por el Gobierno Federal;
2. Aquellas que actúen en virtud de un contrato, o concesión federal y las industrias que les sean conexas. Para los efectos de esta disposición, se considera que actúan bajo concesión federal aquellas empresas que tengan por objeto la administración y explotación de servicios públicos o bienes del Estado en forma regular y continua, para la satisfacción del interés colectivo, a través de cualquier acto administrativo emitido por el gobierno federal, y
3. Aquéllas que ejecuten trabajos en zonas federales o que se encuentren bajo jurisdicción federal, en las aguas territoriales o en las comprendidas en la zona económica exclusiva de la Nación.
También corresponderá a las autoridades federales lo relativo al cumplimiento de las obligaciones patronales en las materias de capacitación y adiestramiento de sus trabajadores y de seguridad e higiene en los centros de trabajo.
Corresponderá a la Autoridad Registral conocer únicamente los actos y procedimientos relativos al registro de todos los contratos colectivos, reglamentos interiores de trabajo y de los sindicatos.
In applying the labor standards concerning the training and instruction of workers and those relating to safety and hygiene at work, the federal authorities shall be assisted by the local authorities, in the case of companies or establishments that, in the other aspects arising from employment relationships, are subject to the jurisdiction of the latter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 527-A
En la aplicación de las normas de trabajo referentes a la capacitación y adiestramiento de los trabajadores y las relativas a seguridad e higiene en el trabajo, las autoridades de la Federación serán auxiliadas por las locales, tratándose de empresas o establecimientos que, en los demás aspectos derivados de las relaciones laborales, estén sujetos a la jurisdicción de estas últimas.
For the purposes of item 2 of section II of Article 527, connected companies are those permanently and directly related for the manufacture of specific products or for the unified provision of services.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 528
Para los efectos del punto 2 de la fracción II del artículo 527, son empresas conexas las relacionadas permanente y directamente para la elaboración de productos determinados o para la prestación unitaria de servicios.
In cases not provided for in Articles 527 and 528, the application of labor standards corresponds to the authorities of the states (federal entities).
In accordance with the provisions of Article 527-A, the authorities of the states shall:
I. Make available to the Agencies of the Federal Executive competent to apply this Law the information they request in order to be able to perform their functions;
II. Participate in the formation and operation of the respective State Advisory Council of the National Employment Service;
III. Participate in the formation and operation of the corresponding State Advisory Commission on Occupational Safety and Health;
IV. Report to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) the violations committed by employers in matters of safety and hygiene and of training and instruction, and intervene in the enforcement of the measures adopted to sanction such violations and to correct the irregularities in companies or establishments subject to local jurisdiction;
V. Cooperate with the corresponding National Productivity and Training Committees;
VI. Assist in carrying out the formalities relating to certificates of labor skills; and,
VII. Upon a general determination or specific request of the federal authorities, adopt such other measures as may be necessary to assist them in the aspects concerning such determination or request.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 529
En los casos no previstos por los artículos 527 y 528, la aplicación de las normas de trabajo corresponde a las autoridades de las Entidades Federativas.
De conformidad con lo dispuesto por el artículo 527-A, las autoridades de las Entidades Federativas deberán:
I. Poner a disposición de las Dependencias del Ejecutivo Federal competentes para aplicar esta Ley, la información que éstas les soliciten para estar en aptitud de cumplir sus funciones;
II. Participar en la integración y funcionamiento del respectivo Consejo Consultivo Estatal del Servicio Nacional de Empleo;
III. Participar en la integración y funcionamiento de la correspondiente Comisión Consultiva Estatal de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo;
IV. Reportar a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social las violaciones que cometan los patrones en materia de seguridad e higiene y de capacitación y adiestramiento e intervenir en la ejecución de las medidas que se adopten para sancionar tales violaciones y para corregir las irregularidades en las empresas o establecimientos sujetos a jurisdicción local;
V. Coadyuvar con los correspondientes Comités Nacionales de Productividad y Capacitación;
VI. Auxiliar en la realización de los trámites relativos a constancias de habilidades laborales; y,
VII. Previa determinación general o solicitud específica de las autoridades federales, adoptar aquellas otras medidas que resulten necesarias para auxiliarlas en los aspectos concernientes a tal determinación o solicitud.
CAPITULO III / Procuraduría de la defensa del trabajo
The Office of the Labor Defense Attorney has the following functions:
I. To represent or advise workers and their labor unions, whenever they so request, before any authority, in matters relating to the application of labor standards;
II. To file the applicable ordinary and extraordinary appeals for the defense of the worker or labor union; and
III. To propose amicable solutions to the interested parties for the settlement of their disputes and to record the results in authorized minutes.
IV. To assist the Conciliation Centers in providing information and guidance to workers who come to those bodies, and
V. To assist persons who so request in conciliation hearings.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 530
La procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo tiene las funciones siguientes:
I. Representar o asesorar a los trabajadores y a sus sindicatos, siempre que lo soliciten, ante cualquier autoridad, en las cuestiones que se relacionen con la aplicación de las normas de trabajo;
II. Interponer los recursos ordinarios y extraordinarios procedentes, para la defensa del trabajador o sindicato; y
III. Proponer a las partes interesadas soluciones amistosas para el arreglo de sus conflictos y hacer constar los resultados en actas autorizadas.
IV. Auxiliar a los Centros de Conciliación, en otorgar información y orientación a los trabajadores que acudan a dichas instancias, y
V. Auxiliar en las audiencias de conciliación a las personas que lo soliciten.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 530 Bis
Se deroga.
The Office of the Labor Defense Attorney shall be composed of an Attorney General and the number of Assistant Attorneys deemed necessary for the defense of the interests of workers. Appointments shall be made by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, by the Governors of the States or by the Head of Government of Mexico City.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 531
La Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo se integrará con un Procurador General y con el número de Procuradores Auxiliares que se juzgue necesario para la defensa de los intereses de los trabajadores. Los nombramientos se harán por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, por los Gobernadores de los Estados o por el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México.
The Attorney General must meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican, of legal age and in full exercise of his or her rights;
II. Hold a legally issued law degree and have no less than three years of professional practice;
III. Have distinguished himself or herself in studies of labor law and social security;
IV. Not be a minister of religion; and
V. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 532
El Procurador General deberá satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicano, mayor de edad y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Tener título legalmente expedido de licenciado en derecho y una práctica profesional no menor de tres años;
III. Haberse distinguido en estudios de derecho del trabajo y de la seguridad social;
IV. No ser ministro de culto; y
V. No haber sido condenado por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The Assistant Attorneys must meet the requirements set forth in sections I, IV and V of the preceding article, hold a lawyer's or law degree and have obtained the license to practice the profession.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 533
Los Procuradores Auxiliares deberán satisfacer los requisitos señalados en las fracciones I, IV y V del artículo anterior y tener título de abogado o licenciado en derecho y haber obtenido la patente para ejercer la profesión.
The legal personnel of the Office of the Attorney are barred from acting as attorney-in-fact, advisor or counsel in private labor matters for as long as they are public servants in its service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 533 Bis
El personal jurídico de la Procuraduría está impedido para actuar como apoderado, asesor o abogado patrono en asuntos particulares en materia de trabajo, en tanto sean servidores públicos al servicio de ésta.
The services provided by the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney shall be free of charge.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 534
Los servicios que preste la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo serán gratuitos.
Authorities are required to provide the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney with the data and reports it requests for the better performance of its functions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 535
Las Autoridades están obligadas a proporcionar a la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo, los datos e informes que solicite para el mejor desempeño de sus funciones.
The regulations shall determine the powers, the manner of their exercise and the duties of the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 536
Los reglamentos determinarán las atribuciones, la forma de su ejercicio y los deberes de la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo.
Capítulo IV / Del Servicio Nacional de Empleo
The National Employment Service shall have the following objectives:
I. To study and promote the operation of public policies that support job creation;
II. To promote and design mechanisms for monitoring the placement of workers;
III. To organize, promote and supervise policies, strategies and programs aimed at the training and instruction of workers;
IV. To register certificates of labor skills;
V. To link labor and professional training with the demand of the productive sector;
VI. To design, conduct and evaluate specific programs to generate employment opportunities for young people and groups in vulnerable situations; and
VII. To coordinate with the competent authorities the system for the standardization and certification of labor competence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 537
El Servicio Nacional de Empleo tendrá los siguientes objetivos:
I. Estudiar y promover la operación de políticas públicas que apoyen la generación de empleos;
II. Promover y diseñar mecanismos para el seguimiento a la colocación de los trabajadores;
III. Organizar, promover y supervisar políticas, estrategias y programas dirigidos a la capacitación y el adiestramiento de los trabajadores;
IV. Registrar las constancias de habilidades laborales;
V. Vincular la formación laboral y profesional con la demanda del sector productivo;
VI. Diseñar, conducir y evaluar programas específicos para generar oportunidades de empleo para jóvenes y grupos en situación vulnerable; y
VII. Coordinar con las autoridades competentes el régimen de normalización y certificación de competencia laboral.
The National Employment Service shall be under the charge of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), through its administrative units that are responsible for the corresponding functions, under its Internal Regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 538
El Servicio Nacional de Empleo estará a cargo de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, por conducto de las unidades administrativas de la misma, a las que competan las funciones correspondientes, en los términos de su Reglamento Interior.
In accordance with the provisions of the preceding article and for the purposes of Article 537, the following activities correspond to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS):
I. With respect to employment promotion:
a) To conduct studies to determine the causes of unemployment and underemployment of the rural and urban labor force;
b) To analyze the labor market on a permanent basis, through the generation and processing of information that tracks the dynamics of employment, unemployment and underemployment in the country;
c) To formulate and permanently update the National Occupations System, in coordination with the Ministry of Public Education and other competent authorities;
d) To promote coordination among the labor market actors in order to improve employment opportunities;
e) To prepare reports and formulate programs to boost employment in the country, as well as to seek their implementation;
f) To steer vocational training toward the areas with the greatest demand for labor;
g) To propose the execution of agreements on employment matters between the Federation and the states (federal entities); and,
h) In general, to carry out all those activities that the Laws and regulations entrust to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare in this matter.
II. With respect to the placement of workers:
a) To guide job seekers toward the vacancies offered by employers based on their training and aptitudes;
b) To authorize and register, where applicable, the operation of private agencies engaged in the placement of persons;
c) To oversee that the private entities referred to in the preceding subsection comply with the obligations imposed on them by this law, its regulations and the administrative provisions of the labor authorities;
d) To intervene, in coordination with the Ministries of the Interior, Economy and Foreign Affairs, within the scope of their respective powers, in the hiring of nationals who are to provide their services abroad;
e) To propose the execution of agreements on the placement of workers between the Federation and the states; and,
f) In general, to carry out all those activities that the Laws and regulations entrust to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare in this matter.
III. With respect to the training or instruction of workers:
a) (Repealed.)
b) To issue Calls for the formation of National Training, Instruction and Productivity Committees in the industrial branches or activities in which it deems it advisable, as well as to set the bases relating to the formation and operation of such committees;
c) To study and, where applicable, suggest, in relation to each industrial branch or activity, the issuance of suitable general criteria for training and instruction plans and programs, after hearing the opinion of the corresponding National Training, Instruction and Productivity Committee;
d) To authorize and register, under Article 153-C, the specialized institutions, schools or bodies, as well as the independent instructors who wish to provide education, training or instruction to workers; to supervise their proper performance; and, where applicable, to revoke the authorization and cancel the registration granted;
e) (Repealed.)
f) To study and suggest the establishment of general systems that make it possible to train or instruct workers, in accordance with the conventional adhesion procedure referred to in Article 153-B;
g) To issue opinions on the sanctions to be imposed for violations of the standards contained in Chapter III Bis of Title Four;
h) To establish coordination with the Ministry of Public Education to suggest, promote and organize plans or programs on training and instruction for work and, where applicable, for the issuance of certificates, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the education statutes and other provisions in force; and
i) In general, to carry out all those activities that the laws and regulations entrust to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare in this matter.
lV. With respect to the registration of certificates of labor skills:
a) To establish registries of certificates relating to trained or instructed workers, within each of the industrial branches or activities; and
b) In general, to carry out all those activities that the laws and regulations confer on the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare in this matter.
V. With respect to linking labor and professional training with the strategic demand of the productive sector, to propose and implement mechanisms to link vocational training with those areas that are priorities for regional and national development, as well as with those that show higher rates of demand.
VI. With respect to the standardization and certification of labor competence, jointly with the Ministry of Public Education and other competent federal authorities:
a) To determine the general guidelines applicable throughout the Republic for the definition of the knowledge, abilities or skills that may be certified, as well as the corresponding evaluation procedures. In setting such guidelines, procedures shall be established that make it possible to take into account the needs, proposals and opinions of the various productive sectors; and
b) To establish a certification system, applicable throughout the Republic, under which it is possible to accredit the intermediate or terminal knowledge, abilities or skills, on a partial and cumulative basis, that an individual requires to perform a productive activity, regardless of the manner in which they were acquired.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539
De conformidad con lo que dispone el artículo que antecede y para los efectos del 537, a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social corresponden las siguientes actividades:
I. En materia de promoción de empleos:
a) Practicar estudios para determinar las causas del desempleo y del subempleo de la mano de obra rural y urbana;
b) Analizar permanentemente el mercado de trabajo, a través de la generación y procesamiento de información que dé seguimiento a la dinámica del empleo, desempleo y subempleo en el país;
c) Formular y actualizar permanentemente el Sistema Nacional de Ocupaciones, en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública y demás autoridades competentes;
d) Promover la articulación entre los actores del mercado de trabajo para mejorar las oportunidades de empleo;
e) Elaborar informes y formular programas para impulsar la ocupación en el país, así como procurar su ejecución;
f) Orientar la formación profesional hacia las áreas con mayor demanda de mano de obra;
g) Proponer la celebración de convenios en materia de empleo, entre la Federación y las Entidades Federativas; y,
h) En general, realizar todas las que las Leyes y reglamentos encomienden a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en esta materia.
II. En materia de colocación de trabajadores:
a) Orientar a los buscadores de empleo hacia las vacantes ofertadas por los empleadores con base a su formación y aptitudes;
b) Autorizar y registrar, en su caso, el funcionamiento de agencias privadas que se dediquen a la colocación de personas;
c) Vigilar que las entidades privadas a que alude el inciso anterior, cumplan las obligaciones que les impongan esta ley, sus reglamentos y las disposiciones administrativas de las autoridades laborales;
d) Intervenir, en coordinación con las Secretarías de Gobernación, Economía y Relaciones Exteriores, dentro del ámbito de sus respectivas competencias, en la contratación de los nacionales que vayan a prestar sus servicios al extranjero;
e) Proponer la celebración de convenios en materia de colocación de trabajadores, entre la Federación y las Entidades Federativas; y,
f) En general, realizar todas las que las Leyes y reglamentos encomienden a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en esta materia.
III. En materia de capacitación o adiestramiento de trabajadores:
a) (Se deroga).
b) Emitir Convocatorias para formar Comités Nacionales de Capacitación, Adiestramiento y Productividad en las ramas industriales o actividades en que lo juzgue conveniente, así como fijar las bases relativas a la integración y el funcionamiento de dichos comités;
c) Estudiar y, en su caso, sugerir, en relación con cada rama industrial o actividad, la expedición de criterios generales idóneos para los planes y programas de capacitación y adiestramiento, oyendo la opinión del Comité Nacional de Capacitación, Adiestramiento y Productividad que corresponda;
d) Autorizar y registrar, en los términos del artículo 153-C, a las instituciones, escuelas u organismos especializados, así como a los instructores independientes que deseen impartir formación, capacitación o adiestramiento a los trabajadores; supervisar su correcto desempeño; y, en su caso, revocar la autorización y cancelar el registro concedido;
e) (Se deroga).
f) Estudiar y sugerir el establecimiento de sistemas generales que permitan, capacitar o adiestrar a los trabajadores, conforme al procedimiento de adhesión, convencional a que se refiere el artículo 153-B;
g) Dictaminar sobre las sanciones que deban imponerse por infracciones a las normas contenidas en el Capítulo III Bis del Título Cuarto;
h) Establecer coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública para sugerir, promover y organizar planes o programas sobre capacitación y adiestramiento para el trabajo y, en su caso, para la expedición de certificados, conforme a lo dispuesto en esta Ley, en los ordenamientos educativos y demás disposiciones en vigor; e
i) En general, realizar todas aquéllas que las leyes y reglamentos encomienden a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en esta materia.
lV. En materia de registro de constancias de habilidades laborales:
a) Establecer registros de constancias relativas a trabajadores capacitados o adiestrados, dentro de cada una de las ramas industriales o actividades; y
b) En general, realizar todas aquéllas que las leyes y reglamentos confieran a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social en esta materia.
V. En materia de vinculación de la formación laboral y profesional con la demanda estratégica del sector productivo, proponer e instrumentar mecanismos para vincular la formación profesional con aquellas áreas prioritarias para el desarrollo regional y nacional, así como con aquellas que presenten índices superiores de demanda.
VI. En materia de normalización y certificación de competencia laboral, conjuntamente con la Secretaría de Educación Pública y demás autoridades federales competentes:
a) Determinar los lineamientos generales aplicables en toda la República para la definición de aquellos conocimientos, habilidades o destrezas susceptibles de certificación, así como de los procedimientos de evaluación correspondientes. Para la fijación de dichos lineamientos, se establecerán procedimientos que permitan considerar las necesidades, propuestas y opiniones de los diversos sectores productivos; y
b) Establecer un régimen de certificación, aplicable a toda la República, conforme al cual sea posible acreditar conocimientos, habilidades o destrezas, intermedios o terminales, de manera parcial y acumulativa, que requiere un individuo para la ejecución de una actividad productiva, independientemente de la forma en que hayan sido adquiridos.
For the performance of its functions, in relation to companies or establishments belonging to industrial branches or activities under federal jurisdiction, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall be advised by an Advisory Council of the National Employment Service, composed of representatives of the public sector, of the national workers' organizations and of the national employers' organizations, at the rate of five members for each of them, with their respective alternates.
On behalf of the Public Sector, one representative each of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare; the Ministry of Public Education; the Ministry of Economy (SE), the Ministry of Energy, and the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) shall participate.
The representatives of the workers' and employers' organizations shall be appointed in accordance with the bases issued by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare.
The Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare may invite five persons who, by reason of their background and experience, can make contributions in the matter to participate in the Advisory Council of the National Employment Service, with the right to speak but without the right to vote.
The Advisory Council shall be chaired by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, the official determined by the head of the Ministry shall act as its secretary, and its operation shall be governed by the regulations issued by the Council itself.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-A
Para el cumplimiento de sus funciones, en relación con las empresas o establecimientos que pertenezcan a ramas industriales o actividades de jurisdicción federal, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social será asesorada por un Consejo Consultivo del Servicio Nacional de Empleo, integrado por representantes del sector público, de las organizaciones nacionales de trabajadores y de las organizaciones nacionales de patrones, a razón de cinco miembros por cada uno de ellos, con sus respectivos suplentes.
Por el Sector Público participarán sendos representantes de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social; de la Secretaría de Educación Pública; de la Secretaría de Economía, de la Secretaría de Energía, y del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Los representantes de las organizaciones obreras y de los patrones serán designados conforme a las bases que expida la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
El Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social podrá invitar a participar en el Consejo Consultivo del Servicio Nacional de Empleo, con derecho a voz pero sin voto, a cinco personas que por su trayectoria y experiencia puedan hacer aportaciones en la materia.
El Consejo Consultivo será presidido por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, fungirá como secretario del mismo el funcionario que determine el titular de la propia Secretaría y su funcionamiento se regirá por el reglamento que expida el propio Consejo.
In the case of companies or establishments subject to local jurisdiction and for the performance of the activities referred to in sections III and IV of Article 539, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall be advised by State and Mexico City Advisory Councils of the National Employment Service.
The State and Mexico City Advisory Councils of the National Employment Service shall be composed of the Governor of the corresponding state (federal entity) or the Head of Government of Mexico City, who shall chair them; one representative each of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, the Ministry of Public Education and the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS); three representatives of the local workers' organizations and three representatives of the employers' organizations of the state. The representative of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare shall act as Secretary of the Council.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare and the Governor of the corresponding state or the Head of Government of Mexico City shall jointly issue the bases under which the representatives of the workers and the employers on the aforementioned Advisory Councils are to be appointed and shall, for that purpose, extend the necessary invitations.
The Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare and the Governor of the state or the Head of Government of Mexico City may invite three persons who, by reason of their background and experience, can make contributions in the matter to participate in the State and Mexico City Advisory Councils of the National Employment Service, respectively, with the right to speak but without the right to vote.
The Advisory Councils shall be subject, with respect to their internal operation, to the regulations that each of them issues for that purpose.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-B
Cuando se trate de empresas o establecimientos sujetos a jurisdicción local y para la realización de las actividades a que se contraen las fracciones III y IV del artículo 539, la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social será asesorada por Consejos Consultivos Estatales y de la Ciudad de México del Servicio Nacional de Empleo.
Los Consejos Consultivos Estatales y de la Ciudad de México del Servicio Nacional de Empleo estarán formados por el Gobernador de la Entidad Federativa correspondiente o por el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, quien los presidirá; sendos representantes de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, de la Secretaría de Educación Pública y del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; tres representantes de las organizaciones locales de trabajadores y tres representantes de las organizaciones patronales de la Entidad. El representante de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social fungirá como Secretario del Consejo.
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y el Gobernador de la Entidad Federativa que corresponda o el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México expedirán, conjuntamente, las bases conforme a las cuales deban designarse los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones en los Consejos Consultivos mencionados y formularán, al efecto, las invitaciones que se requieran.
El Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social y el Gobernador de la Entidad Federativa o el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, podrán invitar a participar en los Consejos Consultivos Estatales y de la Ciudad de México del Servicio Nacional de Empleo, respectivamente, a tres personas con derecho a voz, pero sin voto, que por su trayectoria y experiencia puedan hacer aportaciones en la materia.
Los Consejos Consultivos se sujetarán en lo que se refiere a su funcionamiento interno, al reglamento que al efecto expida cada uno de ellos.
The state labor authorities shall assist the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) in the performance of its functions, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 527-A and 529.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-C
Las autoridades laborales estatales auxiliarán a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, para el desempeño de sus funciones, de acuerdo a lo que establecen los artículos 527-A y 529.
The service for the placement of workers shall invariably be free of charge for them and shall be provided, according to the regime for the application of this Law, by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) or by the competent bodies of the states (federal entities), in accordance with the provisions of section II of Article 539, in both cases.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-D
El servicio para la colocación de los trabajadores será invariablemente gratuito para ellos y será proporcionado, según el régimen de aplicación de esta Ley, por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social o por los órganos competentes de las Entidades Federativas, de conformidad con lo establecido por la fracción II del artículo 539, en ambos casos.
Other government agencies, educational institutions, labor union or employer organizations, charitable institutions and other civil associations that do not pursue profit-making purposes may participate in the provision of the service referred to in the preceding article. In these cases, they shall inform the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) thereof for registration and control purposes and so that it is in a position to coordinate actions in this matter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-E
Podrán participar en la prestación del servicio a que se refiere el artículo anterior, otras dependencias oficiales, instituciones docentes, organizaciones sindicales o patronales, instituciones de beneficencia y demás asociaciones civiles que no persigan fines de lucro. En estos casos, lo harán del conocimiento de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social para fines de registro y control y para que esté en posibilidad de coordinar las acciones en esta materia.
Authorizations for the operation of for-profit placement agencies may be granted only exceptionally, for the hiring of workers who are to perform special work.
Such authorizations shall be granted upon request of the interested party, when in the opinion of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) the provision of the service by private parties is justified and once the requirements established for that purpose are met. In these cases, in accordance with the provisions of Article 539-D, the service must be free of charge for workers and the fees under which it is provided must be previously set by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 539-F
Las autorizaciones para el funcionamiento de agencias de colocaciones, con fines lucrativos, sólo podrán otorgarse excepcionalmente, para la contratación de trabajadores que deban realizar trabajos especiales.
Dichas autorizaciones se otorgarán previa solicitud del interesado, cuando a juicio de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social se justifique la prestación del servicio por particulares y una vez que se satisfagan los requisitos que al efecto se señalen. En estos casos, de acuerdo con lo establecido en el artículo 539-D, el servicio deberá ser gratuito para los trabajadores y las tarifas conforme a las cuales se presten, deberán ser previamente fijadas por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
CAPITULO V / Inspección del trabajo
The Labor Inspectorate has the following functions:
I. To oversee compliance with labor standards;
II. To provide technical information and advise workers and employers on the most effective way to comply with labor standards;
III. To bring to the attention of the authority the deficiencies and violations of labor standards it observes in companies and establishments;
IV. To carry out the studies and gather the data requested by the authorities and those it deems advisable to foster harmony in the relations between workers and employers; and
V. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 540
La Inspección del Trabajo tiene las funciones siguientes:
I. Vigilar el cumplimiento de las normas de trabajo;
II. Facilitar información técnica y asesorar a los trabajadores y a los patrones sobre la manera más efectiva de cumplir las normas de trabajo;
III. Poner en conocimiento de la autoridad las deficiencias y las violaciones a las normas de trabajo que observe en las empresas y establecimientos;
IV. Realizar los estudios y acopiar los datos que le soliciten las autoridades y los que juzgue conveniente para procurar la armonía de las relaciones entre trabajadores y patrones; y
V. Las demás que le confieran las leyes.
Labor Inspectors have the following duties and powers:
I. To oversee compliance with labor standards, especially those that establish the rights and obligations of workers and employers, those that regulate the work of women and minors, and those that determine the preventive measures for occupational risks, safety and hygiene;
II. To visit companies and establishments during working hours, day or night, after identifying themselves;
III. To question workers and employers, alone or before witnesses, on any matter related to the application of labor standards;
IV. To require the production of books, registers or other documents required by labor standards;
V. (Repealed.)
V Bis. To assist the corresponding Conciliation Centers and Courts by carrying out the proceedings requested of them in matters of labor standards;
VI. To order the elimination of defects found in facilities and work methods when they constitute a violation of labor standards or a danger to the safety or health of workers;
VI Bis. To order, after consultation with the General Directorate of Federal Labor Inspection, the adoption of safety measures of immediate application in the event of imminent danger to the life, health or integrity of persons. In this case, if so authorized, the Inspectors shall order the restriction of access to or limit operations in the risk areas detected. In this event, they shall give a copy of the determination to the employer for the applicable legal purposes.
Within the following 24 hours, the Labor Inspectors, under their strictest responsibility, shall deliver a detailed written report to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), with a copy thereof to the employer.
VI Ter. In the case of the Federal Labor Inspectorate, to assist the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) and the federal Court in the proceedings requested of it in matters of freedom of association, election of leaders and representativeness in collective bargaining;
VII. To examine the substances and materials used in companies and establishments in the case of hazardous work; and
VIII. Such others as the laws confer on them.
Labor Inspectors must promptly comply with the instructions they receive from their hierarchical superiors in relation to the exercise of their functions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 541
Los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Vigilar el cumplimiento de las normas de trabajo, especialmente de las que establecen los derechos y obligaciones de trabajadores y patrones, de las que reglamentan el trabajo de las mujeres y los menores, y de las que determinan las medidas preventivas de riesgos de trabajo, seguridad e higiene;
II. Visitar las empresas y establecimientos durante las horas de trabajo, diurno o nocturno, previa identificación;
III. Interrogar, solos o ante testigos, a los trabajadores y patrones, sobre cualquier asunto relacionado con la aplicación de las normas de trabajo;
IV. Exigir la presentación de libros, registros u otros documentos, a que obliguen las normas de trabajo;
V. Se deroga.
V Bis. Auxiliar a los Centros de Conciliación y Tribunales correspondientes, efectuando las diligencias que le sean solicitadas en materia de normas de trabajo;
VI. Disponer que se eliminen los defectos comprobados en las instalaciones y métodos de trabajo cuando constituyan una violación de las normas de trabajo o un peligro para la seguridad o salud de los trabajadores;
VI Bis. Ordenar, previa consulta con la Dirección General de Inspección Federal del Trabajo, la adopción de las medidas de seguridad de aplicación inmediata en caso de peligro inminente para la vida, la salud o la integridad de las personas. En este caso, si así son autorizados, los Inspectores deberán decretar la restricción de acceso o limitar la operación en las áreas de riesgo detectadas. En este supuesto, deberán dar copia de la determinación al patrón para los efectos legales procedentes.
Dentro de las 24 horas siguientes, los Inspectores del Trabajo, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad, harán llegar un informe detallado por escrito a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, con copia del mismo al patrón.
VI Ter. Tratándose de la Inspección Federal del Trabajo, auxiliar al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral y al Tribunal federal, en las diligencias que le sean solicitadas en materia de libertad de sindicación, elección de dirigentes y de representatividad en la contratación colectiva;
VII. Examinar las substancias y materiales utilizados en las empresas y establecimientos cuando se trate de trabajos peligrosos; y
VIII. Los demás que les confieran las leyes.
Los Inspectores del Trabajo deberán cumplir puntualmente las instrucciones que reciban de sus superiores jerárquicos en relación con el ejercicio de sus funciones.
Labor Inspectors have the following obligations:
I. To identify themselves with a duly authorized credential before workers and employers;
II. To inspect companies and establishments periodically;
III. To carry out extraordinary inspections when required by their superiors or when they receive a complaint regarding violations of labor standards;
IV. To draw up a record of each inspection they carry out, with the participation of the workers and the employer, recording the deficiencies and violations of labor standards, to deliver a copy to the parties that participated and to forward it to the corresponding authority; and
V. Such others as the laws impose on them.
Inspection shall be carried out with special attention in the case of domestic workers, agricultural workers, migrant, indigenous and Afro-Mexican workers, persons belonging to a vulnerable group, as well as domestic workers under eighteen years of age.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 542
Las y los Inspectores del Trabajo tienen las obligaciones siguientes:
I. Identificarse con credencial debidamente autorizada, ante los trabajadores y los patrones;
II. Inspeccionar periódicamente las empresas y establecimientos;
III. Practicar inspecciones extraordinarias cuando sean requeridos por sus superiores o cuando reciban alguna denuncia respecto de violaciones a las normas de trabajo;
IV. Levantar acta de cada inspección que practiquen, con intervención de los trabajadores y del patrón, haciendo constar las deficiencias y violaciones a las normas de trabajo, entregar una copia a las partes que hayan intervenido y turnarla a la autoridad que corresponda; y
V. Las demás que les impongan las leyes.
La inspección se realizará con especial atención tratándose de personas trabajadoras del hogar, del campo, migrantes, indígenas y afromexicanas, personas que pertenezcan a un grupo vulnerable, así como personas trabajadoras del hogar menores de dieciocho años.
The facts certified by Labor Inspectors in the records they draw up in the exercise of their functions shall be deemed true unless the contrary is proven.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 543
Los hechos certificados por los Inspectores del Trabajo en las actas que levanten en ejercicio de sus funciones, se tendrán por ciertos mientras no se demuestra lo contrario.
Labor Inspectors are prohibited from:
I. Having a direct or indirect interest in the companies or establishments subject to their oversight;
II. Disclosing the industrial or commercial secrets and the manufacturing and operating procedures of which they become aware in the exercise of their functions; and
III. Representing or sponsoring workers or employers in labor disputes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 544
Queda prohibido a los Inspectores de Trabajo:
I. Tener interés directo o indirecto en las empresas o establecimientos sujetos a su vigilancia;
II. Revelar los secretos industriales o comerciales y los procedimientos de fabricación y explotación de que se enteren en el ejercicio de sus funciones; y
III. Representar o patrocinar a los trabajadores o a los patrones en los conflictos de trabajo.
The Labor Inspectorate shall be composed of a Director General and the number of Inspectors, men and women, deemed necessary for the performance of the functions mentioned in Article 540. Appointments shall be made by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) and by the Governments of the states (federal entities).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 545
La Inspección del Trabajo se integrará con un Director General y con el número de Inspectores, hombres y mujeres, que se juzgue necesario para el cumplimiento de las funciones que se mencionan en el artículo 540. Los nombramientos se harán por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social y por los Gobiernos de las Entidades Federativas.
To be a Labor Inspector, the following is required:
I. Be Mexican, of legal age, and in full exercise of his or her rights;
II. Have completed high school or its equivalents;
III. Not belong to workers' or employers' organizations;
IV. Demonstrate sufficient knowledge of labor law and social security and have the technical preparation necessary for the exercise of his or her functions;
V. Not be a minister of religion; and
VI. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 546
Para ser Inspector del Trabajo se requiere:
I. Ser mexicano, mayor de edad, y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Haber terminado el bachillerato o sus equivalentes;
III. No pertenecer a las organizaciones de trabajadores o de patrones;
IV. Demostrar conocimientos suficientes de derecho del trabajo y de la seguridad social y tener la preparación técnica necesaria para el ejercicio de sus funciones;
V. No ser ministro de culto; y
VI. No haber sido condenado por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The following are special grounds for liability of Labor Inspectors:
I. Failing to carry out the inspections referred to in Article 542, sections II and III;
II. Entering false facts in the records they draw up;
III. Violating the prohibitions referred to in Article 544;
IV. Receiving, directly or indirectly, any gift from workers or employers;
V. Failing to comply with the orders received from their hierarchical superior; and
VI. Failing to report to the public prosecutor's office the employer of an industrial, agricultural, mining, commercial or service business that fails to pay or has stopped paying the general minimum wage to a farm worker in its service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 547
Son causas especiales de responsabilidad de las y los Inspectores del Trabajo:
I. No practicar las inspecciones a que se refiere el artículo 542, fracciones II y III;
II. Asentar hechos falsos en las actas que levanten;
III. La violación de las prohibiciones a que se refiere el artículo 544;
IV. Recibir directa o indirectamente cualquier dádiva de los trabajadores o de los patrones;
V. No cumplir las órdenes recibidas de su superior jerárquico; y
VI. No denunciar ante el Ministerio Público, a la persona empleadora de una negociación industrial, de trabajo del campo, minera, comercial o de servicios que omita el pago o haya dejado de pagar el salario mínimo general a una persona trabajadora del campo a su servicio.
The sanctions that may be imposed on Labor Inspectors, regardless of the provisions of the criminal laws, are:
I. Reprimand;
II. Suspension for up to three months; and
III. Removal from office.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 548
Las sanciones que pueden imponerse a los Inspectores del Trabajo, independientemente de lo que dispongan las leyes penales, son:
I. Amonestación;
II. Suspensión hasta por tres meses; y
III. Destitución.
In imposing sanctions, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The Director General shall conduct an investigation, giving the interested party a hearing;
II. The Director General may impose the sanctions indicated in sections I and II of the preceding article; and
III. When, in the opinion of the Director General, the applicable sanction is removal from office, the Director General shall report to the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, to the Governor of the State or Territory or to the Head of Government of Mexico City, for their decision.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 549
En la imposición de las sanciones se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El Director General practicará una investigación con audiencia del interesado;
II. El Director General podrá imponer las sanciones señaladas en el artículo anterior, fracciones I y II; y
III. Cuando a juicio del Director General la sanción aplicable sea la destitución, dará cuenta al Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, al Gobernador del Estado o Territorio o al Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, para su decisión.
The regulations shall determine the powers, the manner of their exercise and the duties of the Labor Inspectorate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 550
Los reglamentos determinarán las atribuciones, la forma de su ejercicio y los deberes de la Inspección del Trabajo.
CAPITULO VI / Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos
The National Minimum Wage Commission shall operate with a President, a Council of Representatives and a Technical Directorate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 551
La Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos funcionará con un Presidente, un Consejo de Representantes y una Dirección Técnica.
The President of the Commission shall be appointed by the President of the Republic and must meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican, over thirty-five years of age and in full exercise of his or her rights;
II. Hold a legally issued degree in law or economics;
III. Have distinguished himself or herself in studies of labor law and economics;
IV. Not be a minister of religion; and
V. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 552
El Presidente de la Comisión será nombrado por el Presidente de la República y deberá satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicano, mayor de treinta y cinco años de edad y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Poseer título legalmente expedido de licenciado en derecho o en economía;
III. Haberse distinguido en estudios de derecho del trabajo y económicos;
IV. No ser ministro de culto; y
V. No haber sido condenado por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The President of the National Minimum Wage Commission has the following duties and powers:
I. To submit to the Council of Representatives the annual work plan prepared by the Technical Directorate;
II. To meet with the Director and the Technical Advisors at least once a month; to oversee the progress of the work plan that carries out the complementary research and studies it deems advisable;
III. To periodically inform the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare of the activities of the Commission;
IV. To convene and chair the sessions of the Council of Representatives;
V. To order the organization of and oversee the operation of the Advisory Commissions of the National Commission;
VI. To chair the work of the Advisory Commissions or to appoint, where applicable, those who are to chair it;
VII. Such others as the laws confer on him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 553
El Presidente de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Someter al Consejo de Representantes el plan anual de trabajo preparado por la Dirección Técnica;
II. Reunirse con el Director y los Asesores Técnicos, una vez al mes, por lo menos; vigilar el desarrollo del plan de trabajo que efectúen las investigaciones y estudios complementarios que juzgue conveniente;
III. Informar periódicamente al Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social de las actividades de la Comisión;
IV. Citar y presidir las sesiones del Consejo de Representantes;
V. Disponer la organización y vigilar el funcionamiento de las Comisiones Consultivas de la Comisión Nacional;
VI. Presidir los trabajos de las Comisiones Consultivas o designar, en su caso, a quienes deban presidirlos;
VII. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Council of Representatives shall be composed:
I. Of the government representation, consisting of the President of the Commission, who shall also be the President of the Council and shall have the government's vote, and of two advisors, with an informative voice, appointed by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare;
II. Of an equal number, not less than five nor more than fifteen, of regular and alternate representatives of unionized workers and of employers, appointed every four years in accordance with the call issued for that purpose by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS). If the workers or the employers fail to appoint their representatives, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare itself shall do so, and the appointment must fall on workers or employers; and
III. The Council of Representatives must be constituted no later than the first of July of the corresponding year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 554
El Consejo de Representantes se integrará:
I. Con la representación del gobierno, compuesta del Presidente de la Comisión, que será también el Presidente del Consejo y que tendrá el voto del gobierno, y de dos asesores, con voz informativa, designados por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
II. Con un número igual, no menor de cinco, ni mayor de quince, de representantes propietarios y suplentes de los trabajadores sindicalizados y de los patrones, designados cada cuatro años, de conformidad con la convocatoria que al efecto expida la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. Si los trabajadores o los patrones no hacen la designación de sus representantes, la hará la misma Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, debiendo recaer en trabajadores o patrones; y
III. El Consejo de Representantes deberá quedar integrado el primero de julio del año que corresponda, a más tardar.
The advisory representatives referred to in section I of the preceding article must meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican, over thirty years of age and in full exercise of their rights;
II. Hold a legally issued degree in law or economics;
III. Not be a minister of religion; and
IV. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 555
Los representantes asesores a que se refiere la fracción I del artículo anterior, deberán satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicanos, mayores de treinta años de edad y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Poseer título legalmente expedido de licenciado en derecho o en economía;
III. No ser ministro de culto; y
IV. No haber sido condenados por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The representatives of the workers and of the employers must meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican, over twenty-five years of age and in full exercise of their rights;
II. Not be a minister of religion; and
III. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 556
Los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones deberán satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicanos, mayores de veinticinco años y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. No ser ministro de culto; y
III. No haber sido condenados por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The Council of Representatives has the following duties and powers:
I. To determine, at the first session, its manner of working and the frequency of its sessions;
II. To approve annually the work plan of the Technical Directorate;
III. To hear the opinion prepared by the Technical Directorate and issue a resolution determining or modifying the geographic areas in which the minimum wages shall apply. The resolution shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF);
IV. To conduct and carry out directly the research and studies it deems advisable and to request the Technical Directorate to carry out complementary research and studies;
V. To appoint one or more commissions or technical experts to conduct research or carry out special studies;
VI. To approve the creation of advisory commissions of the National Commission and determine the bases for their formation and operation.
VII. To hear the opinions formulated by the advisory commissions at the conclusion of their work;
VIII. To set the general and professional minimum wages; and
IX. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 557
El Consejo de Representantes tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Determinar, en la primera sesión, su forma de trabajo y la frecuencia de las sesiones;
II. Aprobar anualmente el plan de trabajo de la Dirección Técnica;
III. Conocer el dictamen formulado por la Dirección Técnica y dictar resolución en la que se determinen o modifiquen las áreas geográficas en las que regirán los salarios mínimos. La resolución se publicará en el Diario Oficial de la Federación;
IV. Practicar y realizar directamente las investigaciones y estudios que juzgue conveniente y solicitar de la Dirección Técnica que efectúe investigaciones y estudios complementarios;
V. Designar una o varias comisiones o técnicos para que practiquen investigaciones o realicen estudios especiales;
VI. Aprobar la creación de comisiones consultivas de la Comisión Nacional y determinar las bases para su integración y funcionamiento.
VII. Conocer las opiniones que formulen las comisiones consultivas al término de sus trabajos;
VIII. Fijar los salarios mínimos generales y profesionales; y
IX. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Technical Directorate shall be composed:
I. Of a Director, appointed by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS);
II. Of the number of Technical Advisors appointed by the same Ministry; and
III. Of an equal number, determined by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, of Assistant Technical Advisors, appointed by the representatives of the workers and of the employers. These advisors shall receive, charged to the Federal Expenditure Budget, the same remuneration paid to those appointed by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 558
La Dirección Técnica se integrará:
I. Con un Director, nombrado por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
II. Con el número de Asesores Técnicos que nombre la misma Secretaría; y
III. Con un número igual, determinado por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social de Asesores Técnicos Auxiliares, designados por los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones. Estos asesores disfrutarán, con cargo al Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación, de la misma retribución que se pague a los nombrados por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
The appointment of an Assistant Technical Advisor referred to in section III of the preceding article is revocable at any time, at the request of fifty-one percent of the workers or employers who made it. The request shall be sent to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), which, after verifying the majority requirement, shall make the corresponding declaration. The request must contain the name and domicile of the person who is to hold the position.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 559
La designación de Asesor Técnico Auxiliar a que se refiere la fracción III del artículo anterior, es revocable en cualquier tiempo, a petición del cincuenta y uno por ciento de los trabajadores o patrones que la hubiesen hecho. La solicitud se remitirá a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, la que después de comprobar el requisito de la mayoría, hará la declaratoria correspondiente. La solicitud deberá contener el nombre y domicilio de la persona que deba desempeñar el cargo.
The Director, the Technical Advisors and the Assistant Technical Advisors must meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican, over twenty-five years of age and in full exercise of their rights;
II. Hold a legally issued degree in law or economics;
III. Not be a minister of religion; and
IV. Not have been convicted of an intentional crime punishable by imprisonment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 560
El Director, los Asesores Técnicos y los Asesores Técnicos Auxiliares, deberán satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicanos, mayores de veinticinco años y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Poseer título legalmente expedido de licenciado en derecho o en economía;
III. No ser ministro de culto; y
IV. No haber sido condenados por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal.
The Technical Directorate has the following duties and powers:
I. To carry out the technical studies necessary and appropriate to determine the division of the Republic into geographic areas, prepare an opinion and propose it to the Council of Representatives;
II. To propose to the Council of Representatives modifications to the Division of the Republic into geographic areas and to their composition, provided there are circumstances that justify it;
III. To conduct the research and carry out the studies necessary and appropriate so that the Council of Representatives can set the minimum wages;
IV. To suggest the setting of professional minimum wages;
V. To publish regularly the fluctuations in prices and their impact on the cost of living for the main localities of the country;
VI. To resolve, upon order of the President, the queries submitted to it in relation to price fluctuations and their impact on the purchasing power of wages;
VII. To support the technical work and research of the Advisory Commissions; and
VIII. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 561
La Dirección Técnica tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Realizar los estudios técnicos necesarios y apropiados para determinar la división de la República en áreas geográficas, formular un dictamen y proponerlo al Consejo de Representantes;
II. Proponer al Consejo de Representantes modificaciones a la División de la República en áreas geográficas y a la integración de las mismas; siempre que existan circunstancias que lo justifiquen;
III. Practicar las investigaciones y realizar los estudios necesarios y apropiados para que el Consejo de Representantes pueda fijar los salarios mínimos;
IV. Sugerir la fijación de los salarios mínimos profesionales;
V. Publicar regularmente las fluctuaciones ocurridas en los precios y sus repercusiones en el costo de la vida para las principales localidades del país;
VI. Resolver, previa orden del Presidente, las consultas que se le formulen en relación con las fluctuaciones de los precios y sus repercusiones en el poder adquisitivo de los salarios;
VII. Apoyar los trabajos técnicos e investigaciones de las Comisiones Consultivas; y
VIII. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
To perform the powers referred to in section III of the preceding article, the Technical Directorate shall:
I. Conduct and carry out the research and studies necessary and appropriate to determine, at least:
a) The general economic situation of the country.
b) The most significant changes observed in the various economic activities.
c) The variations in the cost of living per family.
d) The conditions of the labor market and wage structures.
II. Periodically carry out the research and studies necessary to determine:
a) The budget indispensable to satisfy the following needs of each family, among others: those of a material nature, such as housing, household goods, food, clothing and transportation; those of a social and cultural nature, such as attendance at shows, practice of sports, attendance at training schools, libraries and other cultural centers; and those related to the education of children.
b) The living and working conditions of minimum wage workers.
III. Request all kinds of reports and studies from official, federal and state institutions and from private institutions that deal with economic problems, such as social and economic research institutes, labor union organizations, chambers of commerce, chambers of industry and other similar institutions;
IV. Receive and consider the studies, reports and suggestions submitted to it by workers and employers; and
V. Prepare a report on the research and studies it has carried out and on those submitted by workers and employers and submit it to the consideration of the Council of Representatives.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 562
Para cumplir las atribuciones a que se refiere la fracción III del artículo anterior, la Dirección Técnica deberá:
I. Practicar y realizar las investigaciones y estudios necesarios y apropiados para determinar, por lo menos:
a) La situación económica general del país.
b) Los cambios de mayor importancia que se hayan observado en las diversas actividades económicas.
c) Las variaciones en el costo de la vida por familia.
d) Las condiciones del mercado de trabajo y las estructuras salariales.
II. Realizar periódicamente las investigaciones y estudios necesarios para determinar:
a) El presupuesto indispensable para la satisfacción de las siguientes necesidades de cada familia, entre otras: las de orden material, tales como la habitación, menaje de casa, alimentación, vestido y transporte; las de carácter social y cultural, tales como concurrencia a espectáculos, práctica de deportes, asistencia a escuelas de capacitación, bibliotecas y otros centros de cultura; y las relacionadas con la educación de los hijos.
b) Las condiciones de vida y de trabajo de los trabajadores de salario mínimo.
III. Solicitar toda clase de informes y estudios de las instituciones oficiales, federales y estatales y de las particulares que se ocupen de problemas económicos, tales como los institutos de investigaciones sociales y económicas, las organizaciones sindicales, las cámaras de comercio, las de industria y otras instituciones semejantes;
IV. Recibir y considerar los estudios, informes y sugerencias que le presenten los trabajadores y los patrones; y
V. Preparar un informe de las investigaciones y estudios que hubiese efectuado y de los presentados por los trabajadores y los patrones y someterlo a la consideración del Consejo de Representantes.
The Technical Director has the following duties and powers:
I. To coordinate the work of the advisors;
II. To periodically inform the President of the Commission and the Council of Representatives of the status of the work and suggest that complementary research and studies be carried out;
III. To act as Secretary of the Council of Representatives; and
IV. To order, by prior agreement with the President of the National Commission, the timely formation of the Technical Secretariats of the Advisory Commissions; and
V. Such others as the laws confer on him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 563
El Director Técnico tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Coordinar los trabajos de los asesores;
II. Informar periódicamente al Presidente de la Comisión y al Consejo de Representantes, del estado de los trabajos y sugerir se lleven a cabo investigaciones y estudios complementarios;
III. Actuar como Secretario del Consejo de Representantes; y
IV. Disponer, previo acuerdo con el Presidente de la Comisión Nacional, la integración oportuna de los Secretariados Técnicos de las Comisiones Consultivas; y
V. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
CAPITULO VII / Comisiones Consultivas de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos
The President of the National Commission shall determine, in each case, the bases for the organization and operation of the Advisory Commissions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 564
El Presidente de la Comisión Nacional determinará, en cada caso, las bases de organización y funcionamiento de las Comisiones Consultivas.
The Advisory Commissions shall be composed in accordance with the following provisions:
I. Of a president;
II. Of an equal number of representatives of the workers and of the employers, not less than three nor more than five, appointed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter II of Title Thirteen of this Law;
III. Of the technical advisors and specialists deemed advisable, appointed by the President of the National Commission; and
IV. Of a Technical Secretariat.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 565
Las Comisiones Consultivas se integrarán de conformidad con las disposiciones siguientes:
I. Con un presidente;
II. Con un número igual de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones, no menor de tres ni mayor de cinco, designados de acuerdo a lo dispuesto en el Capítulo II del Título Trece de esta Ley;
III. Con los asesores técnicos y especialistas que se considere conveniente, designados por el Presidente de la Comisión Nacional; y
IV. Con un Secretariado Técnico.
The representatives of the workers and of the employers must meet the requirements set forth in Article 556.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 566
Los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones deberán satisfacer los requisitos señalados en el artículo 556.
The Advisory Commissions shall have the following duties and powers:
I. To determine at the first session their manner of working and the frequency of their meetings;
II. To approve the Work Plan prepared by the Technical Secretariat and to request it, where applicable, to carry out complementary research and studies;
III. To conduct and carry out directly the research they deem pertinent for the better performance of their function;
IV. To request directly, when they deem it advisable, the reports and studies referred to in Article 562, Section III;
V. To request the opinion of workers' and employers' organizations and, in general, of any public or private entity;
VI. To receive the suggestions and studies submitted to them by workers, employers and, in general, any public or private entity;
VII. To gather all the elements they deem necessary and appropriate for the fulfillment of their purpose;
VIII. To issue a report with the opinions and recommendations they deem pertinent in relation to the matters within their competence; and
IX. Such others as the laws confer on them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 567
Las Comisiones Consultivas tendrán los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Determinar en la primera sesión su forma de trabajo y la frecuencia de sus reuniones;
II. Aprobar el Plan de Trabajo que formule el Secretariado Técnico y solicitarle, en su caso, la realización de investigaciones y estudios complementarios;
III. Practicar y realizar directamente las investigaciones que juzgue pertinentes para el mejor cumplimiento de su función;
IV. Solicitar directamente, cuando lo juzgue conveniente, los informes y estudios a que se refiere el artículo 562, Fracción III;
V. Solicitar la opinión de organizaciones de trabajadores, de patrones y en general de cualquier entidad pública o privada;
VI. Recibir las sugerencias y estudios que le presenten los trabajadores, los patrones y en general cualquier entidad pública o privada;
VII. Allegarse todos los elementos que juzguen necesarios y apropiados para el cumplimiento de su objeto;
VIII. Emitir un informe con las opiniones y recomendaciones que juzgue pertinentes en relación con las materias de su competencia; y
IX. Los demás que les confieran las leyes.
The President of the Advisory Commission shall have the following duties and powers:
I. To convene and chair the sessions of the Commission;
II. To submit to the Advisory Commission the Work Plan prepared by the Technical Secretariat and oversee its progress;
III. To periodically inform the President of the National Commission, where applicable, of the progress of the work of the Advisory Commission and notify him or her of its conclusion;
IV. To present to the Council of Representatives, through the President of the National Commission, the results of the work of the Advisory Commission; and
V. Such others as the laws confer on him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 568
El Presidente de la Comisión Consultiva tendrá los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Citar y presidir las sesiones de la Comisión;
II. Someter a la Comisión Consultiva el Plan de Trabajo que formule el Secretariado Técnico y vigilar su desarrollo;
III. Informar periódicamente al Presidente de la Comisión Nacional, en su caso, del desarrollo de los trabajos de la Comisión Consultiva y hacer de su conocimiento la terminación de los mismos;
IV. Presentar al Consejo de Representantes por conducto del Presidente de la Comisión Nacional los resultados de los trabajos de la Comisión Consultiva; y
V. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Technical Secretariat of the Advisory Commission shall have the following duties and powers:
I. To conduct the research and carry out the studies provided for in the Work Plan approved by the Advisory Commission and those subsequently entrusted to it;
II. To request all kinds of reports and studies from government agencies and institutions and public and private entities related to the subject matter of its work;
III. To receive and consider the studies, reports and suggestions submitted to it by workers and employers;
IV. To gather all other elements it deems necessary or appropriate;
V. To prepare the working documents and reports required by the Commission;
VI. To prepare a final report that must contain the results of the research and studies carried out and a summary of the suggestions and studies of the workers and employers, and submit it to the consideration of the Advisory Commission; and
VII. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 569
El Secretariado Técnico de la Comisión Consultiva tendrá los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Practicar las investigaciones y realizar los estudios previstos en el Plan de Trabajo aprobado por la Comisión Consultiva y los que posteriormente se le encomienden;
II. Solicitar toda clase de informes y estudios de dependencias e instituciones oficiales y entidades públicas y privadas relacionadas con la materia objeto de sus trabajos;
III. Recibir y considerar los estudios, informes y sugerencias que le presenten los trabajadores y los patrones;
IV. Allegarse todos los demás elementos que juzgue necesarios o apropiados;
V. Preparar los documentos de trabajo e informes que requiera la Comisión;
VI. Preparar un informe final que deberá contener los resultados de las investigaciones y estudios efectuados y un resumen de las sugerencias y estudios de los trabajadores y patrones y someterlo a la consideración de la Comisión Consultiva; y
VII. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
CAPITULO VIII / Procedimiento ante la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos
Minimum wages shall be set each year and shall take effect on January first of the following year.
Minimum wages may be revised at any time during their effective period provided there are economic circumstances that justify it:
I. At the initiative of the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, who shall submit to the President of the National Minimum Wage Commission a written request containing a statement of the facts giving rise to it; or
II. At the request of labor unions, federations and confederations of workers or of employers, upon compliance with the following requirements:
a) The request must be submitted to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) by the labor unions, federations and confederations representing at least fifty-one percent of unionized workers, or by employers who have at least that Percentage of workers in their service.
b) The request shall contain a statement of the grounds that justify it and may be accompanied by the corresponding studies and documents.
c) The Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, within the five days following the date on which he or she receives the corresponding request and upon certification of the majority referred to in subsection a) of this article, shall forward it to the President of the National Minimum Wage Commission together with the accompanying studies and documents.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 570
Los salarios mínimos se fijarán cada año y comenzarán a regir el primero de enero del año siguiente.
Los salarios mínimos podrán revisarse en cualquier momento en el curso de su vigencia siempre que existan circunstancias económicas que lo justifiquen:
I. Por iniciativa del Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social quien formulará al Presidente de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos solicitud por escrito que contenga exposición de los hechos que la motiven; o
II. A solicitud de los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones de trabajadores o de los patrones previo cumplimiento de los siguientes requisitos:
a) La solicitud deberá presentarse a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social por los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones que representen el cincuenta y uno por ciento de los trabajadores sindicalizados, por lo menos, o por los patrones que tengan a su servicio por lo menos dicho Porcentaje de trabajadores.
b) La solicitud contendrá una exposición de los fundamentos que la justifiquen y podrá acompañarse de los estudios y documentos que correspondan.
c) El Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, dentro de los cinco días siguientes a la fecha en que reciba la solicitud correspondiente y previa certificación de la mayoría a que se refiere el inciso a) de este artículo, la hará llegar al Presidente de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos con los estudios y documentos que la acompañen.
In setting the minimum wages referred to in the first paragraph of Article 570, the following rules shall be observed:
I. Workers and employers shall have a term expiring on the last day of November to submit the studies they deem advisable;
II. The Technical Directorate shall submit to the consideration of the Council of Representatives, no later than the last day of November, the Report referred to in section V of Article 562 of this Law;
III. The Council of Representatives, during the month of December and before the last business day of that month, shall issue a resolution setting the minimum wages, after studying the report of the Technical Directorate and the opinions, studies and research submitted by the workers and the employers. For that purpose, it may carry out directly the research and studies it deems advisable and request complementary information from the Technical Directorate;
IV. The National Commission shall state in its resolution the grounds that justify it; and
V. Once the resolution has been issued, the President of the Commission shall order its publication in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF), which must take place no later than December thirty-first.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 571
En la fijación de los salarios mínimos a que se refiere el primer párrafo del artículo 570 se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Los trabajadores y los patrones dispondrán de un término que vencerá el último de noviembre para presentar los estudios que juzguen convenientes;
II. La Dirección Técnica presentará a la consideración del Consejo de Representantes, a más tarde el último día de noviembre, el Informe al que se refiere la fracción V del artículo 562 de esta Ley;
III. El Consejo de Representantes, durante el mes de Diciembre y antes del último día hábil del mismo mes, dictará resolución en la que fije los salarios mínimos, después de estudiar el informe de la Dirección Técnica, y las opiniones, estudios e investigaciones presentadas por los trabajadores y los patrones. Para tal efecto podrá realizar directamente las investigaciones y estudios que juzgue convenientes y solicitar a la Dirección Técnica información complementaria;
IV. La Comisión Nacional expresará en su resolución los fundamentos que la justifiquen; y
V. Dictada la resolución, el Presidente de la Comisión ordenará su publicación en el Diario Oficial de la Federación la que deberá hacerse a más tardar el treinta y uno de Diciembre.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 572
(Se deroga).
In the revision of minimum wages referred to in the second paragraph of Article 570 of the Law, the following procedures shall be observed:
I. The President of the National Commission, within the three days following the date on which he or she received the request from the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare or, where applicable, the request submitted by the workers' organizations or the employers, shall convene the Council of Representatives to study the request and decide whether the grounds supporting it are sufficient to initiate the revision process. If the resolution is in the affirmative, he or she shall order the Technical Directorate to prepare a report that considers the movement of prices and their impact on the purchasing power of minimum wages, as well as the most significant data on the national economic situation, so that the Council of Representatives may have the information necessary to review the minimum wages in force and set, where applicable, those that should be established. If its resolution is negative, he or she shall bring it to the attention of the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare;
II. The Technical Directorate shall have a term of five days, from the date on which it was instructed by the President of the National Commission, to prepare the report referred to in the preceding section and deliver it to the Council of Representatives through the President of the Commission;
III. The Council of Representatives, within the three days following the date on which it receives the report of the Technical Directorate, shall issue the corresponding resolution, setting, where applicable, the minimum wages that are to be established;
IV. The resolution of the National Commission shall establish the date on which the new minimum wages set are to take effect, which may not be later than ten days from the date on which the resolution is issued; and
V. The President of the National Minimum Wage Commission shall order the publication of the Resolution in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) within the three days following the date on which it was issued
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 573
En la revisión de los salarios mínimos a la que se refiere el segundo párrafo del artículo 570 de la Ley se observarán los siguientes procedimientos:
I. El Presidente de la Comisión Nacional, dentro de los tres días siguientes a la fecha en que haya recibido la solicitud del Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, o en su caso la que le hayan presentado las organizaciones de trabajadores o los patrones, convocará al Consejo de Representantes para estudiar la solicitud y decidir si los fundamentos que la apoyan son suficientes para iniciar el proceso de revisión. Si la resolución es en sentido afirmativo ordenará a la Dirección Técnica la preparación de un informe que considere el movimiento de los precios y sus repercusiones en el poder adquisitivo de los salarios mínimos; así como los datos más significativos de la situación económica nacional para que el Consejo de Representantes pueda disponer de la información necesaria para revisar los salarios mínimos vigentes y fijar, en su caso, los que deben establecerse. Si su resolución es negativa la pondrá en conocimiento del Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
II. La Dirección Técnica dispondrá de un término de cinco días, a partir de la fecha en que hubiera sido instruida por el Presidente de la Comisión Nacional, para elaborar el informe a que se refiere la fracción anterior y hacerlo llegar al Consejo de Representantes por conducto del Presidente de la Comisión;
III. El Consejo de Representantes, dentro de los tres días siguientes a la fecha en que reciba el informe de la Dirección Técnica dictará la resolución que corresponda fijando, en su caso, los salarios mínimos que deban establecerse;
IV. La resolución de la Comisión Nacional establecerá la fecha en que deba iniciarse la vigencia de los nuevos salarios mínimos que se fijen, la cual no podrá ser posterior a diez días contados a partir de la fecha en que se emita la resolución; y
V. El Presidente de la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos ordenará la publicación de la Resolución en el Diario Oficial de la Federación dentro de los tres días siguientes a la fecha en que se haya emitido
In the procedures referred to in this Chapter, the following rules shall be observed:
I. For the Council of Representatives of the National Commission to be able to hold a session, at least fifty-one percent of the total of its members must attend;
II. If one or more representatives of the workers or of the employers fail to attend a session, the alternates shall be called; if they do not attend the session for which they were called, the President of the Commission shall report to the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare so that he or she may appoint the person or persons who are to sit on the Commission in substitution of the absentees;
III. Decisions shall be made by a majority of votes of the members present. In the event of a tie, the votes of those absent shall be added to that of the President of the Commission; and
IV. Minutes shall be drawn up of each session, which shall be signed by the President and the Secretary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 574
En los procedimientos a que se refiere este Capítulo se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Para que pueda sesionar el Consejo de Representantes de la Comisión Nacional será necesario que ocurra el cincuenta y uno por ciento del total de sus miembros, por lo menos;
II. Si uno o más representantes de los trabajadores o de los patrones deja de concurrir a alguna sesión, se llamará a los suplentes, si éstos no concurren a la sesión para la que fueron llamados, el Presidente de la Comisión dará cuenta al Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social para que haga la designación de la persona o personas que deban integrar la Comisión en sustitución de los faltistas;
III. Las decisiones se tomarán por mayoría de votos de los miembros presentes. En caso de empate, los votos de los ausentes se sumaran al del Presidente de la Comisión; y
IV. De cada sesión se levantará un acta, donde suscribirán el Presidente y el Secretario.
CAPITULO IX / Comisión nacional para la participación de los trabajadores en las utilidades de las empresas
The National Commission for Employee Profit Sharing in Enterprises shall be formed and shall operate to determine the corresponding percentage and to proceed with its revision, in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 575
La Comisión Nacional para la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas se integrará y funcionará para determinar el porcentaje correspondiente y para proceder a su revisión, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en este capítulo.
The Commission shall operate with a President, a Council of Representatives and a Technical Directorate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 576
La Comisión funcionará con un Presidente, un Consejo de Representantes y una Dirección Técnica.
The President of the Commission shall be appointed by the President of the Republic and must meet the requirements set forth in Article 552.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 577
El Presidente de la Comisión será nombrado por el Presidente de la República y deberá satisfacer los requisitos señalados en el artículo 552.
The President of the Commission has the following duties and powers:
I. To submit to the Council of Representatives the work plan of the Technical Directorate, which must include all the studies and research necessary and appropriate to understand the general conditions of the national economy;
II. To meet with the Director and Technical Advisors at least once a month, and oversee the progress of the work plan;
III. To periodically inform the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare of the activities of the Commission;
IV. To convene and chair the sessions of the Council of Representatives; and
V. Such others as the laws confer on him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 578
El Presidente de la Comisión tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Someter al Consejo de Representantes el plan de trabajo de la Dirección Técnica, que debe comprender todos los estudios e investigaciones necesarias y apropiados para conocer las condiciones generales de la economía nacional;
II. Reunirse con el Director y Asesores Técnicos, una vez al mes, por lo menos, y vigilar el desarrollo del plan de trabajo;
III. Informar periódicamente al Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social de las actividades de la Comisión;
IV. Citar y presidir las sesiones del Consejo de Representantes; y
V. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Council of Representatives shall be composed:
I. Of the government representation, consisting of the President of the Commission, who shall also be the President of the Council and shall have the government's vote, and of two advisors, with an informative voice, appointed by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare; and
II. Of an equal number, not less than two nor more than five, of regular and alternate representatives of unionized workers and of employers, appointed in accordance with the call issued for that purpose by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS). If the workers and the employers fail to appoint representatives, the Ministry itself shall make the corresponding appointments, which must fall on workers or employers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 579
El Consejo de Representantes se integrará:
I. Con la representación del gobierno, compuesta del Presidente de la Comisión, que será también el Presidente del Consejo y que tendrá el voto del gobierno, y de dos asesores, con voz informativa, designados por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social; y
II. Con un número igual, no menor de dos ni mayor de cinco, de representantes propietarios y suplentes de los trabajadores sindicalizados y de los patrones, designados de conformidad con la convocatoria que al efecto expida la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. Si los trabajadores y los patrones no hacen la designación de representantes, la misma Secretaría hará las designaciones correspondientes, que deberán recaer en trabajadores o patrones.
The advisory representatives referred to in section I of the preceding article must meet the requirements set forth in Article 555.
The representatives of the workers and of the employers referred to in section II of the preceding article must meet the requirements set forth in Article 556.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 580
Los representantes asesores a que se refiere la fracción I del artículo anterior, deberán satisfacer los requisitos señalados en el artículo 555.
Los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones a que se refiere la fracción II del artículo anterior, deberán satisfacer los requisitos señalados en el artículo 556.
The Council of Representatives has the following duties and powers:
I. To determine, within the fifteen days following its installation, its manner of working and the frequency of its sessions,
II. To approve the work plan of the Technical Directorate and request it to carry out complementary research and studies;
III. To conduct and carry out directly the research and studies it deems advisable for the better performance of its function;
IV. To request directly, when it deems it advisable, the reports and studies referred to in Article 584, section II;
V. To request the opinion of workers' and employers' associations;
VI. To receive the suggestions and studies submitted to it by workers and employers;
VII. To appoint one or more commissions or technical experts to conduct research and carry out special studies;
VIII. To gather all other elements it deems necessary or appropriate;
IX. To determine and revise the percentage of the profits of companies that is to correspond to the workers; and
X. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 581
El Consejo de Representantes tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Determinar, dentro de los quince días siguientes a su instalación, su forma de trabajo y la frecuencia de las sesiones,
II. Aprobar el plan de trabajo de la Dirección Técnica y solicitar de la misma que efectúe investigaciones y estudios complementarios;
III. Practicar y realizar directamente las investigaciones y estudios que juzgue conveniente para el mejor cumplimiento de su función;
IV. Solicitar directamente, cuando lo juzgue conveniente, los informes y estudios a que se refiere el artículo 584, fracción II;
V. Solicitar la opinión de las asociaciones de trabajadores y patrones;
VI. Recibir las sugerencias y estudios que le presenten los trabajadores y los patrones;
VII. Designar una o varias comisiones o técnicos para que practiquen investigaciones y realicen estudios especiales;
VIII. Allegarse todos los demás elementos que juzgue necesarios o apropiados;
IX. Determinar y revisar el porcentaje que deba corresponder a los trabajadores en las utilidades de las empresas; y
X. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Technical Directorate shall be composed:
I. Of a Director, appointed by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS);
II. Of the number of technical advisors appointed by the same Ministry; and
III. Of an equal number, determined by the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, of Assistant Technical Advisors, appointed by the representatives of the workers and of the employers.
These advisors shall receive, charged to the Federal Expenditure Budget, the same remuneration paid to those appointed by the Ministry.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 582
La Dirección Técnica se integrará:
I. Con un Director, nombrado por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
II. Con el número de asesores técnicos que nombre la misma Secretaría; y
III. Con un número igual, determinado por la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, de Asesores Técnicos Auxiliares, designados por los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones.
Estos asesores disfrutarán, con cargo al Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación, de la misma retribución que se pague a los nombrados por la Secretaría.
The Director, the Technical Advisors and the Assistant Technical Advisors must meet the requirements set forth in Article 560. The provisions of Article 559 apply to the Assistant Advisors.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 583
El Director, los Asesores Técnicos y los Asesores Técnicos Auxiliares, deberán satisfacer los requisitos señalados en el artículo 560. Es aplicable a los Asesores auxiliares lo dispuesto en el artículo 559.
The Technical Directorate has the following duties and powers:
I. To conduct the research and carry out the studies provided for in the work plan approved by the Council of Representatives and those subsequently entrusted to it;
II. To request all kinds of reports and studies from official, federal or state institutions and from private institutions that deal with economic problems, such as social and economic research institutes, labor union organizations, chambers of commerce, chambers of industry and other similar institutions.
III. To receive and consider the studies, reports and suggestions submitted to it by workers and employers;
IV. To gather all other elements it deems necessary or appropriate;
V. To prepare a report, which must contain the results of the research and studies carried out and a summary of the suggestions and studies of the workers and employers, and submit it to the consideration of the Council of Representatives; and
VI. Such others as the laws confer on it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 584
La Dirección Técnica tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Practicar las investigaciones y realizar los estudios previstos en el plan de trabajo aprobado por el Consejo de Representantes y los que posteriormente se le encomienden;
II. Solicitar toda clase de informes y estudios de las instituciones oficiales, federales o estatales y de las particulares que se ocupen de problemas económicos, tales como los institutos de investigaciones sociales y económicas, las organizaciones sindicales, las cámaras de comercio, las de industria y otras instituciones semejantes.
III. Recibir y considerar los estudios, informes y sugerencias que le presenten los trabajadores y los patrones;
IV. Allegarse todos los demás elementos que juzgue necesarios o apropiados;
V. Preparar un informe, que debe contener los resultados de las investigaciones y estudios efectuados y un resumen de las sugerencias y estudios de los trabajadores y patrones y someterlo a la consideración del Consejo de Representantes; y
VI. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
The Technical Director has the following duties and powers:
I. To coordinate the work of the Advisors;
II. To periodically inform the President of the Commission and the Council of Representatives of the status of the work and suggest that complementary research and studies be carried out;
III. To act as Secretary of the Council of Representatives; and
IV. Such others as the laws confer on him or her.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 585
El Director Técnico tiene los deberes y atribuciones siguientes:
I. Coordinar los trabajos de los Asesores;
II. Informar periódicamente al Presidente de la Comisión y al Consejo de Representantes, del estado de los trabajos y sugerir se lleven a cabo investigaciones y estudios complementarios;
III. Actuar como Secretario del Consejo de Representantes; y
IV. Los demás que le confieran las leyes.
In the operation of the Commission, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The President shall publish a notice in the Official Gazette, granting workers and employers a term of three months to submit suggestions and studies, accompanied by the corresponding evidence and documents;
II. The Commission shall have a term of eight months for the Technical Directorate to carry out the work plan approved by the Council of Representatives and for the latter to perform the powers set forth in Article 581, sections III through VIII;
III. The Council of Representatives shall issue the resolution within the following month;
IV. The resolution shall state the grounds that justify it. The Council of Representatives shall take into consideration the provisions of Article 118, the report of the Technical Directorate, the research and studies it has carried out and the suggestions and studies submitted by the workers and the employers;
V. The resolution shall set the percentage that is to correspond to the workers on taxable income, without making any deduction or establishing differences among companies; and
VI. The President shall order the resolution to be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) within the following five days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 586
En el funcionamiento de la Comisión se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El Presidente publicará un aviso en el Diario Oficial, concediendo a los trabajadores y a los patrones un término de tres meses para que presenten sugerencias y estudios, acompañados de las pruebas y documentos correspondientes;
II. La Comisión dispondrá del término de ocho meses para que la Dirección Técnica desarrolle el plan de trabajo aprobado por el Consejo de Representantes y para que éste cumpla las atribuciones señaladas en el artículo 581, fracciones III a VIII;
III. El Consejo de Representantes dictará la resolución dentro del mes siguiente;
IV. La resolución expresará los fundamentos que la justifiquen. El Consejo de Representantes tomará en consideración lo dispuesto en el artículo 118, el informe de la Dirección Técnica, las investigaciones y estudios que hubiese efectuado y las sugerencias y estudios presentados por los trabajadores y los patrones;
V. La resolución fijará el porcentaje que deba corresponder a los trabajadores sobre la renta gravable, sin hacer ninguna deducción ni establecer diferencias entre las empresas; y
VI. El Presidente ordenará se publique la resolución en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, dentro de los cinco días siguientes.
For the revision of the percentage, the Commission shall meet:
I. Upon a call issued by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, when there are studies and research that justify it; and
II. At the request of labor unions, federations or confederations of workers or of employers, upon compliance with the following requirements:
a) The request must be submitted to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) by the labor unions, federations or confederations representing at least fifty-one percent of unionized workers, or by employers who have that percentage of workers in their service.
b) The request shall contain a statement of the causes and grounds that justify it and shall be accompanied by the corresponding studies and documents.
c) The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, within the following ninety days, shall verify the majority requirement.
d) Once that requirement has been verified, the same Ministry, within the following thirty days, shall call on the workers and employers to elect their representatives.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 587
Para la revisión del porcentaje, la Comisión se reunirá:
I. Por convocatoria expedida por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, cuando existan estudios e investigaciones que lo justifiquen; y
II. A solicitud de los sindicatos, federaciones o confederaciones de trabajadores o de los patrones, previo cumplimiento de los requisitos siguientes:
a) La solicitud deberá presentarse a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social por los sindicatos, federaciones o confederaciones que representen el cincuenta y uno por ciento de los trabajadores sindicalizados, por lo menos, o por los patrones que tengan a su servicio dicho porcentaje de trabajadores.
b) La solicitud contendrá una exposición de las causas y fundamentos que la justifiquen e irá acompañada de los estudios y documentos correspondientes.
c) La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, dentro de los noventa días siguientes, verificará el requisito de la mayoría.
d) Verificado dicho requisito, la misma Secretaría, dentro de los treinta días siguientes, convocará a los trabajadores y patrones para la elección de sus representantes.
In the revision procedure, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The Council of Representatives shall study the request and decide whether the grounds supporting it are sufficient to initiate the revision procedure. If its resolution is negative, it shall bring it to the attention of the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare and shall dissolve; and
II. The powers and duties of the President, the Council of Representatives and the Technical Directorate, as well as the operation of the Commission, shall conform to the provisions of this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 588
En el procedimiento de revisión se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El Consejo de Representantes estudiará la solicitud y decidirá si los fundamentos que la apoyan son suficientes para iniciar el procedimiento de revisión. Si su resolución es negativa, la pondrá en conocimiento del Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social y se disolverá; y
II. Las atribuciones y deberes del Presidente, del Consejo de Representantes y de la Dirección Técnica, así como el funcionamiento de la Comisión, se ajustarán a las disposiciones de este capítulo.
Labor unions, federations and confederations of workers or employers may not submit a new request for revision until ten years have elapsed from the date on which the request was rejected or resolved.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 589
Los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones de trabajadores o los patrones, no podrán presentar una nueva solicitud de revisión, sino después de transcurridos diez años de la fecha en que hubiese sido desechada o resuelta la solicitud.
In the procedures referred to in this chapter, the rules contained in Article 574 shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590
En los procedimientos a que se refiere este capítulo se observarán las normas contenidas en el artículo 574.
CAPITULO IX BIS / Del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) has the following powers:
I. To perform in federal matters the conciliation function referred to in the fourth paragraph of section XX of Article 123 of the Constitution;
II. To keep the registry of all collective bargaining agreements, internal work regulations and labor union organizations, as well as all the acts and procedures referred to in the fourth paragraph of section XX of Article 123 of the Constitution;
III. To establish the Professional Career Service and to select its personnel through open competition under equal conditions;
IV. To establish training and professional development plans incorporating the gender perspective and the human rights approach, and
V. Such others as derive from this Law and the applicable regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-A
Corresponde al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral las siguientes atribuciones:
I. Realizar en materia federal la función conciliadora a que se refiere el párrafo cuarto de la fracción XX del artículo 123 constitucional;
II. Llevar el registro de todos los contratos colectivos de trabajo, reglamentos interiores de trabajo y de las organizaciones sindicales, así como todos los actos y procedimientos a que se refiere el párrafo cuarto de la fracción XX del artículo 123 constitucional;
III. Establecer el Servicio Profesional de Carrera y seleccionar mediante concurso abierto en igualdad de condiciones a su personal;
IV. Establecer planes de capacitación y desarrollo profesional incorporando la perspectiva de género y el enfoque de derechos humanos, y
V. Las demás que de esta Ley y la normatividad aplicable se deriven.
The Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall be constituted and shall operate in accordance with the following guidelines:
It shall be a Decentralized Public Agency of the Federal Government, domiciled in Mexico City, and shall have regional offices in accordance with the guidelines established by the Governing Body. It shall have its own legal personality and assets, and full technical, operational, budgetary, decision-making and management autonomy. It shall be governed by the principles of certainty, independence, legality, impartiality, equality, reliability, effectiveness, objectivity, professionalism, transparency and publicity.
It shall be competent to conduct the conciliation procedure that workers and employers must exhaust before going to the Courts, as established in the fifth paragraph of section XX of Article 123, Part A, of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States.
In addition, it shall be competent to operate the registry of all collective bargaining agreements, internal work regulations and labor union organizations, as well as all related administrative processes.
The head of the agency shall be its Director General. The appointment must fall on a person who has capacity and experience in the matters within the competence of the decentralized agency, who, in addition to the provisions of Article 123, Part A, section XX of the Constitution, must meet the requirements established by the applicable Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-B
El Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral se constituirá y funcionará de conformidad con los siguientes lineamientos:
Será un Organismo Público Descentralizado del Gobierno Federal, con domicilio en la Ciudad de México y contará con oficinas regionales conforme a los lineamientos que establezca el Órgano de Gobierno. Tendrá personalidad jurídica y patrimonio propios, plena autonomía técnica, operativa, presupuestaria, de decisión y de gestión. Se regirá por los principios de certeza, independencia, legalidad, imparcialidad, igualdad, confiabilidad, eficacia, objetividad, profesionalismo, transparencia y publicidad.
Será competente para substanciar el procedimiento de la conciliación que deberán agotar los trabajadores y patrones, antes de acudir a los Tribunales, conforme lo establece el párrafo quinto de la fracción XX del artículo 123, apartado A, de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.
Además, será competente para operar el registro de todos los contratos colectivos de trabajo, reglamentos interiores de trabajo y las organizaciones sindicales, así como todos los procesos administrativos relacionados.
El titular del organismo será su Director General. El nombramiento deberá recaer en una persona que tenga capacidad y experiencia en las materias de la competencia del organismo descentralizado, quien además de lo previsto en el artículo 123, apartado A, fracción XX de la Constitución, deberá cumplir con los requisitos que establezca la Ley de la materia.
The Director General of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall have the following powers:
I. To enter into acts and execute all kinds of documents inherent to the purpose of the Agency;
II. To hold the legal representation of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, as well as to exercise powers of ownership, administration, and lawsuits and collections, in accordance with the Law and the organic statute;
III. To grant general and special powers of attorney with the authority corresponding to them, including those that require authorization or a special clause. For the granting and validity of these powers of attorney, the official communication issued to the agent by the Director General shall suffice. General powers of attorney, in order to have effect against third parties, must be registered in the Public Registry of Property and Commerce in each state (federal entity) and Mexico City;
IV. To substitute and revoke general or special powers of attorney;
V. With the prior authorization of the Governing Board, to set up the state or regional Delegations or offices that are necessary for the full and timely performance of the powers of the Decentralized Public Agency;
VI. Such others as are required for the proper operation of the Agency, without contravening the Law and the organic statute, and
VII. Such others as derive from this Law, the organic statute and other applicable legal provisions.
The Director General shall exercise the powers referred to in sections I, II and III under his or her responsibility and within the limitations set forth in the organic statute authorized by the Governing Board.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-C
El Director General del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral tendrá las facultades siguientes:
I. Celebrar actos y otorgar toda clase de documentos inherentes al objeto del Organismo;
II. Tener la representación legal del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, así como ejercer facultades de dominio, administración, y pleitos y cobranzas, con apego a la Ley y el estatuto orgánico;
III. Otorgar poderes generales y especiales con las facultades que les competan, entre ellas las que requieran autorización o cláusula especial. Para el otorgamiento y validez de estos poderes, bastará la comunicación oficial que se expida al mandatario por el Director General. Los poderes generales para surtir efectos frente a terceros deberán inscribirse en el Registro Público de la Propiedad y de Comercio en cada Entidad Federativa y Ciudad de México;
IV. Sustituir y revocar poderes generales o especiales;
V. Previa autorización de la Junta de Gobierno, instalar las Delegaciones u oficinas estatales o regionales, que sean necesarias para el cabal y oportuno cumplimiento de las atribuciones del Organismo Público Descentralizado;
VI. Las demás que se requieran para el adecuado funcionamiento del Organismo, sin contravenir la Ley y el estatuto orgánico, y
VII. Las demás que se deriven de la presente Ley, el estatuto orgánico y demás disposiciones legales aplicables.
El Director General ejercerá las facultades a que se refieren las fracciones I, II y III bajo su responsabilidad y dentro de las limitaciones que señale el estatuto orgánico que autorice la Junta de Gobierno.
The Governing Board of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) shall be composed of:
a) The head of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) as regular member, or his or her alternate, who shall act as President of the Governing Board;
b) The head of the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP) as regular member, or his or her alternate;
c) The head of the National Institute for Transparency, Access to Information and Personal Data Protection (INAI) as regular member, or his or her alternate;
d) The President of the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) as regular member, or his or her alternate, and
e) The President of the National Electoral Institute (INE) as regular member, or his or her alternate.
The alternates shall be appointed by the regular members and must hold the rank immediately below such regular members in the agency or public body concerned.
It shall hold valid sessions with the attendance of at least half plus one of its members, provided that the member representing the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare is present. Decisions of the Governing Board shall be made by a majority of votes of those attending its sessions; in the event of a tie, the President shall have the casting vote.
For the performance of each and every one of the obligations of the Agency established in this Law, the Governing Board shall meet with the frequency indicated in the Organic Statute, which may not be less than four times a year.
The Governing Board may resolve to carry out all the operations inherent to the purpose of the entity subject to the provisions of this Law and, except for the powers referred to in Article 58 of the Federal Law of Parastatal Entities, may discretionally delegate its powers to the Director General.
The Governing Board shall have the following non-delegable powers:
I. To establish, consistent with the sectoral programs, the general policies and define the priorities to which the Agency must be subject regarding the provision of the public services that correspond to it under this Law, on productivity, finance, research, technological development and general administration;
II. To approve the programs and budgets of the Agency, as well as their modifications, under the applicable legislation. With respect to budgets and financial programs, except for those included in the Annual Federal Expenditure Budget, the approval of the Governing Board itself shall suffice;
III. To issue the general rules or bases under which, when necessary, the Director General may dispose of the fixed assets of the entity that do not correspond to the operations proper to its purpose;
IV. To approve annually, after the report of the statutory examiners and the opinion of the external auditors, the financial statements of the Agency and authorize their publication;
V. To approve the basic organizational structure of the Agency and the appropriate modifications thereto. To approve, where applicable, the organic statute of the agency, under the following criteria:
a) The basic structure of the Agency must provide for the installation and operation of its Delegations in all the states, except in Mexico City, since its Headquarters and principal legal domicile are established in that city;
b) It must have sufficient and adequate personnel, as well as a Specialized Advisory Office for workers to assist them in conciliation;
VI. To appoint and remove, at the proposal of the Director General, the public servants of the agency who hold positions in the two administrative ranks below that of the Director General, and to approve the setting of their salaries and benefits, in accordance with the corresponding legal, budgetary and administrative provisions;
VII. To appoint and remove, at the proposal of its President, from among persons outside the entity, the Secretary, who may or may not be a member of the Board; as well as to appoint or remove, at the proposal of the Director General of the entity, the Pro-Secretary of the aforementioned Board of Directors, who may or may not be a member of that body or of the entity;
VIII. To analyze and approve, where applicable, the periodic reports rendered by the Director General with the corresponding participation of the Statutory Examiners, and
IX. Such other powers as are expressly established in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-D
La Junta de Gobierno del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral estará conformada por:
a) El titular de la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social como miembro propietario o su suplente, quien fungirá como Presidente de dicha Junta de Gobierno;
b) El titular de la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público como miembro propietario o su suplente;
c) El titular del Instituto Nacional de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Protección de Datos Personales como miembro propietario o su suplente;
d) El Presidente del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía como miembro propietario o su suplente, y
e) El Presidente del Instituto Nacional Electoral como miembro propietario o su suplente.
Los suplentes serán designados por los miembros propietarios y deberán tener una jerarquía inmediata inferior a dichos propietarios en la dependencia u organismo público de que se trate.
Sesionará válidamente con la asistencia de por lo menos la mitad más uno de sus miembros y siempre que se encuentre presente el que represente a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social. Las decisiones de la Junta de Gobierno se tomarán por mayoría de votos de quienes concurran a sus sesiones, en caso de empate el Presidente tendrá voto de calidad.
Para el cumplimiento de todas y cada una de las obligaciones a cargo del Organismo establecidas en esta Ley, la Junta de Gobierno se reunirá con la periodicidad que se señale en el Estatuto orgánico sin que pueda ser menor de cuatro veces al año.
La Junta de Gobierno podrá acordar la realización de todas las operaciones inherentes al objeto de la entidad con sujeción a las disposiciones de esta Ley, y salvo aquellas facultades a que se contrae el artículo 58 de la Ley Federal de Entidades Paraestatales, podrá delegar discrecionalmente sus facultades en el Director General.
La Junta de Gobierno tendrá las siguientes atribuciones indelegables:
I. Establecer en congruencia con los programas sectoriales, las políticas generales y definir las prioridades a las que deberá sujetarse el Organismo relativas a la prestación de los servicios públicos que le corresponden en los términos de la presente Ley, sobre productividad, finanzas, investigación, desarrollo tecnológico y administración general;
II. Aprobar los programas y presupuestos del Organismo, así como sus modificaciones, en los términos de la legislación aplicable. En lo tocante a los presupuestos y a los programas financieros, con excepción de aquellos incluidos en el Presupuesto de Egresos Anual de la Federación, bastará con la aprobación de la propia Junta de Gobierno;
III. Expedir las normas o bases generales con arreglo a las cuales, cuando fuere necesario, el Director General pueda disponer de los activos fijos de la entidad que no correspondan a las operaciones propias del objeto de la misma;
IV. Aprobar anualmente previo informe de los comisarios, y dictamen de los auditores externos, los estados financieros del Organismo y autorizar la publicación de los mismos;
V. Aprobar la estructura básica de la organización del Organismo, y las modificaciones que procedan a la misma. Aprobar en su caso, el estatuto orgánico de dicho organismo, bajo los siguientes criterios:
a) En la estructura básica del Organismo, deberá contemplar la instalación y funcionamiento de las Delegaciones del mismo en todas las entidades federativas, excepto en la Ciudad de México, en razón de que tiene establecida su Matriz y domicilio legal principal en dicha ciudad;
b) Deberá contar con el personal suficiente y adecuado, así como de una Oficina Especializada de Asesoría a los o las trabajadoras para que los asista en la conciliación;
VI. Nombrar y remover a propuesta del Director General, a los servidores públicos del organismo que ocupen cargos con las dos jerarquías administrativas inferiores a la de aquél, aprobar la fijación de sus sueldos y prestaciones, conforme a las disposiciones legales, presupuestales y administrativas correspondientes;
VII. Nombrar y remover a propuesta de su Presidente, entre personas ajenas a la entidad, al Secretario quien podrá ser miembro o no del mismo; así como designar o remover a propuesta del Director General de la entidad al Prosecretario de la citada Junta Directiva, quien podrá ser o no miembro de dicho órgano o de la entidad;
VIII. Analizar y aprobar en su caso, los informes periódicos que rinda el Director General con la intervención que corresponda a los Comisarios, y
IX. Las demás facultades expresamente establecidas en la presente Ley.
CAPITULO IX TER / De los Centros de Conciliación de las Entidades Federativas y de la Ciudad de México
The local Conciliation Centers have the following powers:
I. To perform in local matters the conciliation function referred to in the second paragraph of section XX of Article 123 of the Constitution;
II. To implement the Professional Career Service referred to in item three of Article 590-A;
III. To train and professionalize it so that it performs the conciliation functions referred to in the preceding paragraph, and
IV. Such others as derive from this Law and its applicable regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-E
Corresponde a los Centros de Conciliación locales las siguientes atribuciones:
I. Realizar en materia local la función conciliadora a la que se refiere el párrafo segundo de la fracción XX del artículo 123 constitucional;
II. Poner en práctica el Servicio Profesional de Carrera a que se refiere el numeral tres del artículo 590-A;
III. Capacitar y profesionalizarlo para que realice las funciones conciliadoras referidas en el párrafo anterior, y
IV. Las demás que de esta Ley y su normatividad aplicable se deriven.
The Conciliation Centers of the states (federal entities) and of Mexico City, in charge of conciliation prior to the judicial complaint at the local level, established in Part A of Article 123, section XX, second paragraph of the Constitution, shall be formed and shall operate under the terms determined by local laws, based on the following guidelines:
Each Conciliation Center shall be constituted as a Decentralized Public Agency of the respective state, which shall have the number of delegations deemed necessary to establish and shall have their own legal personality and assets, as well as full technical, operational, budgetary, decision-making and management autonomy.
They shall be competent to conduct the conciliation procedure to which workers and employers must resort before filing a complaint before the Courts, as established in the second paragraph of section XX of Article 123, Part A, of the Constitution.
In their actions, they shall be governed by the principles of certainty, independence, legality, impartiality, equality, reliability, effectiveness, objectivity, professionalism, transparency and publicity. Their formation and operation shall be determined in their organic statute and respective regulations, issued by the Legislative Branch of the respective state or of Mexico City, as applicable.
Each Center shall have a Governing Body composed of the heads of the agencies or public bodies indicated by local legislation, which shall safeguard the full exercise of technical, operational, budgetary, decision-making and management autonomy.
The conciliation it provides must conform to the procedure provided for in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 590-F
Los Centros de Conciliación de las Entidades Federativas y de la Ciudad de México, encargados de la conciliación previa a la demanda jurisdiccional en el orden local, establecidos en el apartado A del artículo 123, fracción XX, párrafo segundo de la Constitución, se integrarán y funcionarán en los términos que determinen las leyes locales, con base a los siguientes lineamientos:
Cada Centro de Conciliación se constituirá como Organismo Público Descentralizado de la respectiva Entidad Federativa, los cuales tendrán el número de delegaciones que se considere necesario constituir y contarán con personalidad jurídica y patrimonio propio, así como plena autonomía técnica, operativa, presupuestaria, de decisión y de gestión.
Serán competentes para substanciar el procedimiento de la conciliación a la que deberán acudir los trabajadores y patrones, antes de presentar demanda ante los Tribunales, conforme lo establece el párrafo segundo de la fracción XX del artículo 123, apartado A, de la Constitución.
En su actuación se regirán por los principios de certeza, independencia, legalidad, imparcialidad, igualdad, confiabilidad, eficacia, objetividad, profesionalismo, transparencia y publicidad. Su integración y funcionamiento se determinará en su estatuto orgánico y su respectiva reglamentación, emitidos por el Poder Legislativo de la respectiva Entidad Federativa o de la Ciudad de México, según corresponda.
Cada Centro tendrá un Órgano de Gobierno integrado por los titulares de las dependencias u organismos públicos que señalen las legislaciones locales y que salvaguarden el ejercicio pleno de la autonomía técnica, operativa, presupuestaria, de decisión y de gestión.
La conciliación que imparta deberá ajustarse al procedimiento contemplado en la presente Ley.
CAPITULO X / Juntas federales de conciliación
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 591
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 592
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 593
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 594
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 595
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 596
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 597
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 598
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 599
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 600
(Se deroga).
CAPITULO XI / Juntas locales de conciliación
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 601
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 602
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 603
(Se deroga).
CAPITULO XII / De la Competencia de los Tribunales
The Courts of the Federal Judiciary or the Courts of the states (federal entities) are responsible for hearing and resolving the labor disputes that arise between workers and employers, only between the former or only between the latter, deriving from employment relationships or from facts related to them.
In their actions, judges and instructing clerks shall observe the principles of legality, impartiality, transparency, autonomy and independence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 604
Corresponden a los Tribunales del Poder Judicial de la Federación o de los Tribunales de las entidades federativas, el conocimiento y la resolución de los conflictos de Trabajo que se susciten entre trabajadores y patrones, sólo entre aquellos o sólo entre éstos, derivado de las relaciones de trabajo o de hechos relacionados con ellas.
En su actuación, los jueces y secretarios instructores deberán observar los principios de legalidad, imparcialidad, transparencia, autonomía e independencia.
The federal Courts and those of the states and of Mexico City shall each be in the charge of a judge and shall have the clerks, officials and employees deemed advisable, determined and appointed in accordance with the Organic Law of the Federal Judiciary or the Organic Law of the Local Judiciary, as applicable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 605
Los Tribunales federales, de las entidades federativas y de la Ciudad de México, estarán a cargo cada uno, de un juez y contarán con los secretarios, funcionarios y empleados que se juzgue conveniente, determinados y designados de conformidad con la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial de la Federación o de la Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial Local según corresponda.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 605 Bis
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 606
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 607
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 608
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 609
Se deroga.
During the processing of proceedings and until the close of the pre-trial stage, the judge in charge of the Court must be present during the hearings. The judge may be assisted by an instructing clerk to issue the orders relating to the written stage of the procedure, up to before the preliminary hearing, who must verify and, where applicable, certify that personal service of notice was duly carried out.
I. (Repealed.)
II. (Repealed.)
III. (Repealed.)
IV. (Repealed.)
V. (Repealed.)
VI. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 610
Durante la tramitación de los juicios y hasta el cierre de su instrucción, el juez a cargo del Tribunal deberá estar presente en el desarrollo de las audiencias. Podrá auxiliarse de un secretario instructor para dictar los acuerdos relativos a la etapa escrita del procedimiento, hasta antes de la audiencia preliminar, quien deberá verificar y, en su caso, certificar que las notificaciones personales se practicaron debidamente.
I. Se deroga.
II. Se deroga.
III. Se deroga.
IV. Se deroga.
V. Se deroga.
VI. Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 611
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 612
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 613
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 614
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 615
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 616
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 617
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 618
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 619
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 620
Se deroga.
CAPITULO XIII / Juntas locales de conciliación y arbitraje
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 621
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 622
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 623
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 624
Se deroga.
TITULO DOCE / Personal Jurídico de las Juntas de Conciliación y Arbitraje
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 625
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 626
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 627
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 627-A
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 627-B
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 627-C
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 628
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 629
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 630
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 631
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 632
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 633
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 634
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 635
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 636
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 637
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 638
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 639
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 640
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 641
Se deroga.
The following are special offenses of conciliation officials:
I. Hearing a matter in which they are disqualified in accordance with the provisions of this Law;
II. Failing to be present at the conciliation hearings assigned to them or at any stage of the proceeding, when the Board or any of its members deem the conciliation function necessary, except for justified cause;
III. Failing to attend to the parties in a timely manner and with due consideration;
IV. Unjustifiably delaying the conciliation of a matter;
V. Failing to inform the Conciliation and Arbitration Boards to which they are assigned of the results achieved in the conciliation hearings entrusted to them, with the frequency those Boards determine;
VI. Failing to report to the Conciliation and Arbitration Boards to which they are assigned on the settlement agreements reached by the parties for purposes of their approval, when appropriate; and
VII. Such others as the Laws establish.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 641-A
Son faltas especiales de los funcionarios conciliadores:
I. Conocer de un negocio para el que se encuentren impedidos de conformidad con las disposiciones de esta Ley;
II. No estar presentes en las audiencias de conciliación que se les asignen o en cualquier etapa del juicio, cuando la Junta o cualquiera de sus integrantes consideren necesaria la función conciliatoria, salvo causa justificada;
III. No atender a las partes oportunamente y con la debida consideración;
IV. Retardar la conciliación de un negocio injustificadamente;
V. No informar a las Juntas de Conciliación y Arbitraje a que se encuentren adscritos respecto de los resultados logrados en las audiencias de conciliación que se les encomienden, con la periodicidad que ellas determinen;
VI. No dar cuenta a las Juntas de Conciliación y Arbitraje de su adscripción sobre los convenios a que hubieren llegado las partes para efectos de su aprobación, cuando proceda; y
VII. Las demás que establezcan las Leyes.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 642
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 643
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 644
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 645
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 646
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 647
Se deroga.
TITULO TRECE / Representantes de los Trabajadores y de los Patrones / CAPITULO I / De los procedimientos de designación de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones
The representatives of the workers and of the employers before the National Minimum Wage Commission shall be elected in conventions, which shall be organized and shall operate every four years in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 648
Los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones ante la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos serán elegidos en convenciones, que se organizarán y funcionarán cada cuatro años de conformidad con las disposiciones de este capítulo.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 649
Se deroga.
The Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare shall publish in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) and in the newspapers of widest circulation the call for the election of representatives.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 650
El Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, publicará en el Diario Oficial de la Federación y en los periódicos de mayor circulación, la convocatoria para la elección de representantes.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 651
Se deroga.
The representatives of the workers shall be elected in the conventions by the delegates previously appointed, in accordance with the following rules:
I. The following are entitled to appoint delegates to the conventions:
a) Duly registered workers' labor unions.
b) Free workers who have provided services to an employer for a period of not less than six months during the year prior to the date of the call, when there are no registered labor unions;
II. Workers registered in the labor unions shall be considered members thereof when:
a) They are providing services to an employer.
b) They have provided services to an employer for a period of six months during the year prior to the date of the call;
III. The free workers referred to in section I, subsection b), shall appoint one delegate in each company or establishment; and
IV. The credentials of the delegates shall be issued by the leadership of the labor unions or by the one appointed by the free workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 652
Los representantes de los trabajadores serán elegidos en las convenciones por los delegados que previamente se designen, de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. Tienen derecho a designar delegados a las convenciones:
a) Los sindicatos de trabajadores debidamente registrados.
b) Los trabajadores libres que hubiesen prestado servicios a un patrón, por un período no menor de seis meses durante el año anterior a la fecha de la convocatoria, cuando no existan sindicatos registrados;
II. Serán considerados miembros de los sindicatos los trabajadores registrados en los mismos, cuando:
a) Estén prestando servicios a un patrón.
b) Hubiesen prestado servicios a un patrón por un período de seis meses durante el año anterior a la fecha de la convocatoria;
III. Los trabajadores libres a que se refiere la fracción I, inciso b), designarán un delegado en cada empresa o establecimiento; y
IV. Las credenciales de los delegados serán extendidas por la directiva de los sindicatos o por la que designen los trabajadores libres.
The representatives of the employers shall be appointed in the conventions by the employers themselves or by their delegates, in accordance with the following rules:
I. The following are entitled to participate in the election:
a) Duly registered employers' unions whose members have workers in their service.
b) Independent employers who have workers in their service;
II. Employers' unions shall appoint one delegate;
III. Independent employers may attend the convention personally or be represented by means of a proxy letter signed by two witnesses and certified by the Labor Inspector; and
IV. The credentials of the delegates shall be issued by the leadership of the unions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 653
Los representantes de los patrones serán designados en las convenciones por los mismos patrones o por sus delegados, de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. Tienen derecho a participar en la elección:
a) Los sindicatos de patrones debidamente registrados, cuyos miembros tengan trabajadores a su servicio.
b) Los patrones independientes que tengan trabajadores a su servicio;
II. Los sindicatos de patrones designarán un delegado;
III. Los patrones independientes podrán concurrir personalmente a la convención o hacerse representar mediante carta poder suscrita por dos testigos y certificada por el Inspector del Trabajo; y
IV. Las credenciales de los delegados serán extendidas por la directiva de los sindicatos.
For the purposes of the preceding articles, workers and employers shall prepare the following rolls:
I. Workers' labor unions shall prepare the roll of their members who meet the requirements of Article 652, section I, subsection a);
II. Free workers shall prepare the roll of the workers who participate in the appointment of the delegate;
III. Employers' unions shall prepare the rolls of the workers in the service of their members; and
IV. Independent employers shall prepare the rolls of their workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 654
Para los efectos de los artículos precedentes, los trabajadores y patrones formarán los padrones siguientes:
I. Los sindicatos de trabajadores formarán el padrón de sus miembros que satisfagan los requisitos del artículo 652, fracción I, inciso a);
II. Los trabajadores libres formarán el padrón de los trabajadores que participen en la designación del delegado;
III. Los sindicatos de patrones formarán los padrones de los trabajadores al servicio de sus miembros; y
IV. Los patrones independientes formarán los padrones de sus trabajadores.
The rolls shall contain the following data:
I. Names and domiciles of the workers' and employers' unions;
II. Names, nationality, age, sex and company or establishment in which they provide their services; and
III. Names of the employer or employers, domicile and branch of industry or activity in which they are engaged.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 655
Los padrones contendrán los datos siguientes:
I. Denominaciones y domicilios de los sindicatos de trabajadores y de patrones;
II. Nombres, nacionalidad, edad, sexo y empresa o establecimiento en que presten sus servicios; y
III. Nombres del patrón o patrones, domicilio y rama de la industria o actividad a que se dediquen.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 656
Se deroga.
Labor Inspectors shall verify and certify the accuracy of the rolls.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 657
Los Inspectores del Trabajo comprobarán y certificarán la exactitud de los padrones.
The credentials must be registered with the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) or with the Labor Directorates or Departments of the states (federal entities), in accordance with the provisions of Article 678 of this Law.
The registering authority shall certify, in view of the data of the Labor Inspector, the number of votes corresponding to each credential.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 658
Las credenciales deberán registrarse ante la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social o ante las Direcciones o Departamentos del Trabajo de las Entidades Federativas, conforme a lo dispuesto en el artículo 678 de esta Ley.
La autoridad registradora certificará, con vista de los datos del Inspector del Trabajo, el número de votos que corresponda a cada credencial.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 659
Se deroga.
In the operation of the conventions, the following rules shall be observed:
I. For each branch of economic activity that must be represented, one workers' convention and one employers' convention shall be held;
II. The delegates and the independent employers shall appear at the conventions provided with their credentials;
III. The conventions shall operate with the number of delegates and independent employers in attendance;
IV. The delegates and the independent employers shall have in the conventions a number of votes equal to the number of workers certified in their credentials;
V. The conventions shall be installed by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare or by the person he or she designates;
VI. Once the convention has been installed, the credentials shall be registered and the presiding committee shall be elected, which shall be composed of a President, two Secretaries and two Members. The delegates and the independent employers whose credentials have been registered shall take part in the election, with the number of votes corresponding to them. The count shall be made by two of the persons in attendance, specially appointed;
VII. Once the Presiding Committee has been installed, the credentials shall be reviewed by reading them aloud. The conventions may only reject those that do not meet the requirements set forth in Articles 652 and 653, or when it is proven that the electors do not belong to the branch of industry or of the activities represented in the convention;
VIII. Once the credentials have been approved, the representatives shall be elected by a majority of votes. One alternate shall be elected for each regular representative; and
IX. Once the election has concluded, minutes shall be drawn up; one copy shall be sent to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare, and two shall be delivered to the elected representatives, regular or alternate, so that they may serve as their credential.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 660
En el funcionamiento de las convenciones se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Por cada rama de actividad económica que deba estar representada, se celebrará una convención de trabajadores y otra de patrones;
II. Los delegados y los patrones independientes se presentarán en las convenciones, provistos de sus credenciales;
III. Las convenciones funcionarán con el número de delegados y patrones independientes que concurran;
IV. Los delegados y los patrones independientes, tendrán en las convenciones un número de votos igual al de los trabajadores que aparezca certificado en sus credenciales;
V. Las convenciones serán instaladas por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social o por la persona que éste designe;
VI. Instalada la convención, se procederá al registro de credenciales y a la elección de la mesa directiva, que se integrará con un Presidente, dos Secretarios y dos Vocales. Tomarán parte en la elección, con el número de votos que les corresponda, los delegados y los patrones independientes cuyas credenciales hubiesen quedado registradas. El cómputo se hará por dos de las personas asistentes, designadas especialmente;
VII. Instalada la Mesa Directiva, se procederá a la revisión de las credenciales, dándoles lectura en voz alta. Las convenciones sólo podrán desechar las que no reúnan los requisitos señalados en los artículo 652 y 653, o cuando se compruebe que los electores no pertenecen a la rama de la industria o de las actividades representadas en la convención;
VIII. Aprobadas las credenciales se procederá a la elección de los representantes, por mayoría de votos. Por cada propietario se elegirá un suplente; y
IX. Concluida la elección, se levantará un acta; un ejemplar se remitirá a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, y dos se entregarán a los representantes electos, propietario o suplente, a fin de que les sirvan de credencial.
If no delegate or independent employer attends the convention or the convention does not elect representatives, the interested parties shall be deemed to delegate the power to the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 661
Si ningún delegado o patrón independiente concurre a la convención o ésta no hace la elección de representantes, se entenderá que los interesados delegan la facultad en el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
The elected representatives, provided with their credentials, shall forthwith present themselves to the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 662
Los representantes electos, provistos de sus credenciales, se presentarán desde luego a la Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 663
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 664
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 665
Se deroga.
The representatives shall receive the remuneration assigned to them by the federal budget.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 666
Los representantes percibirán las retribuciones que les asigne el presupuesto federal.
The representatives of the workers and of the employers shall hold office for four years.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 667
Los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones durarán en su encargo cuatro años.
The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall hear the resignations of the representatives, accepting or rejecting them, after assessing the cause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 668
La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, conocerá de las renuncias de los representantes, aceptándolas o desechándolas, previa calificación de la causa.
The office of representative is revocable in accordance with the following rules:
I. Revocation may be requested by two thirds of the workers of the branches of industry or activities represented in the Commissions or by the employers who have that majority of workers in their service;
II. The request shall be submitted to the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare;
III. The authority receiving the request, after verifying the majority requirement, shall make the corresponding declaration and shall call the alternate to take the legal oath; and
IV. In the absence of an alternate or when the revocation of the appointment affects the alternate, the names of the substitutes must be indicated when the request for revocation is made.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 669
El cargo de representante es revocable de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. Podrán solicitar la revocación las dos terceras partes de los trabajadores de las ramas de la industria o actividades representadas en las Comisiones o los patrones que tengan a su servicio dicha mayoría de trabajadores;
II. La solicitud se presentará al Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social;
III. La autoridad que reciba la solicitud, después de verificar el requisito de la mayoría, hará la declaratoria correspondiente y llamará al suplente, a fin de que rinda la protesta legal; y
IV. A falta de suplente o cuando la revocación del nombramiento le afecte, al hacerse la solicitud de revocación, deberán señalarse los nombres de los substitutos.
Temporary or permanent absences of the representatives shall be covered by the alternates. In their absence, the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare shall appoint the substitute, who must be a worker or an employer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 670
Las faltas temporales o definitivas de los representantes serán cubiertas por los suplentes. A falta de éstos, el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, hará la designación del substituto, que deberá recaer en un trabajador o patrón.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 671
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 672
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 673
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 674
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 675
Se deroga.
CAPITULO II / Representantes de los Trabajadores y de los Patrones en la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos y en las Comisiones Consultivas
The provisions contained in the preceding Chapter apply to the election of representatives of the workers and of the employers in the National Minimum Wage Commission, with the particularities of the following Articles.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 676
Son aplicables a la elección de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones en la Comisión Nacional de los Salarios Mínimos, las disposiciones contenidas en el Capítulo anterior, con las modalidades de los Artículos siguientes.
On the fifteenth day of May of the corresponding odd-numbered year, the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare shall call on workers and employers to elect their representatives.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 677
El día quince de mayo del año impar que corresponda, el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social convocará a los trabajadores y patrones para la elección de sus representantes.
The call shall contain:
I. The determination of the number of representatives to be elected to form the National Commission, in accordance with the provisions of Article 554, Section II;
II. The distribution of the number of representatives determined among the various economic activities according to their importance;
III. The authorities before which the rolls and credentials must be submitted;
IV. The place and date for the submission of the documents referred to in the preceding section; and
V. The premises and the time at which the conventions are to be held.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 678
La convocatoria contendrá:
I. La determinación del número de representantes que deba elegirse para integrar la Comisión Nacional, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el Artículo 554 Fracción II;
II. La distribución del número de representantes que se haya determinado entre las distintas actividades económicas según su importancia;
III. Las autoridades ante las que deban presentarse los padrones y credenciales;
IV. El lugar y la fecha de presentación de los documentos a que se refiere la fracción anterior; y
V. El local y la hora en que deban celebrarse las convenciones.
The Conventions shall be held on the 25th day of the month of June of the corresponding odd-numbered year, in the Capital of the Republic.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 679
Las Convenciones se celebrarán el día 25 del mes de junio del año impar que corresponda, en la Capital de la República.
For the election of representatives in the National Commission, one workers' Convention and one employers' Convention shall be held for each of the groups into which the branches of industry and the economic activities have been distributed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 680
Para la elección de representantes en la Comisión Nacional se celebrarán una Convención de trabajadores y otra de patrones por cada uno de los grupos en que se hubiesen distribuido las ramas de la industria y las actividades económicas.
Workers' and employers' unions and independent employers are entitled to participate in the election. The representatives before the National Commission shall be elected by all the unionized workers and employers of the Republic entitled to vote.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 681
Tienen derecho a participar en la elección los sindicatos de trabajadores y de patrones y los patrones independientes. Los representantes ante la Comisión Nacional serán elegidos por la totalidad de los trabajadores sindicalizados y patrones de la República con derecho a voto.
The Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare may delegate to the authorities of the states (federal entities), in whole or in part, the powers that correspond to him or her in the certification of rolls and credentials and in the operation of the conventions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 682
El Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social podrá delegar en las autoridades de las Entidades Federativas, total o parcialmente, las atribuciones que le corresponden en la certificación de padrones y credenciales y en el funcionamiento de las convenciones.
The advisory Commissions shall be created by resolution of the Council of Representatives of the National Commission, which shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) and shall contain:
I. The subject matter of the Advisory Commission;
II. The duration of its work;
III. The number of representatives of the workers and of the employers before the Advisory Commission, who shall be appointed by the representatives of the workers and of the employers before the National Commission;
IV. The term for the appointment of representatives, the requirements they must meet in each case and the place determined for the notification of the appointments; and
V. The place and date on which the work of the Advisory Commission shall formally begin.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 682-A
Las Comisiones consultivas serán creadas por resolución del Consejo de Representantes de la Comisión Nacional, que será publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación y contendrá:
I. La materia objeto de la Comisión Consultiva;
II. La duración de sus trabajos;
III. El número de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones ante la Comisión Consultiva, los que serán designados por los representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones ante la Comisión Nacional;
IV. El término para la designación de representantes, los requisitos que deberán cumplir en cada caso y el lugar que se determine para la notificación de las designaciones; y
V. El lugar y fecha en el que se iniciarán formalmente los trabajos de la Comisión Consultiva.
CAPITULO III / Representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones en la comisión nacional para la participación de los trabajadores en las utilidades de las empresas
In the election of representatives of the workers and of the employers in the National Commission for Employee Profit Sharing in Enterprises, the provisions contained in the two preceding chapters shall be observed, with the particularity of the following article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 683
En la elección de representantes de los trabajadores y de los patrones en la Comisión Nacional para la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas, se observarán las disposiciones contenidas en los dos capítulos anteriores, con la modalidad del artículo siguiente.
The call for the determination or revision of the profit percentage shall contain:
I. The determination of the number of representatives to be elected to form the Commission, in accordance with the provisions of Article 579, section II, as well as the distribution of the branches of industry and of the activities, according to their importance, among the number of representatives determined;
II. The place and date for the submission of the rolls and credentials; and
III. The place, date and time at which the conventions are to be held.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684
La convocatoria para la determinación o revisión del porcentaje de utilidades, contendrá:
I. La determinación del número de representantes que deba elegirse para integrar la Comisión, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 579, fracción II, así como la distribución de las ramas de la industria y de las actividades, según su importancia, entre el número de representantes que se hubiese determinado;
II. El lugar y la fecha de presentación de los padrones y credenciales; y
III. El lugar, fecha y hora en que deban celebrarse las convenciones.
TÍTULO TRECE BIS / CAPITULO I / Del Procedimiento de Conciliación Prejudicial
The provisions of this Title govern the processing of the conciliation stage prior to that of disputes before the Courts, unless they have special processing under this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-A
Las disposiciones de este Título rigen la tramitación de la instancia conciliatoria previa a la de los conflictos ante los Tribunales, salvo que tengan una tramitación especial en esta Ley.
Before going to the Courts, workers and employers must attend the corresponding Conciliation Center to request the commencement of the conciliation procedure, except for those cases that are exempted from exhausting it, as provided in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-B
Antes de acudir a los Tribunales, los trabajadores y patrones deberán asistir al Centro de Conciliación correspondiente para solicitar el inicio del procedimiento de conciliación, con excepción de aquellos supuestos que están eximidos de agotarla, conforme a lo previsto en esta Ley.
The request for conciliation must contain the following data:
I. Name, CURP, official identification of the requester and domicile within the place of residence of the Conciliation Center to which the requester comes, for receiving service of notice in the pre-judicial conciliation procedure; the Center shall provide the means and the trained personnel in order to assign an electronic mailbox to the requester. If the requester does not have official identification, he or she may be identified by other means available to the Center;
II. Name of the person, labor union or company that will be summoned for pre-judicial conciliation;
III. Domicile for serving notice on the person, labor union or company that will be summoned, and
IV. Purpose of the summons to the counterparty.
If the requester is the worker and does not know the name of his or her employer or of the company with respect to which conciliation is requested, it shall suffice to indicate the domicile where he or she provided his or her services.
The elements contributed by the parties may not constitute evidence or indication in any administrative or judicial procedure. The information provided by the parties in the conciliation procedure may not be communicated to any person or authority, except for the certificate of non-conciliation and, where applicable, the conciliation agreement entered into, in which case the Conciliation Center must send electronically to the corresponding Court the aforementioned documents, which must contain the names and domiciles provided by the parties, together with the records relating to the service of notice on the summoned party carried out by the Conciliation Authority and the electronic mailboxes assigned.
The processing of the data provided by the interested parties shall be subject to the General Law on the Protection of Personal Data Held by Obligated Parties and the General Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information.
The requester shall be notified of the date and time for holding the conciliation hearing or of the order declaring lack of jurisdiction at the time of filing the request. To expedite the conciliation procedure, the requester may assist the Conciliation Center in serving notice of the conciliation hearing on the person, labor union or company that will be summoned.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-C
La solicitud de conciliación deberá contener los siguientes datos:
I. Nombre, CURP, identificación oficial del solicitante y domicilio dentro del lugar de residencia del Centro de Conciliación al que acuda, para recibir notificaciones en el procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial; el Centro facilitará los elementos y el personal capacitado a fin de asignarle un buzón electrónico al solicitante. En caso de que el solicitante no cuente con identificación oficial, podrá ser identificado por otros medios de que disponga el Centro;
II. Nombre de la persona, sindicato o empresa a quien se citará para la conciliación prejudicial;
III. Domicilio para notificar a la persona, sindicato o empresa a quien se citará, y
IV. Objeto de la cita a la contraparte.
Si el solicitante es el trabajador e ignora el nombre de su patrón o empresa de la cual se solicita la conciliación, bastará con señalar el domicilio donde prestó sus servicios.
Los elementos aportados por las partes no podrán constituir prueba o indicio en ningún procedimiento administrativo o judicial. La información aportada por las partes en el procedimiento de conciliación, no podrá comunicarse a persona o autoridad alguna, a excepción de la constancia de no conciliación y, en su caso, el convenio de conciliación que se celebre, en cuyo supuesto el Centro de Conciliación deberá remitir en forma electrónica al Tribunal que corresponda los documentos referidos, mismos que deberán contener los nombres y domicilios aportados por las partes, acompañando las constancias relativas a la notificación de la parte citada que haya realizado la Autoridad Conciliadora y los buzones electrónicos asignados.
El tratamiento de los datos proporcionados por los interesados estará sujeto a la Ley General de Protección de Datos Personales en Posesión de Sujetos Obligados y a la Ley General de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información Pública.
El solicitante será notificado de la fecha y hora para la celebración de la audiencia de conciliación o del acuerdo de incompetencia, al momento de presentar su solicitud. Para agilizar el procedimiento de conciliación, el solicitante podrá auxiliar al Centro de Conciliación para llevar a cabo la notificación de la audiencia de conciliación a la persona, sindicato o empresa que se citará.
The conciliation procedure referred to in this title shall not exceed forty-five calendar days. The Conciliation Authority shall take the appropriate measures to ensure that its actions conform to that term.
In order for the personnel in charge of serving notices to act with efficiency, effectiveness and impartiality in the performance of their functions, the Conciliation Authority shall define notification routes based on the location and geographic proximity of the domiciles they must visit, as well as in accordance with the urgency of the notices to be served; the routes shall be assigned daily and at random.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-D
El procedimiento de conciliación a que se refiere el presente título no deberá exceder de cuarenta y cinco días naturales. La Autoridad Conciliadora tomará las medidas conducentes para que sus actuaciones se ajusten a dicho plazo.
A efecto de que el personal encargado de realizar las notificaciones, actúe con eficiencia, eficacia e imparcialidad en el desempeño de sus funciones, la Autoridad Conciliadora definirá rutas de notificación con base en la ubicación y proximidad geográfica de los domicilios a los que deberán acudir, así como acorde con la urgencia de las notificaciones a efectuar; la asignación de las rutas se hará diariamente y de forma aleatoria.
The conciliation procedure shall be processed in accordance with the following rules:
I. It shall commence with the filing of the request for conciliation before the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) or the corresponding local Conciliation Center, signed by the requester, to which a copy of the official identification referred to in section I of Article 684-C shall be attached; in the case of companies or labor unions, it shall be signed by their legal representative;
II. The Conciliation Centers may receive requests for conciliation through the personal appearance of the interested parties, in a duly signed writing or, where applicable, electronically through the computer system implemented for that purpose;
III. The Conciliation Centers shall assist the interested parties who so request in preparing their petition. They must provide free legal advice on their rights and the limitation periods applicable to them, as well as on the conciliation and judicial procedures for resolving labor disputes;
IV. Upon receiving the request, the conciliation authority shall set a day and time for holding a Conciliation Hearing, which must take place within the following fifteen days. The summons shall be served personally on the employer at least five days before the hearing, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if the employer fails to appear personally or through its legal representative, or through an attorney-in-fact with sufficient powers, a fine of between 50 and 100 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA) shall be imposed and it shall be deemed to object to any conciliation arrangement;
V. Upon receiving the request for conciliation, the conciliation authority shall assign a unique identification number and an electronic mailbox to the interested party, which shall be created for communications relating to the pre-judicial conciliation procedure. Finally, it shall assign a conciliation room by rotation.
If it lacks jurisdiction, the Conciliation Authority must send the request electronically to the competent Conciliation Center within the twenty-four hours following receipt of the request, of which it must notify the requester so that he or she may go before that Center to continue the procedure. The Conciliation Authority shall rule on standing in the case of requests from legal entities;
VI. If the request for conciliation is filed personally by both parties, the conciliation authority shall immediately notify them of the date and time of the conciliation hearing, which must be held within a maximum term of five days from the date of filing of the request, without prejudice to its being held at that moment;
VII. The worker requesting the conciliation stage must attend the hearing personally. The worker may be accompanied by a person of his or her trust, but that person shall not be recognized as attorney-in-fact, since this is a conciliation procedure and not a proceeding; nevertheless, the worker may also be assisted by a law graduate, lawyer or a Labor Defense Attorney. The employer must attend personally or through a representative with sufficient powers to bind it;
VIII. If the parties attend the hearing, the Conciliation Authority must require them to identify themselves with any official document and, where applicable, verify that the person appearing on behalf of the legal entity proves his or her standing.
The summoned party shall also be assigned an electronic mailbox to receive service of notice in the pre-judicial conciliation procedure; once the foregoing has been done, the Conciliation Authority shall formulate a proposal on the content and scope of a conciliation arrangement, presenting fair and equitable settlement options that in its opinion are adequate to end the dispute; if the parties agree, they shall enter into a written settlement agreement, which must be ratified at that time, and an authorized copy thereof shall be delivered.
If no agreement is reached, the Conciliation Authority shall issue the certificate of having exhausted the mandatory pre-judicial conciliation stage. Nevertheless, the parties, by mutual agreement, may request that a new conciliation hearing be set, which must be held within the following five days;
IX. When one or both parties fail to appear at the conciliation hearing for justified cause, despite having been duly served, a new date and time shall be set for holding the hearing, which must take place within the following five days. The party who attends shall be notified at that time; the counterparty who does not attend shall be notified through the Center's bulletin and, where applicable, through the electronic mailbox;
X. If only the requester appears at the conciliation hearing, the conciliation authority shall issue the certificate of having exhausted the mandatory pre-judicial conciliation stage. If only the summoned party appears, the case file shall be closed for lack of interest of the requester. In both cases, the limitation periods shall resume as of the day following the date of the hearing, without prejudice to the worker's rights to request conciliation again;
XI. If the server of notice has not managed to serve the person, company or labor union to be summoned, despite having attempted to do so, the Conciliation Authority shall terminate the stage and issue a certificate preserving the rights of the requester of conciliation to bring a proceeding before the competent Court;
XII. When the request for conciliation states the existence of sexual harassment, discrimination or other acts of violence contemplated by law, in which there is an imminent risk of revictimization, the conciliation authority shall take the appropriate measures to ensure that at no time does the victim meet or confront the summoned person to whom such acts are attributed. In these cases, the conciliation procedure shall be conducted with the representative or attorney-in-fact of the summoned party, preventing the alleged victim and the person or persons to whom the acts of violence are attributed from meeting or being in the same space;
XIII. Once the settlement agreement has been entered into before the Conciliation Centers, it shall acquire the status of res judicata, having the quality of an instrument for initiating executory actions without the need for ratification. Either party may seek its enforcement through the judgment enforcement procedure established by this Law, before the competent Court, and
XIV. Upon entering into a settlement agreement, the Conciliation Authorities shall deliver a certified copy thereof to each of the parties, and they shall also be given a certified copy of the records evidencing compliance with the agreement.
Without prejudice to the foregoing, when so required by the requester, the Conciliation Center may set the Conciliation Hearing within the five business days following the filing of the request, for which purpose it shall provide the requester with the summons to the hearing so that the requester may take charge of delivering it directly to the person or persons summoned. In this case, if both parties appear at the conciliation hearing, it shall be held. If the requester does not appear at the hearing, the matter shall be closed for lack of interest, without issuance of the certificate of having exhausted conciliation, unless the requester justifies his or her absence, in the opinion of the conciliator. If only the requester of conciliation appears, a new date and time shall be set for the conciliation hearing within the following fifteen days, in accordance with the procedural rules provided in sections IV and VI through XIV of this article; at that conciliation hearing, the Conciliation Center shall geolocate the domicile of the summoned party with the assistance of the requester; if it cannot be geolocated, the Conciliation Center shall set an appointment so that, accompanied by the interested party, the corresponding summons may be served.
The Conciliation Authority is responsible for ensuring that the settlement agreement entered into meets the requirements and benefits established by this Law that are applicable to the specific case. If the parties voluntarily comply with the settlement agreement entered into, it shall certify that circumstance, attesting that the worker receives the payment agreed in the settlement agreement in full and personally.
If the parties establish deferred payments, in one or more installments to be paid on a date other than that on which the settlement agreement is entered into, a contractual penalty must be set for the event of non-compliance, which shall consist of an amount not less than the worker's daily wage for each day that elapses without full compliance with the settlement agreement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-E
El procedimiento de conciliación se tramitará conforme a las reglas siguientes:
I. Se iniciará con la presentación de la solicitud de conciliación ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o al Centro de Conciliación local que corresponda, firmada por el solicitante, a la que se le agregará copia de la identificación oficial a que hace referencia en la fracción I del artículo 684-C; tratándose de empresas o sindicatos será suscrito por su representante legal;
II. Los Centros de Conciliación podrán recibir las solicitudes de conciliación por comparecencia personal de los interesados, por escrito debidamente firmado, o en su caso, por vía electrónica mediante el sistema informático que para tal efecto se implemente;
III. Los Centros de Conciliación auxiliarán a los interesados que así lo soliciten para elaborar su petición. Deberán proporcionar asesoría jurídica de manera gratuita sobre sus derechos y los plazos de prescripción de los mismos, así como respecto de los procedimientos de conciliación y jurisdiccionales para solucionar los conflictos laborales;
IV. Al momento en que reciba la solicitud, la autoridad conciliatoria señalará día y hora para la celebración de una Audiencia de Conciliación que deberá efectuarse dentro de los quince días siguientes. El citatorio se notificará personalmente al patrón cuando menos con cinco días de anticipación a la audiencia, apercibiéndole que de no comparecer por sí o por conducto de su representante legal, o bien por medio de apoderado con facultades suficientes, se le impondrá una multa entre 50 y 100 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, y se le tendrá por inconforme con todo arreglo conciliatorio;
V. Al recibir la solicitud de conciliación, la autoridad conciliadora le asignará un número de identificación único y un buzón electrónico al interesado, que será creado para comunicaciones en lo que hace al procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial. Finalmente, designará por turno una sala de conciliación.
En caso de no ser competente, la Autoridad Conciliadora deberá remitir la solicitud al Centro de Conciliación competente vía electrónica, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes de recibida la solicitud, lo cual deberá notificar al solicitante para que acuda ante ella a continuar el procedimiento. La Autoridad Conciliadora se pronunciará respecto de la personalidad cuando se trate de solicitudes de personas morales;
VI. Si la solicitud de conciliación se presenta personalmente por ambas partes, la autoridad conciliadora les notificará de inmediato, fecha y hora de la audiencia de conciliación, misma que deberá celebrarse dentro de plazo máximo de cinco días a partir de la fecha de presentación de la solicitud, sin menoscabo de que ésta pueda celebrarse en ese momento;
VII. El trabajador solicitante de la instancia conciliatoria deberá acudir personalmente a la audiencia. Podrá asistir acompañado por una persona de su confianza, pero no se reconocerá a ésta como apoderado, por tratarse de un procedimiento de conciliación y no de un juicio; no obstante, el trabajador también podrá ser asistido por un licenciado en derecho, abogado o un Procurador de la Defensa del Trabajo. El patrón deberá asistir personalmente o por conducto de representante con facultades suficientes para obligarse en su nombre;
VIII. Si las partes acuden a la audiencia, la Autoridad Conciliadora deberá requerirles para que se identifiquen con cualquier documento oficial y, en su caso, verificar que la persona que comparezca en representación de la persona moral acredite su personalidad.
También se le asignará a la parte citada, un buzón electrónico para recibir notificaciones en el procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial; hecho lo anterior formulará una propuesta de contenido y alcances de un arreglo conciliatorio, planteando opciones de solución justas y equitativas que a su juicio sean adecuadas para dar por terminada la controversia; de estar de acuerdo las partes, celebrarán convenio por escrito, que deberá ratificarse en ese acto, entregándose copia autorizada de éste.
De no llegar a un acuerdo, la Autoridad Conciliadora emitirá la constancia de haber agotado la etapa de conciliación prejudicial obligatoria. No obstante, las partes de común acuerdo, podrán solicitar se fije nueva audiencia de conciliación, que deberá celebrarse dentro de los cinco días siguientes;
IX. Cuando alguna de las partes o ambas no comparezcan a la audiencia de conciliación por causa justificada, no obstante estar debidamente notificados, se señalará nueva fecha y hora para la celebración de la audiencia, misma que deberá realizarse dentro de los cinco días siguientes. La parte que acuda será notificada en ese acto, la contraparte que no acuda lo será por el boletín del Centro y, en su caso, por buzón electrónico;
X. Si a la audiencia de conciliación sólo comparece el solicitante, la autoridad conciliadora emitirá la constancia de haber agotado la etapa de conciliación prejudicial obligatoria. Si sólo comparece el citado, se archivará el expediente por falta de interés del solicitante. En ambos casos se reanudarán los plazos de prescripción a partir del día siguiente a la fecha de la audiencia, dejando a salvo los derechos del trabajador para solicitar nuevamente la conciliación;
XI. En el caso de que el notificador no haya logrado notificar a la persona, empresa o sindicato a citar, no obstante haberlo intentado, la Autoridad Conciliadora dará por terminada la instancia y emitirá constancia dejando a salvo los derechos del solicitante de la conciliación para promover juicio ante el Tribunal competente;
XII. Cuando en la solicitud de conciliación se manifieste la existencia de acoso sexual, discriminación u otros actos de violencia contemplados por la ley, en los que exista el riesgo inminente de revictimización, la autoridad conciliadora tomará las medidas conducentes para que en ningún momento se reúna o encare a la persona citada a la que se le atribuyen tales actos. En estos casos el procedimiento de conciliación se llevará con el representante o apoderado del citado, evitando que la presunta víctima y la persona o personas a quienes se atribuyen los actos de violencia se reúnan o encuentren en un mismo espacio;
XIII. Una vez que se celebre el convenio ante los Centros de Conciliación, adquirirá la condición de cosa juzgada, teniendo la calidad de un título para iniciar acciones ejecutivas sin necesidad de ratificación. Cualquiera de las partes podrá promover su cumplimiento mediante el procedimiento de ejecución de sentencia que establece esta Ley, ante el Tribunal competente, y
XIV. Al celebrar convenio, las Autoridades Conciliadoras entregarán copia certificada del mismo para cada una de las partes, asimismo también se les entregará copia certificada de las actas donde conste el cumplimiento del convenio.
Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, cuando así lo requiera el solicitante, el Centro de Conciliación podrá fijar la Audiencia de Conciliación dentro de los cinco días hábiles siguientes a la presentación de la solicitud, para lo cual le proporcionará el citatorio a la audiencia con el fin de que el solicitante se haga cargo de entregarlo directamente a la persona o personas citadas. En este caso, de presentarse ambas partes a la audiencia de conciliación, se procederá a su celebración. Si el solicitante no se presenta a la audiencia, se archivará el asunto por falta de interés, sin emisión de la constancia de haber agotado la conciliación, salvo que justifique su inasistencia, a juicio del conciliador. Si se presenta solamente el solicitante de la conciliación, se señalará nueva fecha y hora para la audiencia de conciliación dentro de los siguientes quince días, ajustándose a las reglas del procedimiento previstas en las fracciones IV y de la VI a la XIV del presente artículo; en dicha audiencia de conciliación, el Centro de Conciliación procederá a geolocalizar el domicilio de la parte citada con auxilio del solicitante; en caso de no poderlo geolocalizar, el Centro de Conciliación fijará una cita para que, acompañado del interesado, se proceda a realizar la citación correspondiente.
La Autoridad Conciliadora es responsable de que el convenio que se celebre cumpla con los requisitos y prestaciones que esta Ley establece, aplicables al caso concreto. Si las partes dan cumplimiento voluntario al convenio celebrado, certificará dicha circunstancia, dando fe de que el trabajador recibe completo y personalmente el pago pactado en el convenio.
En caso de que las partes establezcan pagos diferidos, en una o más parcialidades a cubrir en fecha diversa a la celebración del convenio, deberá fijarse una pena convencional para el caso de incumplimiento, ésta consistirá en una cantidad no menor al salario diario del trabajador por cada día que transcurra sin que se dé cumplimiento cabal al convenio.
CAPITULO II / De los Conciliadores
The conciliator shall have the following powers and obligations:
I. To issue the summons to the conciliation hearing, in accordance with the provisions of this Law;
II. To approve or dismiss, as the case may be, the grounds of justification for non-attendance at the conciliation hearing, based on the elements provided to him or her;
III. To inform the parties of the purpose, scope and limits of conciliation;
IV. To urge the parties to present settlement formulas;
V. To evaluate the requests of the interested parties in order to determine the most suitable way to formulate settlement proposals, without this implying the imposition of agreements;
VI. To draft, review and sanction the agreements or settlement agreements reached by the parties;
VII. To prepare the record certifying the holding of conciliation hearings and to attest, where applicable, to the delivery to the worker of the amounts or benefits agreed upon;
VIII. To issue the records of the conciliation hearings in his or her charge, to authorize the settlement agreements reached by the parties, and the certificates of non-conciliation in those cases in which conciliation was not possible. To issue certified copies of the settlement agreements and of the records of their compliance;
IX. To ensure and verify that the agreements reached by the parties do not infringe the rights of the workers. The foregoing is without prejudice to the conciliator seeking their maximization from a social rights perspective;
X. To oversee that, in the conciliation processes in which he or she intervenes, the rights of third parties and provisions of public order are not affected, and
XI. Such others as are established by this Law and other applicable regulations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-F
El conciliador tendrá las siguientes atribuciones y obligaciones:
I. Emitir el citatorio a la audiencia de conciliación, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en esta Ley;
II. Aprobar o desestimar, según sea el caso, las causas de justificación para la inasistencia a la audiencia de conciliación, con base en los elementos que se le aporten;
III. Comunicar a las partes el objeto, alcance y límites de la conciliación;
IV. Exhortar a las partes para que presenten fórmulas de arreglo;
V. Evaluar las solicitudes de los interesados con el fin de determinar la forma más adecuada para formular propuestas de arreglo, sin que ello implique la imposición de acuerdos;
VI. Redactar, revisar y sancionar los acuerdos o convenios a que lleguen las partes;
VII. Elaborar el acta en la que se certificará la celebración de audiencias de conciliación y dar fe, en su caso, de la entrega al trabajador de las cantidades o prestaciones convenidas;
VIII. Expedir las actas de las audiencias de conciliación a su cargo, autorizar los convenios a que lleguen las partes, y las constancias de no conciliación en aquellos casos que ésta no fuere posible. Expedir las copias certificadas de los convenios y las actas de su cumplimiento;
IX. Cuidar y verificar que en los acuerdos a que lleguen las partes no se vulneren los derechos de los trabajadores. Lo anterior sin perjuicio de que busque la potencialización con perspectiva de derechos sociales;
X. Vigilar que los procesos de conciliación en que intervenga, no se afecten derechos de terceros y disposiciones de orden público, y
XI. Las demás que establezca la presente Ley y demás normatividad aplicable.
To hold the position of conciliator, the following requirements must be met:
I. Enjoy the full exercise of his or her political and civil rights;
II. Preferably have at least three years of experience in areas of labor law or specialization in activities linked to the powers of the corresponding Conciliation Center;
III. Hold a professional bachelor's degree in a field related to the function of the Center;
IV. Preferably hold a certification in labor conciliation or mediation and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms;
V. Have knowledge of human rights and the gender perspective;
VI. Pass the selection procedure established for that purpose, and
VII. Not be disqualified from holding employment, office or commission in the public service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-G
Para desempeñar el cargo de conciliador se deben cubrir los siguientes requisitos:
I. Gozar del pleno ejercicio de sus derechos políticos y civiles;
II. Tener preferentemente experiencia de por lo menos tres años en áreas del derecho del trabajo o especialización en las actividades que se vinculen con las atribuciones del Centro de Conciliación que corresponda;
III. Contar con título profesional a nivel licenciatura en una carrera afín a la función del Centro;
IV. Tener preferentemente certificación en conciliación laboral o mediación y mecanismos alternativos de solución de controversias;
V. Tener conocimiento sobre derechos humanos y perspectiva de género;
VI. Aprobar el procedimiento de selección que se establezca para tal efecto, y
VII. No estar inhabilitado para desempeñar un empleo, cargo o comisión en el servicio público.
Conciliators, in the performance of their powers, shall have the following special obligations:
I. To safeguard the unwaivable rights of the worker;
II. To observe the principles of conciliation, impartiality, neutrality, flexibility, legality, equity, good faith, information, honesty and confidentiality;
III. To treat the interested parties with due equity and respect, seeking that all conciliations carried out conclude in arrangements satisfactory to them, respecting the rights of the parties;
IV. To comply with training and refresher programs for the renewal of their certification;
V. To refrain from acting as witnesses, legal representatives or lawyers in matters relating to the alternative mechanisms in which they participated, subsequently in a proceeding;
VI. To be proactive in achieving conciliation between the parties, and
VII. To seek balance between the factors of production and social justice, as well as dignified and decent work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-H
Los conciliadores en el desempeño de sus atribuciones tendrán las siguientes obligaciones especiales:
I. Salvaguardar los derechos irrenunciables del trabajador;
II. Observar los principios de conciliación, imparcialidad, neutralidad, flexibilidad, legalidad, equidad, buena fe, información, honestidad, y confidencialidad;
III. Tratar con la debida equidad y respeto a los interesados, procurando que todas las conciliaciones que se realicen concluyan en arreglos satisfactorios para los mismos respetando los derechos de las partes;
IV. Cumplir con programas de capacitación y actualización para la renovación de la certificación;
V. Abstenerse de fungir como testigos, representantes jurídicos o abogados de los asuntos relativos a los mecanismos alternativos en los que participen posteriormente en juicio;
VI. Ser proactivo para lograr la conciliación entre las partes, y
VII. Procurar el equilibrio entre los factores de la producción y la justicia social, así como el trabajo digno y decente.
The conciliator shall have authority as a public attester to certify:
I. The instruments with which the parties prove the standing and identity with which they appear at the hearing, for the purpose of keeping a copy in the respective case file;
II. Everything he or she records in the proceedings of the conciliation procedure and, where applicable, the agreements reached by the parties, and
III. The copies of the settlement agreements entered into in his or her presence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-I
El conciliador tendrá fe pública para certificar:
I. Los instrumentos con los que las partes acrediten la personalidad e identidad con que comparecen a la audiencia, para efecto de conservar una copia en el expediente respectivo;
II. Todo lo que asiente en las actuaciones del procedimiento de conciliación y, en su caso, los convenios a los que lleguen las partes, y
III. Las copias de los convenios que ante su presencia se celebren.
Conciliators and the personnel of the Conciliation Authorities may not be called to appear as witnesses in proceedings before the Courts.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-J
Los conciliadores y el personal de las Autoridades Conciliadoras no podrán ser llamados a comparecer como testigos en los procedimientos ante los Tribunales.
CAPITULO III / Del Procedimiento para la Selección de Conciliadores
This chapter establishes the provisions relating to the selection procedure for the appointment of the conciliators of the Conciliation Centers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-K
El presente capítulo establece las disposiciones relativas al procedimiento de selección para la designación de los conciliadores de los Centros de Conciliación.
The purpose of the selection procedure and criteria for conciliators is to guarantee the autonomy of their actions and compliance with the principles governing labor conciliation, as well as to prove their suitability based on the assessment of the competencies required for the performance of their functions, through the application of technical, reliable and pertinent instruments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-L
El procedimiento y los criterios de selección de los conciliadores tienen como fin, garantizar la autonomía de su actuación y el cumplimiento de los principios que rigen la conciliación laboral, así como acreditar su idoneidad a partir de la valoración de las competencias requeridas para el desempeño de sus funciones, con base en la aplicación de instrumentos técnicos, confiables y pertinentes.
The selection procedure for conciliators must ensure that the applicants have the following skills, abilities and competencies:
a) General knowledge of law and specific knowledge of labor matters;
b) Analysis and resolution of disputes;
c) Conflict management, and
d) Aptitudes for the conciliation function.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-M
El procedimiento de selección de los conciliadores deberá garantizar que los aspirantes cuenten con las destrezas, habilidades y competencias siguientes:
a) Conocimientos generales de derecho y específicos en materia laboral;
b) Análisis y resolución de controversias;
c) Gestión del conflicto, y
d) Aptitudes en la función conciliatoria.
The selection procedure shall be carried out through a competition, the calls for which must be public and open.
The calls must be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official publications of the states (federal entities) and on the Internet portal of the Conciliation Center, where it must remain permanently published while the competition is under way.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-N
El procedimiento de selección se llevará a cabo a través de concurso, cuya convocatoria deberán ser públicas y abiertas.
Las convocatorias deberán publicarse en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o en los órganos oficiales de difusión de las entidades federativas y en el portal de Internet del Centro de Conciliación, en el que deberá estar publicado de manera permanente mientras se desarrolle el concurso.
The Governing Body of the Conciliation Center, at the proposal of its head, shall approve the issuance of the call, which must contain:
I. The publication number;
II. The number of positions subject to competition;
III. The place and the dates that the stages of the procedure will cover;
IV. The documents that must accompany the application for registration in the procedure, which shall be:
a) Registration form, which shall be made available at the facilities of the Conciliation Center and on its Internet portal;
b) Updated curriculum vitae of the applicant, accompanied by the documents supporting the information;
c) Certified copy of the birth certificate;
d) Copy of the Degree and of the professional license;
e) Written statement in which, under oath to tell the truth, the applicant declares that he or she is in full enjoyment of his or her rights, and
f) Proof of domicile.
V. The support material that participants may consult in the various phases, and
VI. The form of Knowledge and Acceptance of the Bases and Guidelines of the Selection Competition, in which the applicant states that he or she is aware of the registration requirements and the rules of the procedure and agrees with them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-O
El Órgano de Gobierno del Centro de Conciliación, a propuesta del titular de ésta, aprobará la emisión de la convocatoria, que deberá contener:
I. El número de publicación;
II. El número de plazas sujetas a concurso;
III. El lugar y las fechas que comprenderán las etapas del procedimiento;
IV. Los documentos que deberán acompañarse a la solicitud de inscripción al procedimiento, que serán:
a) Formato de inscripción, que se pondrá a disposición en las instalaciones del Centro de Conciliación y en su portal de Internet;
b) Currículum vitae actualizado del aspirante, acompañado con los documentos que soporten la información;
c) Copia certificada del acta de nacimiento;
d) Copia del Título y de la cédula profesional;
e) Escrito en el que, bajo protesta de decir verdad, manifieste encontrarse en pleno goce de sus derechos, y
f) Comprobante de domicilio.
V. El material de apoyo que podrán consultar los participantes en las distintas fases, y
VI. El formato de Conocimiento y Aceptación de las Bases y Lineamientos del Concurso de Selección, en el que el solicitante manifieste que es sabedor de los requisitos de la inscripción, las reglas del procedimiento y su conformidad con ellos.
To participate in the selection procedure for conciliators, the requirements established by this Law must be met. The Conciliation Authorities shall prepare the list of participants, to whom a reference number shall be assigned, which shall be the only means of identifying the applicants in the evaluation stage of the procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-P
Para participar en el procedimiento de selección de conciliadores, deberán cumplirse con los requisitos que establece esta Ley. Las Autoridades Conciliadoras elaborarán la lista de los participantes, a los que les asignará un folio de referencia, que será el único medio para identificar a los aspirantes en la etapa de evaluación del procedimiento.
Participants shall have the right to:
I. Compete under equal conditions;
II. Have the place, equipment and time necessary to take the examinations, and
III. Learn the results of the competition in the publications made by the Conciliation Center.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-Q
Los participantes tendrán derecho a:
I. Concursar en igualdad de condiciones;
II. Contar con el lugar, equipo y tiempo necesarios para la presentación de los exámenes, y
III. Conocer los resultados del concurso en las publicaciones que realice el Centro de Conciliación.
The Conciliation Center shall guarantee compliance with the principles of legality, impartiality, quality, objectivity, certainty, equity, merit-based competition, publicity and transparency in the selection procedures for conciliators, for which purpose it must establish the following in the call:
I. The specific obligations of the participants during the competition and the grounds for disqualification or elimination from it;
II. The rules of the competition, which must include the registration procedure, the form and criteria of evaluation, the weighting of each area of competence to be evaluated and its impact on the final score, the minimum passing scores and the publication of results. The rules must provide that the examination shall be conducted publicly;
III. The composition of the evaluation and selection committee that will conduct the competition, and
IV. The guidelines of the selection process for conciliators, which shall contain the technical evaluation criteria, the composition of each instrument, its performance scales and the formalities for its application.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-R
El Centro de Conciliación garantizará el cumplimiento de los principios de legalidad, imparcialidad, calidad, objetividad, certeza, equidad, competencia por mérito, publicidad y transparencia, en los procedimientos de selección de conciliadores, para lo cual deberá establecer en la convocatoria lo siguiente:
I. Las obligaciones específicas de los participantes durante el concurso y las causales de descalificación o eliminación del mismo;
II. Las reglas del concurso, que deberán incluir el trámite de inscripción o registro, la forma y criterios de evaluación, la ponderación de cada área de competencia a evaluar y su impacto en la calificación final, las calificaciones mínimas aprobatorias y la publicación de resultados. Las reglas deberán contemplar que el desarrollo del examen será público;
III. La integración del comité de evaluación y selección que llevará a cabo el concurso, y
IV. Los lineamientos del proceso de selección de conciliadores, los que contendrán los criterios técnicos de evaluación, la integración de cada instrumento, sus escalas de desempeño y las formalidades para su aplicación.
The Governing Body of the Conciliation Center shall have the following powers with respect to the selection procedure for conciliators:
I. To approve the issuance of the calls for the selection procedure for conciliators at the proposal of the head of the Conciliation Center;
II. To approve the proposal for the scheduling and venues for carrying out the stages of the competition submitted by the Head of the Conciliation Center and to authorize any change thereto, when duly justified or due to force majeure, and
III. To approve, at the proposal of said Head, the Guidelines for the selection process of public conciliators in labor matters.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-S
El Órgano de Gobierno del Centro de Conciliación contará con las siguientes atribuciones en lo que se refiere al procedimiento de selección de conciliadores:
I. Aprobar la emisión de las convocatorias para el procedimiento de selección de conciliadores a propuesta del titular del Centro de Conciliación;
II. Aprobar la propuesta para la calendarización y sedes para llevar a cabo las etapas del concurso que presente el Titular del Centro de Conciliación y autorizar algún cambio en las mismas, cuando éste sea debidamente justificado u obedezca a causas de fuerza mayor, y
III. Aprobar, a propuesta de dicho Titular, los Lineamientos del proceso de selección de conciliadores públicos en materia laboral.
The results of the competition shall be published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (DOF) or in the official publications of the states (federal entities), as well as on the official page of the corresponding Conciliation Center.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-T
Los resultados del concurso se publicarán en el Diario Oficial de la Federación o en los órganos oficiales de difusión de las entidades federativas, así como en la página oficial del Centro de Conciliación que corresponda.
Once the publication referred to in the preceding article has been made, the Head of the Conciliation Center shall make the appointment according to the number of positions subject to competition. The appointment of conciliators shall be valid for three years and may be ratified for successive periods of the same duration. The Conciliation Center shall establish the procedure for those purposes, which must take into account objective criteria of performance, honesty, professionalism and the professional updating of the Conciliator. Said evaluation shall be carried out through public, technical and objective instruments.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 684-U
Una vez hecha la publicación a que se refiere el artículo que antecede, el Titular del Centro de Conciliación llevará a cabo la designación de acuerdo con el número de plazas sujetas a concurso. El nombramiento de los conciliadores tendrá una vigencia de tres años y podrá ratificarse por periodos sucesivos de la misma duración. El Centro de Conciliación establecerá el procedimiento para tales efectos, que deberá atender criterios objetivos de desempeño, honestidad, profesionalismo y la actualización profesional del Conciliador. Dicha evaluación se realizará a través de instrumentos públicos, técnicos y objetivos.
TITULO CATORCE / Derecho Procesal del Trabajo / CAPITULO I / Principios Procesales
The labor law process is governed by the principles of immediacy of the judge, promptness, continuity, expeditiousness, truthfulness, concentration, economy and procedural simplicity. Likewise, it shall be public, free of charge, predominantly oral and conciliatory.
The Courts must guarantee compliance with the aforementioned principles and conditions. The judge must give precedence to the principle of reality over formal elements that contradict it. Likewise, the resolution of the dispute shall be favored over procedural formalities, without affecting due process and the purposes of labor law.
When the worker's complaint is incomplete, in that it does not include all the benefits that, in accordance with this Law, derive from the action brought or applicable, according to the facts set forth by the worker, the Court, at the time of admitting the complaint, shall correct it. The foregoing is without prejudice to proceeding under the provisions of Article 873 of this Law when the complaint is obscure or vague.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 685
El proceso del derecho del trabajo se rige bajo los principios de inmediación, inmediatez, continuidad, celeridad, veracidad, concentración, economía y sencillez procesal. Asimismo, será público, gratuito, predominantemente oral y conciliatorio.
Los Tribunales deben garantizar el cumplimiento de los principios y condiciones citados. El juez deberá atender al principio de realidad sobre los elementos formales que lo contradigan. Asimismo, se privilegiará la solución del conflicto sobre los formalismos procedimentales, sin afectar el debido proceso y los fines del derecho del trabajo.
Cuando la demanda del trabajador sea incompleta, en cuanto a que no comprenda todas las prestaciones que de acuerdo con esta Ley deriven de la acción intentada o procedente, conforme a los hechos expuestos por el trabajador, el Tribunal, en el momento de admitir la demanda, subsanará ésta. Lo anterior sin perjuicio de que cuando la demanda sea obscura o vaga se proceda en los términos previstos en el artículo 873 de esta Ley.
The parties shall have the right to have their proper defense and representation guaranteed; consequently, they may be assisted by a legal attorney-in-fact, who must hold a Law Degree or be a licensed lawyer with a professional license. When the Court notices that there is a manifest and systematic technical incapacity of the legal attorney-in-fact, it shall require the affected party to appoint another, who shall have three calendar days to do so. Workers or their beneficiaries shall have the right to be assigned a lawyer from the competent Office of the Labor Defense Attorney or from the Public Defender's Office to assume their legal representation.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 685 Bis
Las partes tendrán derecho a que se garantice su debida defensa y representación; en consecuencia, podrán estar asistidos por un apoderado legal quien deberá ser Licenciado en Derecho o abogado titulado con cédula profesional. Cuando el Tribunal advierta que exista una manifiesta y sistemática incapacidad técnica del apoderado legal, prevendrá a la parte afectada para que designe otro, contando con tres días naturales para hacerlo. Los trabajadores o sus beneficiarios tendrán derecho a que les sea asignado un abogado de la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo competente o de la Defensoría Pública que asuma su representación jurídica.
The following are exempted from exhausting the conciliation stage, in the case of disputes inherent to:
I. Discrimination in employment and occupation on grounds of pregnancy, as well as on grounds of sex, sexual orientation, race, religion, ethnic origin, social status or sexual harassment or bullying;
II. Designation of beneficiaries upon death;
III. Social security benefits for occupational risks, maternity, illness, disability, life, day care and benefits in kind and work accidents;
IV. The protection of fundamental rights and public freedoms, both of a labor nature, these categories being understood to include those related to:
a) Freedom of association, freedom to unionize and the effective recognition of collective bargaining;
b) Labor trafficking, as well as forced and compulsory labor, and
c) Child labor.
For these exceptions to apply, the existence of indications that give the court reasonable suspicion, appearance or presumption that any of these rights is being violated must be proven;
V. Disputes over title to collective bargaining agreements or industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley), and
VI. Challenges to labor union bylaws or their modification.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 685 Ter
Quedan exceptuados de agotar la instancia conciliatoria, cuando se trate de conflictos inherentes a:
I. Discriminación en el empleo y ocupación por embarazo, así como por razones de sexo, orientación sexual, raza, religión, origen étnico, condición social o acoso u hostigamiento sexual;
II. Designación de beneficiarios por muerte;
III. Prestaciones de seguridad social por riesgos de trabajo, maternidad, enfermedades, invalidez, vida, guarderías y prestaciones en especie y accidentes de trabajo;
IV. La tutela de derechos fundamentales y libertades públicas, ambos de carácter laboral, entendidos en estos rubros los relacionados con:
a) La libertad de asociación, libertad sindical y el reconocimiento efectivo de la negociación colectiva;
b) Trata laboral, así como trabajo forzoso y obligatorio, y
c) Trabajo infantil.
Para la actualización de estas excepciones se debe acreditar la existencia de indicios que generen al tribunal la razonable sospecha, apariencia o presunción de que se están vulnerando alguno de estos derechos;
V. La disputa de la titularidad de contratos colectivos o contratos ley, y
VI. La impugnación de los estatutos de los sindicatos o su modificación.
The labor law process and the para-procedural procedures shall be conducted and decided under the terms set forth in this Law.
The Courts shall order the correction of any irregularity or omission they notice in the conduct of the process, for the purpose of regularizing the procedure, without this implying that they may revoke their own resolutions, as provided in Article 848 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 686
El proceso del derecho del trabajo y los procedimientos paraprocesales, se sustanciarán y decidirán en los términos señalados en la presente Ley.
Los Tribunales ordenarán que se corrija cualquier irregularidad u omisión que notaren en la sustanciación del proceso, para el efecto de regularizar el procedimiento, sin que ello implique que puedan revocar sus propias resoluciones, según lo dispone el artículo 848 de la presente Ley.
No specific form shall be required in appearances, writings, submissions or pleadings; but the parties must specify the points of their petition.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 687
En las comparecencias, escritos, promociones o alegaciones, no se exigirá forma determinada; pero las partes deberán precisar los puntos petitorios.
Administrative authorities are required, within the sphere of their respective powers, to assist the Courts; if they refuse to do so, they shall be liable under the Laws applicable to the case.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 688
Las autoridades administrativas están obligadas, en la esfera de sus respectivas competencias, a auxiliar a los Tribunales, si se negaren a ello, serán responsables en los términos de las Leyes aplicables al caso.
Capítulo II / De la Capacidad, Personalidad y Legitimación
The parties to the labor process are the individuals or legal entities that prove their legal interest in the process and bring actions or raise defenses.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 689
Son partes en el proceso del trabajo, las personas físicas o morales que acrediten su interés jurídico en el proceso y ejerciten acciones u opongan excepciones.
Persons who may be affected by the resolution issued in a dispute may intervene in it, proving their legal interest therein, or be called to the proceeding by the Court.
Interested third parties in a proceeding may appear or be called to it up to before the holding of the preliminary hearing in the case of the ordinary individual procedure, and of the trial hearing in the other cases, to state in writing whatever is in their interest. The Court, without suspending the procedure, shall issue the respective order so that the interested third party is served with copies of the complaint and the answer thereto, so that within the ten days following the date on which notice is served on it personally, it may file the writing in which it states whatever is in its interest; in that writing, in addition to proving its standing, it must offer the evidence that corresponds to its interest.
Interested third parties who appear or are called to the ordinary procedure provided for in chapter XVII of this Title of this Law shall be subject to the provisions of that procedure.
The party requesting that an interested third party be called must state the reason and circumstance for which the third party must be called to the proceeding and demonstrate the reasons for which it attributes that status to the third party.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 690
Las personas que puedan ser afectadas por la resolución que se pronuncie en un conflicto, podrán intervenir en él, comprobando su interés jurídico en el mismo, o ser llamadas a juicio por el Tribunal.
Los terceros interesados en un juicio podrán comparecer o ser llamados a éste hasta antes de la celebración de la audiencia preliminar en el caso del procedimiento individual ordinario y de juicio en los demás casos, para manifestar por escrito lo que a su derecho convenga. El Tribunal, sin suspensión del procedimiento dictará el acuerdo respectivo, a fin de que se corra traslado al tercero interesado con los escritos de demanda y su contestación para que dentro de los diez días siguientes a la fecha en que sea notificando personalmente, presente el escrito en el que manifieste lo que a su derecho convenga; en dicho escrito además de acreditar su personalidad deberá ofrecer las pruebas que a su interés corresponda.
Los terceros interesados que comparezcan o sean llamados al procedimiento ordinario previsto en el capítulo XVII del presente Título de esta Ley, se sujetarán a lo establecido en dicho procedimiento.
La parte que solicite se llame a un tercero interesado, deberá expresar el motivo y circunstancia por el cual debe llamarse a juicio y demostrar las razones por las que le atribuye tal carácter.
Minor workers have the capacity to appear in a proceeding without the need for any authorization; however, if they are not advised in the proceeding, the Court shall request the intervention of the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney for that purpose. In the case of minors under 16 years of age, the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney shall appoint a representative for them when they do not have one.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall also apply in the case of presumed beneficiaries of a deceased worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 691
Los menores trabajadores tienen capacidad para comparecer a juicio sin necesidad de autorización alguna; pero, en caso de no estar asesorados en juicio, el Tribunal solicitará la intervención de la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo para tal efecto. Tratándose de menores de 16 años, la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo les designará un representante cuando no lo tuvieren.
Lo previsto en el párrafo anterior se aplicará también tratándose de presuntos beneficiarios de algún trabajador fallecido.
The parties may appear in a proceeding directly or through a legally authorized attorney-in-fact.
In the case of an attorney-in-fact, standing shall be proven in accordance with the following rules:
I. When the person appearing acts as attorney-in-fact of an individual, he or she may do so by means of a notarized power of attorney or a proxy letter signed by the grantor before two witnesses, without the need for ratification before the Court;
II. Counsel or legal advisors of the parties, whether or not they are their attorneys-in-fact, must prove that they are lawyers or law graduates with a professional license or persons who hold a valid law intern certificate issued by the competent authority to practice that profession. Other persons may only be authorized to hear service of notice and receive documents, but they may not appear at hearings or make any submission;
III. When the person appearing acts as attorney-in-fact of a legal entity, he or she may prove his or her standing by means of a notarial certified copy or a proxy letter granted before two witnesses, upon verification that the person granting the power is legally authorized to do so; and
IV. The representatives of labor unions shall prove their standing with the certification issued to them by the corresponding registering authority of the registration of the union's leadership. They may also appear through a legal attorney-in-fact, who in all cases must be a lawyer, law graduate or law intern.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 692
Las partes podrán comparecer a juicio en forma directa o por conducto de apoderado legalmente autorizado.
Tratándose de apoderado, la personalidad se acreditará conforme a las siguientes reglas:
I. Cuando el compareciente actúe como apoderado de persona física, podrá hacerlo mediante poder notarial o carta poder firmada por el otorgante y ante dos testigos, sin necesidad de ser ratificada ante el Tribunal;
II. Los abogados patronos o asesores legales de las partes, sean o no apoderados de éstas, deberán acreditar ser abogados o licenciados en derecho con cédula profesional o personas que cuenten con carta de pasante vigente expedida por la autoridad competente para ejercer dicha profesión. Sólo se podrá autorizar a otras personas para oír notificaciones y recibir documentos, pero éstas no podrán comparecer en las audiencias ni efectuar promoción alguna;
III. Cuando el compareciente actúe como apoderado de persona moral, podrá acreditar su personalidad mediante testimonio notarial o carta poder otorgada ante dos testigos, previa comprobación de que quien le otorga el poder está legalmente autorizado para ello; y
IV. Los representantes de los sindicatos acreditarán su personalidad con la certificación que les extienda la autoridad registradora correspondiente, de haber quedado inscrita la directiva del sindicato. También podrán comparecer por conducto de apoderado legal, quien en todos los casos deberá ser abogado, licenciado en derecho o pasante.
The Courts may deem the standing of the representatives of workers or of labor unions, federations and confederations to be proven without being subject to the rules of the preceding article, provided that from the documents exhibited they become convinced that the interested party is effectively represented.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 693
Los Tribunales podrán tener por acreditada la personalidad de los representantes de los trabajadores o sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones sin sujetarse a las reglas del artículo anterior, siempre que de los documentos exhibidos lleguen al convencimiento de que efectivamente se representa a la parte interesada.
Workers, employers and labor union organizations may grant a power of attorney by simple appearance, after identification, before the Courts of their place of residence, to represent them before any labor authority; standing shall be proven with the certified copy issued thereof.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 694
Los trabajadores, los patrones y las organizaciones sindicales, podrán otorgar poder mediante simple comparecencia, previa identificación, ante los Tribunales del lugar de su residencia, para que los representen ante cualquier autoridad del trabajo; la personalidad se acreditará con la copia certificada que se expida de la misma.
Representatives or attorneys-in-fact may prove their standing in accordance with the foregoing guidelines in each of the proceedings in which they appear, by exhibiting a simple photocopy for comparison with the original document or one certified by an authority, which shall be returned to them immediately, the duly certified copy remaining in the record.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 695
Los representantes o apoderados podrán acreditar su personalidad conforme a los lineamientos anteriores, en cada uno de los juicios en que comparezcan, exhibiendo copia simple fotostática para su cotejo con el documento original o certificado por autoridad, el cual les será devuelto de inmediato, quedando en autos la copia debidamente certificada.
The power of attorney granted by the worker to be represented in a proceeding shall be understood to be conferred to claim all the corresponding principal and ancillary benefits, even if this is not expressly stated therein.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 696
El poder que otorgue el trabajador para ser representado en juicio, se entenderá conferido para demandar todas las prestaciones principales y accesorias que correspondan, aunque no se exprese en el mismo.
Whenever two or more persons bring the same action or raise the same defense in the same proceeding, they must litigate jointly and with a common representative, unless the co-litigants have opposing interests.
In the case of the plaintiffs, the appointment of the common representative must be made in the complaint or at the preliminary hearing; in the case of the defendants, the appointment shall be made in the answer or at the aforementioned hearing. If the interested parties do not make the appointment within the terms indicated, the Court shall do so, choosing from among the interested parties themselves.
The common representative shall have the rights, obligations and liability inherent to a judicial agent.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 697
Siempre que dos o más personas ejerciten la misma acción u opongan la misma excepción en un mismo juicio deben litigar unidas y con una representación común, salvo que los colitigantes tengan intereses opuestos.
Si se trata de las partes actoras, el nombramiento de representante común deberá hacerse en el escrito de demanda, o en la audiencia preliminar; si se trata de las demandadas, el nombramiento se hará en el escrito de contestación o en la audiencia a que se ha hecho mención. Si el nombramiento no lo hicieran los interesados dentro de los términos señalados, el Tribunal lo hará escogiéndolo de entre los propios interesados.
El representante común tendrá los derechos, obligaciones y responsabilidad inherentes a un mandatario judicial.
CAPITULO III / De las Competencias
The Courts of the states (federal entities) shall have jurisdiction to hear the disputes arising within their territory that are not of federal jurisdiction.
The Federal Court shall hear labor disputes in the case of the industrial branches, companies or matters contained in Articles 123, Part A, section XXXI, of the Political Constitution and 527 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 698
Será competencia de los Tribunales de las Entidades Federativas, conocer de los conflictos que se susciten dentro de su jurisdicción, que no sean de competencia Federal.
El Tribunal Federal conocerá de los conflictos de trabajo cuando se trate de las ramas industriales, empresas o materias contenidas en los artículos 123, apartado A, fracción XXXI, de la Constitución Política y 527 de esta Ley.
When, in the disputes referred to in the first paragraph of the preceding article, actions related to obligations regarding training and instruction or safety and hygiene are brought in the same complaint, the hearing of these matters shall be within the jurisdiction of the Federal Court, in accordance with its territorial jurisdiction.
In the case provided for in the preceding paragraph, the Court, upon admitting the complaint, shall order that a copy be made of it and of the documents submitted by the plaintiff, which it shall immediately send to the Federal Court for the conduct and resolution exclusively of the issues concerning training and instruction and safety and hygiene, under the terms set forth in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 699
Cuando en los conflictos a que se refiere el párrafo primero del artículo que antecede, se ejerciten en la misma demanda acciones relacionadas con obligaciones en materia de capacitación y adiestramiento o de seguridad e higiene, el conocimiento de estas materias será de la competencia del Tribunal Federal, de acuerdo a su jurisdicción.
En el supuesto previsto en el párrafo anterior, el Tribunal, al admitir la demanda, ordenará se saque copia de la misma y de los documentos presentados por el actor, las que remitirá inmediatamente al Tribunal Federal para la sustanciación y resolución, exclusivamente, de las cuestiones sobre capacitación y adiestramiento, y de seguridad e higiene, en los términos señalados en esta Ley.
Jurisdiction by reason of territory is governed by the following rules:
I. (Repealed.)
II. In individual disputes, the plaintiff may choose between:
a) The Court of the place where the contract was entered into;
b) The Court of the domicile of any of the defendants, and
c) The Court of the place where the services were provided; if they were provided in several places, it shall be the Court of the last of them.
III. In collective disputes of federal jurisdiction, the Federal Court shall have jurisdiction; in collective disputes of local jurisdiction, the Local Court of the place where the company or establishment is located shall hear the case;
IV. In the case of cancellation of a labor union's registration, the Federal Court whose assigned territory is closest to the union's domicile;
V. In disputes between employers or between workers, the Court of the defendant's domicile, and
VI. When the defendant is a labor union, the Federal Court or the Local Court closest to its domicile, according to the nature of the action brought.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 700
La competencia por razón del territorio se rige por las normas siguientes:
I. (Se deroga).
II. En los conflictos individuales, el actor puede escoger entre:
a) El Tribunal del lugar de celebración del contrato;
b) El Tribunal del domicilio de cualquiera de los demandados, y
c) El Tribunal del lugar de prestación de los servicios; si éstos se prestaron en varios lugares, será el Tribunal del último de ellos.
III. En los conflictos colectivos de jurisdicción federal, será competente el Tribunal Federal; en los conflictos colectivos de jurisdicción local, conocerá el Tribunal Local del lugar en que esté ubicada la empresa o establecimiento;
IV. Cuando se trate de la cancelación del registro de un sindicato, el Tribunal Federal cuya adscripción sea la más cercana a su domicilio;
V. En los conflictos entre patrones o trabajadores entre sí, el Tribunal del domicilio del demandado, y
VI. Cuando el demandado sea un sindicato, el Tribunal Federal o el Tribunal Local más cercano al domicilio del mismo, según corresponda a la naturaleza de la acción intentada.
The Court must, ex officio, declare that it lacks jurisdiction at any stage of the process, up to before the trial hearing, when there are data in the case file that justify it. If the Court declares that it lacks jurisdiction, after summoning the parties, it shall immediately send the case file to the court it deems competent; if the latter, upon receiving the case file, in turn declares that it lacks jurisdiction, it shall immediately send the case file to the authority that must decide on jurisdiction, under Article 705 Bis of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 701
El Tribunal de oficio, deberá declararse incompetente en cualquier estado del proceso, hasta antes de la audiencia de juicio, cuando existan en el expediente datos que lo justifiquen. Si el Tribunal se declara incompetente, con citación de las partes, remitirá de inmediato el expediente al tribunal que estime competente; si éste al recibir el expediente, se declara a su vez incompetente, remitirá de inmediato el expediente a la autoridad que debe decidir la competencia, en los términos del artículo 705 Bis de esta Ley.
A defense consisting of the denial of the employment relationship shall not be considered an objection to jurisdiction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 702
No se considerará excepción de incompetencia la defensa consistente en la negativa de la relación de trabajo.
Questions of jurisdiction in labor matters may only be raised by a motion to decline jurisdiction.
The motion to decline jurisdiction may be raised up to the preliminary hearing, accompanied by the elements on which it is based; at that time, the Court, after hearing the parties and receiving the evidence it deems advisable, which must refer exclusively to the question of lack of jurisdiction, shall immediately issue a resolution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 703
Las cuestiones de competencia, en materia de trabajo, sólo pueden promoverse por declinatoria.
La declinatoria podrá oponerse hasta la audiencia preliminar, acompañando los elementos en que se funde; en ese momento, el Tribunal después de oír a las partes y recibir las pruebas que estime convenientes, las que deberán referirse exclusivamente a la cuestión de incompetencia, dictará en el acto resolución.
When a Court considers that the dispute it is hearing falls within the jurisdiction of another, after summoning the parties, it shall declare that it lacks jurisdiction and shall send the record to the Court it deems competent. If the latter, upon receiving the case file, in turn declares that it lacks jurisdiction, it shall send it to the authority that must decide the question of jurisdiction, so that the latter may determine which Court must continue hearing the dispute.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 704
Cuando un Tribunal considere que el conflicto de que conoce, es de la competencia de otro, con citación de las partes, se declarará incompetente y remitirá los autos al Tribunal que estime competente. Si éste al recibir el expediente se declara a su vez incompetente, lo remitirá a la autoridad que deba decidir la cuestión de competencia, para que ésta determine cuál es el Tribunal que debe continuar conociendo del conflicto.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 705
Se deroga
Questions of jurisdiction shall be decided:
I. By the Local Judiciary, through its full court or the corresponding analogous body in accordance with its legislation, when the question of jurisdiction arises between courts belonging to that local Judiciary.
II. By the Federal Judiciary, through the corresponding Collegiate Circuit Court, when the dispute arises between:
a) Federal and Local Courts;
b) Local Courts of different states (federal entities);
c) Local Courts and another federal jurisdictional body or one of a different state;
d) Federal Courts, and
e) Federal Courts and another jurisdictional body.
Jurisdictional disputes of the federal and local Courts shall be conducted in accordance with the corresponding organic laws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 705 Bis
Las competencias se decidirán:
I. El Poder Judicial Local a través de su pleno u órgano análogo que corresponda de conformidad con su legislación cuando la competencia se suscite entre tribunales pertenecientes a dicho Poder Judicial local.
II. El Poder Judicial Federal a través del Tribunal Colegiado de Circuito que corresponda, cuando la controversia se suscite entre:
a) Tribunales Federales y Locales;
b) Tribunales Locales de diversas entidades federativas;
c) Tribunales Locales y otro órgano jurisdiccional federal o de diversa entidad federativa;
d) Tribunales Federales, y
e) Tribunales Federales y otro órgano jurisdiccional.
Los conflictos competenciales de los Tribunales federales y locales, se substanciarán de conformidad con las leyes orgánicas correspondientes.
Everything done before the Court lacking jurisdiction shall be null and void, except for the act of admission of the complaint and the provisions of Articles 704 and 928, section V of this Law or, where applicable, when a settlement agreement ending the matter has been entered into during the conciliation period.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 706
Será nulo todo lo actuado ante el Tribunal incompetente, salvo el acto de admisión de la demanda y lo dispuesto en los artículos 704 y 928 fracción V de esta Ley o, en su caso, cuando se haya celebrado convenio que ponga fin al negocio, en el período de conciliación.
In order to facilitate access to justice, the local or federal judiciaries may authorize the operation, on a mobile basis, of one or more Courts according to the needs of the matters they must hear. For this purpose, the judiciary shall order the installation of the corresponding seat for a specified period.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 706 Bis
Con el propósito de facilitar el acceso a la justicia, los poderes judiciales locales o federal podrán autorizar el funcionamiento, en régimen de movilidad, de uno o más Tribunales conforme a las necesidades de los asuntos que deban conocer. Para esto dispondrá la instalación de la sede correspondiente durante un periodo determinado.
CAPITULO IV / De los Impedimentos y Excusas
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 707
Se deroga.
Judges and instructing clerks shall be deemed necessarily disqualified and shall have the duty to recuse themselves from hearing matters in the following cases:
I. In matters in which they have a direct or indirect interest;
II. In matters that concern their spouse or common-law partner, or their blood relatives in the direct line without limitation of degree, collateral relatives within the fourth degree, and relatives by affinity within the second;
III. If between the official, his or her spouse or common-law partner, or children and any of the interested parties there is a relationship of intimacy arising from any civil or religious act;
IV. If he or she is related by blood or affinity to the lawyer or legal representative of any of the parties, in the same degrees referred to in section II of this article;
V. When he or she, his or her spouse or any of his or her children is an heir, legatee, donor, donee, partner, creditor, debtor, guarantor, guaranteed party, lessor, lessee, principal, dependent or habitual table companion of any of the parties, or current administrator of their property;
VI. If he or she has made promises or threats, or has otherwise expressed hatred or affection for any of the parties;
VII. If he or she attends or has attended banquets given or paid for especially for him or her by any of the parties after the procedure has commenced, or if he or she is on very familiar terms with any of them, or lives with any of them, in their company, or in the same house;
VIII. When, after the procedure has commenced, he or she, his or her spouse or any of his or her children has accepted gifts or services from any of the parties;
IX. If he or she has been a lawyer or legal representative, expert or witness in the matter concerned;
X. If he or she has heard the matter as a member of the Court, arbitrator or advisor, resolving any point affecting the substance of the issue, in the same instance or in another;
XI. When he or she, his or her spouse or any of his or her blood relatives in the direct line, without limitation of degree, collateral relatives within the second degree, or relatives by affinity in the first degree, is pursuing a proceeding against any of the parties, or one year has not elapsed since he or she pursued a civil proceeding or a criminal case, as accuser, complainant or informant, or became a civil party in a criminal case brought against any of them;
XII. When any of the parties or their lawyers is or has been an informant, complainant or accuser of the official concerned, of his or her spouse, or of any of his or her aforementioned relatives, or has become a civil party in a criminal case brought against any of them, provided that the public prosecutor's office has brought criminal action;
XIII. When the official concerned, his or her spouse or any of his or her aforementioned relatives is opposed to any of the parties in an administrative matter affecting their interests;
XIV. If he or she, his or her spouse or any of his or her relatives is pursuing any civil or criminal proceeding in which any of the parties is a member of the Court, agent of the public prosecutor's office, arbitrator or amicable compounder;
XV. If he or she is the guardian or curator of any of the interested parties, or three years have not elapsed since he or she was;
XVI. When he or she has expressed his or her opinion publicly before the ruling, and
XVII. Any other legal impediment exists.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 707 Bis
Los jueces y secretarios instructores se tendrán por forzosamente impedidos y tendrán el deber de excusarse en el conocimiento de los asuntos en los casos siguientes:
I. En asuntos en los que tenga interés directo o indirecto;
II. En asuntos que interesen a su cónyuge, concubino o concubina, o a sus parientes consanguíneos en línea recta sin limitación de grados, a los colaterales dentro del cuarto grado, y a los afines dentro del segundo;
III. Si entre el funcionario, su cónyuge, concubino o concubina, o sus hijos y alguno de los interesados, haya relación de intimidad nacida de algún acto civil o religioso;
IV. Si fuere pariente por consanguinidad o afinidad, del abogado o procurador de alguna de las partes, en los mismos grados a que se refiere la fracción II de este artículo;
V. Cuando él, su cónyuge o alguno de sus hijos sea heredero, legatario, donante, donatario, socio, acreedor, deudor, fiador, fiado, arrendador, arrendatario, principal, dependiente o comensal habitual de alguna de las partes, o administrador actual de sus bienes;
VI. Si ha hecho promesas o amenazas, o ha manifestado de otro modo su odio o afecto por alguna de las partes;
VII. Si asiste o ha asistido a convites que especialmente para él diere o costeare alguna de las partes, después de comenzado el procedimiento, o si se tiene mucha familiaridad con alguno de ellos, o vive con él, en su compañía, o en una misma casa;
VIII. Cuando después de comenzado el procedimiento, haya admitido él, su cónyuge o alguno de sus hijos, dádivas o servicios de alguna de las partes;
IX. Si ha sido abogado o procurador, perito o testigo en el negocio de que se trate;
X. Si ha conocido del negocio como integrante del Tribunal, árbitro o asesor, resolviendo algún punto que afecte a la sustancia de la cuestión, en la misma instancia o en otra;
XI. Cuando él, su cónyuge o alguno de sus parientes consanguíneos en línea recta, sin limitación de grados, de los colaterales dentro del segundo, o de los afines en el primero, siga contra alguna de las partes, o no ha pasado un año de haber seguido un juicio civil, o una causa criminal, como acusador, querellante o denunciante, o se haya constituido parte civil en causa criminal seguida contra cualquiera de ellas;
XII. Cuando alguna de las partes o de sus abogados es o ha sido denunciante, querellante o acusador del funcionario de que se trate, de su cónyuge, o de alguno de sus expresados parientes o se ha constituido parte civil en causa criminal seguida contra cualquiera de ellos, siempre que el Ministerio Público haya ejercitado la acción penal;
XIII. Cuando el funcionario de que se trate, su cónyuge o alguno de sus expresados parientes sea contrario a cualquiera de las partes en negocio administrativo que afecte a sus intereses;
XIV. Si él, su cónyuge o alguno de sus parientes sigue algún proceso civil o criminal en que sea integrante el Tribunal, agente del Ministerio Público, árbitro o arbitrador, alguna de las partes;
XV. Si es tutor o curador de alguno de los interesados, o no han pasado tres años de haberlo sido;
XVI. Cuando haya externado su opinión públicamente antes del fallo, y
XVII. Exista cualquier otro impedimento legal.
Judges and instructing clerks shall have the obligation to recuse themselves immediately upon taking up a matter that they must not hear due to an impediment, or within the twenty-four hours following the occurrence of the fact giving rise to it or their becoming aware of it, stating specifically the cause or reason for the impediment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 707 Ter
Los juzgadores y secretarios instructores tendrán la obligación de excusarse inmediatamente que se avoquen al conocimiento de un negocio del que no deben conocer por impedimento, o dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes de que ocurra el hecho que lo origine o de que tengan conocimiento de él, expresando concretamente la causa o razón del impedimento.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 708
Se deroga.
A challenge for disqualification is admissible when, despite the existence of any of the impediments stated, the judges and instructing clerks do not recuse themselves. The challenge shall always be based on a legal cause.
I. (Repealed.)
II. (Repealed.)
III. (Repealed.)
IV. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709
Procede la recusación cuando, a pesar de existir alguno de los impedimentos expresados, los jueces y secretarios instructores no se excusen. La recusación siempre se fundará en causa legal.
I. Se deroga.
II. Se deroga.
III. Se deroga.
IV. Se deroga.
The challenge shall be filed before the Court hearing the matter, stating clearly and precisely the cause on which it is based. The Court shall immediately send the certified copy of the respective proceedings to the authority competent to resolve it: to the full court of the hierarchical superior or the corresponding analogous body in accordance with its legislation when jurisdiction is local, and to the corresponding Collegiate Circuit Court in the case of federal jurisdiction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-A
La recusación se interpondrá ante el Tribunal que conozca del asunto, expresándose con claridad y precisión la causa en que se funde. El Tribunal remitirá de inmediato el testimonio de las actuaciones respectivas a la autoridad competente para resolver, al pleno del superior jerárquico u órgano análogo que corresponda de conformidad con su legislación cuando la competencia sea del orden local y al Tribunal Colegiado de Circuito de corresponda, cuando se trate de competencia federal.
A challenge may only be admitted up to before the ruling on the admissibility of evidence at the preliminary hearing, or up to before the close of the pre-trial stage when:
I. The personnel of the Court changes, and
II. A supervening fact occurs that gives rise to the cause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-B
La recusación solo podrá admitirse hasta antes de la calificación sobre la admisibilidad de las pruebas en la audiencia preliminar, o hasta antes del cierre de la instrucción cuando:
I. Cambie el personal del Tribunal, y
II. Ocurra un hecho superveniente que funde la causa.
A challenge shall not be admitted:
I. When complying with letters rogatory, enforcement actions and other proceedings whose performance is entrusted by other Courts;
II. In the procedures referred to in Articles 982 through 991;
III. In other cases in which jurisdiction is not assumed and that do not involve hearing the merits of the case, and
IV. Against the magistrates and judges who hear a challenge.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-C
No se admitirá recusación:
I. Al cumplimentar exhortos, ejecuciones y demás diligencias cuya práctica se encomiende por otros Tribunales;
II. En los procedimientos a los que se refieren los artículos 982 al 991;
III. En los demás en que no se asuma jurisdicción ni impliquen conocimiento de causa, y
IV. En contra de los magistrados y jueces que conozcan de una recusación.
Any challenge shall be dismissed outright when:
I. It is untimely, and
II. It is not based on any of the causes referred to in Article 707 Bis of this Law, or it has previously been declared inadmissible.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-D
Se desechará de plano toda recusación cuando:
I. Sea extemporánea, y
II. No se funde en alguna de las causas a que se refiere el artículo 707 Bis de esta Ley, o anteriormente se haya declarado improcedente.
The challenge shall be resolved without summoning the opposing party and shall be processed as an interlocutory proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-E
La recusación se resolverá sin citación a la parte contraria y se tramitará en forma de incidente.
While the challenge is being ruled on, the procedure shall continue. If it is declared well founded, everything done from the date on which it was filed shall be null and void.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-F
En tanto se califica la recusación, se continuará con el procedimiento. Si se declara procedente, será nulo todo lo actuado a partir de la fecha en que se interpuso.
In the challenge, all means of evidence established by this Title are admissible, as well as the confession of the challenged official.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-G
En la recusación son admisibles todos los medios de prueba establecidos por este Título y además la confesión del funcionario recusado.
The resolution shall be communicated to the challenged official.
If the challenge is declared well founded, his or her intervention in the matter concerned shall end and he or she shall send the record to the corresponding Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-H
La resolución será comunicada al recusado.
Si la recusación se declara procedente, terminará su intervención en el asunto de que se trate y remitirá los autos al Tribunal que corresponda.
When it is declared unfounded, a fine shall be imposed on the challenging party in favor of the Fund to Support the Administration of Justice of the corresponding Judiciary, which shall be not less than 100 nor more than 500 Units of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-I
Cuando se declare improcedente, se impondrá al recusante una multa a favor del Fondo de Apoyo a la Administración de Justicia del Poder Judicial que corresponda, la cual no será inferior a 100 ni mayor a 500 Unidades de Medida y Actualización.
Once the challenge has been filed, the challenging party may not withdraw it at any time, nor change the cause.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 709-J
Una vez interpuesta la recusación, la parte recusante no podrá alzarla en ningún tiempo, ni variar la causa.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 710
Se deroga.
The procedure shall not be suspended while the report of an impediment is being processed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 711
El procedimiento no se suspenderá mientras se tramite la denuncia de impedimento.
CAPITULO V / De la Actuación de los Tribunales
When the worker does not know the name of the employer or the corporate name or firm name of the place where he or she works or worked, he or she must at least specify in the complaint the domicile of the company, establishment, office or place where he or she provided or provides the work and the activity in which the employer is engaged.
The mere filing of the complaint or of the conciliation request under the terms of the preceding paragraph interrupts the statute of limitations with respect to whoever turns out to be the worker's employer.
If the defendant no longer has its domicile where the services were provided, the worker shall inform the Court thereof, so that it may send official letters to the agencies it deems pertinent to locate the new domicile of the defendant. The Court must order the carrying out of any proceeding, among which it may send official letters to institutions that have an official registry of persons in order to obtain the name of the defendant and its location. Once the necessary information has been obtained, service of process shall be made.
If the information that would allow the Court to learn the defendant's domicile is not obtained, service of notice shall be made by publication and on the Internet site established for that purpose by the federal or local Judiciary in the case of persons whose domicile is unknown, after a report from an institution that has an official registry of persons. In this case, the procedure shall continue its course and the right that should have been exercised shall be deemed forfeited, without prejudice to the defendant being able, before the preliminary hearing, to offer evidence to the contrary to prove that the plaintiff was not a worker or employer, that there was no dismissal or that the facts asserted by the plaintiff are not true.
In this case, the publications shall be made twice, with an interval of three days between one and the other, giving notice that the summoned party must appear within a term that shall not be less than fifteen days nor exceed sixty days. They shall also be published in the official publication medium of the Court, including its Internet portal.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 712
Cuando el trabajador ignore el nombre del patrón o la denominación o razón social en donde labora o laboró, deberá precisar por lo menos en su escrito de demanda el domicilio de la empresa, establecimiento, oficina o lugar en donde prestó o presta el trabajo y la actividad a que se dedica el patrón.
La sola presentación de la demanda o de la instancia conciliatoria, en los términos del párrafo anterior interrumpe la prescripción respecto de quien resulte ser el patrón del trabajador.
Si el demandado ya no tiene su domicilio donde se prestaron los servicios, el trabajador lo hará del conocimiento del Tribunal, para que ésta gire oficios a las dependencias que considere pertinente, para localizar el nuevo domicilio del demandado. El Tribunal deberá ordenar el desahogo de cualquier diligencia, entre las cuales podrá girar oficios a instituciones que cuenten con registro oficial de personas a fin de que se obtenga el nombre del demandado y su localización. Una vez obtenida la información necesaria, se realizará el emplazamiento.
De no obtener la información que permita al Tribunal conocer el domicilio del demandado, se procederá a la notificación por edictos y en el sitio de Internet que para tal efecto establezca el Poder Judicial federal o local cuando se trate de personas cuyo domicilio se ignora, previo informe de una institución que cuente con registro oficial de personas. En este caso, el procedimiento seguirá su curso y se tendrá por perdido el derecho que debió ejercerse, sin perjuicio de que antes de la audiencia preliminar pueda la parte demandada ofrecer pruebas en contra para demostrar que el actor no era trabajador o patrón; que no existió el despido o que no son ciertos los hechos afirmados por la parte actora.
En este caso, los edictos se publicarán por dos veces, con un lapso de tres días entre uno y otro, haciéndose saber que debe de presentarse el citado, dentro de un término que no será inferior a quince días ni excederá de sesenta días. Asimismo, se publicarán en el medio oficial de difusión del Tribunal, incluyendo su portal de Internet.
The Courts shall have a receiving unit that shall provide service during the days indicated in Article 715 of this Law, and shall forward the writings it receives to the corresponding Court no later than the following day.
In the case of the special strike procedure, the receiving unit shall provide that service every day of the year.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 712 Bis
Los Tribunales tendrán una unidad receptora que proporcionará servicio durante los días señalados en el artículo 715 de esta Ley, y remitirán los escritos que reciba al Tribunal que corresponda, a más tardar al día siguiente.
Tratándose del procedimiento especial de huelga, la unidad receptora proporcionará dicho servicio todos los días del año.
In compiling case files, the Courts shall guarantee their fidelity, integrity, reproduction, preservation and safekeeping.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 712 Ter
En la integración de los expedientes, los Tribunales garantizarán su fidelidad, integridad, reproducción, conservación y resguardo.
The hearings held shall require the physical presence of the parties or their representatives or attorneys-in-fact, unless otherwise provided by Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 713
En las audiencias que se celebren se requerirá de la presencia física de las partes o de sus representantes o apoderados, salvo disposición en contrario de la Ley.
The proceedings of the Courts, of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) and of the Local Conciliation Centers must be carried out on business days and during business hours, under penalty of nullity, unless this Law provides otherwise.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 714
Las actuaciones de los Tribunales, del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral y de los Centros de Conciliación Locales deben practicarse en días y horas hábiles, bajo pena de nulidad, siempre que esta Ley no disponga otra cosa.
Business days are all days of the year except Saturdays and Sundays, mandatory rest days, the holidays indicated in the official calendar and those on which the labor authorities indicated in the preceding article suspend their work.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 715
Son días hábiles todos los del año con excepción de los sábados y domingos, los de descanso obligatorio, los festivos que señale el calendario oficial y aquéllos en que las autoridades laborales señaladas en el artículo anterior suspendan sus labores.
Business hours are those between seven and nineteen hours, except in the strike procedure, in which all days and hours are business days and hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 716
Son horas hábiles las comprendidas entre las siete y las diecinueve horas, salvo el procedimiento de huelga, en el que todos los días y horas son hábiles.
The Courts, the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) and the Local Conciliation Centers may enable non-business days and hours for the carrying out of proceedings when there is justified cause, stating specifically and clearly what that cause is, as well as the proceedings to be carried out.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 717
Los Tribunales, el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral y los Centros de Conciliación Locales pueden habilitar los días y horas inhábiles para que se practiquen diligencias, cuando haya causa justificada, expresando concreta y claramente cuál es ésta, así como las diligencias que hayan de practicarse.
A hearing or proceeding begun on a business day and during business hours may continue until its conclusion, without being suspended and without the need for express enablement. If it is suspended, it must be continued on the following business day; the Court shall record in the file the reason for the suspension.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 718
La audiencia o diligencia que se inicie en día y hora hábil podrá continuarse hasta su terminación, sin suspenderse y sin necesidad de habilitación expresa. En caso de que se suspenda deberá continuarse el siguiente día hábil; el Tribunal hará constar en autos la razón de la suspensión.
When a proceeding is not carried out on the date set, the Court shall record in the file the reason why it was not carried out and shall set, in the same order, the day and time for it to take place.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 719
Cuando en la fecha señalada no se llevare a cabo la práctica de alguna diligencia, el Tribunal hará constar en autos la razón por la cual no se practicó y señalará en el mismo acuerdo, el día y hora para que tenga lugar la misma.
Hearings shall be public. The Court may order, ex officio or at the request of a party, that they be held behind closed doors when the right to privacy could be violated or in the case of minors.
Hearings shall be presided over in their entirety by the judge; if this condition is not met, the respective proceedings shall be null and void by operation of law. At the beginning of hearings, the instructing clerk of the Court shall record orally in the recording the date, time and place where it is held, the names of the public servants of the Court, and of the other persons who will intervene.
The parties and the third parties who intervene in the course of the hearings must previously take an oath that they will tell the truth. For that purpose, the instructing clerk shall administer the oath to them, warning them of the penalties imposed on those who testify falsely.
The intervention of those who participate in them shall be oral.
The judge shall personally receive the statements and preside over all evidentiary acts under his or her strictest and personal responsibility; shall order the taking of evidence, direct the debate, require compliance with the corresponding formalities, moderate the discussion, prevent the pleadings from straying toward irrelevant or inadmissible aspects and may limit the time and number of occasions in which the interested parties intervene based on criteria of equity and procedural expeditiousness.
The judge shall determine the beginning and the conclusion of each of the stages of the hearing, so that the procedural rights that should have been exercised in each of them shall be deemed precluded.
Once the witnesses, experts or parties conclude their intervention, at their request they may leave the Court when the judge so authorizes.
At the end of the hearings, a record shall be drawn up which must contain, at least:
I. The place, the date and the case file to which it corresponds;
II. The names of those who intervene and a record of the non-attendance of those who should or could have been present, indicating the cause of the absence if known;
III. A brief account of the course of the hearing, and
IV. The signature of the judge and of the instructing clerk.
The instructing clerk must certify the medium in which the respective hearing is recorded, identify that medium with the case file number and take the necessary measures to prevent it from being altered.
The parties may request a simple or certified copy of the records or an electronic copy of the recordings in the procedure.
The preservation and safekeeping of the recordings shall be the responsibility of the Court that generated them, which must have the necessary backup, which shall be certified under the terms of this article.
The judge shall have the broadest disciplinary powers to maintain order during the debate and during the hearings, for which purpose he or she may exercise command over the public security forces and impose, without distinction, the disciplinary corrections referred to in Article 729 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 720
Las audiencias serán públicas. El Tribunal podrá ordenar, de oficio o a instancia de parte, que sean a puerta cerrada, cuando se puedan transgredir el derecho a la intimidad o tratándose de menores.
Las audiencias serán presididas íntegramente por el juez; de incumplirse esta condición las actuaciones respectivas serán nulas de pleno derecho. Al inicio de las audiencias, el secretario instructor del Tribunal hará constar oralmente en el registro la fecha, hora y lugar de realización, el nombre de los servidores públicos del Tribunal, y demás personas que intervendrán.
Las partes y los terceros que intervengan en el desarrollo de las audiencias deberán rendir previamente protesta de que se conducirán con verdad. Para tal efecto, el secretario instructor les tomará protesta, apercibiéndolos de las penas que se imponen a quienes declaran con falsedad.
La intervención de quienes participen en ellas será en forma oral.
El juez recibirá por sí mismo las declaraciones y presidirá todos los actos de prueba bajo su más estricta y personal responsabilidad; ordenará la práctica de las pruebas, dirigirá el debate, exigirá el cumplimiento de las formalidades que correspondan, moderará la discusión, impedirá que las alegaciones se desvíen hacia aspectos no pertinentes o inadmisibles y podrá limitar el tiempo y número de ocasiones en que intervengan los interesados con base en criterios de equidad y agilidad procesal.
El juez determinará el inicio y la conclusión de cada una de las etapas de la audiencia, por lo que se tendrán por precluídos los derechos procesales que debieron ejercerse en cada una de ellas.
Una vez que los testigos, peritos o partes concluyan su intervención, a petición de ellos podrán retirarse del Tribunal cuando el juez lo autorice.
Al terminar las audiencias, se levantará acta que deberá contener, cuando menos:
I. El lugar, la fecha y el expediente al que corresponde;
II. El nombre de quienes intervienen y la constancia de la inasistencia de los que debieron o pudieron estar presentes, indicándose la causa de la ausencia si se conoce;
III. Una relación sucinta del desarrollo de la audiencia, y
IV. La firma del juez y secretario instructor.
El secretario instructor deberá certificar el medio en donde se encuentre registrada la audiencia respectiva, identificar dicho medio con el número de expediente y tomar las medidas necesarias para evitar que pueda alterarse.
Las partes podrán solicitar copia simple o certificada de las actas o copia en medio electrónico de los registros que obren en el procedimiento.
La conservación y resguardo de los registros estará a cargo del Tribunal que los haya generado, los que deberán contar con el respaldo necesario, que se certificará en los términos de este artículo.
El juez contará con las más amplias facultades disciplinarias para mantener el orden durante el debate y durante las audiencias, para lo cual podrá ejercer el poder de mando de la fuerza pública e imponer indistintamente las correcciones disciplinarias a que se refiere el artículo 729 de esta Ley.
All procedural actions shall be authorized by the judge, except for the proceedings entrusted to other officials.
In order to constitute proof, hearings shall be recorded by electronic means, or any other suitable means in the judge's opinion, that makes it possible to guarantee the fidelity and integrity of the information, the preservation and reproduction of its content and access thereto by those who, in accordance with the law, are entitled to it.
The certification of the records kept through the Court's Digital System must be made by the competent Judicial Officer.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 721
Todas las actuaciones procesales serán autorizadas por el juez, excepción hecha de las diligencias encomendadas a otros funcionarios.
Para producir fe, las audiencias se registrarán por medios electrónicos, o cualquier otro idóneo a juicio del juez, que permita garantizar la fidelidad e integridad de la información, la conservación y reproducción de su contenido y el acceso a los mismos a quienes de acuerdo a la ley, tuvieren derecho a ella.
La certificación de las actas que se lleven a través del Sistema Digital del Tribunal deberá realizarla el Funcionario Judicial competente.
Statements made by the parties, their attorneys-in-fact or any person before the Court shall be made under oath to tell the truth and with a warning (apercibimiento) of the penalties incurred if they testify falsely before an authority.
Statements of experts in law shall be made under oath to tell the truth, without any warning being required.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 722
Las declaraciones que rindan las partes, sus apoderados o cualquier persona ante el Tribunal, las harán bajo protesta de decir verdad y bajo apercibimiento de las penas en que incurren si declaran falsamente ante autoridad.
Las declaraciones de peritos en derecho, serán rendidas bajo protesta de decir verdad, sin que se requiera apercibimiento alguno.
The Court, in accordance with the provisions of this Law, is required to issue to the requesting party a certified copy of any document or record in the case file. It must also certify the photocopy exhibited by the parties of any document or record appearing in the file, after comparison with the original.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 723
El Tribunal, conforme a lo establecido en esta Ley, está obligado a expedir a la parte solicitante, copia certificada de cualquier documento o constancia que obre en el expediente. También deberá certificar la copia fotostática que exhiban las partes de algún documento o constancia que aparezca en autos, previo cotejo que se haga con el original.
The Court may order the creation, dissemination and use of technological tools that include the systems necessary for consultation and action by the parties in the procedures established in Title Fourteen of this Law.
It may also order that case files that have been definitively concluded be discarded after certification of their microfilming or of their preservation through any other technical-scientific procedure that allows them to be consulted.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 724
El Tribunal, podrá acordar la creación, divulgación y utilización de herramientas tecnológicas en las que se incluyan los sistemas necesarios para la consulta y actuación de las partes en los procedimientos establecidos en el Título Catorce de la presente Ley.
También podrá acordar que los expedientes concluidos de manera definitiva sean dados de baja previa certificación de la microfilmación de los mismos o de su conservación a través de cualquier otro procedimiento técnico científico que permita su consulta.
In the event of the loss or disappearance of the case file or of any record, the Clerk, after a report from the archivist, shall certify the prior existence and subsequent absence of the case file or of the proceedings of the Court, ex officio or at the request of a party, and shall inform the parties thereof; shall proceed to carry out the relevant investigations and shall immediately process the replacement of the file, as an interlocutory matter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 725
En caso de extravío o desaparición del expediente o de alguna constancia, el Secretario, previo informe del archivista, certificará la existencia anterior y la falta posterior del expediente o de las actuaciones del Tribunal, de oficio o a petición de parte, lo hará del conocimiento de las partes; procederá a practicar las investigaciones del caso y a tramitar de inmediato la reposición de los autos, en forma incidental.
In the case of the preceding article, the Court shall set, within the following seventy-two hours, a day and time for a hearing at which the parties must provide all the elements, records and copies in their possession. The Court may order the carrying out of those actions and proceedings necessary to replace the file, taking into account, where applicable, the provisions of Article 724 of this Law.
The Court must provide the video recordings it has and the records existing in the Court's Digital System in order to carry out the replacement of the file.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 726
En el caso del artículo anterior, el Tribunal señalará dentro de las setenta y dos horas siguientes, día y hora para que tenga lugar una audiencia en la que las partes deberán aportar todos los elementos, constancias y copias que obren en su poder. El Tribunal podrá ordenar se practiquen aquellas actuaciones y diligencias necesarias para reponer los autos, teniendo en cuenta, en su caso, lo dispuesto por el artículo 724 de esta Ley.
El Tribunal deberá proporcionar las videograbaciones con que cuente y las actas que existan en el Sistema Digital del Tribunal, a fin de llevar a cabo la reposición de los autos.
The Court, ex officio, shall file the corresponding criminal complaint with the competent public prosecutor's office regarding the disappearance of the case file or proceeding, attaching a copy of the records and other proceedings carried out for that reason.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 727
El Tribunal, de oficio, hará la denuncia correspondiente ante el Ministerio Público competente de la desaparición del expediente o actuación, acompañando copia de las actas y demás diligencias practicadas con dicho motivo.
The Judges in charge of the Courts, as well as the heads and the conciliators of the Conciliation Centers and of the Decentralized Agency in charge of conciliation in Federal matters and of the Registration of all Collective Bargaining Agreements and Labor Union Organizations, may impose disciplinary corrections to maintain good order in the course of hearings or proceedings, and to require that they be shown due respect and consideration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 728
Los Jueces a cargo de los Tribunales, así como los titulares y los conciliadores de los Centros de Conciliación y del Organismo Descentralizado encargado de la conciliación en materia Federal y el Registro de todos los Contratos Colectivos y las Organizaciones Sindicales, podrán imponer correcciones disciplinarias, para mantener el buen orden en el desarrollo de las audiencias o diligencias, y exigir que se les guarde el respeto y la consideración debidos.
The disciplinary corrections that may be imposed are:
I. Reprimand;
II. Fine, which may not exceed 100 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA) at the time the offense is committed. In the case of workers, the fine may not exceed the amount of their daily pay or wage for one day. For the purposes of this article, attorneys-in-fact are not considered workers, and
III. Expulsion from the premises of the Court; any person who resists complying with the order shall be removed from the premises with the assistance of the public security forces.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 729
Las correcciones disciplinarias que pueden imponerse son:
I. Amonestación;
II. Multa, que no podrá exceder de 100 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización en el momento en que se cometa la falta. Tratándose de trabajadores, la multa no podrá exceder del importe de su jornal o salario en un día. Para los efectos de este artículo, no se considera trabajadores a los apoderados, y
III. Expulsión del local del Tribunal; la persona que se resista a cumplir la orden, será desalojada del local con el auxilio de la fuerza pública.
When the facts giving rise to the imposition of a disciplinary correction may constitute the commission of a crime, the Court shall draw up a detailed record and forward it to the public prosecutor's office for the appropriate purposes.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 730
Cuando los hechos que motiven la imposición de una corrección disciplinaria, puedan constituir la comisión de un delito, el Tribunal levantará un acta circunstanciada y la turnará al Ministerio Público, para los efectos conducentes.
The judge may use any of the means of enforcement necessary to ensure that persons attend the hearings at which their presence is indispensable or to ensure compliance with his or her resolutions.
The means of enforcement that may be used are:
I. Fine, which may not exceed 200 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA) at the time the contempt was committed. In the case of workers, the fine may not exceed the amount of their daily pay or wage for one day. For the purposes of this article, attorneys-in-fact and public officials who fail to comply with or disregard a judicial requirement or order shall not be considered workers.
II. Bringing the person before the Court with the assistance of the public security forces; and
III. Arrest for up to thirty-six hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 731
El juez podrá emplear, cualquiera de los medios de apremio necesarios, para que las personas concurran a las audiencias en las que su presencia es indispensable o para asegurar el cumplimiento de sus resoluciones.
Los medios de apremio que pueden emplearse son:
I. Multa, que no podrá exceder de 200 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización en el momento en que se cometió el desacato. Tratándose de trabajadores, la multa no podrá exceder del importe de su jornal o salario de un día. Para los efectos de este artículo, no se considerará trabajadores a los apoderados ni a los funcionarios públicos que incumplan o sean omisos con un requerimiento u orden judicial.
II. Presentación de la persona con auxilio de la fuerza pública; y
III. Arresto hasta por treinta y seis horas.
Disciplinary corrections and means of enforcement shall be imposed summarily, without any proceedings, and must state legal grounds and reasons. They may be challenged under the terms set forth in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 732
Las correcciones disciplinarias y medios de apremio se impondrán de plano, sin substanciación alguna, y deberán estar fundadas y motivadas. Podrán ser impugnadas en los términos señalados en esta Ley.
CAPITULO VI / De los Términos Procesales
Terms shall begin to run on the day following the day on which the service of notice takes effect, and the day of expiration shall be counted in them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 733
Los términos comenzarán a correr el día siguiente al en que surta efecto la notificación y se contará en ellos el día del vencimiento.
The days on which the Court ceases to act according to the work calendar approved by the Full Court shall not be counted in the terms, nor shall those days on which proceedings cannot be carried out due to acts of God or force majeure. Notices of suspension of work shall be published in the labor bulletin or on the notice board, as the case may be.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 734
En los términos no se computarán los días en que el Tribunal deje de actuar conforme al calendario de labores aprobado por el Pleno, así como cuando por caso fortuito o de fuerza mayor no puedan llevarse a cabo actuaciones. Los avisos de suspensión de labores se publicarán en el boletín laboral o en los estrados, en su caso.
When no term has been set for the performance of a procedural act or the exercise of a right, it shall be three business days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 735
Cuando la realización o práctica de algún acto procesal o el ejercicio de un derecho, no tengan fijado un término, éste será el de tres días hábiles.
For computing terms, months shall be deemed to be thirty calendar days; and business days shall be considered to consist of twenty-four calendar hours, counted from twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours, unless otherwise provided in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 736
Para computar los términos, los meses se regularán por el de treinta días naturales; y los días hábiles se consideraran de veinticuatro horas naturales, contados de las veinticuatro a las veinticuatro horas, salvo disposición contraria en esta Ley.
When the domicile of the defendant or of a party in the conciliation procedure is outside the place of residence of the Court or of the Conciliation Center, they shall extend the term concerned according to the distance, at the rate of one day for every 200 kilometers, from 3 to 12 days, taking into account the means of transportation and the general communication routes available.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 737
Cuando el domicilio de la persona demandada o parte en el procedimiento de conciliación se encuentre fuera del lugar de residencia del Tribunal, o del Centro de Conciliación, éstos ampliarán el término de que se trate en función de la distancia, a razón de un día por cada 200 kilómetros, de 3 a 12 días, tomando en cuenta los medios de transporte y las vías generales de comunicación existentes.
Once the terms set for the parties have elapsed, the right they should have exercised shall be deemed forfeited, without the need to declare default.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 738
Transcurridos los términos fijados a las partes, se tendrá por perdido su derecho que debieron ejercitar, sin necesidad de acusar rebeldía.
CAPITULO VII / De las Notificaciones
The parties, in their first appearance or writing, must designate a domicile for hearing and receiving service of notice within the place of residence of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), or of the Local Conciliation Center or of the Court to which they come; if they do not do so, personal service of notice shall be made through the bulletin or the notice board, as the case may be, under the terms provided in this Law.
Likewise, they must indicate the domicile of the defendant for receiving service of notice, or the last place where the worker provided his or her services. The service of notice is personal and shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Article 743 of this Law.
A person who appears as an interested third party in a proceeding must designate a physical domicile within the place of residence of the Court for receiving service of notice; if he or she does not do so, the provisions of the final part of the first paragraph of this article shall apply. Likewise, he or she shall be assigned an electronic mailbox in accordance with the provisions of this article.
The Conciliation Authority or the Court shall have a digital platform for serving notices electronically. For that purpose, it shall assign an electronic mailbox to the parties; those who attend the conciliation hearing and those who were served with process shall have the option of indicating that subsequent notices be served electronically in that mailbox. In this case, regardless of the notices that the Court must serve by posting on the notice board or in the bulletin, all notices, even subsequent personal ones in the conciliation or judicial procedure, shall be served to the assigned electronic mailbox, and the respective electronic acknowledgment of receipt must be obtained.
In the case of service of process and of the first notice for the pre-judicial conciliation hearing, service of notice must be personal.
If the parties name interested third parties, they must indicate in their initial submission the domicile of those parties for receiving service of notice.
In the case of collective disputes, the Conciliation Authority or the Court shall serve personal notices on the labor unions and the employers at the domiciles they have respectively indicated in the collective bargaining agreement, which shall be considered for hearing and receiving service of notice, unless a different one has been designated.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 739
Las partes, en su primera comparecencia o escrito, deberán señalar domicilio para oír y recibir notificaciones dentro del lugar de residencia del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, o del Centro de Conciliación Local o bien del Tribunal al que acudan; si no lo hacen, las notificaciones personales se harán por boletín o por estrados, según el caso, en los términos previstos en esta Ley.
Asimismo, deberán señalar el domicilio del demandado para recibir notificaciones, o el último lugar donde el trabajador prestó sus servicios. La notificación es personal y se diligenciará conforme a lo dispuesto en el artículo 743 de esta Ley.
La persona que comparezca como tercero interesado en un juicio, deberá señalar domicilio físico dentro del lugar de residencia del Tribunal para recibir notificaciones; si no lo hace, se estará a lo dispuesto en la parte final del primer párrafo de este artículo. Asimismo, se le asignará un buzón electrónico conforme a lo previsto en este artículo.
La Autoridad Conciliadora o el Tribunal contará con una plataforma digital para realizar notificaciones por vía electrónica. Para tal efecto, asignará un buzón electrónico a las partes; las que acudan a la audiencia de conciliación y las que fueron notificadas del emplazamiento a juicio, tendrán la opción de señalar que las posteriores notificaciones se realicen vía electrónica en dicho buzón. En este caso, independientemente de las notificaciones que el Tribunal deba realizar por estrados o boletín, todas las notificaciones, aún las personales posteriores en el procedimiento de conciliación o jurisdiccional se realizarán al buzón electrónico asignado, debiendo recabarse el acuse de recibo electrónico respectivo.
Cuando se trate del emplazamiento a juicio y de la primera notificación para la audiencia de conciliación prejudicial, las notificaciones deberán ser personales.
En caso de que las partes señalen terceros interesados, deberán indicar en su promoción inicial el domicilio de éstos para recibir notificaciones.
Tratándose de conflictos colectivos, la Autoridad Conciliadora o el Tribunal efectuará las notificaciones personales a los sindicatos y los patrones en los domicilios que respectivamente hayan señalado en el contrato colectivo de trabajo, el cual será considerado para oír y recibir notificaciones, salvo que se haya designado otro distinto.
Resolutions issued in labor proceedings must be served no later than the third business day following their issuance. The corresponding certification shall be entered immediately after that resolution.
The parties and the interested third party may authorize any person with legal capacity to hear and receive service of notice, even of a personal nature, and to examine the record.
When the parties and the interested third party have an Electronic Signature and intend that the persons authorized under the preceding paragraph use it on their behalf, they must inform the Conciliation Authority and the corresponding jurisdictional body thereof, indicating the limitations or revocation of powers in its use.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 739 Bis
Las resoluciones que se dicten en los juicios laborales deben notificarse a más tardar dentro del tercer día hábil siguiente. La razón que corresponda se asentará inmediatamente después de dicha resolución.
Las partes y el tercero interesado podrán autorizar a cualquier persona con capacidad legal para oír y recibir notificaciones aún las de carácter personal e imponerse de los autos.
Cuando las partes y el tercero interesado cuenten con Firma Electrónica y pretendan que los autorizados en términos del párrafo anterior, utilicen o hagan uso de ésta en su representación, deberán comunicarlo a la Autoridad Conciliadora y al órgano jurisdiccional correspondiente, señalando las limitaciones o revocación de facultades en el uso de la misma.
Service of notice in procedures before the Conciliation Centers and in labor proceedings shall be made:
I. Personally, in the cases established in Article 742 of this Law;
II. By official letter:
a) To the authorities referred to in Article 742 Ter of this Law, unless it is the first notice, in which case the provisions of Article 742 of this Law shall be observed, and
b) To the authority that has the status of interested third party;
III. By bulletin or printed and electronic list, in the cases not provided for in the preceding sections, and
IV. By electronic mailbox, to the parties who expressly so request and who have previously obtained the electronic signature.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 739 Ter
Las notificaciones en los procedimientos ante los Centros de Conciliación y en los juicios laborales se harán:
I. En forma personal, las establecidas en el artículo 742 de esta Ley;
II. Por oficio:
a) A las autoridades a que se refiere el artículo 742 Ter de esta Ley, salvo que se trate de la primera notificación, en cuyo caso se observará lo establecido en el artículo 742 de esta Ley, y
b) A la autoridad que tenga el carácter de tercero interesado;
III. Por boletín o lista impresa y electrónica, en los casos no previstos en las fracciones anteriores, y
IV. Por buzón electrónico, a las partes que expresamente así lo soliciten, y que previamente hayan obtenido la firma electrónica.
When the complaint does not state the name of the employer or of the company in which the worker works or worked, personal service of notice thereof shall be subject to the procedure established in Article 743 of this Law, as applicable, and the process server (actuario) must make sure that the place where service is made is precisely the one indicated by the plaintiff, and service shall be deemed made on the employer, even if the employer's name is unknown at the time it is made.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 740
Cuando en la demanda no se haya expresado el nombre del patrón o de la empresa en que trabaja o trabajó el trabajador, la notificación personal de la misma se sujetará al procedimiento establecido en el artículo 743 de esta Ley en lo conducente, debiendo cerciorarse el actuario de que el lugar donde efectúa la notificación es precisamente el indicado por el demandante, y la notificación se entenderá hecha al patrón, aunque al hacerla se ignore el nombre del mismo.
Personal service of notice shall be made at the domicile indicated in the record until a new house or premises is designated for that purpose; and service made under these conditions shall have full effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 741
Las notificaciones personales se harán en el domicilio señalado en autos, hasta en tanto no se designe nueva casa o local para ello; y las que se realicen en estas condiciones, surtirán plenamente sus efectos.
The following notices shall be served personally:
I. Service of process and the first order issued in the proceeding;
II. The order docketing the proceeding, issued by the Courts in the case files sent to them by courts of a different jurisdiction;
III. The resolution in which a Court declares that it lacks jurisdiction;
IV. The order issued upon receipt of the amparo judgment;
V. The resolution ordering the resumption of a procedure whose processing was interrupted or suspended for any legal cause;
VI. The order summoning a party to answer sworn questions or to respond to an interrogatory, provided that, for justified cause, the deponent or witness, in the judge's opinion, cannot be presented by the parties at the trial hearing;
VII. The resolution that third parties outside the proceeding must know;
VIII. The labor judgment, when it is not issued at the trial hearing;
IX. The order granting a term or setting a date for the worker to be reinstated;
X. The order directing the replacement of proceedings;
XI. In the cases referred to in Articles 772 and 774 of this Law; and
XII. In urgent cases or when special circumstances exist in the opinion of the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), the Local Conciliation Centers or the Courts, and
XIII. The first notice to appear at the mandatory conciliation hearing before the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration or the competent Local Conciliation Centers, except as provided in the third-to-last paragraph of Article 684-E of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 742
Se harán personalmente las notificaciones siguientes:
I. El emplazamiento a juicio y cuando se trate del primer proveído que se dicte en el mismo;
II. El auto de radicación del juicio, que dicten los Tribunales en los expedientes que les remitan los tribunales de otra competencia;
III. La resolución en que un Tribunal se declare incompetente;
IV. El auto que recaiga al recibir la sentencia de amparo;
V. La resolución que ordene la reanudación del procedimiento; cuya tramitación estuviese interrumpida o suspendida por cualquier causa legal;
VI. El auto que cite a absolver posiciones o responder un interrogatorio, siempre y cuando por causa justificada el absolvente o testigo, a criterio del juez no pueda ser presentado a la audiencia de juicio por las partes;
VII. La resolución que deban conocer los terceros extraños al juicio;
VIII. La sentencia laboral, cuando ésta no se dicte en la audiencia de juicio;
IX. El auto que conceda término o señale fecha para que el trabajador sea reinstalado;
X. El auto por el que se ordena la reposición de actuaciones;
XI. En los casos a que se refieren los artículos 772 y 774 de esta Ley; y
XII. En casos urgentes o cuando concurran circunstancias especiales a juicio del Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, los Centros de Conciliación Locales o los Tribunales, y
XIII. La primera notificación para comparecer a la audiencia obligatoria de conciliación ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o los Centros de Conciliación Locales competentes, a excepción de lo previsto en el antepenúltimo párrafo del artículo 684-E de esta Ley.
If the parties accepted that personal service of notice subsequent to service of process be made through the electronic mailbox, it shall be made by that means, without the need to send the order of service to the process server (actuario).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 742 Bis
Si las partes aceptaron que las notificaciones personales posteriores al emplazamiento a juicio se lleven a cabo mediante el buzón electrónico, éstas se harán por dicho medio, sin necesidad de remitir la orden de notificación al actuario.
In the case of Public Agencies or Bodies, service of notice subsequent to service of process shall be made to the electronic mailbox assigned under Article 739 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 742 Ter
Tratándose de Dependencias u Organismos Públicos, las notificaciones posteriores al emplazamiento a Juicio, se hará al buzón electrónico asignado en términos del artículo 739 de esta Ley.
The first personal service of notice shall be made in accordance with the following rules:
I. The process server (actuario) shall make sure that the person to be served lives, works or has his or her domicile in the house or premises indicated in the record for making the service;
II. If the interested party or his or her representative is present, the process server shall serve the resolution, delivering a copy thereof; in the case of a legal entity, the process server shall make sure that the person with whom the proceeding is conducted is its representative or legal attorney-in-fact;
III. If the interested party or his or her representative is not present, service shall be made on any person of legal age who is in the house or premises; the process server shall record the name of the person with whom the proceeding is conducted and shall specify whether that person lives at the domicile and the relationship he or she has with the person to be served and, where applicable, his or her job position;
IV. (Repealed.)
V. If, at the house or premises indicated for making the service, the interested party, his or her representative or the person with whom the proceeding is conducted refuses to receive the service, it shall be made by means of a notice affixed to its door, attaching a copy of the resolution, the process server recording in the certification the evidence that the person to be served undoubtedly lives, works or has his or her domicile in the house or premises indicated in the record for making the service, and
VI. In the case of Article 712 of this Law, the process server shall go to the place accompanied by the worker and shall make sure that the premises designated in the record are those where the services are or were provided.
In all cases referred to in this article, the process server shall enter a certification in the record, indicating clearly the evidence on which he or she relies, recording the exterior characteristics of the house, building, premises or physical space in which the service is carried out, and the means by which he or she ascertained that it is the domicile sought. If the person sought is not found, he or she shall record the given name and surnames of the person who receives the notice of service and the relationship that person has with the person sought or, where applicable, the job position he or she holds; if that person refuses to give his or her name or indicate the relationship he or she has with the person sought, the process server shall record his or her physical description. In any case, the evidence must show that the domicile corresponds to the one indicated for making the service and that the person sought lives, works or has his or her domicile in the house or premises where the process server is present. The process server may attach photographs or any other physical or electronic document to strengthen the evidence in the record or certification drawn up for that purpose.
The Courts and the Conciliation Centers shall establish a voluntary registration system so that companies, employers or individual employers have an electronic mailbox through which those authorities must inform them of the existence of any procedure for which service of process could not be made. In no case shall the notice given replace procedural service of notice; nevertheless, that circumstance must be recorded in the process server's certification. Likewise, they shall enter into the appropriate collaboration agreements with public bodies in order to facilitate locating the domicile of the parties.
In the case of the first notice to the worker in the pre-judicial stage, the provisions of Article 684 C of this Law shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 743
La primera notificación personal se hará de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. El actuario se cerciorará de que la persona que deba ser notificada, habita, trabaja o tiene su domicilio en la casa o local, señalado en autos para hacer la notificación;
II. Si está presente el interesado o su representante, el actuario notificará la resolución, entregando copia de la misma; si se trata de persona moral, el actuario se asegurará de que la persona con quien entiende la diligencia es representante o apoderado legal de aquélla;
III. Si no está presente el interesado o su representante, la notificación se hará a cualquier persona mayor de edad que se encuentre en la casa o local; el actuario asentará el nombre de la persona con la que se entiende la diligencia y especificará si la persona habita en el domicilio y la relación que ésta tiene con la persona que deba ser notificada y en su caso su puesto de trabajo;
IV. Se deroga.
V. Si en la casa o local señalado para hacer la notificación se negare el interesado, su representante o la persona con quien se entienda la diligencia a recibir la notificación, ésta se hará por instructivo que se fijará en la puerta de la misma, adjuntando una copia de la resolución, asentando en su razón los medios de convicción de que la persona que deba ser notificada indudablemente habita, trabaja o tiene su domicilio en la casa o local señalado en autos para hacer la notificación, y
VI. En el caso del artículo 712 de esta Ley, el actuario se constituirá acompañado del trabajador y se cerciorará de que el local designado en autos es aquel en que se prestan o se prestaron los servicios.
En todos los casos a que se refiere este artículo, el actuario asentará razón en autos, señalando con claridad los elementos de convicción en que se apoye, asentando las características exteriores de la casa, inmueble, local, o espacio físico en el que se realice la diligencia de notificación, y los medios por los que se cerciore de ser el domicilio buscado. En caso de no encontrarse la persona buscada asentará el nombre y apellidos de quien recibe la cédula de notificación y la relación que guarda con ésta o en su caso el puesto de trabajo que desempeña; si se rehúsa a dar su nombre o señalar la relación que tiene con la persona buscada, señalará la media filiación. En cualquier caso, los medios de convicción deben evidenciar que el domicilio corresponde al señalado para realizar la notificación y que la persona buscada habita, labora o tiene su domicilio en la casa o local en que se constituye. El actuario podrá anexar fotografías o cualquier otro documento físico o electrónico para robustecer los elementos de convicción de la constancia o razón que al efecto levante.
Los Tribunales y los Centros de Conciliación establecerán un sistema de registro voluntario para que las empresas, patrones o personas físicas empleadoras, cuenten con un buzón electrónico al que dichas autoridades deberán comunicarles la existencia de algún procedimiento cuyo emplazamiento no pudo efectuarse. En ningún caso, el aviso que se realice sustituirá las notificaciones procesales; no obstante, deberá constar tal circunstancia en la razón del actuario. Asimismo, llevarán a cabo los acuerdos de colaboración conducentes con organismos públicos, con el fin de facilitar la localización del domicilio de las partes.
Tratándose de la primera notificación al trabajador en la instancia prejudicial, se estará a lo dispuesto por el artículo 684 C de esta Ley.
Subsequent personal service of notice shall be made on the interested party or the person authorized for that purpose on the same day the resolution is issued, if he or she comes to the Court, or through the Digital System or Electronic Platform to the electronic mailbox assigned to the parties. If service is made by the process server (actuario) and the party or person to be served is not present, a copy of the resolution authorized by the process server shall be left; if the house or premises is closed, the copy shall be affixed to the entrance door or at the workplace.
The process server shall enter a certification in the record and, where applicable, photographs of the place and of the notice affixed.
Judicial resolutions pronounced at hearings shall be deemed served at that same moment, without the need for any formality, on those who are present or should have been present.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 744
Las ulteriores notificaciones personales se harán al interesado o persona autorizada para ello, el mismo día en que se dicte la resolución si concurre al Tribunal o mediante el Sistema Digital o Plataforma Electrónica al buzón electrónico que se haya asignado a las partes. En caso de que la notificación se realice por el actuario, si la parte o persona a notificar no se hallare presente, se le dejará una copia de la resolución autorizada por el actuario; si la casa o local está cerrado, se fijará la copia en la puerta de entrada o en el lugar de trabajo.
El actuario asentará razón en autos y en su caso fotos del lugar y la cédula que fije.
Las resoluciones judiciales pronunciadas en las audiencias se tendrán por notificadas en ese mismo acto, sin necesidad de formalidad alguna a quienes estén presentes o debieron haber estado.
Service of notice by official letter shall be made in accordance with the following rules:
I. If the domicile of the main office of the authority is in the place of the proceeding, the designated official shall make the delivery, obtaining the corresponding acknowledgment of receipt.
If the authority refuses to receive the official letter, the process server (actuario) shall inform the person in charge of the corresponding office that, notwithstanding this circumstance, service shall be deemed made. If the refusal persists despite this, he or she shall enter the certification in the record and service shall be deemed made, and
II. If the domicile of the authority is outside the place of the proceeding, the official letter shall be sent by letter rogatory through the electronic platform so that the requested authority makes the service on the day following its receipt.
When the domicile is outside the territorial district of the jurisdictional body hearing the proceeding, but within the metropolitan area, it may be ordered that service be made through the process server.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 744 Bis
Las notificaciones por oficio se harán conforme a las reglas siguientes:
I. Si el domicilio de la oficina principal de la autoridad se encuentra en el lugar del juicio, el funcionario designado hará la entrega, recabando la constancia de recibo correspondiente.
Si la autoridad se niega a recibir el oficio, el actuario hará del conocimiento del encargado de la oficina correspondiente que no obstante esta circunstancia, se tendrá por hecha la notificación. Si a pesar de esto subsiste la negativa, asentará la razón en autos y se tendrá por hecha, y
II. Si el domicilio de la autoridad se encuentra fuera del lugar del juicio, se enviará el oficio por exhorto a través de la plataforma electrónica para que la autoridad exhortada realice la notificación al día siguiente de su recepción.
Cuando el domicilio se encuentre fuera de la circunscripción territorial del órgano jurisdiccional que conozca del juicio, pero en zona conurbada, podrá ordenarse que la notificación se haga por medio del actuario.
The Federal Court and the Local Courts shall order the publication of a printed and electronic bulletin containing the list of notices that are not personal.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 745
El Tribunal Federal y los Tribunales Locales, deberán acordar la publicación de un boletín impreso y electrónico que contenga la lista de las notificaciones que no sean personales.
Notices by bulletin or list shall be posted and published on the premises of the jurisdictional body, in a visible and easily accessible place, as well as on the Internet portal of the Federal Judiciary and of the Judiciaries of the states (federal entities); in these cases, the Internet portals must have the option of consultation by jurisdictional body and by proceeding or case file number. The posting and publication of this list shall take place at the first business hour of the day following the date of the resolution ordering it and shall contain:
I. The number of the proceeding concerned;
II. The names of the parties;
III. The summary of the resolution being served.
The process server (actuario) or the official authorized for that purpose shall enter the respective certification in the case file.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 745 Bis
Las notificaciones por boletín o lista se fijarán y publicarán en el local del órgano jurisdiccional, en lugar visible y de fácil acceso, así como en el portal de Internet del Poder Judicial de la Federación y de los Poderes Judiciales de las Entidades Federativas; en estos casos los portales de Internet deberán tener la opción de consulta por órgano jurisdiccional y número de juicio o expediente. La fijación y publicación de esta lista se realizará a primera hora hábil del día siguiente al de la fecha de la resolución que la ordena y contendrá:
I. El número del juicio de que se trate;
II. El nombre de las partes;
III. La síntesis de la resolución que se notifica.
El actuario o el funcionario habilitado para tal efecto asentará en el expediente la razón respectiva.
Electronic service of notice shall be subject to the following rules:
I. The parties or interested third parties are required to access the assigned electronic mailbox every day and obtain the record referred to in section IV of Article 747 of this Law, within a maximum term of two days from the time the jurisdictional body sent it.
If they do not access the electronic system established for that purpose within the indicated terms, the Court shall deem the service made. When it deems it advisable due to the nature or significance of the act, it may order that the service be made through the process server (actuario), who shall record in the case file any of the foregoing situations, and
II. When, due to an act of God, force majeure or technical failures, the system is interrupted, making it impossible to send notices within the terms established in this Law, the parties must immediately notify the Court by any other means, and the Court shall communicate that circumstance to the administrative unit in charge of operating the system. While that situation lasts, the corresponding terms shall be suspended for the same period.
Once the system has been restored, the administrative unit in charge of operating the system shall send a report to the corresponding jurisdictional body or bodies, in which it must indicate the cause and duration of the interruption of the system, for the purposes of the corresponding computation.
The Court must notify the parties of the interruption of the system, informing them of the duration of the interruption, from its beginning until its restoration, as well as the moment at which the computation of the corresponding terms resumes.
In all cases, the respective service of notice or record shall be added to the file.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 745 Ter
Las notificaciones por vía electrónica se sujetarán a las reglas siguientes:
I. Las partes o terceros interesados están obligados a ingresar al buzón electrónico asignado todos los días y obtener la constancia a que se refiere la fracción IV del artículo 747 de esta Ley, en un plazo máximo de dos días a partir de que el órgano jurisdiccional la hubiere enviado.
De no ingresar dentro de los plazos señalados al sistema electrónico establecido para tal efecto, el Tribunal tendrá por hecha la notificación. Cuando éste lo estime conveniente por la naturaleza o trascendencia del acto, podrá ordenar que la notificación a realizar se haga por conducto del actuario, quien hará constar en el expediente cualquiera de las situaciones anteriores, y
II. Cuando por caso fortuito, fuerza mayor o por fallas técnicas se interrumpa el sistema, haciendo imposible el envío de notificaciones dentro de los plazos establecidos en esta Ley, las partes deberán dar aviso de inmediato por cualquier otra vía al Tribunal, el cual comunicará tal circunstancia a la unidad administrativa encargada de operar el sistema. En tanto dure dicha situación, se suspenderán, por ese mismo lapso los plazos correspondientes.
Una vez que se haya restablecido el sistema, la unidad administrativa encargada de operar el sistema enviará un reporte al o los órganos jurisdiccionales correspondientes en el que deberá señalar la causa y el tiempo de la interrupción del sistema, para efectos del cómputo correspondiente.
El Tribunal deberá notificar a las partes sobre la interrupción del sistema, haciéndoles saber el tiempo de interrupción, desde su inicio hasta su restablecimiento, así como el momento en que reinicie el cómputo de los plazos correspondientes.
En todos los casos la notificación o constancia respectiva se agregará a los autos.
Notices served on the parties in the Judicial Bulletin and electronic mailbox shall take effect, unless they are personal. The competent Court shall also publish such notices on the notice board of the authority.
The responsible Clerk or, where applicable, the official designated for that purpose shall record in the file the date of the respective publication and shall post daily, in a visible place on the premises of the Court, a copy of the Labor Bulletin or, where applicable, the lists of notices posted on the notice board, collecting both, in order to resolve any issue that may arise regarding the omission of any publication.
The lists of notices must be authorized and sealed on their date by the Clerk. The publication of the notices shall contain the date, the case file number and the names of the parties in the proceedings concerned.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 746
Surtirán sus efectos las notificaciones que se hagan a las partes en el Boletín Judicial, y buzón electrónico salvo que sean personales. El Tribunal competente publicará también dichas notificaciones en los estrados de la autoridad.
El Secretario responsable o en su caso el funcionario que al efecto se designe hará constar en autos la fecha de la publicación respectiva y fijará diariamente en lugar visible del local del Tribunal, un ejemplar del Boletín Laboral o, en su caso, las listas de las notificaciones por estrados; coleccionando unos y otras, para resolver cualquier cuestión que se suscite sobre la omisión de alguna publicación.
Las listas de notificaciones deberán ser autorizadas y selladas en su fecha por el Secretario. La publicación de las notificaciones contendrá la fecha, el número del expediente y los nombres de las partes en los juicios de que se trate.
Service of notice shall take effect as follows:
I. Personal service: on the day and at the hour it is made, counting from moment to moment, whatever the hour at which the service was made, unless otherwise provided by Law; and
II. Other service: on the day following its publication in the Bulletin, or in the list published on the notice board of the Court;
III. Within two days, service made to the electronic mailbox, and
IV. Service made electronically shall be made to the electronic mailbox assigned to each of the parties, when the record of the consultation made is generated, which the jurisdictional body shall, on the one hand, digitize for the electronic case file and, on the other, print and add to the corresponding printed case file as a record of service.
The record shall be understood to be generated when the electronic system of the Federal Judiciary and the local Judiciaries produces the notice of the time at which the corresponding judicial determination contained in the electronic file is retrieved.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 747
Las notificaciones surtirán sus efectos de la manera siguiente:
I. Las personales: el día y hora en que se practiquen, contándose de momento a momento, cualquiera que sea la hora en que se haya hecho la notificación, salvo disposición en contrario en la Ley; y
II. Las demás; al día siguiente al de su publicación en el Boletín, o en la lista que se publique en los estrados del Tribunal;
III. En dos días las que se realicen al buzón electrónico, y
IV. Las realizadas por vía electrónica, se harán al buzón electrónico asignado a cada una de las partes, cuando se genere la constancia de la consulta realizada, la cual, por una parte, el órgano jurisdiccional digitalizará para el expediente electrónico y, por otra, hará una impresión que agregará al expediente impreso correspondiente como constancia de notificación.
Se entiende generada la constancia cuando el sistema electrónico del Poder Judicial de la Federación y los Poderes Judiciales locales, produzca el aviso de la hora en que se recupere la determinación judicial correspondiente, contenida en el archivo electrónico.
Service of notice must be made during business hours at least twenty-four hours in advance of the day and time at which the proceeding is to take place, unless otherwise provided by Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 748
Las notificaciones deberán hacerse en horas hábiles con una anticipación de veinticuatro horas, por lo menos, del día y hora en que deba efectuarse la diligencia, salvo disposición en contrario de la Ley.
Service of notice made on the attorney-in-fact or on the persons expressly and legally authorized by the parties, accredited before the Court, shall have the same effects as if it had been made on the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 749
Las notificaciones hechas al apoderado o a las personas expresamente autorizadas legalmente por las partes, acreditadas ante el Tribunal, surtirán los mismos efectos que si se hubiesen hecho a ellas.
Notices, summonses or service of process must be made within the five days following their date, except when the resolution or the Law expressly provides otherwise.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 750
Las notificaciones, citaciones o emplazamientos deberán realizarse dentro de los cinco días siguientes a su fecha, salvo cuando expresamente en la resolución o en la Ley exista disposición en contrario.
The notice of service must contain at least:
I. Place, day and time at which the service is made;
II. The case file number;
III. The names of the parties;
IV. The name and domicile of the person or persons to be served; and
V. Authorized copy of the resolution, which shall be attached to the notice of service.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 751
La cédula de notificación deberá contener, por lo menos:
I. Lugar, día y hora en que se practique la notificación;
II. El número de expediente;
III. El nombre de las partes;
IV. El nombre y domicilio de la persona o personas que deban ser notificadas; y
V. Copia autorizada de la resolución que se anexará a la cédula.
Service of notice that is not made in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter is null and void.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 752
Son nulas las notificaciones que no se practiquen de conformidad a lo dispuesto en este Capítulo.
CAPITULO VIII / De los Exhortos y Despachos
Proceedings that cannot be carried out in the place of residence of the Court or of the Conciliation Authority hearing the proceeding or the conciliation procedure, as the case may be, must be entrusted by means of a letter rogatory to the Court or the Conciliation Authority, as applicable, of the domicile where they are to be carried out; and, if there are none in that place, to the authority closest to the corresponding place within the Mexican Republic.
The sending, receipt and return of letters rogatory, except in the case of the taking of witness testimony, shall be carried out via an electronic platform to which all labor justice authorities must be linked, whether the Court or the Conciliation Authority, at the federal and local levels.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 753
Las diligencias que no puedan practicarse en el lugar de residencia del Tribunal o de la Autoridad Conciliadora que conozca del juicio o del procedimiento conciliatorio, según sea el caso, deberán encomendarse por medio de exhorto al Tribunal o a la Autoridad Conciliadora, del domicilio en que deban practicarse según corresponda; y, de no haberlas en dicho lugar, a la autoridad más próxima al lugar que corresponda dentro de la República Mexicana.
El envío, recepción y devolución de los exhortos excepto en el caso de desahogo de prueba testimonial, se realizará vía plataforma electrónica en la que deben estar enlazadas todas las autoridades de justicia laboral ya sean el Tribunal o a la Autoridad Conciliadora del orden federal y local.
Proceedings to be carried out abroad shall only be authorized when it is shown that they are indispensable to prove the fundamental facts of the complaint or of the answer thereto.
In the case referred to in the preceding paragraph, the corresponding requisition shall be issued, taking into account the provisions of international treaties or agreements.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 754
Las diligencias que se practiquen en el extranjero, únicamente se autorizarán cuando se demuestre que son indispensables para probar los hechos fundamentales de la demanda o de su contestación.
En el caso a que se refiere el párrafo anterior, se librará el despacho correspondiente, tomando en cuenta lo dispuesto en los tratados o convenios internacionales.
In the absence of treaties or agreements, the following rules shall be observed:
I. Requisitions shall be sent through diplomatic channels to the place of residence of the corresponding authority, and the signatures of the authorities issuing them must be legalized; and
II. Legalization of signatures shall not be necessary if the laws or practices of the country to which the requisition is sent do not establish that requirement.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 755
A falta de tratados o convenios, deberá estarse a las siguientes reglas:
I. Los despachos serán remitidos por vía diplomática, al lugar de residencia de la autoridad correspondiente, debiendo ser legalizadas las firmas de las autoridades que los expidan; y
II. No será necesaria la legalización de firmas, si las leyes o prácticas del país a donde se libre el despacho, no establecen ese requisito.
In letters rogatory that are to be executed within the Mexican Republic, legalization of the signatures of the issuing authority is not required.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 756
En los exhortos que deban ser diligenciados dentro de la República Mexicana, no se requiere la legalización de firmas de la autoridad que los expida.
The Court must issue letters rogatory and requisitions on the day following the day on which the resolution ordering them takes effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 757
El Tribunal deberá expedir los exhortos y despachos, al día siguiente de aquél en que surta sus efectos la resolución que los ordene.
Letters rogatory and requisitions received by the Courts referred to in Article 753 shall be acted upon and must be executed within the following five days, except in cases in which, due to the nature of what is to be done, more time is necessarily required; in this case, the requested authority shall set the term it deems advisable, which may not exceed fifteen days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 758
Los exhortos y despachos que reciban los Tribunales a que se refiere el artículo 753, se proveerán y deberán diligenciar dentro de los cinco días siguientes, salvo en los casos en que por la naturaleza de lo que haya de practicarse, exija necesariamente mayor tiempo; en este caso, la autoridad requerida fijará el que crea conveniente sin que el termino fijado pueda exceder de quince días.
When the execution of a letter rogatory is delayed, the requested authority shall be reminded, ex officio or at the request of a party; if the delay continues despite the reminder, the requesting authority shall bring it to the attention of the Judicial Council corresponding to the sphere of action of the requested authority, and it shall be considered a manifestly improper act of delay on the part of the requested authority, under Article 48 Bis of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 759
Cuando se demore el cumplimiento de un exhorto, se recordará de oficio o a instancia de parte, a la autoridad exhortada; si a pesar del recordatorio continúa la demora, la autoridad exhortante lo pondrá en conocimiento del Consejo de la Judicatura que corresponda al ámbito de actuación del exhortado, y se considerará como un acto notoriamente improcedente de dilación por parte de la autoridad exhortada, en los términos del artículo 48 Bis de esta Ley.
The Court, at the request of a party, may deliver the letter rogatory and its attachments to the offering party, after entering a certification in the record, and that party, under his or her strictest responsibility, shall deliver it to the requested authority for execution.
The offering party shall return the executed letter rogatory to the requesting authority under his or her strictest responsibility.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 760
El Tribunal a solicitud de parte, podrá entregar el exhorto y sus anexos al oferente previa razón que deje en autos, quien bajo su más estricta responsabilidad lo entregará a la autoridad exhortada para su diligenciamiento.
El oferente devolverá el exhorto diligenciado bajo su más estricta responsabilidad a la exhortante.
CAPITULO IX / De los Incidentes
Interlocutory matters shall be processed within the main case file in which they are raised, except in the cases provided for in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 761
Los incidentes se tramitarán dentro del expediente principal donde se promueve, salvo los casos previstos en esta Ley.
The following issues shall be processed as interlocutory matters requiring a prior and special ruling.
I. Nullity;
II. Jurisdiction;
III. Standing;
IV. Joinder; and
V. Recusals.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 762
Se tramitarán como incidentes de previo y especial pronunciamiento las siguientes cuestiones.
I. Nulidad;
II. Competencia;
III. Personalidad;
IV. Acumulación; y
V. Excusas.
When an interlocutory motion for lack of standing is raised at a hearing or proceeding, it shall be conducted immediately, hearing the parties, and shall be resolved, the procedure continuing.
In the other cases referred to in the preceding article, a day and time shall be set for holding the interlocutory hearing, which shall take place within the following twenty-four hours, at which the parties may offer and present documentary and instrumental evidence so that the interlocutory matter is resolved immediately, the procedure continuing.
The provisions of the preceding paragraphs do not apply to the ordinary individual proceeding provided for in chapter XVII of this Title.
When an interlocutory motion is raised, its grounds shall be stated and the evidence on which it is based shall be attached; if these requirements are not met, the court shall dismiss it outright.
Interlocutory matters for which this Law does not provide special processing shall be resolved summarily, hearing the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 763
Cuando en una audiencia o diligencia se promueva incidente de falta de personalidad, se sustanciará de inmediato oyendo a las partes y se resolverá, continuándose el procedimiento.
En los demás casos a que se refiere el artículo anterior, se señalará día y hora para la celebración de la audiencia incidental, que se realizará dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes, en la que las partes podrán ofrecer y desahogar pruebas documentales e instrumentales para que de inmediato se resuelva el incidente, continuándose el procedimiento.
Lo establecido en los párrafos anteriores no aplica en lo que se refiere al juicio individual ordinario previsto en el capítulo XVII del presente Título.
Al promoverse un incidente, se señalarán los motivos de este y acompañarse las pruebas en que lo funde; de no cumplir con dichos requisitos, el tribunal lo desechará de plano.
Los incidentes que no tengan señalada una tramitación especial en esta Ley se resolverán de plano oyendo a las partes.
With regard to interlocutory motions raised in the Ordinary Individual Proceeding, they shall be conducted and resolved at the preliminary hearing, hearing the parties, without suspension of the procedure, except for the interlocutory motion for nullity, which must be raised within the three days following the day on which the irregular act becomes known, up to before judgment is issued. In this case, the judge shall set a day and time for holding the interlocutory hearing, which shall take place within the following twenty-four hours, at which documentary, instrumental and presumptive evidence may be offered and presented so that the interlocutory matter is resolved immediately, the procedure continuing.
Anyone who raises a manifestly improper interlocutory motion shall be fined up to 100 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 763 Bis
En lo que se refiere a los incidentes que se promuevan en el Juicio Individual Ordinario, los incidentes se sustanciarán y resolverán en la audiencia preliminar oyendo a las partes, sin suspensión del procedimiento, a excepción del incidente de nulidad, el que deberá promoverse dentro de los tres días siguientes en que se tenga conocimiento del acto irregular, hasta antes que se dicte sentencia. En este caso, el juez señalará día y hora para la celebración de la audiencia incidental que se realizará dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes, en la cual se podrán ofrecer y desahogar pruebas documentales, instrumentales y presuncionales para que de inmediato se resuelva el incidente, continuándose el procedimiento.
A quien promueva un incidente notoriamente improcedente, se le impondrá una multa de hasta 100 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
If the record shows that a person states that he or she is aware of a resolution, the defective or omitted service of notice shall take effect as if it had been made in accordance with the Law. In this case, any interlocutory motion for nullity that is raised shall be dismissed outright.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 764
Si en autos consta que una persona se manifiesta sabedora de una resolución, la notificación mal hecha u omitida surtirá sus efectos como si estuviese hecha conforme a la Ley. En este caso, el incidente de nulidad que se promueva será desechado de plano.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 765
(Se deroga).
CAPITULO X / De la Acumulación
In labor proceedings pending before the Courts, joinder is admissible ex officio or at the request of a party in the following cases:
I. In the case of proceedings brought by the same plaintiff against the same defendant in which the same benefits are claimed;
II. When the parties are the same, even if the benefits are different, but derived from the same employment relationship;
III. In the case of proceedings brought by different plaintiffs against the same defendant, if the dispute originated in the same fact derived from the employment relationship; and
IV. In all those cases in which, by their very nature, the benefits claimed or the facts giving rise to them may give rise to contradictory resolutions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 766
En los procesos de trabajo que se encuentren en trámite ante los Tribunales, procede la acumulación de oficio o a instancia de parte, en los casos siguientes:
I. Cuando se trate de juicios promovidos por el mismo actor contra el mismo demandado, en los que se reclamen las mismas prestaciones;
II. Cuando sean las mismas partes, aunque las prestaciones sean distintas, pero derivadas de una misma relación de trabajo;
III. Cuando se trate de juicios promovidos por diversos actores contra el mismo demandado, si el conflicto tuvo su origen en el mismo hecho derivado de la relación de trabajo; y
IV. En todos aquellos casos, que por su propia naturaleza las prestaciones reclamadas o los hechos que las motivaron, puedan originar resoluciones contradictorias.
If joinder is declared admissible, the most recent proceeding or proceedings shall be joined to the oldest.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 767
Si se declara procedente la acumulación, el juicio o juicios más recientes, se acumularán al más antiguo.
Complaints filed in relation to employer obligations regarding the training and instruction of workers and safety and hygiene in workplaces may not be joined to any other action. If any of these actions is brought together with others derived from the same employment relationship, the provisions of Article 699 shall apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 768
Las demandas presentadas en relación con las obligaciones patronales en materia de capacitación y adiestramiento de los trabajadores y seguridad e higiene en los centros de trabajo, no serán acumulables a ninguna otra acción. Si cualquiera de estas acciones se ejercita conjuntamente con otras derivadas de la misma relación de trabajo, se estará a lo dispuesto en el artículo 699.
Joinder declared admissible produces the following effects:
I. In the case of section I of Article 766, the proceedings in the joined proceeding or proceedings shall have no effect whatsoever and only the proceedings of the oldest proceeding shall have effect; and
II. In the cases provided for in sections II, III and IV of Article 766, the disputes shall be resolved by the same Court in a single resolution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 769
La acumulación declarada procedente, produce los siguientes efectos:
I. En el caso de la fracción I, del artículo 766, no surtirá efecto alguno lo actuado en el juicio o juicios acumulados y únicamente surtirán efecto las actuaciones del juicio más antiguo; y
II. En los casos previstos por las fracciones II, III y IV del artículo 766, los conflictos se resolverán por el mismo Tribunal en una sola resolución.
For the processing and resolution of joinder, the rules contained in Articles 761 through 765 shall be observed.
The Court that first took cognizance shall have jurisdiction to hear the joinder, observing, as applicable, the provisions of chapter III of this Title.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 770
Para la tramitación y resolución de la acumulación, se observarán las normas contenidas en los artículos 761 al 765.
Será competente para conocer de la acumulación el Tribunal que hubiere prevenido; observándose en lo conducente, lo dispuesto en el capítulo III de este Título.
CAPITULO XI / De la Continuación del Proceso y de la Caducidad
The Court shall ensure, under its strictest responsibility, that the proceedings processed before it do not remain inactive, ordering whatever is appropriate in accordance with the Law until judgment is issued, unless otherwise provided.
In the event of failure to comply with the foregoing, they shall be subject to the sanctions established by the Laws on administrative liability of public servants.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 771
El Tribunal cuidará, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad, que los juicios que ante él se tramiten no queden inactivos, proveyendo lo que conforme a la Ley corresponda hasta dictar sentencia, salvo disposición en contrario.
En caso de no cumplir lo anterior, se harán acreedores a las sanciones que establezcan las Leyes de responsabilidades administrativas de los servidores públicos.
When, in order to continue the processing of the proceeding under the terms of the preceding article, a submission by the worker is necessary and the worker has not made it within a period of forty-five calendar days, the Court must order that the worker be personally required to submit it, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if he or she fails to do so, the lapse for inactivity referred to in the following article shall operate.
If the worker is represented by a Labor Attorney, the Court shall serve the order concerned on the worker and on the Office of the Labor Defense Attorney, for the corresponding purposes. If the worker is not represented by the Office of the Attorney, it shall be informed of the order so that it may intervene with the worker and explain to him or her the legal consequences of the failure to make the submission, as well as provide legal advice in the event the worker requests it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 772
Cuando, para continuar el trámite del juicio en los términos del artículo que antecede, sea necesaria promoción del trabajador y éste no la haya efectuado dentro de un lapso de cuarenta y cinco días naturales, el Tribunal deberá ordenar que se le requiera personalmente para que la presente, apercibiéndolo de que, de no hacerlo, operará la caducidad a que se refiere el artículo siguiente.
Si el trabajador está patrocinado por un Procurador del Trabajo, el Tribunal notificará el acuerdo de que se trata al trabajador y a la Procuraduría de la Defensa del Trabajo, para los efectos correspondientes. Si no estuviera patrocinado por la Procuraduría, se le hará saber a ésta el acuerdo, para el efecto de que intervenga ante el trabajador y le precise las consecuencias legales de la falta de promoción, así como para que le brinde asesoría legal en caso de que el trabajador se la requiera.
The Court, at the request of a party, shall deem as having withdrawn the action brought any person who makes no submission within a term of four months, provided that such submission is necessary for the continuation of the procedure and the provisions of the preceding article have been complied with. That term shall not be deemed to operate if the plaintiff's evidence has been presented or if a resolution is pending on any submission of the parties referred to in this article, or the carrying out of any proceeding, or if an order is pending on the return of a letter rogatory or the receipt of reports or copies that have been requested from another authority within the procedure.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the Court shall summon the parties to a hearing at which, after hearing them and receiving the evidence they offer, which must refer exclusively to whether or not the withdrawal is admissible, it shall issue a resolution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 773
El Tribunal, a petición de parte, tendrá por desistida de la acción intentada a toda persona que no haga promoción alguna en el término de cuatro meses, siempre que esa promoción sea necesaria para la continuación del procedimiento y se haya cumplido lo dispuesto en el artículo anterior. No se considerará que dicho término opera si están desahogadas las pruebas del actor o está pendiente de dictarse resolución sobre alguna promoción de las partes a que se refiere este artículo, o la práctica de alguna diligencia, o se encuentre pendiente de acordarse la devolución de un exhorto o la recepción de informes o copias que se hubiesen solicitado a diversa autoridad dentro del procedimiento.
Para los efectos del párrafo anterior, el Tribunal citará a las partes a una audiencia, en la que después de oírlas y recibir las pruebas que ofrezcan, que deberán referirse exclusivamente a la procedencia o improcedencia del desistimiento, dictará resolución.
In the event of the worker's death, until his or her beneficiaries appear in the proceeding, the Court shall make the request to the Labor Defense Attorney under the terms and for the purposes referred to in Article 772 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 774
En caso de muerte del trabajador, mientras tanto comparecen a juicio sus beneficiarios, el Tribunal hará la solicitud al Procurador de la Defensa del Trabajo, en los términos y para los efectos a que se refiere el artículo 772 de esta Ley.
At any stage of the procedure, the parties may, through conciliation, enter into a settlement agreement that ends the proceeding; likewise, the defendant may acquiesce in whole or in part to the claim. In the first case, the proceeding shall be terminated; in the second, the procedure shall continue with respect to what is pending.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 774 Bis
En cualquier estado del procedimiento, las partes podrán, mediante la conciliación, celebrar un convenio que ponga fin al juicio; asimismo, el demandado podrá allanarse en todo o en parte a lo reclamado. En el primer supuesto, se dará por terminado el juicio; en el segundo, se continuará el procedimiento por lo pendiente.
The Assistant Attorney shall have the powers and responsibilities of an agent; he or she must file the submissions necessary for the continuation of the procedure until its full conclusion.
Once the requirements referred to in the preceding articles have been met, the representation of the assistant attorney in the proceeding in which he or she intervened shall cease.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 775
El Procurador Auxiliar tendrá las facultades y responsabilidades de un mandatario; deberá presentar las promociones necesarias para la continuación del procedimiento, hasta su total terminación.
Reunidos los requisitos a que se refieren los artículos que anteceden, cesará la representación del procurador auxiliar en el juicio en que intervino.
CAPITULO XII / De las Pruebas / Sección Primera / Reglas Generales
All means of evidence that are not contrary to morals and law are admissible in the process, and in particular the following:
I. Confession;
II. Documentary;
III. Testimonial;
IV. Expert;
V. Inspection;
VI. Presumptive;
VII. Record of proceedings; and
VIII. Photographs, film, fingerprint records, audio and video recordings, or the various information and communication technologies, such as computer systems, optical electronic media, fax, email, digital document, electronic signature or password and, in general, the means provided by scientific discoveries.
IX. The records of service of notice made through the Electronic Mailbox, and
X. Payroll receipts bearing a digital seal.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 776
Son admisibles en el proceso todos los medios de prueba que no sean contrarios a la moral y al derecho, y en especial los siguientes:
I. Confesional;
II. Documental;
III. Testimonial;
IV. Pericial;
V. Inspección;
VI. Presuncional;
VII. Instrumental de actuaciones; y
VIII. Fotografías, cintas cinematográficas, registros dactiloscópicos, grabaciones de audio y de video, o las distintas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, tales como sistemas informáticos, medios electrónicos ópticos, fax, correo electrónico, documento digital, firma electrónica o contraseña y, en general, los medios aportados por los descubrimientos de la ciencia.
IX. Las Constancias de notificación hechas a través del Buzón Electrónico, y
X. Los recibos de nómina con sello digital.
Evidence must refer to the disputed facts when they have not been admitted by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 777
Las pruebas deben referirse a los hechos controvertidos cuando no hayan sido confesados por las partes.
Evidence must be offered in accordance with the provisions for each of the procedures regulated by this Law.
Evidence referring to supervening facts may be offered up to before judgment is issued, within the three days following the day on which they become known. The Court must give the other parties notice of such evidence so that they may state whatever is in their right and interest and, where applicable, raise the corresponding objections; if necessary, a day and time shall be set for its presentation at a hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 778
Las pruebas deberán ofrecerse conforme a lo previsto para cada uno de los procedimientos regulados por esta Ley.
Las pruebas que se refieran a hechos supervenientes, podrán ofrecerse hasta antes de emitir sentencia, dentro de los tres días siguientes en que se tenga conocimiento de los mismos. El Tribunal deberá dar vista con dichas pruebas a las demás partes para que manifiesten lo que a su derecho e interés convenga y en su caso formulen las objeciones correspondientes; de ser necesario, se señalará día y hora para su desahogo en audiencia.
The Court shall reject evidence that is unrelated to the matter in dispute or that proves useless or irrelevant, stating the reason therefor.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 779
El Tribunal desechará aquellas pruebas que no tengan relación con la litis planteada o resulten inútiles o intrascendentes, expresando el motivo de ello.
Evidence shall be offered accompanied by all the elements necessary for its presentation.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 780
Las pruebas se ofrecerán acompañadas de todos los elementos necesarios para su desahogo.
The parties may freely question the persons who intervene in the presentation of evidence regarding the disputed facts, ask each other the questions they deem advisable, and examine the documents and objects exhibited.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 781
Las partes podrán interrogar libremente a las personas que intervengan en el desahogo de las pruebas sobre los hechos controvertidos, hacerse mutuamente las preguntas que juzguen convenientes, y examinar los documentos y objetos que se exhiban.
The Court may order, after summoning the parties, the examination of documents, objects and places, their inspection by process servers (actuarios) or experts and, in general, carry out the proceedings it deems advisable for the clarification of the truth, and shall require the parties to exhibit the documents and objects concerned.
The judge may freely question the parties and all those who intervene in the proceeding regarding the facts and circumstances that are conducive to ascertaining the truth.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 782
El Tribunal podrá ordenar con citación de las partes, el examen de documentos, objetos y lugares, su reconocimiento por actuarios o peritos y, en general, practicar las diligencias que juzgue conveniente para el esclarecimiento de la verdad y requerirá a las partes para que exhiban los documentos y objetos de que se trate.
El juez podrá interrogar libremente a las partes y a todos aquellos que intervengan en el juicio sobre los hechos y circunstancias que sean conducentes para averiguar la verdad.
Any authority or person outside the proceeding that has documents in its possession that may contribute to the clarification of the truth must provide them, no later than at the Trial Hearing, up to before the close of the pre-trial stage, when required to do so by the Court.
With regard to the ordinary individual proceeding referred to in chapter XVII of Title Fourteen of this Law, the documents must be provided at the Preliminary Hearing or, failing that, up to before the close of the pre-trial stage. The Courts must take the pertinent measures to comply with this provision.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 783
Toda autoridad o persona ajena al juicio que tenga documentos en su poder que puedan contribuir al esclarecimiento de la verdad deberá aportarlos, a más tardar en la Audiencia de Juicio, hasta antes del cierre de la instrucción, cuando le sean requeridos por el Tribunal.
En lo que hace al juicio individual ordinario a que se refiere el capítulo XVII del Título Catorce de esta Ley, los documentos deberán aportarse en la Audiencia Preliminar o en su defecto hasta antes del cierre de la instrucción. Los Tribunales deberán tomar las medidas pertinentes para cumplir con esta disposición.
The Court shall exempt the worker from the burden of proof when it is able to ascertain the facts by other means, and for that purpose, at the worker's request or if it deems it necessary, it shall require the employer to exhibit the documents that, in accordance with the laws, it has the legal obligation to keep at the company, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if they are not presented, the facts alleged by the worker shall be presumed true. In any case, it shall be incumbent on the employer to prove its assertions when there is a dispute over:
I. The worker's date of hire;
II. The worker's seniority;
III. The worker's absences;
IV. The cause of rescission of the employment relationship;
V. Termination of the employment relationship or contract for a specific project or term, under Articles 37, section I, and 53, section III, of this Law;
VI. Proof of having given the worker or the Court written notice of the date and cause of the dismissal.
A plain and simple denial of the dismissal does not reverse the burden of proof.
Likewise, the denial of the dismissal and the offer of employment made to the worker do not exempt the employer from proving its assertions;
VII. The employment contract;
VIII. Ordinary and extraordinary working hours, when the latter do not exceed nine hours per week;
IX. Payment for rest days and mandatory rest days, as well as of the year-end bonus (aguinaldo);
X. Enjoyment and payment of vacation;
XI. Payment of the Sunday, vacation and seniority premiums;
XII. Amount and payment of wages;
XIII. Payment of employee profit sharing (PTU); and
XIV. Enrollment in and contributions to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the National Housing Fund and the Retirement Savings System (SAR).
The loss or destruction of the documents indicated in this article due to an act of God or force majeure does not relieve the employer from proving its assertions by other means.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 784
El Tribunal eximirá de la carga de la prueba al trabajador, cuando por otros medios esté en posibilidad de llegar al conocimiento de los hechos, y para tal efecto a petición del trabajador o de considerarlo necesario requerirá al patrón para que exhiba los documentos que, de acuerdo con las leyes, tiene la obligación legal de conservar en la empresa, bajo el apercibimiento de que, de no presentarlos, se presumirán ciertos los hechos alegados por el trabajador. En todo caso, corresponderá al patrón probar su dicho cuando exista controversia sobre:
I. Fecha de ingreso del trabajador;
II. Antigüedad del trabajador;
III. Faltas de asistencia del trabajador;
IV. Causa de rescisión de la relación de trabajo;
V. Terminación de la relación o contrato de trabajo para obra o tiempo determinado, en los términos de los artículos 37, fracción I, y 53, fracción III, de esta Ley;
VI. Constancia de haber dado por escrito al trabajador o al Tribunal de la fecha y la causa del despido.
La negativa lisa y llana del despido, no revierte la carga de la prueba.
Asimismo, la negativa del despido y el ofrecimiento del empleo hecho al trabajador, no exime al patrón de probar su dicho;
VII. El contrato de trabajo;
VIII. Jornada de trabajo ordinaria y extraordinaria, cuando ésta no exceda de nueve horas semanales;
IX. Pagos de días de descanso y obligatorios, así como del aguinaldo;
X. Disfrute y pago de las vacaciones;
XI. Pago de las primas dominical, vacacional y de antigüedad;
XII. Monto y pago del salario;
XIII. Pago de la participación de los trabajadores en las utilidades de las empresas; y
XIV. Incorporación y aportaciones al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; al Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda y al Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro.
La pérdida o destrucción de los documentos señalados en este artículo, por caso fortuito o fuerza mayor, no releva al patrón de probar su dicho por otros medios.
If any person is unable, due to illness or other cause, to come to the premises of the Court to answer sworn questions, acknowledge the content or signature of a document or give testimony, and justifies this to the Court's satisfaction by means of a medical certificate or other reliable record exhibited under oath to tell the truth and indicating the domicile where the incapacitated person is located, the judge shall order what is necessary to present the evidence at the same hearing, either at the premises of the Court or at the domicile where that person is located, unless it is impossible to do so, which must be fully justified; in this case, a new day and time must be set to present the evidence within the following three days.
The judge may order the judicial process server (actuario) to go immediately to ascertain that the incapacitated person is at the domicile provided.
If that person is not at the domicile, he or she shall be deemed to have confessed or the documents referred to in the proceeding shall be deemed acknowledged, or the evidence shall be deemed abandoned, as the case may be.
Medical certificates must contain the name and professional license number of the person issuing them, the date and the pathological condition that prevents the summoned person from appearing. Medical certificates issued by public social security institutions do not need to be ratified.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 785
Si alguna persona está imposibilitada por enfermedad u otra causa para concurrir al local del Tribunal para absolver posiciones; reconocer el contenido o firma de un documento o rendir testimonio, y lo justifica a juicio del mismo, mediante certificado médico u otra constancia fehaciente que exhiba bajo protesta de decir verdad e indicando el domicilio en el que se encuentra la persona imposibilitada, el juez dispondrá lo necesario para desahogar la prueba en la misma audiencia, ya sea en el local del Tribunal o en el domicilio en el que se encuentre dicha persona, a menos que exista imposibilidad para ello, lo que deberá justificarse plenamente; en este caso se deberá señalar nuevo día y hora para desahogar la prueba dentro de los tres días siguientes.
El juez podrá ordenar que el actuario judicial se traslade de inmediato a efecto de que se cerciore que la persona imposibilitada se encuentra en el domicilio proporcionado.
De no encontrarse ésta en el domicilio se le declarará confeso o por reconocidos los documentos a que se refiere la diligencia o bien, por desierta la prueba, según sea el caso.
Los certificados médicos deberán contener el nombre y número de cédula profesional de quien los expida, la fecha y el estado patológico que impide la comparecencia del citado. Los certificados médicos expedidos por instituciones públicas de seguridad social no requieren ser ratificados.
Sección Segunda / De la Confesional
Each party may request that its counterparty be summoned to appear to answer sworn questions and respond to questions.
In the case of legal entities, the confession may be given through their legal representative or an attorney-in-fact with powers to answer sworn questions.
Labor unions or workers' or employers' organizations shall answer sworn questions through their secretary general or a member of the representation authorized by the bylaws, or through an attorney-in-fact with express powers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 786
Cada parte podrá solicitar que se cite a su contraparte para que concurra a absolver posiciones y responder preguntas.
Tratándose de personas morales, la confesional puede desahogarse por conducto de su representante legal o apoderado con facultades para absolver posiciones.
Los sindicatos u organizaciones de trabajadores o patrones absolverán posiciones por conducto de su secretario general o integrante de la representación estatutariamente autorizada o por apoderado con facultades expresas.
The parties may also request that directors, administrators, managers and, in general, persons who perform management and administrative functions in the company or establishment, as well as members of the leadership of labor unions, be summoned to answer sworn questions or respond to questions personally, when the facts giving rise to the dispute are their own and have been attributed to them in the complaint or the answer, or when by reason of their functions they should know them.
The presentation of the deponents referred to in the preceding paragraph for giving their confession at the trial hearing shall be the responsibility of the legal attorney-in-fact of the employer, unless the latter shows a justified cause preventing it, in which case the court shall summon the deponent through a process server (actuario).
The judge may reject the confession or interrogatory regarding the deponent's own acts when the deponent is sought to appear in the proceeding, if:
a) The circumstances provided for in the first paragraph of this article are not met;
b) It is superfluous or involves deponents whose confession or statement concerns the same facts;
c) The facts on which the deponent is to testify are implausible in the judge's opinion, and
d) His or her appearance is unnecessary or its presentation may cause an undue delay of the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 787
Las partes podrán también solicitar que se cite a absolver posiciones o responder preguntas personalmente a los directores, administradores, gerentes y, en general, a las personas que ejerzan funciones de dirección y administración, en la empresa o establecimiento, así como a los miembros de la directiva de los sindicatos, cuando los hechos que dieron origen al conflicto les sean propios y se les hayan atribuido en la demanda o contestación, o bien que por razones de sus funciones les deban ser conocidos.
La presentación de los absolventes a que se refiere el párrafo anterior para el desahogo de su confesional en la audiencia de juicio, quedará a cargo del apoderado legal de la parte patronal, salvo que demuestre causa justificada que lo impida, en cuyo caso el tribunal lo citará por conducto de actuario.
El juez podrá desechar la confesional o interrogatorio para hechos propios del absolvente que se pretenda comparezca a juicio, cuando:
a) No se cumplan las hipótesis previstas en el primer párrafo del presente artículo;
b) Sea sobreabundante o se trate de absolventes cuya confesión o declaración verse sobre los mismos hechos;
c) Cuando los hechos sobre los que se pretenda que declare, resulten inverosímiles a criterio del juez, y
d) Su comparecencia resulte innecesaria o su desahogo pueda causar una dilación indebida del juicio.
The judge shall order that the deponents be summoned personally or through their attorneys-in-fact, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if they do not attend on the day and at the time indicated, they shall be deemed to have confessed to the sworn questions put to them.
The judge may reduce the number of persons whom it is requested be summoned to give confession evidence when he or she considers that their statements may be a useless repetition regarding the same facts, or when he or she notices that an unnecessary delay of the proceeding will be caused.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 788
El juez ordenará se cite a los absolventes personalmente o por conducto de sus apoderados, apercibiéndolos de que, si no concurren el día y hora señalados, se les tendrá por confesos de las posiciones que se les articulen.
El juez podrá reducir el número de personas de quienes se pida sean citados a desahogar la prueba confesional, cuando estime que sus declaraciones puedan resultar una reiteración inútil sobre los mismos hechos, o cuando advierta que se causará una dilación innecesaria del juicio.
If the person summoned to respond to questions and answer sworn questions does not attend on the date and at the time indicated, the warning referred to in the preceding article shall be enforced and he or she shall be deemed to have confessed to the sworn questions that were put and qualified as lawful.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 789
Si la persona citada para responder preguntas y absolver posiciones, no concurre en la fecha y hora señalada, se hará efectivo el apercibimiento a que se refiere el artículo anterior y se le declarará confesa de las posiciones que se hubieren articulado y calificado de legales.
In taking confession evidence, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The questions and/or sworn questions shall be formulated orally at the time of the hearing by means of open questioning, without the presentation of written lists; they must refer to the disputed facts in clear and precise terms that can be understood without difficulty, and whose purpose is to clarify the truth of the facts;
II. The judge, ex officio or at the request of a party, may reject the questions that do not meet these requirements, justifying his or her decision; he or she may also put to the deponents the questions he or she deems pertinent, and order them to specify or clarify their answers;
III. The deponent, under oath to tell the truth, shall answer personally, without being assisted by any person. He or she may not use a draft of answers, but shall be allowed to consult notes if the judge decides that they are necessary to aid his or her memory;
IV. (Repealed.)
V. (Repealed.)
VI. The deponent shall answer the sworn questions or questions put to him or her, and may add the explanations he or she deems advisable or those requested by the Court;
VII. If the deponent refuses to answer or his or her answers are evasive, the Court, ex officio or at the request of a party, shall warn him or her at that moment that he or she will be deemed to have confessed to the facts attributed to him or her if he or she persists in doing so.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 790
En el desahogo de la prueba confesional se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Las preguntas y/o posiciones se formularán en forma oral en el momento de la audiencia mediante interrogatorio abierto, sin presentación de pliegos; deberán referirse a los hechos controvertidos en términos claros y precisos, que puedan ser entendidas sin dificultad, y cuyo fin sea esclarecer la verdad de los hechos;
II. El juez, de oficio o a petición de parte, podrá desechar las preguntas que no cumplan con dichos requisitos, justificando su decisión; también podrá formular a los absolventes las preguntas que estime pertinentes, así como ordenarles que precisen o aclaren sus respuestas;
III. El declarante bajo protesta de decir verdad, responderá por sí mismo, sin ser asistido por persona alguna. No podrá valerse de borrador de respuestas, pero se le permitirá que consulte notas o apuntes, si el juez resuelve que son necesarios para auxiliar su memoria;
IV. Se deroga.
V. Se deroga.
VI. El declarante contestará las posiciones o preguntas que se le formulen, pudiendo agregar las explicaciones que juzgue convenientes o las que le pida el Tribunal;
VII. Si el declarante se niega a responder o sus respuestas son evasivas, el Tribunal de oficio o a instancia de parte, lo apercibirá en el acto de tenerlo por confeso de los hechos que se le atribuyen si persiste en ello.
If there are several deponents, the proceedings shall be carried out in a manner that prevents those who testify first from communicating with those who testify afterwards; the latter shall remain in a room other than the one in which the hearing is held and shall be called to testify in the established order. This provision does not apply to the plaintiff or the defendant.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 790 Bis
Si fueren varios los declarantes, las diligencias se practicarán evitando que los que declaren primero se comuniquen con los que lo hagan después; éstos últimos permanecerán en una sala distinta a aquélla en donde se desarrolle la audiencia, por lo que serán llamados a declarar en el orden establecido. Esta disposición no aplica para el actor ni el demandado.
If the person who must answer sworn questions and respond to questions resides outside the place where the Court is located, the Court shall issue a letter rogatory so that the requested Court summons the deponent and provides what is necessary for the deponent to appear before the requesting Court through the requested Court on the day and at the time set for that purpose; that evidence shall be given remotely by videoconference, in which the requesting court shall conduct the taking of the confession.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 791
Si la persona que deba absolver posiciones y responder preguntas tiene su residencia fuera del lugar donde se encuentre el Tribunal, éste librará exhorto para que cite al declarante y provea lo necesario para que comparezca ante éste por conducto del Tribunal exhortado el día y hora señalados para tal efecto; dicha prueba se rendirá vía remota a través de videoconferencia, en la que el tribunal exhortante conducirá el desahogo de la confesional.
The assertions contained in the sworn questions formulated by the examining party shall be deemed an express and spontaneous confession.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 792
Se tendrán por confesión expresa y espontánea, las afirmaciones contenidas en las posiciones que formule el articulante.
When the deponent on his or her own acts no longer works for the company or establishment, once this fact has been verified, the party offering the evidence shall be required to provide the domicile where he or she must be summoned. If the offering party does not know the domicile, it shall inform the Court thereof before the date set for holding the Trial hearing at which the evidence is to be presented; the Court may request the company to provide the last domicile it has on record for that person. In the event that the person referred to in this article has stopped providing services to the company for a period of more than three months, the evidence shall change its nature to testimonial.
If the summoned person does not attend on the day and at the time indicated, the judge shall assess the pertinence of the evidence in relation to the disputed facts and may reject it if he or she considers that it is irrelevant to clarify them or that the difficulty of presenting it would cause an unjustified delay of the procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 793
Cuando el declarante para hechos propios ya no labore para la empresa o establecimiento, previa comprobación del hecho, el oferente de la prueba será requerido para que proporcione el domicilio donde deba ser citado. En caso de que el oferente ignore el domicilio, lo hará del conocimiento del Tribunal antes de la fecha señalada para la celebración de la audiencia de Juicio en que se desahogue la prueba; el Tribunal podrá solicitar a la empresa que proporcione el último domicilio que tenga registrado de dicha persona. En el supuesto de que la persona a que se refiere este artículo haya dejado de prestar sus servicios a la empresa por un término mayor de tres meses, la prueba cambiará su naturaleza a testimonial.
Si la persona citada no concurre el día y hora señalados, el juez valorará la pertinencia de la prueba en relación con los hechos controvertidos, pudiendo desecharla en caso de considerar que resulta irrelevante para esclarecerlos o la dificultad de su desahogo sea motivo del retraso injustificado del procedimiento.
The statements contained in the records and proceedings of the proceeding shall be deemed an express and spontaneous confession of the parties, without the need to offer them as evidence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 794
Se tendrán por confesión expresa y espontánea de las partes, sin necesidad de ser ofrecida como prueba, las manifestaciones contenidas en las constancias y las actuaciones del juicio.
Sección Tercera / De las documentales
Public documents are those whose preparation is entrusted by Law to an official vested with authority as a public attester, or to those public servants who issue them in the exercise of their functions.
Public documents issued by the authorities of the Federation, of the states, of Mexico City or of the municipalities and mayoralties, as well as of autonomous public bodies, shall constitute proof in the proceeding without the need for legalization.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 795
Son documentos públicos aquellos cuya formulación está encomendada por la Ley a un funcionario investido de fe pública, o a aquellos servidores públicos que los expidan en ejercicio de sus funciones.
Los documentos públicos expedidos por las autoridades de la Federación, de los estados, de la Ciudad de México o de los municipios y alcaldías, así como de los organismos públicos autónomos harán fe en el juicio sin necesidad de legalización.
Private documents are those that do not meet the conditions provided for in the preceding article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 796
Son documentos privados los que no reúnen las condiciones previstas por el artículo anterior.
The originals of private documents shall be submitted by the offering party that has them in its possession; if they are objected to as to content and signature, they shall be kept in the record until they are perfected; if they are not objected to, the offering party may request the return of the original, after a certified copy is placed in the record.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 797
Los originales de los documentos privados se presentarán por la parte oferente que los tenga en su poder; si éstos se objetan en cuanto a contenido y firma se dejarán en autos hasta su perfeccionamiento; en caso de no ser objetados, la oferente podrá solicitar la devolución del original, previa copia certificada en autos.
If the private document consists of a simple copy or photocopy, its comparison or collation with the original may be requested if it is objected to; for this purpose, the offering party must justify the reasons for or the impediment to not presenting it in the proceeding and specify the place where the original document is located. In this case, the judge shall require the holder thereof to present it at the trial hearing; if this is not possible due to a legal provision or material impediment, he or she may commission the process server (actuario) or clerk to carry it out; in order to carry out this means of perfection, the proceeding shall be carried out, as applicable, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 827 and 829 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 798
Si el documento privado consiste en copia simple o fotostática se podrá solicitar, en caso de ser objetado, la compulsa o cotejo con el original; para este efecto, la parte oferente deberá justificar los motivos o el impedimento para no presentarlo en juicio y precisar el lugar donde el documento original se encuentre. En este caso el juez requerirá al tenedor del mismo su presentación en la audiencia de juicio, de no ser posible ello por disposición legal o impedimento material, podrá comisionar al actuario o secretario para que lo lleve a cabo; a fin de desahogar este medio de perfeccionamiento la diligencia se efectuará, en lo conducente, conforme a lo señalado en los artículos 827 y 829 de esta Ley.
If the original document on which the collation or comparison is to be made is in the possession of a third party, that party shall be required to exhibit it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 799
Si el documento original sobre el que deba practicarse el cotejo o compulsa se encuentra en poder de un tercero, éste estará obligado a exhibirlo.
When a document originating from a third party outside the proceeding is challenged, it must be ratified as to its content and signature by its signatory, who must be summoned under section VII of Article 742 of this Law.
The counterparty may formulate questions regarding the suitability of the ratifying party as well as regarding the circumstantial elements of the facts contained in the document and those of its preparation, for which the rules established in Article 815 of this Law shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 800
Cuando un documento que provenga de tercero ajeno al juicio, resulta impugnado, deberá ser ratificado en su contenido y firma por el suscriptor, para lo cual deberá ser citado en los términos de la fracción VII del artículo 742 de esta Ley.
La contraparte podrá formular las preguntas en relación a la idoneidad del ratificante así como sobre los elementos circunstanciales de los hechos contenidos en el documento y los de su elaboración, para lo cual se observarán las reglas establecidas en el artículo 815 de esta Ley.
The interested parties shall present the originals of private documents and, when they form part of a book, file or bundle, shall exhibit a copy so that the part they indicate may be compared, indicating the place where they are located and justifying the circumstance for which they cannot exhibit them before the Court; in this case, the judge may commission a process server (actuario) or clerk to attest to the matters to be proven, observing, as applicable, the provisions of Articles 827 and 829 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 801
Los interesados presentarán los originales de los documentos privados y, cuando formen parte de un libro, expediente o legajo, exhibirán copia para que se compulse la parte que señalen, indicando el lugar en donde éstos se encuentren, debiendo justificar la circunstancia por la cual no puede exhibirlos en el Tribunal; en este caso el juez podrá comisionar a un actuario o secretario para que de fe de los extremos de la prueba, observando en lo conducente lo establecido en los artículos 827 y 829 de esta Ley.
The author of a private document is deemed to be the person who signs it.
Signing of a writing means the placing at the foot or in the margin thereof of the handwritten signature of its author or of his or her fingerprint, as an expression of the will to adopt it as his or her own.
The signature constitutes full proof of the preparation of the document on behalf of the signatory when it is ratified as to its content and signature or fingerprint, except in cases in which the content is not deemed to originate from the author, a circumstance that must be justified with suitable evidence, and in the case indicated in Article 33 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 802
Se reputa autor de un documento privado al que lo suscribe.
Se entiende por suscripción de un escrito la colocación al pie o al margen del mismo de la firma autógrafa de su autor o de su huella digital, como expresión de la voluntad de hacerlo suyo.
La suscripción hace plena fe de la formulación del documento por cuenta del suscriptor cuando sea ratificado en su contenido y firma o huella digital; excepto en los casos en que el contenido no se repute proveniente del autor, circunstancia que deberá justificarse con prueba idónea y del señalado en el artículo 33 de esta Ley.
Each party shall exhibit the documents or objects it offers as evidence so that they may be placed in the record. In the case of reports or copies that must be issued by an authority, the Court must request them directly, making sure to obtain them before the trial hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 803
Cada parte exhibirá los documentos u objetos que ofrezca como prueba para que obren en autos. Si se trata de informes, o copias, que deba expedir alguna autoridad, el Tribunal deberá solicitarlos directamente, asegurándose de recabarlos antes de la audiencia de juicio.
The employer has the obligation to keep and exhibit in the proceeding the documents specified below:
I. Individual employment contracts entered into, when there is no applicable collective bargaining agreement or industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley);
II. Payroll lists or personnel payroll, when kept at the workplace; or wage payment receipts;
III. Attendance records, when kept at the workplace;
IV. Proof of payment of profit sharing, vacation and year-end bonuses (aguinaldo), as well as the premiums referred to in this Law, and social security payments, contributions and dues; and
V. Such others as the laws indicate.
The documents indicated in section I must be kept for as long as the employment relationship lasts and for up to one year thereafter; those indicated in sections II, III and IV, during the last year and for one year after the employment relationship ends; and those mentioned in section V, as indicated by the Laws governing them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 804
El patrón tiene obligación de conservar y exhibir en juicio los documentos que a continuación se precisan:
I. Contratos individuales de trabajo que se celebren, cuando no exista contrato colectivo o contrato Ley aplicable;
II. Listas de raya o nómina de personal, cuando se lleven en el centro de trabajo; o recibos de pagos de salarios;
III. Controles de asistencia, cuando se lleven en el centro de trabajo;
IV. Comprobantes de pago de participación de utilidades, de vacaciones y de aguinaldos, así como las primas a que se refiere esta Ley, y pagos, aportaciones y cuotas de seguridad social; y
V. Los demás que señalen las leyes.
Los documentos señalados en la fracción I deberán conservarse mientras dure la relación laboral y hasta un año después; los señalados en las fracciones II, III y IV, durante el último año y un año después de que se extinga la relación laboral; y los mencionados en la fracción V, conforme lo señalen las Leyes que los rijan.
Failure to comply with the provisions of the preceding article shall establish the presumption that the facts stated by the plaintiff in the complaint in relation to such documents are true, unless there is evidence to the contrary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 805
El incumplimiento a lo dispuesto por el artículo anterior, establecerá la presunción de ser ciertos los hechos que el actor exprese en su demanda, en relación con tales documentos, salvo la prueba en contrario.
Whenever one of the litigants requests a copy or certified copy of a document, item or file kept in public offices, the opposing party shall have the right, at its own expense, to have it supplemented with whatever it deems pertinent from the same document, item or file.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 806
Siempre que uno de los litigantes pida copia o testimonio de un documento, pieza o expediente que obre en las oficinas públicas, la parte contraria tendrá derecho de que, a su costa, se adicione con lo que crea conducente del mismo documento, pieza o expediente.
Documents existing in the place where the proceeding is brought that are in the possession of the counterparty, authorities or third parties shall be subject to collation or comparison, at the request of the offering party, through the process server (actuario).
Documents existing in a place other than the residence of the Court that fall under any of the cases mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be collated or compared at the request of the offering party by means of a letter rogatory addressed to the corresponding authority.
For the comparison or collation to be admissible, a copy of the document that is to be perfected by this means must be exhibited at the hearing for the offering of evidence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 807
Los documentos existentes en el lugar donde se promueva el juicio, que se encuentren en poder de la contraparte, autoridades o terceros, serán objeto de cotejo o compulsa, a solicitud de la oferente, por conducto del actuario.
Los documentos existentes en lugar distinto del de la residencia del Tribunal, que se encuentren en cualquiera de los supuestos mencionados en el párrafo anterior, se cotejarán o compulsarán a solicitud del oferente, mediante exhorto dirigido a la autoridad que corresponda.
Para que proceda la compulsa o cotejo, deberá exhibirse en la audiencia de ofrecimiento de pruebas, copia del documento que por este medio deba ser perfeccionado.
In order to constitute proof in the Republic, documents originating abroad must be submitted duly legalized by the diplomatic or consular authorities, under the terms established by the relevant Laws or international treaties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 808
Para que hagan fe en la República, los documentos procedentes del extranjero deberán presentarse debidamente legalizados por las autoridades diplomáticas o consulares, en los términos que establezcan las Leyes relativas o los tratados internacionales.
Documents submitted in a foreign language must be accompanied by their translation; the court shall, ex officio, immediately appoint an official translator, who shall submit and ratify, under oath to tell the truth, the translation made within a term of five days; the judge must take the necessary measures to ensure that the translation is ready before the trial hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 809
Los documentos que se presenten en idioma extranjero deberán acompañarse de su traducción; el tribunal de oficio nombrará inmediatamente traductor oficial, el cual presentará y ratificará, bajo protesta de decir verdad, la traducción que haga dentro del término de cinco días; el juez deberá tomar las medidas necesarias para que dicha traducción esté lista antes de la audiencia de juicio.
Copies give rise to the presumption of the existence of the originals, in accordance with the applicable rules; but if their accuracy is called into question, their collation with the originals from which they were taken must be ordered, provided that this was offered.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 810
Las copias hacen presumir la existencia de los originales, conforme a las reglas procedentes; pero si se pone en duda su exactitud, deberá ordenarse su cotejo con los originales de que se tomaron, siempre y cuando así se haya ofrecido.
If the authenticity of a document is objected to as to content, signature or fingerprint, the parties may offer evidence regarding the objections, which shall be received, if admissible, at the hearing for the presentation of evidence referred to in Article 884 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 811
Si se objeta la autenticidad de algún documento en cuanto a contenido, firma o huella digital; las partes podrán ofrecer pruebas con respecto a las objeciones, las que se recibirán, si fueren procedentes, en la audiencia de desahogo de pruebas a que se refiere el artículo 884 de esta Ley.
When public documents contain declarations or statements made by private parties, they only prove that such declarations or statements were made before the authority that issued the document.
The declarations or statements concerned constitute proof against those who made them or attended the act in which they were made and expressed their agreement with them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 812
Cuando los documentos públicos contengan declaraciones o manifestaciones hechas por particulares, sólo prueban que las mismas fueron hechas ante la autoridad que expidió el documento.
Las declaraciones o manifestaciones de que se trate prueban contra quienes las hicieron o asistieron al acto en que fueron hechas, y se manifestaron conformes con ellas.
Sección Cuarta / De la Testimonial
All those who have knowledge of the facts that the parties must prove are required to testify as witnesses.
The party offering testimonial evidence must comply with the following requirements:
I. A maximum of three witnesses may be offered for each disputed fact that is sought to be proven;
II. It shall indicate the names and domiciles of the witnesses; when there is an impediment to presenting the witnesses directly, the Court must be requested to summon them, indicating the justified cause or reason preventing it, in which case the party must provide their domiciles and, if these turn out to be incorrect, the offering party shall be responsible for presenting them;
III. If the witness resides outside the place of residence of the Court, the offering party must, when offering the evidence, attach a written interrogatory according to which the witness is to be examined and exhibit copies for each of the parties; if it fails to do so, the evidence shall be declared abandoned. The copies of the interrogatory shall be made available to the other parties so that within a term of three days they may submit their list of cross-questions in a sealed envelope.
The Court shall issue a letter rogatory, attaching, in a closed and sealed envelope, the interrogatories previously qualified, where applicable; a copy of which shall be made and kept in the Court's confidential file, so that the evidence may be taken by the requested Court.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if there is no technical or material impediment, the court may order that the evidence be given remotely by videoconference, when possible, for which purpose the requested court must ensure that the witness is in the hearing room it provides for carrying out that evidence;
IV. When the witness is a public servant at the level of Director or similar, he or she shall give his or her statement by means of an official letter in the form of a report, observing the provisions of this article insofar as applicable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 813
Todos los que tengan conocimiento de los hechos que las partes deben probar, están obligados a declarar como testigos.
La parte que ofrezca prueba testimonial deberá cumplir con los requisitos siguientes:
I. Sólo podrán ofrecerse un máximo de tres testigos por cada hecho controvertido que se pretenda probar;
II. Indicará los nombres y domicilios de los testigos; cuando exista impedimento para presentar directamente a los testigos, deberá solicitarse al Tribunal que los cite, señalando la causa o motivo justificados que se lo impidan, en cuyo caso deberá proporcionar su domicilio y, de resultar éstos incorrectos, quedará a cargo del oferente su presentación;
III. Si el testigo radica fuera del lugar de residencia del Tribunal, el oferente deberá al ofrecer la prueba, acompañar interrogatorio por escrito, al tenor del cual deberá ser examinado el testigo y exhibir copias para cada una de las partes, de no hacerlo, se declarará desierta. Las copias del interrogatorio, se pondrán a disposición de las demás partes, para que dentro del término de tres días presenten su pliego de repreguntas en sobre cerrado.
El Tribunal, librará exhorto, acompañando, en sobre cerrado y sellado, los interrogatorios en su caso previamente calificados; del que deberá sacarse una copia que se guardará en el secreto del Tribunal, para que sea desahogado por el Tribunal exhortado.
No obstante, lo anterior de no existir impedimento técnico o material, el tribunal podrá ordenar que el desahogo de la prueba se rinda vía remota, a través de videoconferencia, cuando sea posible, para lo cual el tribunal exhortado deberá asegurarse de que el testigo se encuentre en la sala de audiencias que disponga para llevar a cabo dicha prueba;
IV. Cuando el testigo sea servidor público, desde el nivel de Dirección o similar, rendirá su declaración por medio de oficio en vía de informe, observándose lo dispuesto en este artículo en lo que sea aplicable.
The Court, in the case of section II of the preceding article, shall order that the witness be summoned to give his or her statement at the time and on the day set for that purpose, with the warning (apercibimiento) that he or she will be brought by the public security forces.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 814
El Tribunal, en el caso de la fracción II del artículo anterior, ordenará que se cite al testigo para que rinda su declaración en la hora y día que al efecto se señale, con el apercibimiento de ser presentado por medio de la fuerza pública.
In taking testimonial evidence, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The party offering the evidence shall present its witnesses directly, except as provided in Article 813, and the Court shall proceed to receive their testimony;
II. Prior to the beginning of the appearance, the Court must require the person appearing to give the corresponding evidence to identify himself or herself with any official document; and, if he or she fails to do so at the time of the hearing, the corresponding statement shall be rendered without effect. The foregoing may be waived if the parties recognize the witness; the witness's name, age, domicile, occupation, position and place of work shall be recorded, as well as whether he or she is related by blood or affinity to any of the parties or their representatives, whether he or she is a dependent or employee of the party presenting him or her, whether he or she has a partnership or any other relationship with that party, whether he or she has a direct or indirect interest in the procedure, and whether he or she is a friend of any of the parties, after which his or her statement shall be taken;
III. Witnesses shall be examined separately, in the order in which they were offered. Interrogatories shall be formulated orally, except as provided in sections III and IV of Article 813 of this Law;
IV. The Court shall administer to the witness the oath to tell the truth and shall warn him or her of the penalties incurred by false witnesses;
V. The parties shall formulate the questions verbally and directly, and they must not have been previously asked of the same witness nor imply the answer.
Ambiguous or leading questions, questions referring to facts and circumstances unrelated to the subject of the evidence or questions intended to coerce the witnesses shall not be permitted.
Questions may be objected to by the counterparty before the witness gives his or her answer, in which case the judge shall rule on whether the question is admitted or rejected, stating the grounds for his or her determination.
If, in the judge's opinion, there are points that have not been sufficiently clarified, he or she may order the witness to clarify them;
VI. The party offering the evidence shall question first, followed by the other parties. The Court, when it deems it pertinent, shall examine the witness directly;
VII. The questions and answers shall be recorded in the file through graphic, documentary, audio or audiovisual means. For this purpose, the court shall implement the systems it deems necessary to keep a record of the course of the hearing, favoring the principles of promptness, concentration and procedural expeditiousness. In no case shall the dictation of the questions and answers be permitted;
VIII. Witnesses are required to give the basis for their statements, and the Court must request it with respect to answers that do not already contain it;
IX. (Repealed.)
X. (Repealed.)
XI. The taking of this evidence is indivisible, unless any of the witnesses resides outside the place of residence of the Court and the evidence has to be taken by letter rogatory, in which case the judge shall adopt the pertinent measures so that the other witnesses do not have prior knowledge of the statements already given;
XII. During direct examination and cross-examination, in order to overcome or reveal contradictions, or to request the pertinent clarifications, the parties or their attorneys-in-fact may show the witness documents prepared by the witness or in which the witness participated, and ask him or her to read part of them, when necessary to refresh his or her memory. Only documents that form part of the record may be shown, and
XIII. In due course, the parties may state whatever is in their interest regarding the personal circumstances of the witnesses and the truthfulness of their statements, as established in Article 818 of this Law.
If the witness so requests, he or she shall be given a certificate of having attended the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 815
En el desahogo de la prueba testimonial se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El oferente de la prueba presentará directamente a sus testigos, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 813, y el Tribunal procederá a recibir su testimonio;
II. Previo al inicio de la comparecencia, el Tribunal deberá requerir a la persona que comparezca a desahogar la prueba correspondiente para que se identifique con cualquier documento oficial; y, si no lo hiciere en el momento de la audiencia, se dejará sin efectos la declaración correspondiente. Podrá dispensarse lo anterior sí las partes reconocen al testigo; se harán constar el nombre, edad, domicilio, ocupación, puesto y lugar en que trabaja, si guarda parentesco por consanguinidad o afinidad de alguna de las partes o sus representantes, si es dependiente o empleado del que lo presente, si tiene con él sociedad o alguna otra relación, si tiene interés directo o indirecto en el procedimiento, si es amigo de alguna de las partes y a continuación se procederá a tomar su declaración;
III. Los testigos serán examinados por separado, en el orden en que fueran ofrecidos. Los interrogatorios se formularán oralmente, salvo lo dispuesto en las fracciones III y IV del artículo 813 de esta Ley;
IV. El Tribunal tomará al testigo la protesta de conducirse con verdad y lo advertirá de las penas en que incurren los testigos falsos;
V. Las partes formularán las preguntas en forma verbal y directamente y que no se hayan hecho con anterioridad al mismo testigo, o lleven implícita la contestación.
No se permitirán preguntas ambiguas, indicativas, ni referirse a hechos y circunstancias ajenas al objeto de la prueba o que pretendan coaccionar a los testigos.
Las preguntas podrán ser objetadas por la contraparte antes de que el testigo emita su respuesta, para lo cual el juez procederá a calificar la procedencia o desechamiento de la pregunta, fundando su determinación.
Si a juicio del juez hubiere puntos no suficientemente esclarecidos, podrá ordenar al testigo que lo aclare;
VI. Primero interrogará el oferente de la prueba y posteriormente las demás partes. El Tribunal, cuando lo estime pertinente, examinará directamente al testigo;
VII. Las preguntas y las respuestas se harán constar en autos a través de medios gráficos, documentales, de audio o audiovisuales. Para ello el tribunal implementará los sistemas que considere necesarios para dejar constancia del desarrollo de la audiencia, privilegiando los principios de inmediatez, concentración y celeridad procesal. En ningún caso se permitirá el dictado de las preguntas y respuestas;
VIII. Los testigos están obligados a dar la razón de su dicho, y el Tribunal deberá solicitarla, respecto de las respuestas que no la lleven ya en sí;
IX. Se deroga.
X. Se deroga.
XI. El desahogo de esta prueba es indivisible, salvo que alguno de los testigos radique fuera del lugar de residencia del Tribunal y que la prueba tenga que desahogarse por exhorto, en cuyo caso el juzgador adoptará las medidas pertinentes para que los otros testigos no tengan conocimiento previo de las declaraciones desahogadas;
XII. Durante el interrogatorio y contrainterrogatorio, para superar o evidenciar contradicciones, o solicitar las aclaraciones pertinentes, las partes o sus apoderados podrán poner a la vista del testigo documentos elaborados por éste o en los que hubiere participado, así como pedirle que lea parte de los mismos, cuando sea necesario para apoyar su memoria. Solo podrán ponerse a la vista documentos que formen parte de los autos, y
XIII. En su oportunidad, las partes podrán manifestar lo que a su interés convenga respecto de las circunstancias personales de los testigos y de la veracidad de sus manifestaciones, conforme lo establece el artículo 818 de esta Ley.
Si el testigo lo solicita, se le extenderá una constancia de que asistió a la diligencia.
If the witness does not speak the Spanish language, he or she shall give his or her statement through an interpreter, who shall be appointed by the Court and shall take an oath to perform faithfully. When the offering party so requests, in addition to the statement being recorded in Spanish, it must be written in the witness's own language, by the witness or by the interpreter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 816
Si el testigo no habla el idioma español, rendirá su declaración por medio de intérprete, que será nombrado por el Tribunal, el que protestará su fiel desempeño. Cuando el oferente lo pidiere, además de asentarse su declaración en español, deberá escribirse en su propio idioma, por él o por el intérprete.
The Court, when issuing the letter rogatory to take testimonial evidence, shall attach the interrogatories with the qualified questions and cross-questions, according to which the evidence must be taken, without the parties being able to expand them, and shall indicate to the requested authority the names of the persons who are entitled to intervene in the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 817
El Tribunal, al girar el exhorto para desahogar la prueba testimonial, acompañará los interrogatorios con las preguntas y las repreguntas calificadas, a cuyo tenor deberá desahogarse la prueba, sin que las partes puedan ampliarlos, e indicará a la autoridad exhortada los nombres de las personas que tienen facultad para intervenir en la diligencia.
Objections to witnesses shall be raised orally at the conclusion of the taking of the evidence for assessment by the Court.
When a witness is objected to as false, the Court shall receive the evidence at the trial hearing. Only documentary evidence, evidence contained in electronic media, presumptive evidence and evidence that is presented by its own special nature shall be admitted. Once this evidence has been presented and after hearing the parties, the matter shall be resolved at the same trial hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 818
Las objeciones a los testigos se formularán oralmente al concluir el desahogo de la prueba para su apreciación por el Tribunal.
Cuando se objetare de falso un testigo, el Tribunal recibirá las pruebas en la audiencia de juicio. Solo se admitirán las pruebas documentales, las que consten en medios electrónicos, las presuncionales y las que se desahoguen por su propia y especial naturaleza. Desahogadas éstas y después de escuchar a las partes, se resolverá en la misma audiencia de juicio.
A witness who fails to attend the hearing despite having been legally summoned shall be subject to the warning ordered, and the Court shall order the measures necessary for him or her to appear to give his or her statement on the day and at the time indicated.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 819
Al testigo que dejare de concurrir a la audiencia, no obstante haber sido citado legalmente, se le hará efectivo el apercibimiento decretado, y el Tribunal dictará las medidas necesarias para que comparezca a rendir su declaración, el día y hora señalados.
A single witness may be sufficient to establish conviction if circumstances concur in the witness that are a guarantee of truthfulness making him or her above suspicion of falsifying the facts on which he or she testifies, if:
I. The witness was the only one who perceived the facts;
II. The statement is not in conflict with other evidence in the record; and
III. Circumstances concur in the witness that are a guarantee of truthfulness.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 820
Un solo testigo podrá formar convicción, si en el mismo concurren circunstancias que sean garantía de veracidad que lo hagan insospechable de falsear los hechos sobre los que declara, si:
I. Fue el único que se percató de los hechos;
II. La declaración no se encuentre en oposición con otras pruebas que obren en autos; y
III. Concurran en el testigo circunstancias que sean garantía de veracidad.
Sección Quinta / De la Pericial
Expert evidence shall only be admissible when knowledge of the science, art, profession, technique, trade or industry concerned is required to prove a disputed fact, and in general when dealing with matters that by their nature are not known to the Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 821
La prueba pericial sólo será admisible cuando para acreditar un hecho controvertido se requieran conocimientos en la ciencia, arte, profesión, técnica, oficio, o industria de que se trate, y en general cuando se trate de materias que por su naturaleza no sean conocidas por el Tribunal.
Experts must prove that they have knowledge of the subject matter of their opinion; if the profession or art is legally regulated, the experts must prove that they are authorized in accordance with the Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 822
Los peritos deben acreditar que tienen conocimientos en la materia sobre la que deba versar su dictamen; si la profesión o el arte estuvieren legalmente reglamentados, los peritos deben acreditar estar autorizados conforme a la Ley.
Expert evidence must be offered indicating the subject matter on which it is to be based and exhibiting the respective questionnaire, with a copy for each of the parties. Failure to submit the questionnaire shall result in the Court not admitting the evidence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 823
La prueba pericial deberá ofrecerse indicando la materia sobre la que deba versar, exhibiendo el cuestionario respectivo, con copia para cada una de las partes. La omisión del cuestionario dará lugar a que el Tribunal no admita la prueba.
Upon admitting the expert evidence, the Court shall appoint the official expert or experts it deems necessary, without prejudice to the parties being able to be accompanied by an advisor to assist them during the taking of that evidence.
The worker may request the Public Defender's Office or the Office of the Labor Attorney to assign an advisor to assist him or her in the taking of the expert evidence.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 824
Al admitir la prueba pericial, el Tribunal designará al perito o peritos oficiales que estime necesarios, sin perjuicio de que las partes puedan acompañarse de un asesor que los auxilie durante el desahogo de dicha prueba.
La parte trabajadora podrá solicitar a la Defensoría Pública o a la Procuraduría del Trabajo que le asigne un asesor para que le auxilie en el desahogo de la prueba pericial.
If the expert is outside the jurisdiction of the Court, the evidence in his or her charge may be taken through the available electronic or technological means; in these cases, the Court shall ensure that the Expert is fully identified and accepts and takes the oath of office before the requested court, when he or she has not previously done so before the Court of the proceeding itself.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 824 Bis
Si el perito se encuentra fuera de la jurisdicción del Tribunal, la prueba a su cargo podrá desahogarse mediante los medios electrónicos o tecnológicos de que se disponga; en estos casos, el Tribunal se asegurará que el Perito se identifique plenamente y que acepte y proteste su cargo ante el tribunal exhortado, cuando no lo haya hecho previamente ante el propio Tribunal del juicio.
In taking expert evidence, the following provisions shall be observed:
I. (Repealed.)
II. The expert or experts, once they accept and take the oath of office in accordance with the Law and are informed of the penalties incurred by those who make false statements, shall provide their name, age, occupation and the place where they practice or provide their services. They must also prove, with the respective document or documents, that they have knowledge of the subject matter on which they will give their opinion. They must then give their opinion;
III. The opinion shall address the points referred to in Article 823 of this Law, and
IV. The parties and the judge may ask the experts the questions they deem advisable, as well as make observations on the deficiencies or inconsistencies that in their opinion the expert opinion contains, or the aspects supporting its suitability. For this purpose, the provisions of Article 815 of this Law shall apply as applicable.
V. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 825
En el desahogo de la prueba pericial se observarán las disposiciones siguientes:
I. Se deroga.
II. El o los peritos, una vez que acepten y protesten su cargo con arreglo a la Ley y hacerse sabedores de las penas en que incurren los falsos declarantes, proporcionarán su nombre, edad, ocupación y lugar en que atienden su práctica o prestan sus servicios. Deberán asimismo acreditar que cuentan con los conocimientos en la materia sobre la que rendirán su dictamen con el o los documentos respectivos. Acto seguido deberán rendir su dictamen;
III. El dictamen versará sobre los puntos a que se refiere el artículo 823 de esta Ley, y
IV. Las partes y el juez podrán hacer a los peritos las preguntas que juzguen convenientes; así como formular las observaciones sobre las deficiencias o inconsistencias que a su juicio contenga el dictamen, o bien los aspectos que sustenten su idoneidad. Para este efecto será aplicable en lo conducente lo establecido en el artículo 815 de esta Ley.
V. Se deroga.
The expert appointed by the Court must recuse himself or herself within the forty-eight hours following service of notice of his or her appointment, whenever any of the causes referred to in Chapter Four of this Title exists.
The Court shall rule summarily on the recusal and, if it is declared admissible, a new expert shall be appointed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 826
El perito que designe el Tribunal debe excusarse dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes en que se notifique su nombramiento, siempre que concurra alguna de las causas a que se refiere el Capítulo Cuarto de este Título.
El Tribunal calificará de plano la excusa y, declarada procedente, se nombrará nuevo perito.
When the opinion given by an expert is manifestly false, biased or inaccurate, the Court shall notify the public prosecutor's office so that it may determine whether a crime has been committed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 826 Bis
Cuando el dictamen rendido por un perito sea notoriamente falso, tendencioso o inexacto, el Tribunal dará vista al Ministerio Público para que determine si existe la comisión de un delito.
Sección Sexta / De la Inspección
The party offering the inspection must specify its subject matter, the periods it will cover and the objects and documents that must be examined. When offered, the evidence must be offered in the affirmative, stating the facts or issues it is intended to prove.
Inspection evidence shall be taken at the domicile of the Court, unless there is a legal or material impediment to doing so. In this case, the party that has custody of the elements to be inspected must indicate the place where the inspection is to be carried out and the reasons preventing it from exhibiting them before the Court; if, in the Court's opinion, the impediment raised is justified, it shall commission the process server (actuario) or clerk to go to the indicated place and attest to the matters to be proven.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 827
La parte que ofrezca la inspección deberá precisar el objeto materia de la misma, los periodos que abarcará y los objetos y documentos que deben ser examinados. Al ofrecerse la prueba, deberá hacerse en sentido afirmativo, fijando los hechos o cuestiones que se pretenden acreditar con la misma.
La prueba de inspección se desahogará en el domicilio del Tribunal, a menos que exista impedimento legal o material para ello. En este caso, la parte que tenga bajo su custodia los elementos a inspeccionar deberá indicar el lugar donde deba practicarse la inspección y los motivos que le impiden exhibirlos en el Tribunal; si a juicio de éste se justifica el impedimento planteado, comisionará al actuario o secretario para que acudan al lugar señalado y se proceda a dar fe de los extremos de la prueba.
Once the inspection evidence has been admitted by the Court, it shall set a day, time and place for taking it; if the documents and objects are in the possession of one of the parties, the Court shall warn that party that if it fails to exhibit them, the facts sought to be proven shall be presumed true, provided that they are the documents referred to in Article 804 of this Law. If the documents and objects are in the possession of persons outside the dispute, the applicable means of enforcement shall be applied.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 828
Admitida la prueba de inspección por el Tribunal, señalará día, hora y lugar para su desahogo; si los documentos y objetos obran en poder de alguna de las partes, el Tribunal la apercibirá de que, en caso de no exhibirlos, se tendrán por ciertos presuntivamente los hechos que tratan de probarse, siempre que se trate de los documentos a que se refiere el artículo 804 de esta Ley. Si los documentos y objetos se encuentran en poder de personas ajenas a la controversia, se aplicarán los medios de apremio que procedan.
In taking inspection evidence, the following rules shall be observed:
I. Only in the case in which the inspection must be carried out outside the premises of the Court, the Court shall order it to be carried out prior to the Trial hearing, under the following rules:
a) The parties and their attorneys-in-fact may attend the inspection proceeding and raise the objections or observations they deem pertinent;
b) The judge or the acting official shall require that the documents and objects to be inspected be shown to him or her, and
c) A detailed record of the proceeding shall be drawn up, signed by those who intervene in it, which shall be added to the case file after a certification is entered in the record; the elements deemed pertinent to strengthen the evidence of the carrying out of the proceeding may be attached to it.
II. In other cases, inspection evidence shall be given in the presence of the judge and on the premises of the Court at the trial hearing, in accordance with the following rules:
a) The judge shall require that the documents and objects to be inspected be shown to him or her, and
b) The parties may raise the objections or observations they deem pertinent.
III. (Repealed.)
IV. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 829
En el desahogo de la prueba de inspección se observarán las reglas siguientes:
I. Sólo para el caso en que deba desahogarse la inspección fuera del local del Tribunal, éste ordenará su práctica previo a la audiencia de Juicio, bajo las siguientes reglas:
a) Las partes y sus apoderados podrán concurrir a la diligencia de inspección y formular las objeciones u observaciones que estimen pertinentes;
b) El juez o el funcionario actuante requerirá se le pongan a la vista los documentos y objetos que deben inspeccionarse, y
c) De la diligencia se levantará acta circunstanciada, que firmarán los que en ella intervengan, la cual se agregará al expediente, previa razón en autos; a la misma podrán anexarse los elementos que se estimen pertinentes para robustecer los medios de convicción del desahogo de la diligencia.
II. En los demás casos, la prueba de inspección se rendirá ante la presencia del juez y en el local del Tribunal en la audiencia de juicio, conforme a las siguientes reglas:
a) El juez requerirá se le pongan a la vista los documentos y objetos que deben inspeccionarse, y
b) Las partes podrán formular las objeciones u observaciones que estimen pertinentes.
III. Se deroga.
IV. Se deroga.
Sección Séptima / De la Presuncional
A presumption is the consequence that the Law or the Court deduces from a known fact in order to ascertain the truth of an unknown one. The Court must consider it even if the parties do not offer it, in order to fulfill the purposes of labor law set forth in Articles 2 and 3 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 830
Presunción es la consecuencia que la Ley o el Tribunal deducen de un hecho conocido para averiguar la verdad de otro desconocido. El Tribunal deberá considerarla aun cuando las partes no la ofrezcan, con objeto de que se cumplan los fines del derecho del trabajo señalados en los artículos 2o. y 3o. de esta Ley.
There is a legal presumption when the Law expressly establishes it or when it derives from the application of any of the principles governing labor law; there is a human presumption when from a duly proven fact another fact is deduced that is a consequence of the former.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 831
Hay presunción legal cuando la Ley la establece expresamente o cuando se deriven de la aplicación de alguno de los principios que rigen el derecho del trabajo; hay presunción humana cuando de un hecho debidamente probado se deduce otro que es consecuencia de aquél.
A person who has a legal presumption in his or her favor is only required to prove the fact on which it is based.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 832
El que tiene a su favor una presunción legal, sólo está obligado a probar el hecho en que la funda.
Legal and human presumptions admit evidence to the contrary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 833
Las presunciones legales y humanas, admiten prueba en contrario.
The parties, when offering presumptive evidence, shall indicate what it consists of and what is proven by it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 834
Las partes al ofrecer la prueba presuncional, indicarán en qué consiste y lo que se acredita con ella.
Sección Octava / De la Instrumental
The record of proceedings is the set of proceedings and elements in the case file and the annexes formed in connection with the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 835
La instrumental es el conjunto de actuaciones y elementos que obren en el expediente y los anexos formados con motivo del juicio.
The Court shall be required to take into account the proceedings and elements in the case file and the annexes formed in connection with the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 836
El Tribunal estará obligado a tomar en cuenta las actuaciones y elementos que obren en el expediente y los anexos formados con motivo del juicio.
Sección Novena / De los Elementos Aportados por los Avances de la Ciencia.
If the parties offer as evidence that indicated in section VIII of Article 776, the offering party must provide the Court with the instruments, devices or elements necessary for the content of the records to be assessed and for the sounds and images to be reproduced, for the time indispensable for its presentation.
If the offering party duly justifies its impediment to providing such elements, the Court shall provide them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 836-A
En el caso de que las partes ofrezcan como prueba, las señaladas en la fracción VIII del artículo 776, el oferente deberá proporcionar al Tribunal los instrumentos, aparatos o elementos necesarios para que pueda apreciarse el contenido de los registros y reproducirse los sonidos e imágenes, por el tiempo indispensable para su desahogo.
En caso de que el oferente justifique debidamente su impedimento para proporcionar dichos elementos, el Tribunal lo proveerá.
For the presentation or assessment of the means of evidence referred to in this Division, the following definitions apply:
a) Certifying Authority: the agencies and entities of the Federal Public Administration and the providers of certification services that, in accordance with legal provisions, are recognized as such and have the technological infrastructure for the issuance, administration and registration of digital certificates, as well as for providing related services;
b) Access Key: the unique set of alphanumeric characters that a user employs to access a service, system or program and that may be associated with a physical, magnetic or biometric medium;
c) Digital Certificate: the digital record issued by a Certifying Authority that guarantees the authenticity of the identity data of the holder of the certificate;
d) Password: the unique set of secret characters that makes it possible to validate the identification of the person to whom an Access Key was assigned to enter a service, system or program;
e) Private key: the set of characters that the holder of the digital certificate generates exclusively and secretly to create his or her advanced electronic signature (e.firma);
f) Public key: the data contained in a digital certificate that allow the identification of the signatory and the verification of the authenticity of his or her advanced electronic signature;
g) Addressee: the person designated by the sender to receive the data message;
h) Digital Document: information that can only be generated, consulted, modified and processed by electronic means, and sent through a data message;
i) Sender: the person who sends a digital document or a data message;
j) Electronic signature: A set of data that in electronic form are linked or associated with a data message by any technology and that are used to identify the signatory in relation to the data message to indicate that he or she approves the information contained in the data message;
k) Advanced Electronic Signature: the set of characters that allows the identification of the signatory in electronic documents or data messages, as a result of using his or her digital certificate and private key, and that produces the same legal effects as the handwritten signature;
l) Signatory: any person who uses his or her electronic signature or advanced electronic signature to sign digital documents and, where applicable, data messages;
m) Electronic Communication Means: the technological devices for carrying out the transmission and reception of data messages and digital documents;
n) Electronic Means: the technological devices for processing, printing, displaying, storing, reproducing, retrieving, extracting and preserving information;
ñ) Data Message: the exchange of information between a sender and a receiver through electronic communication means;
o) Personal identification number (NIP): the password used in services, systems or programs to obtain access or to identify oneself; and
p) Information system: a set of technological elements for generating, sending, receiving, storing or processing information.
q) CFDI: Digital tax receipt (CFDI) or equivalent document under the applicable tax provisions.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 836-B
Para el desahogo o valoración de los medios de prueba referidos en esta Sección, se entenderá por:
a) Autoridad Certificadora: a las dependencias y entidades de la Administración Pública Federal y a los prestadores de servicios de certificación que, conforme a las disposiciones jurídicas, tengan reconocida esta calidad y cuenten con la infraestructura tecnológica para la emisión, administración y registro de certificados digitales, así como para proporcionar servicios relacionados con los mismos;
b) Clave de acceso: al conjunto único de caracteres alfanuméricos que un usuario emplea para acceder a un servicio, sistema o programa y que puede estar asociado a un medio físico, magnético o biométrico;
c) Certificado Digital: a la constancia digital emitida por una Autoridad Certificadora que garantiza la autenticidad de los datos de identidad del titular del certificado;
d) Contraseña: al conjunto único de caracteres secretos que permite validar la identificación de la persona a la que se le asignó una Clave de Acceso para ingresar a un servicio, sistema o programa;
e) Clave privada: el conjunto de caracteres que genera el titular del certificado digital de manera exclusiva y secreta para crear su firma electrónica avanzada;
f) Clave pública: los datos contenidos en un certificado digital que permiten la identificación del firmante y la verificación de la autenticidad de su firma electrónica avanzada;
g) Destinatario: la persona designada por el emisor para recibir el mensaje de datos;
h) Documento Digital: la información que sólo puede ser generada, consultada, modificada y procesada por medios electrónicos, y enviada a través de un mensaje de datos;
i) Emisor: a la persona que envía un documento digital o un mensaje de datos;
j) Firma electrónica: Conjunto de datos que en forma electrónica son vinculados o asociados a un mensaje de datos por cualquier tecnología y que son utilizados para identificar al firmante en relación con el mensaje de datos para indicar que aprueba la información contenida en el mensaje de datos;
k) Firma Electrónica Avanzada: al conjunto de caracteres que permite la identificación del firmante en los documentos electrónicos o en los mensajes de datos, como resultado de utilizar su certificado digital y clave privada y que produce los mismos efectos jurídicos que la firma autógrafa;
l) Firmante: a toda persona que utiliza su firma electrónica o firma electrónica avanzada para suscribir documentos digitales y, en su caso, mensajes de datos;
m) Medios de Comunicación Electrónica: a los dispositivos tecnológicos para efectuar la transmisión y recepción de mensajes de datos y documentos digitales;
n) Medios Electrónicos: a los dispositivos tecnológicos para el procesamiento, impresión, despliegue, almacenamiento, reproducción, recuperación, extracción y conservación de la información;
ñ) Mensaje de Datos: al intercambio de información entre un emisor y un receptor a través de medios de comunicación electrónica;
o) Número de identificación personal (NIP): la contraseña que se utiliza en los servicios, sistemas o programas, para obtener acceso, o identificarse; y
p) Sistema de información: conjunto de elementos tecnológicos para generar, enviar, recibir, almacenar o procesar información.
q) CFDI: Comprobante Fiscal Digital por Internet o documento equivalente en términos de las disposiciones fiscales aplicables.
The party offering any digital document or any electronic means must comply with the following:
I. Submit a printout or copy of the digital document; and
II. Attach the minimum data for locating the digital document in the electronic medium in which it is found.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 836-C
La parte que ofrezca algún documento digital o cualquier medio electrónico, deberá cumplir con lo siguiente:
I. Presentar una impresión o copia del documento digital; y
II. Acompañar los datos mínimos para la localización del documento digital, en el medio electrónico en que aquél se encuentre.
In taking evidence of electronic means, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The Court shall appoint the official expert or experts required in order to determine whether the information contained in the digital document is complete and unaltered, just as it was generated from the first moment, placing it in time and space between the sender and the addressee.
The Court may commission the process server (actuario), together with the appointed expert or experts, to attest to the place, date and time at which the medium containing the digital document is made available to them.
In the case of electronic payment receipts, the Court shall appoint an attesting officer to consult the link or links provided by the party offering the evidence, where the Digital Tax Receipts or CFDI are located, and to compare their content, and if they match, they shall be deemed perfected, unless there is evidence to the contrary.
II. If the digital document or electronic means is in the possession of the offering party, that party must make available to the appointed expert or experts the means necessary to issue their opinion, with the warning that if it fails to do so, the evidence shall be declared abandoned.
III. If the digital document or electronic means is in the possession of the counterparty, it must likewise be made available to the appointed expert or experts, with the warning that if this is not done, the presumption that the facts stated by the offering party in relation to the digital document are true shall be established.
IV. If the digital document or electronic means is in the possession of a third party, that party has the obligation to make it available to the Court, under the warnings established in Article 731 of this Law.
For the purposes of this article, the provisions of Division Five of this Chapter, relating to expert evidence, shall apply.
V. The parties and the members of the Court may ask the appointed expert or experts the questions they deem advisable.
For taking the evidence referred to in this article, the Court may at all times be assisted by the human and technological elements necessary for a better ruling.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 836-D
En el desahogo de la prueba de medios electrónicos, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El Tribunal designará el o los peritos oficiales que se requieran, a fin de determinar si la información contenida en el documento digital se encuentra íntegra e inalterada, tal y como fue generada desde el primer momento, ubicándola en tiempo y espacio entre el emisor y destinatario.
El Tribunal podrá comisionar al actuario para que asociado del o los peritos designados, dé fe del lugar, fecha y hora en que se ponga a disposición de éstos el medio en el cual se contenga el documento digital.
Tratándose de recibos electrónicos de pago el Tribunal designará a un fedatario para que consulte la liga o ligas proporcionadas por el oferente de la prueba, en donde se encuentran los Comprobantes Fiscales Digitales por Internet o CFDI, compulse su contenido, y en el caso de coincidir, se tendrán por perfeccionados, salvo prueba en contrario.
II. Si el documento digital o medio electrónico, se encuentra en poder del oferente, éste deberá poner a disposición del o los peritos designados, los medios necesarios para emitir su dictamen, apercibido que de no hacerlo se decretará desierta la prueba.
III. Si el documento digital o medio electrónico se encuentra en poder de la contraparte, se deberá poner igualmente a disposición del o los peritos designados, con el apercibimiento de que en caso de no hacerlo, se establecerá la presunción de ser ciertos los hechos que el oferente exprese, en relación con el documento digital.
IV. Si el documento digital o medio electrónico se encuentra en poder de un tercero, éste tiene la obligación de ponerlo a disposición del Tribunal, bajo los apercibimientos establecidos en el artículo 731 de esta Ley.
Para los efectos de este artículo, se estará a lo dispuesto en la Sección Quinta del presente Capítulo, relativo a la prueba pericial.
V. Las partes y los miembros del Tribunal podrán hacer al o a los peritos designados las preguntas que juzguen convenientes.
Para el desahogo de la prueba a que se refiere este artículo, el Tribunal en todo momento podrá asistirse de elementos humanos y tecnológicos necesarios para mejor proveer.
CAPITULO XIII / De las Resoluciones Laborales
The resolutions of the labor courts are:
I. Orders: if they refer to simple procedural determinations or when they decide any issue within the matter;
II. Interlocutory orders or interlocutory resolutions: when they resolve an interlocutory matter within or outside a proceeding; and
III. Judgments: when they decide on the merits of the dispute.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 837
Las resoluciones de los tribunales laborales son:
I. Acuerdos: si se refieren a simples determinaciones de trámite o cuando decidan cualquier cuestión dentro del negocio;
II. Autos incidentales o resoluciones interlocutorias: cuando resuelvan dentro o fuera de juicio un incidente; y
III. Sentencias: cuando decidan sobre el fondo del conflicto.
The Court shall issue its resolutions at the moment the respective proceeding concludes or within the forty-eight hours following the time at which it receives written submissions, unless otherwise provided in this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 838
El Tribunal dictará sus resoluciones en el acto en que concluya la diligencia respectiva o dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes a aquellas en la que reciba promociones por escrito, salvo disposición en contrario de esta Ley.
The resolutions of the Courts that so warrant must be signed by the judge or by the instructing clerk, as applicable, on the day they are issued.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 839
Las resoluciones que así lo ameriten de los Tribunales deberán ser firmadas por el juez o por el secretario instructor, según corresponda, el día en que se emitan.
The judgment shall contain:
I. Place, date and Court that pronounces it;
II. Names and domiciles of the parties and of their representatives;
III. Summary of the complaint and the answer thereto; reply and rejoinder and, where applicable, of the counterclaim and the answer thereto, which must contain clearly and concisely the petitions of the parties and the disputed facts;
IV. Enumeration of the evidence admitted and presented and its assessment in conscience, indicating the facts that must be considered proven;
V. Summary of the closing arguments;
VI. The legal or equitable reasons, the binding precedent (jurisprudencia) and the legal doctrine on which they are based; and
VII. The operative points.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 840
La sentencia contendrá:
I. Lugar, fecha y Tribunal que lo pronuncie;
II. Nombres y domicilios de las partes y de sus representantes;
III. Extracto de la demanda y su contestación; réplica y contrarréplica y, en su caso, de la reconvención y contestación a la misma, que deberá contener con claridad y concisión las peticiones de las partes y los hechos controvertidos;
IV. Enumeración de las pruebas admitidas y desahogadas y su apreciación en conciencia, señalando los hechos que deban considerarse probados;
V. Extracto de los alegatos;
VI. Las razones legales o de equidad, la jurisprudencia y doctrina que les sirva de fundamento; y
VII. Los puntos resolutivos.
Judgments shall be issued in accordance with the known truth and in good faith, assessing the facts in conscience, without the need to be subject to rules or formalities on the weighing of evidence, but the Courts are required to study in detail the evidence given, assessing it. Likewise, they shall state the reasons and legal grounds on which they are based.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 841
Las sentencias se dictarán a verdad sabida y buena fe guardada, y apreciando los hechos en conciencia, sin necesidad de sujetarse a reglas o formulismos sobre estimación de las pruebas, pero los Tribunales están obligados a estudiar pormenorizadamente las rendidas, haciendo la valoración de las mismas. Asimismo, expresarán los motivos y fundamentos legales en que se apoyan.
Judgments must be clear, precise and consistent with the complaint, the answer and other claims timely raised in the proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 842
Las sentencias deben ser claras, precisas y congruentes con la demanda, contestación, y demás pretensiones deducidas en el juicio oportunamente.
In judgments, when monetary benefits are involved, the wage serving as the basis for the award shall be determined; the amount of the benefit shall be quantified and the measures in accordance with which the resolution must be complied with shall be indicated. Only by way of exception may it be ordered that an interlocutory liquidation proceeding be opened.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 843
En las sentencias, cuando se trate de prestaciones económicas, se determinará el salario que sirva de base a la condena; cuantificándose el importe de la prestación se señalarán las medidas con arreglo a las cuales deberá cumplirse con la resolución. Sólo por excepción, podrá ordenarse que se abra incidente de liquidación.
When the award is for a liquidated amount, the bases in accordance with which it must be complied with shall be established in the judgment itself, without the need for an interlocutory proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 844
Cuando la condena sea de cantidad líquida, se establecerán en la propia sentencia, sin necesidad de incidente, las bases con arreglo a las cuales deberá cumplimentarse.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 845
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 846
Se deroga.
Once notice of the judgment has been served, any of the parties, within a term of three days, may request the Court to clarify the resolution, in order to correct errors or specify any point. The Court shall resolve within the same term, but under no circumstances may the meaning of the resolution be changed. An error in the mention of a date, name, corporate name or calculation may be clarified ex officio.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 847
Una vez notificada la sentencia, cualquiera de las partes, dentro del término de tres días, podrá solicitar al Tribunal la aclaración de la resolución, para corregir errores o precisar algún punto. El Tribunal dentro del mismo plazo resolverá, pero por ningún motivo podrá variarse el sentido de la resolución. El error de mención de fecha, nombre, denominación o de cálculo podrá aclararse de oficio.
The Courts may not revoke their own resolutions, except for those challenged through the Appeal for Reconsideration provided for in this Law.
The parties may demand the liability incurred by the members of the Courts.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 848
Los Tribunales no pueden revocar sus propias resoluciones salvo aquellas que se combatan a través del Recurso de Reconsideración que contempla esta Ley.
Las partes pueden exigir la responsabilidad en que incurran los miembros de los Tribunales.
CAPITULO XIV / De la Revisión de los Actos de Ejecución
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 849
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 850
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 851
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 852
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 853
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 854
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 855
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 856
Se deroga.
CAPITULO XV / De las Providencias Cautelares
The instructing clerk of the Court, at the request of a party, may order the following precautionary measures:
I. Prohibition from leaving the national territory or a specific town when there is fear that the person against whom a complaint is brought or has been brought will be absent or will hide;
II. Precautionary attachment, when it is necessary to secure the property of a person, company or establishment.
III. Require the employer to refrain from deregistering from the social security institution with which she is enrolled a pregnant worker who has been dismissed, when in the Court's opinion there are sufficient indications to presume that she was separated by reason of her condition; this measure shall apply provided that a medical certificate proving the pregnancy, issued in accordance with the requirements and formalities provided by law, is attached to the complaint, and
IV. In cases in which discrimination in employment is claimed, such as discrimination on grounds of pregnancy, sexual orientation or gender identity, as well as in cases of child labor, the court shall take the measures necessary to prevent the cancellation of the enjoyment of fundamental rights, such as social security, while the labor proceeding is resolved, or shall order protective measures for the persons who so warrant. For that purpose, the plaintiffs must prove the existence of indications that give the Court reasonable suspicion, appearance or presumption of the acts of discrimination they assert.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 857
El secretario instructor del Tribunal, a petición de parte, podrá decretar las siguientes providencias cautelares:
I. Prohibición de salir del territorio nacional o de una población determinada cuando haya temor de que se ausente u oculte la persona contra quien se entable o se haya entablado una demanda;
II. Embargo precautorio, cuando sea necesario asegurar los bienes de una persona, empresa o establecimiento.
III. Requerir al patrón se abstenga de dar de baja de la institución de seguridad social en la que se encuentra afiliada la trabajadora embarazada que haya sido despedida, cuando a juicio del Tribunal existan indicios suficientes para presumir que fue separada en razón de su estado; dicha medida se aplicará siempre y cuando se acompañe a la demanda certificado médico que acredite el embarazo, emitido conforme a los requisitos y formalidades contempladas en la ley, y
IV. En los casos que se reclame discriminación en el empleo, tales como discriminación por embarazo, u orientación sexual, o por identidad de género, así como en los casos de trabajo infantil, el tribunal tomará las providencias necesarias para evitar que se cancele el goce de derechos fundamentales, tales como la seguridad social, en tanto se resuelve el juicio laboral, o bien decretará las medidas de aseguramiento para las personas que así lo ameriten. Para tal efecto, los demandantes deben acreditar la existencia de indicios que generen al Tribunal la razonable sospecha, apariencia o presunción de los actos de discriminación que hagan valer.
The precautionary measures indicated in sections I and II of the preceding article may be requested when filing the complaint, or subsequently, whether made in writing or by appearance. In the first case, they shall be processed prior to service of process and, in the second, in a separate file. In neither case shall the request be brought to the attention of the person against whom the measure is requested.
The precautionary measures provided for in sections III and IV of Article 857 of this Law must be requested when filing the complaint.
Precautionary measures may be challenged by means of the appeal for reconsideration; it shall be filed in writing within the three days following the day on which the challenged act becomes known, and shall state the grievances caused by the challenged measure; the counterparty shall be given notice for a term of three days so that it may state whatever is in its interest.
Once the notice term has elapsed, the appeal shall be resolved summarily by the judge hearing the case at the preliminary hearing.
In the event that the precautionary measure is ordered after the preliminary hearing and the appeal for reconsideration is filed, once the notice to the counterparty has been exhausted, the Court shall resolve summarily.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 858
Las providencias cautelares señaladas en las fracciones I y II del artículo anterior podrán ser solicitadas al presentar la demanda, o posteriormente ya sea que se formulen por escrito o en comparecencia. En el primer caso, se tramitarán previamente al emplazamiento y en el segundo, por cuerda separada. En ninguno de los dos casos se pondrá la solicitud en conocimiento de la persona contra quien se pida la providencia.
Las providencias cautelares previstas en las fracciones III y IV del artículo 857 de esta Ley, se deberán solicitar al presentar la demanda.
Las providencias cautelares podrán ser impugnadas mediante el recurso de reconsideración; éste se interpondrá por escrito dentro de los tres días siguientes en que se tenga conocimiento del acto que se impugna, en el que se expresarán los agravios que le cause la providencia impugnada; dándole vista a la contraparte por el término de tres días para que manifieste lo que a su derecho convenga.
Una vez transcurrido el término de vista, el recurso se resolverá de plano por el juez del conocimiento en la audiencia preliminar.
En el supuesto que la providencia cautelar sea decretada con posterioridad a la audiencia preliminar, y se interponga el recurso de reconsideración, agotada la vista a la contraparte, el Tribunal resolverá de plano.
The order not to leave the place of residence (arraigo) shall be issued summarily and its effect shall consist of instructing the defendant not to be absent from his or her place of residence without leaving a legitimate representative who is sufficiently instructed and provided with funds.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 859
El arraigo se decretará de plano y su efecto consistirá en prevenir al demandado que no se ausente del lugar de su residencia, sin dejar representante legítimo, suficientemente instruido y expensado.
Any person who breaches the arraigo order shall be liable for the crime of disobedience of an order of authority. For this purpose, the Court shall file the respective criminal complaint with the corresponding public prosecutor's office.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 860
La persona que quebrante el arraigo decretado, será responsable del delito de desobediencia a un mandato de autoridad. Para este efecto, el Tribunal hará la denuncia respectiva ante el Ministerio Público respectivo.
In order to order a precautionary attachment, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The requester shall determine the amount claimed and shall give the evidence he or she deems advisable to prove the need for the measure;
II. The Court, taking into consideration the circumstances of the case and the evidence given, within the twenty-four hours following the time at which it is requested, may order the precautionary attachment if, in its opinion, the measure is necessary;
III. The order directing the attachment shall determine the amount for which it must be carried out; and
IV. The Court shall order the measures to which the attachment shall be subject, so that the carrying out of the activities of the company or establishment is not suspended or hindered.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 861
Para decretar un embargo precautorio, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El solicitante determinará el monto de lo demandado y rendirá las pruebas que juzgue conveniente para acreditar la necesidad de la medida;
II. El Tribunal, tomando en consideración las circunstancias del caso y las pruebas rendidas, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a aquella en que se le solicite, podrá decretar el embargo precautorio si, a su juicio, es necesaria la providencia;
III. El auto que ordene el embargo determinará el monto por el cual deba practicarse; y
IV. El Tribunal dictará las medidas a que se sujetará el embargo, a efecto de que no se suspenda o dificulte el desarrollo de las actividades de la empresa o establecimiento.
In the case of section II of the preceding article, the measure shall be considered necessary when the requester proves that the defendant has various proceedings or claims before judicial or administrative authorities brought against it by third parties and that, due to their amount, in the opinion of the Court, there is a risk of insolvency.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 862
En el caso de la fracción II del artículo anterior, se considerará necesaria la providencia, cuando el solicitante compruebe que el demandado tiene diferentes juicios o reclamaciones ante autoridades judiciales o administrativas promovidos por terceros en su contra, y que por su cuantía, a criterio del Tribunal, exista el riesgo de insolvencia.
The measure shall be carried out even if the person against whom it is ordered is not present. The owner of the attached property shall be its depositary, without the need to accept the office or take an oath to perform it, with the responsibilities and powers inherent to that office, observing the provisions of this Law insofar as applicable. In the case of a legal entity, the depositary shall be the manager or director general or whoever holds its legal representation.
In the case of real property, at the request of the interested party, the Court shall request the registration of the precautionary attachment in the Public Property Registry.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 863
La providencia se llevará a cabo aún cuando no esté presente la persona contra quien se dicte. El propietario de los bienes embargados será depositario de los mismos, sin necesidad de que acepte el cargo ni proteste desempeñarlo, con las responsabilidades y atribuciones inherentes al mismo, observándose las disposiciones de esta Ley en lo que sean aplicables. En caso de persona moral, el depositario será el gerente o director general o quien tenga la representación legal de la misma.
Tratándose de inmuebles, a petición del interesado, el Tribunal solicitará la inscripción del embargo precautorio en el Registro Público de la Propiedad.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 864
Se deroga.
CAPITULO XVI / Procedimientos Ante las Juntas de Conciliación
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 865
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 866
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 867
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 868
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 869
(Se deroga).
CAPITULO XVII / Del procedimiento ordinario
The provisions of this chapter govern the ordinary procedure and, insofar as applicable, the special procedures.
The ordinary procedure shall apply to those individual and collective disputes of a legal nature that do not have special processing under this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 870
Las disposiciones de este capítulo rigen para el procedimiento ordinario y en lo que resulte aplicable a los procedimientos especiales.
El procedimiento ordinario aplicará en aquellos conflictos individuales y colectivos de naturaleza jurídica que no tengan una tramitación especial en esta Ley.
The parties may not invoke, at any procedural stage, any background related to the proposal, discussion, acceptance, rejection or acknowledgment of facts and rights that took place in the pre-judicial conciliation procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 870 Bis
Las partes no podrán invocar en ninguna etapa procesal, antecedente alguno relacionado con la proposición, discusión, aceptación, rechazo o reconocimiento de hechos y derechos que se hayan realizado en el procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial.
The ordinary procedure shall commence with the filing of the complaint with the Filing Office or the Receiving Unit of the competent Court.
In the procedural acts of the written phase of the procedure up to before the preliminary hearing, the Court may be assisted in issuing orders or measures by an instructing clerk, who may issue the following orders:
a) Admit the complaint or require the plaintiff to cure deficiencies (prevención) in it and, where applicable, correct it in accordance with labor standards and the provisions of this Law;
b) Order service of notice on the defendant;
c) Order notices for comment, service of copies and service of notice;
d) Admit and, where applicable, rule on the evidence offered to prove dilatory defenses;
e) Order precautionary measures, and
f) Such others as the judge orders.
Against the acts or omissions of the instructing clerk, the appeal for reconsideration shall be admissible, which must be filed orally at the preliminary hearing and shall be resolved summarily by the judge hearing the case at that hearing, after hearing the parties. If the appeal is well founded, the judge shall modify the challenged act as appropriate and shall order whatever is conducive to correcting the act or omission appealed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 871
El procedimiento ordinario se iniciará con la presentación del escrito de demanda ante la Oficialía de Partes o la Unidad Receptora del Tribunal competente.
En los actos procesales de la fase escrita del procedimiento hasta antes de la audiencia preliminar, el Tribunal podrá auxiliarse para el dictado de los acuerdos o providencias de un secretario instructor, el cual podrá dictar los siguientes acuerdos:
a) Admitir o prevenir la demanda y en su caso subsanarla conforme a las normas del trabajo y lo establecido en la presente Ley;
b) Ordenar la notificación al demandado;
c) Ordenar las vistas, traslados y notificaciones;
d) Admitir y en su caso proveer respecto de las pruebas ofrecidas para acreditar las excepciones dilatorias;
e) Dictar las providencias cautelares, y
f) Las demás que el juez le ordene.
Contra los actos u omisiones del secretario instructor, procederá el recurso de reconsideración, que deberá promoverse de forma oral en la audiencia preliminar el cual será resuelto de plano, oyendo a las partes por el juez del conocimiento en dicha audiencia. De resultar fundado el recurso, el juez modificará en lo que proceda el acto impugnado y proveerá lo conducente a efecto de subsanar el acto u omisión recurrido.
The complaint shall be made in writing, accompanied by as many copies thereof as there are defendants. If the plaintiff is the worker and copies are missing, this shall not be grounds for a requirement to cure deficiencies (prevención), closing of the file or dismissal. The Court must remedy that deficiency ex officio.
A. The complaint must be signed and indicate the following:
I. The court before which the complaint is filed;
II. The name and domicile of the plaintiff; the plaintiff may request that subsequent orders and resolutions, including the judgment issued in the case, be served on him or her in the electronic mailbox assigned by the Court;
III. The name, corporate name or firm name of the defendant, as well as its domicile. When the worker does not know the name of the employer or the corporate name or firm name of the establishment in which he or she works or worked, he or she must provide the data established in Article 712 of this Law; the worker may attach to the complaint any data or element he or she deems advisable to facilitate locating the defendant's domicile, such as location sketches, photographs of the property or a map indicating its exact location;
IV. The benefits claimed;
V. The facts on which the petitions are based;
VI. The list of evidence that the plaintiff intends to have given in the proceeding, stating the fact or facts that are sought to be proven with it, and
VII. If there is a prior proceeding brought by the plaintiff against the same employer, the plaintiff must report it in the new complaint.
B. The following must be attached to the complaint:
I. The certificate issued by the Conciliation Body proving the conclusion of the pre-judicial conciliation procedure without agreement between the parties, except in cases in which that certificate is not required, as expressly established by this Law;
II. The documents proving the standing of the plaintiff's representative in accordance with Article 692, section II, if the complaint is filed through the representative, and
III. The evidence available to the plaintiff, accompanied by the elements necessary for its presentation. If the plaintiff cannot directly provide any evidence intended to prove the facts on which the complaint is based, he or she must indicate the place where it can be obtained and the proceedings whose performance he or she requests for the same purpose. The offering of evidence must comply with the provisions of chapter XII of Title Fourteen of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 872
La demanda se formulará por escrito, acompañando tantas copias de la misma, como demandados haya. En caso que el demandante sea el trabajador y faltaren copias, ello no será causa para prevención, archivo, o desechamiento. El Tribunal deberá subsanar de oficio dicha falta.
A. La demanda deberá estar firmada y señalar lo siguiente:
I. El tribunal ante el cual se promueve la demanda;
II. El nombre y domicilio del actor; éste podrá solicitar que le sean notificados en el buzón electrónico que el Tribunal le asigne los subsecuentes acuerdos y resoluciones, incluyendo la sentencia que en el caso se emita;
III. El nombre, denominación o razón social del demandado, así como su domicilio. Cuando el trabajador ignore el nombre del patrón o la denominación o razón social del establecimiento en el que labora o laboró, deberá aportar los datos que establece el artículo 712 de esta Ley; el trabajador podrá acompañar a su demanda cualquier dato o elemento que estime conveniente para facilitar la localización del domicilio del demandado, tales como croquis de localización, fotografías del inmueble o mapa en el que se señale su ubicación exacta;
IV. Las prestaciones que se reclamen;
V. Los hechos en los que funde sus peticiones;
VI. La relación de pruebas que el actor pretende se rindan en juicio, expresando el hecho o hechos que se intentan demostrar con las mismas, y
VII. En caso de existir un juicio anterior promovido por el actor contra el mismo patrón, deberá informarlo en la nueva demanda.
B. A la demanda deberá anexarse lo siguiente:
I. La constancia expedida por el Organismo de Conciliación que acredite la conclusión del procedimiento de conciliación prejudicial sin acuerdo entre las partes, a excepción de los casos en los que no se requiera dicha constancia, según lo establezca expresamente esta Ley;
II. Los documentos que acrediten la personalidad de su representante conforme al artículo 692, fracción II, si la demanda se promueve a través de éste, y
III. Las pruebas de que disponga el actor, acompañadas de los elementos necesarios para su desahogo. En caso que no pueda aportar directamente alguna prueba que tenga por objeto demostrar los hechos en que funde su demanda, deberá señalar el lugar en que puedan obtenerse y las diligencias cuya práctica solicite con el mismo fin. El ofrecimiento de las pruebas deberá cumplir con lo dispuesto en el capítulo XII del Título Catorce de esta Ley.
Within the twenty-four hours following the filing of the complaint, it must be assigned to the corresponding Court; if the complaint is in accordance with law, the Court must issue the respective order of admission within the three days following its assignment or the correction of the complaint under the third paragraph of this article.
Upon filing of the complaint, the Court shall assign the plaintiff an electronic mailbox, providing the corresponding user name and access key, through which the plaintiff may consult his or her case file and review the orders issued in it.
When the plaintiff is the worker or his or her beneficiaries, if the Court notices any irregularity in the complaint or contradictory actions are brought or the wage on which the action is based has not been specified, in the order it shall indicate the defects or omissions incurred and shall require the plaintiff to cure them (prevención) within a term of three days. That order must be served personally on the plaintiff.
If the plaintiff does not correct the complaint within the term granted, the Court shall correct the omissions or irregularities based on the evidentiary material that the plaintiff attaches to the complaint and in accordance with labor standards; once the foregoing has been done, the Court shall admit the complaint.
No evidence shall be received in addition to that offered in the complaint, except for evidence referring to facts related to the reply, provided they are facts of which the plaintiff was not aware when filing the complaint, as well as evidence offered to support the objections made to the evidence of the other parties, or evidence referring to the objection of witnesses. The foregoing is without prejudice to the offering of evidence on supervening facts.
The Court may only admit an amendment of the complaint if new facts are asserted in the answer to it, of which the plaintiff was not aware when filing the complaint.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873
Dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a la presentación de la demanda, deberá turnarse al Tribunal correspondiente; si la demanda se encuentra ajustada a derecho, éste deberá dictar el acuerdo de admisión respectivo dentro de los tres días siguientes a que le sea turnada o de que se haya subsanado ésta en los términos del tercer párrafo del presente artículo.
Al presentarse la demanda, el Tribunal le asignará al actor un buzón electrónico, proporcionándole el nombre de usuario y la clave de acceso correspondiente, mediante el cual podrá consultar su expediente y revisar los acuerdos que se dicten en éste.
Cuando el actor sea el trabajador o sus beneficiarios, de advertir el Tribunal alguna irregularidad en el escrito de demanda o se promueven acciones contradictorias o no se haya precisado el salario base de la acción, en el acuerdo le señalará los defectos u omisiones en que haya incurrido y lo prevendrá para que los subsane dentro de un término de tres días. Dicho acuerdo deberá notificarse personalmente al actor.
De no subsanar el actor la demanda en el término concedido, el Tribunal subsanará las omisiones o irregularidades basándose en el material probatorio que el actor acompañe a su demanda y conforme a las normas del trabajo, una vez hecho lo anterior, el Tribunal admitirá la demanda.
No se recibirán pruebas adicionales a las ofrecidas en la demanda, salvo las que se refieran a hechos relacionados con la réplica, siempre que se trate de aquéllos que el actor no hubiese tenido conocimiento al presentar su demanda, así como las que se ofrezcan para sustentar las objeciones hechas a las pruebas de las demás partes, o las que se refieran a la objeción de testigos. Lo anterior sin menoscabo de que se puedan ofrecer pruebas sobre hechos supervenientes.
El Tribunal solo podrá admitir la ampliación de demanda en caso de que en la contestación a la misma se hagan valer hechos novedosos, de los cuales el actor no haya tenido conocimiento al presentar su demanda.
Within the five days following its admission, the Court shall serve process on the defendant, delivering a collated copy of the order of admission and of the complaint, as well as of the evidence offered in it, so that the defendant may file a written answer within the following fifteen days, offer evidence and, if applicable, file a counterclaim, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if it fails to do so within that term, the petitions of the plaintiff shall be deemed admitted, except for those that are contrary to the provisions of law, and its right to offer evidence and, where applicable, to file a counterclaim shall be deemed forfeited. Likewise, it must warn the defendant that if it fails to comply with the provisions of Article 739 of this Law, subsequent personal service of notice shall be made through the bulletin or the notice board and, where applicable, through the electronic mailbox, in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
Every answer to a complaint must be accompanied by the document proving the standing of the person appearing on behalf of the defendant.
The answer to the complaint must contain a clear and detailed statement of the facts, the legal grounds on which it is based, and the defenses and objections available to the defendant, and must refer to each and every one of the facts alleged in the complaint, affirming or denying them, and stating those it does not know when they are not its own, adding the statements it deems advisable and, where applicable, objecting to the evidence offered by the plaintiff, with the warning that if it fails to do so, its right to object to its counterparty's evidence shall be deemed forfeited.
Silence and evasive answers shall cause the facts on which no dispute is raised to be deemed admitted, and no evidence to the contrary shall be admissible. A pure and simple denial of the right implies the admission of the facts. The admission of the facts does not entail acceptance of the right. If the defendant denies the employment relationship, it may deny the facts generically, without being required to refer to each of them.
The defendant must assert all procedural defenses it has when answering the complaint, and in no case shall they suspend the procedure; if they are raised, only documentary and expert evidence shall be admitted, except in the case of lis pendens and related actions, for which inspection of the record may also be offered as evidence.
The defense of lack of jurisdiction does not exempt the defendant from answering the complaint; if it fails to do so and the Court declares itself competent, the petitions of the plaintiff shall be deemed admitted, except for those that are contrary to the provisions of law.
The same consequences shall be borne by the defendant if it fails to answer the complaint or does so outside the term granted to do so, without prejudice to its being able, up to before the preliminary hearing, to offer evidence to the contrary to prove that the plaintiff was not a worker or employer, that there was no dismissal or that the facts asserted by the plaintiff are not true.
The defendant must offer its evidence in the answer to the complaint, attaching the respective copies so that they may be served on the plaintiff. No additional evidence shall be received unless it refers to facts related to the rejoinder, provided they are facts of which the defendant was not aware when answering the complaint, as well as evidence offered to support the objections made to the evidence of the other parties, or evidence referring to the objection of witnesses. The foregoing is without prejudice to the offering of evidence on supervening facts.
The evidence must be accompanied by all the elements necessary for its presentation, for which the provisions of chapter XII of Title Fourteen of this Law shall apply.
If the defendant acquiesces to the complaint, the Court shall summon the parties to the trial hearing, which shall take place within a term of no more than ten days, at which the respective judgment shall be issued.
Once the answer to the complaint has been filed, the Court shall assign the defendant an electronic mailbox, providing the corresponding user name and access key, through which it may consult its case file and review the orders issued by the jurisdictional body.
If the Court admits the counterclaim, it must serve process on the plaintiff, serving it with the counterclaim and the evidence offered by the counterclaimant, so that within the term of fifteen days following service it may answer whatever is in its right and interest and offer evidence and, where applicable, object to that of the opposing party. If the worker does not answer the counterclaim, it shall be deemed answered denying the facts alleged in the counterclaim and the right to offer evidence shall be deemed forfeited. The counterclaim shall follow the same rules established for the complaint.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-A
Dentro de los cinco días siguientes a su admisión, el Tribunal emplazará a la parte demandada, entregándole copia cotejada del auto admisorio y del escrito de demanda, así como de las pruebas ofrecidas en ésta, para que produzca su contestación por escrito dentro de los quince días siguientes, ofrezca pruebas y de ser el caso reconvenga, apercibiéndole que de no hacerlo en dicho término se tendrán por admitidas las peticiones de la parte actora, salvo aquéllas que sean contrarias a lo dispuesto por la ley, así como por perdido su derecho a ofrecer pruebas y en su caso a formular reconvención. Asimismo, deberá apercibirlo que de no cumplir con lo previsto en el artículo 739 de esta Ley, las notificaciones personales subsecuentes se le harán por boletín o por estrados, y en su caso por buzón electrónico, conforme a lo establecido en esta Ley.
A toda contestación de demanda deberá anexarse el documento con el que se acredite la personalidad de quien comparezca en representación del demandado.
El escrito de contestación de demanda deberá contener una exposición clara y circunstanciada de los hechos, los fundamentos de derecho en los que se sustenta, las excepciones y defensas que el demandado tuviere a su favor, debiendo referirse a todos y cada uno de los hechos aducidos en la demanda, afirmándolos o negándolos, y expresando los que ignore cuando no sean propios, agregando las manifestaciones que estime convenientes y, en su caso, objetar las pruebas ofrecidas por la parte actora, apercibido que en caso de no hacerlo se le tendrá por perdido el derecho de objetar las pruebas de su contraparte.
El silencio y las evasivas harán que se tengan por admitidos aquellos hechos sobre los que no se suscite controversia, sin que sea admisible prueba en contrario. La negación pura y simple del derecho, implica la confesión de los hechos. La confesión de éstos no entraña la aceptación del derecho. En caso que el demandado niegue la relación de trabajo podrá negar los hechos en forma genérica, sin estar obligado a referirse a cada uno de ellos.
Todas las excepciones procesales que tenga el demandado deberá hacerlas valer al contestar la demanda, y en ningún caso suspenderán el procedimiento; de oponerse éstas, sólo se admitirán como pruebas la documental y pericial, salvo en el caso de la litispendencia y conexidad, de las que se podrá ofrecer también la prueba de inspección de los autos.
La excepción de incompetencia no exime al demandado de contestar la demanda; si no lo hace y el Tribunal se declara competente, se tendrán por admitidas las peticiones de la actora, salvo aquellas que sean contrarias a lo dispuesto por la ley.
Las mismas consecuencias correrán a cargo del demandado si éste no da contestación a la demanda o la formula fuera del plazo concedido para hacerlo, sin perjuicio de que hasta antes de la audiencia preliminar pueda ofrecer pruebas en contrario para demostrar que el actor no era trabajador o patrón, que no existió el despido o que no son ciertos los hechos afirmados por la parte actora.
La parte demandada deberá ofrecer sus pruebas en el escrito de contestación a la demanda, acompañando las copias respectivas para que se corra traslado con ellas a la parte actora. No se recibirán pruebas adicionales a menos que se refieran a hechos relacionados con la contrarréplica, siempre que se trate de aquellos que el demandado no hubiese tenido conocimiento al contestar la demanda, así como las que se ofrezcan para sustentar las objeciones hechas a las pruebas de las demás partes, o las que se refieran a la objeción de testigos. Lo anterior sin menoscabo de que se puedan ofrecer pruebas sobre hechos supervenientes.
Las pruebas deberán acompañarse de todos los elementos necesarios para su desahogo, para lo cual se estará a lo dispuesto en el capítulo XII del Título Catorce de esta Ley.
En caso de que el demandado se allane a la demanda el Tribunal citará a las partes a la audiencia de juicio, que tendrá verificativo en un plazo no mayor de diez días, en la que se dictará la sentencia respectiva.
Presentada que sea la contestación de demanda, el Tribunal le asignará al demandado un buzón electrónico, proporcionándole el nombre de usuario y la clave de acceso correspondiente, mediante el cual podrá consultar su expediente y revisar los acuerdos que emita el órgano jurisdiccional.
Si el Tribunal admite la reconvención, deberá emplazar a la parte actora corriéndole traslado con ésta y con las pruebas que ofrezca la actora reconvencionista, para que dentro del término de quince días siguientes a su emplazamiento conteste lo que a su derecho e interés corresponda y ofrezca pruebas, y en su caso objete las de la contraria. De no dar contestación a la reconvención la parte trabajadora, se le tendrá por contestada negando los hechos aducidos en la reconvención y por perdido el derecho para ofrecer pruebas. La reconvención seguirá las mismas reglas establecidas para la demanda.
The Court shall serve the plaintiff with a copy of the answer to the complaint and its annexes so that within a term of eight days it may object to its counterparty's evidence, file its reply and, where applicable, offer evidence in relation to those objections and reply, attaching a copy for service on each party; if evidence is offered, the plaintiff must also attach a copy of it.
If the employer makes an offer of employment, the worker must state his or her position on it when filing the reply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-B
El Tribunal correrá traslado a la actora con la copia de la contestación a la demanda y sus anexos para que en un plazo de ocho días objete las pruebas de su contraparte, formule su réplica y en su caso ofrezca pruebas en relación a dichas objeciones y réplica, acompañando copia de traslado para cada parte; en caso de que se ofrezcan pruebas, la actora deberá acompañar también copia de las mismas.
En caso de que el patrón realice el ofrecimiento del trabajo, el trabajador deberá pronunciarse al respecto al formular su réplica.
The Court shall serve the defendant with the reply and its annexes, granting it a term of five days to file its rejoinder in writing and, where applicable, to object to the evidence offered with the reply. The defendant, when filing its rejoinder, must attach a copy for service on the plaintiff. If the defendant offers evidence in relation to its rejoinder in accordance with the provisions of Article 873-A of this Law, it must also attach a copy of it, so that it may be served on the plaintiff, and the latter may state, within a term of three days, whatever is in its interest.
If the reply or rejoinder is not filed within the term granted, the right shall be deemed forfeited, as the case may be, and the procedure shall continue.
Once the terms indicated in the two preceding paragraphs have elapsed, the Court shall set a date for holding the Preliminary Hearing, which shall take place within the following ten days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-C
Con el escrito de réplica y sus anexos, el Tribunal correrá traslado a la parte demandada, otorgándole un plazo de cinco días para que formule su contrarréplica por escrito y, en su caso, objete las pruebas que se hayan ofrecido con éste. El demandado al presentar su contrarréplica deberá acompañar copia para traslado a la parte actora. En caso de que la parte demandada ofrezca pruebas en relación a su contrarréplica conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 873-A de esta Ley, deberá acompañar también copia de las mismas, para que se le corra traslado a la parte actora, y ésta en el término de tres días manifieste lo que a su interés corresponda.
Si la réplica o contrarréplica no se formulan dentro del plazo concedido, se tendrá por perdido el derecho según sea el caso y se continuará con el procedimiento.
Transcurridos los plazos señalados en los dos últimos párrafos que anteceden, el Tribunal fijará fecha para celebrar la Audiencia Preliminar, la cual tendrá verificativo dentro de los diez días siguientes.
The parties may request that third parties who may be affected by the resolution issued in the procedure be called to the proceeding, provided that they justify the need to call them; for this purpose, they must provide the third party's domicile and exhibit the necessary copies of the complaint and, where applicable, of the answer, as well as of the documents exhibited by the parties, with which the third party must be served; if these requirements are not met, the right to request the call shall be deemed forfeited.
The third party may come to the proceeding up to before the preliminary hearing; if it does not do so, it shall be understood that it has no legal interest in the matter, and it shall remain subject to the outcome of the proceeding.
An interested third party who comes to the proceeding shall be a party to it and must comply with the procedural formalities provided for in this chapter.
The call of an interested third party must be made by the parties in the complaint, answer, counterclaim or answer to the counterclaim, or when filing the reply and rejoinder, as the case may be; the Court shall rule on that request summarily and, if it is admitted, shall order that process be served on the interested third party so that within the following fifteen days it may make its statements in writing, to which it must attach the evidence it deems pertinent in accordance with the provisions of Article 780 of this Law, with sufficient copies for service on the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-D
Las partes podrán solicitar, que se llame a juicio a terceros que puedan ser afectados por la resolución que se dicte en el procedimiento, siempre que justifiquen la necesidad de su llamamiento; para ello, deberán proporcionar el domicilio de éste, exhibir las copias necesarias de la demanda y en su caso de la contestación, así como de los documentos exhibidos por las partes, con los que deberá correrse traslado al tercero; de no cumplir con tales requisitos se tendrá por perdido su derecho a solicitar el llamamiento.
El tercero podrá acudir al juicio hasta antes de la audiencia preliminar; de no hacerlo se entenderá que no tiene interés jurídico en el asunto, quedando sujeto al resultado del juicio.
El tercero interesado que acuda a juicio será parte en éste, debiendo sujetarse a las formalidades del procedimiento previstas en el presente capítulo.
El llamamiento a tercero interesado lo deberán hacer las partes en la demanda, contestación, reconvención o contestación a al reconvención, o bien al emitir la réplica y contrarréplica, según sea el caso; el Tribunal acordará de plano dicha solicitud, la que en caso de admitirse, ordenará se emplace al tercero interesado para que dentro de los quince días siguientes, realice sus manifestaciones por escrito, al cual deberá acompañar las pruebas que estime pertinentes conforme lo establecido en el artículo 780 de esta Ley, con copias de traslado suficientes para las partes.
Sección Primera / Audiencia Preliminar
The purpose of the preliminary hearing is to:
a) Clean up the procedure and resolve the dilatory defenses raised by the parties;
b) Establish the undisputed facts;
c) Admit or reject the evidence offered by the parties, as the case may be;
d) Summon the parties to the trial hearing;
e) Resolve the appeal for reconsideration against the acts or omissions of the instructing clerk.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-E
La audiencia preliminar tiene por objeto:
a) Depurar el procedimiento y resolver las excepciones dilatorias planteadas por las partes;
b) Establecer los hechos no controvertidos;
c) Admitir o desechar las pruebas ofrecidas por las partes, según sea el caso;
d) Citar para audiencia de juicio;
e) Resolver el recurso de reconsideración contra los actos u omisiones del secretario instructor.
The preliminary hearing shall be conducted as follows:
I. The parties shall appear personally or through an attorney-in-fact before the Court; if they appear on their own behalf, they must be assisted by a holder of a Law Degree or a licensed lawyer with a professional license, or a law intern, in order to guarantee their proper defense.
If the parties do not appear personally or through their attorneys-in-fact, the judicial actions occurring at each stage shall be deemed consented to and the procedural rights that should have been exercised at each of the stages of the hearing shall be precluded. The court shall determine the beginning and the conclusion of each of the stages of the hearing;
II. The preliminary hearing shall be held with the appearance of the parties present at its beginning. Those who have not appeared at its opening may do so at the moment they arrive, provided that the order closing the hearing has not been issued. If the parties do not appear, the hearing shall be held with the elements available in the record;
III. The Court shall examine the issues relating to procedural legitimacy and shall resolve the procedural defenses that have been asserted, in order to clean up the procedure;
IV. The Court shall define the facts that are not in dispute so that the evidence admitted is directed at the facts subject to debate;
V. Next, the Court shall rule on the admission of the evidence offered by the parties, shall admit that which is related to the matter in dispute and shall reject that which is useless, irrelevant or unrelated to the disputed facts, stating the reason therefor; likewise, it shall establish the manner in which the evidence it admits must be prepared for its presentation at the trial hearing or the evidence that will be taken outside the facilities of the Court, when appropriate under this Law. The Court shall set a day and time for holding the trial hearing, which must take place within the period of twenty days following the issuance of the respective order; if evidence is admitted that must be taken outside the facilities of the Court, it shall indicate the date and time on which the proceedings will be carried out, ruling on them;
VI. The preparation of the evidence shall be ordered by the Court, except for that which is the responsibility of the parties, so that the trial hearing shall not be postponed for lack of preparation, except in the event of an act of God or force majeure. The summoning of the witnesses referred to in Article 813 of this Law shall be the responsibility of the party offering them, unless for justified cause it must be done by personal service of notice, which shall be made at least three days before the hearing, not counting the day on which they receive the summons or the day of the hearing. The Court, at the request of the offering party, may issue official letters or summonses so that the offering party delivers them on its own account and under its responsibility, in order that the evidence be duly prepared and may be presented at the trial hearing;
VII. Only in exceptional cases, when due to the nature of the evidence admitted the Court considers, under its strictest responsibility, that it cannot be presented at a single hearing, it shall indicate, in the same order in which it admits the evidence, the days and times on which it must be presented, even if they do not follow the order in which it was offered, seeking to receive first the plaintiff's evidence and then the defendant's, and
VIII. If the parties agree on the facts and the dispute is reduced to a point of law, the pre-trial stage shall be declared closed and the record shall be sent for resolution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-F
La audiencia preliminar se desarrollará conforme a lo siguiente:
I. Las partes comparecerán personalmente o por conducto de apoderado ante el Tribunal; en caso de hacerlo por su cuenta deberán estar asistidas por Licenciado en Derecho o abogado titulado con cédula profesional, o pasante de derecho, a fin de garantizar su debida defensa.
Si las partes no comparecen por sí mismas o por conducto de sus apoderados, se tendrán por consentidas las actuaciones judiciales que en cada etapa sucedan y quedarán precluídos los derechos procesales que debieron ejercitarse en cada una de las etapas de la audiencia. El tribunal determinará el inicio y la conclusión de cada una de las etapas de la audiencia;
II. La audiencia preliminar se desahogará con la comparecencia de las partes que se encuentren presentes al inicio. Las que no hayan comparecido en su apertura, podrán hacerlo en el momento en que se presenten, siempre y cuando no se haya emitido el acuerdo de cierre de la audiencia. Si las partes no comparecen se efectuará la audiencia con los elementos que se disponga en autos;
III. El Tribunal examinará las cuestiones relativas a la legitimación procesal y resolverá las excepciones procesales que se hayan hecho valer, con el fin de depurar el procedimiento;
IV. El Tribunal definirá los hechos que no sean motivo de controversia con el fin de que las pruebas que se admitan se dirijan a los hechos sujetos a debate;
V. En seguida, el Tribunal resolverá la admisión de las pruebas ofrecidas por las partes, admitirá las que tengan relación con la litis y desechará las inútiles, intrascendentes o que no guarden relación con los hechos controvertidos, expresando el motivo de ello; asimismo, establecerá la forma en que deberán prepararse las pruebas que admita para su desahogo la audiencia de juicio o las que se realizarán fuera de las instalaciones del Tribunal, cuando proceda en los términos de esta Ley. El Tribunal fijará día y hora para la celebración de la audiencia de juicio, que deberá efectuarse dentro del lapso de veinte días siguientes a la emisión del acuerdo respectivo, si se admiten pruebas que deban desahogarse fuera de las instalaciones del Tribunal, señalará la fecha y hora en que se desarrollarán las diligencias, proveyendo en relación a las mismas;
VI. La preparación de las pruebas será ordenada por el Tribunal, salvo aquellas que queden a cargo de las partes, por lo que la audiencia de juicio no se diferirá por falta de preparación, salvo caso fortuito o fuerza mayor. La citación de los testigos a que se refiere el artículo 813 de esta Ley, quedará a cargo de su oferente, salvo que por causa justificada deba practicarse mediante notificación personal, la que se efectuará con al menos tres días de anticipación a la audiencia, sin contar el día en que reciban la citación, ni el de la audiencia. El Tribunal, a solicitud del oferente, podrá expedir oficios o citaciones a fin de que éste los entregue por su cuenta y bajo su responsabilidad, con el objeto de que se preparen debidamente las pruebas y puedan desahogarse en la audiencia de juicio;
VII. Solamente en casos excepcionales, cuando debido a la naturaleza de las pruebas admitidas el Tribunal considere bajo su más estricta responsabilidad que no es posible su desahogo en una sola audiencia, en el mismo acuerdo en el que las admita, señalará los días y horas en que deberán desahogarse, aunque no guarden el orden en que fueron ofrecidas, procurando que se reciban primero las del actor y luego las del demandado, y
VIII. Si las partes están de acuerdo con los hechos y la controversia queda reducida a un punto de derecho, se declarará cerrada la instrucción turnándose los autos a resolución.
The court shall send the official letters and letters rogatory necessary to obtain the reports or copies that an authority must issue or that third parties outside the proceeding must exhibit, as requested by the offering party, with the warnings set forth in this Law; likewise, it shall order the measures necessary so that the admitted evidence is presented on the day of the hearing, as follows:
a) In the case of authorities, the Court shall require them to send the documents or copies; if they fail to comply, the Court shall order the appropriate enforcement measures, without prejudice to notifying the non-compliance to the hierarchical superior of the defaulting public servant and, where applicable, to the competent control body, and
b) In the case of third parties, the Court shall order the corresponding enforcement measures until the presentation of the requested copies or documents is achieved.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-G
El tribunal girará los oficios y exhortos necesarios para recabar los informes o copias que deba expedir alguna autoridad o exhibir terceros ajenos al juicio, que haya solicitado el oferente, con los apercibimientos señalados en esta Ley; asimismo dictará las medidas necesarias a fin de que el día de la audiencia se desahoguen las pruebas admitidas, conforme a lo siguiente:
a) Si se tratare de autoridades, el Tribunal las requerirá para que envíen los documentos o copias; si no cumplieren con ello, el Tribunal dictará las medidas de apremio conducentes, sin perjuicio de dar vista del incumplimiento al superior jerárquico del servidor público omiso, y en su caso al órgano de control competente, y
b) Si se trata de terceros, el Tribunal dictará las medidas de apremio correspondientes, hasta que se logre la presentación de las copias o documentos requeridos.
Sección Segunda / Audiencia de Juicio
The trial hearing shall be held with the appearance of the parties present at its opening. Those who have not appeared at its beginning may intervene at the moment they arrive, provided that the judge has not declared it concluded. If the parties do not appear, the hearing shall be held with the elements available in the record and the warnings previously made to the parties shall be enforced.
The judge shall have the broadest powers to conduct the procedure; he or she shall record the presence of the parties appearing at the hearing, as well as of the witnesses and experts who will intervene. Likewise, he or she shall verify the availability of the documents to be exhibited and shall moderate the statements of those who intervene in the hearing; where applicable, he or she shall analyze and rule on the evidence submitted by the parties as supervening for its admission or rejection, as appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-H
La audiencia de juicio se desahogará con la comparecencia de las partes que estén presentes en su apertura. Las que no hayan comparecido en su inicio, podrán intervenir en el momento en que se presenten, siempre que el juez no la haya dado por concluida. Si las partes no comparecen se efectuará la audiencia con los elementos que se disponga en autos y se harán efectivos los apercibimientos realizados previamente a las partes.
El juez contará con las más amplias facultades para conducir el procedimiento; dará cuenta de la presencia de las partes que comparezcan a la audiencia, así como de los testigos y peritos que intervendrán; De igual forma, verificará la disponibilidad de los documentos a exhibirse y moderará el desarrollo de las manifestaciones de quienes intervengan en la audiencia; en su caso, analizará y calificará las pruebas que presenten las partes como supervenientes para su admisión o desechamiento según corresponda.
The Court shall open the evidence presentation phase, as follows:
I. All evidence that is duly prepared shall be presented, seeking that the plaintiff's evidence be presented first and then the defendant's;
II. If any of the admitted evidence is not duly prepared and was the responsibility of the parties, it shall be declared abandoned, except for justified cause, in which case the judge shall set a new day and time for its presentation within the following ten days; for that purpose, he or she shall take the appropriate measures and may use the enforcement measures he or she deems necessary to achieve the presentation of the admitted evidence and avoid delay of the proceeding, and
III. The judge must require the person appearing to give the corresponding evidence to identify himself or herself with any official document; and, if he or she fails to do so at the time of the hearing, he or she shall be granted three days to do so, with the warning that otherwise the corresponding statement shall be rendered without effect.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-I
El Tribunal, abrirá la fase de desahogo de pruebas, conforme a lo siguiente:
I. Se procederá a desahogar todas las pruebas que se encuentren debidamente preparadas, procurando que sean primero las del actor y luego las del demandado;
II. Si alguna de las pruebas admitidas no se encontrara debidamente preparada y estuviera a cargo de las partes, se declarará la deserción de la misma, salvo causa justificada, en cuyo caso el juez señalará nuevo día y hora para su desahogo dentro de los diez días siguientes; para ello, deberá tomará las medidas conducentes y podrá hacer uso de las medidas de apremio que estime necesarias para lograr el desahogo de las pruebas admitidas y evitar la dilación del juicio, y
III. El juez deberá requerir a la persona que comparezca a desahogar la prueba correspondiente para que se identifique con cualquier documento oficial; y, si no lo hace en el momento de la audiencia, se le concederán tres días para ello, apercibiéndola de que en caso contrario se dejará sin efectos la declaración correspondiente.
Once the presentation of evidence has concluded, the clerk of the Court shall make the respective certification. If the parties indicate that some evidence remains pending presentation, the judge shall rule summarily and, if he or she notices any omission in that regard, shall order its presentation. Once the foregoing has been done, the judge shall successively give the floor to the parties so that they may make their closing arguments concisely and briefly.
Once the parties' closing arguments have been made, the Court shall declare the trial stage closed and shall issue the judgment at the same hearing, thereby ending the procedure. The text of the resolution must be made available to the parties at the same hearing. Only in exceptional cases, as justified by the volume of disputed facts or of the evidence given, shall the Court issue judgment within the five days following the holding of the trial hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-J
Concluido el desahogo de pruebas, el secretario del Tribunal hará la certificación respectiva. En caso de que las partes señalen que queda alguna prueba pendiente de desahogar, el juez resolverá de plano y de advertir alguna omisión al respecto, ordenará su desahogo. Una vez hecho lo anterior, el juez otorgará sucesivamente el uso de la voz a las partes, para que formulen de manera concisa y breve sus alegatos.
Realizados que sean los alegatos de las partes, el Tribunal declarará cerrada la etapa de juicio y emitirá la sentencia en la misma audiencia, con lo que se pondrá fin al procedimiento. El texto de la resolución deberá ponerse a disposición de las partes en la misma audiencia. Solamente en casos excepcionales y que así se justifique por el cúmulo de hechos controvertidos o bien de las pruebas rendidas, el Tribunal emitirá sentencia dentro de los cinco días siguientes al de la celebración de la audiencia de juicio.
No appeal shall lie against the resolutions pronounced in the ordinary labor procedure, except for the appeal for reconsideration against the acts of the instructing clerk established in Article 871 of this Law. Nevertheless, either ex officio or at the request of a party, the judge may correct the omissions or errors incurred, or may specify any point, up to before issuing judgment; likewise, he or she may clarify the judgment once it has been issued.
In view of the nature and purposes of labor law, the judge must assume a proactive role, permanently moving the procedure forward, preventing the formal deficiencies or inconsistencies committed during its course from prejudicing the parties by causing future delay, so that, if he or she notices them, he or she may correct them. Conciliation shall be encouraged at all times as the preferred means of resolving the dispute.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 873-K
Contra las resoluciones pronunciadas en el procedimiento ordinario laboral, no procederá recurso alguno, salvo el recurso de reconsideración contra los actos del secretario instructor establecido en el artículo 871, de esta Ley. No obstante, ya sea de oficio o a petición de parte, el juez podrá subsanar las omisiones o errores en que hubiere incurrido, o bien podrá precisar algún punto, hasta antes de dictar sentencia; asimismo, podrá aclarar ésta una vez que se haya emitido.
Atendiendo a la naturaleza y fines del derecho laboral, el juez deberá asumir un desempeño proactivo, en el que impulse permanentemente el procedimiento, evitando que las deficiencias o inconsistencias formales cometidas durante su desarrollo trasciendan en perjuicio de las partes provocando su dilación a futuro, por lo que de advertirlas podrá subsanarlas. En todo momento se fomentará la conciliación como la vía privilegiada para la solución del conflicto.
Failure to serve notice on any or all of the defendants requires the Court to set, ex officio, a new day and time for holding the hearing, unless the parties attend it or the plaintiff withdraws the actions brought against the defendants who have not been served.
The parties who appear at the hearing shall be deemed notified of the new date for holding it; those who were served and did not attend shall be notified through the bulletin or on the notice board of the Court; and those who were not served shall be notified personally.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 874
La falta de notificación de alguno o de todos los demandados, obliga al Tribunal a señalar de oficio nuevo día y hora para la celebración de la audiencia, salvo que las partes concurran a la misma o cuando el actor se desista de las acciones intentadas en contra de los demandados que no hayan sido notificados.
Las partes que comparecieren a la audiencia, quedarán notificadas de la nueva fecha para su celebración, a las que fueron notificadas y no concurrieron, se les notificará por boletín o en estrados del Tribunal; y las que no fueron notificadas se les hará personalmente.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 875
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 876
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 877
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 878
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 879
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 880
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 881
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 882
(Se deroga).
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 883
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 884
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 885
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 886
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 887
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 888
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 889
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 890
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 891
Se deroga.
CAPITULO XVIII / Del Procedimiento Especial
The provisions of this chapter govern the processing of disputes arising from the application of Articles 5, section III; 28, section III; 151; 153-X; 158; 162; 204, section IX; 209, section V; 210; 236, sections II and III, 484, 503 and 505 of this Law, as well as disputes whose purpose is the collection of benefits not exceeding the amount of three months' wages, the designation of beneficiaries of a worker who has died, regardless of the cause of death, or who has disappeared as a result of a criminal act, and disputes in matters of social security.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 892
Las disposiciones de este capítulo rigen la tramitación de los conflictos que se susciten con motivo de la aplicación de los artículos 5o. fracción III; 28, fracción III; 151; 153-X; 158; 162; 204, fracción IX; 209, fracción V; 210; 236, fracciones II y III, 484, 503 y 505 de esta Ley, así como los conflictos que tengan por objeto el cobro de prestaciones que no excedan del importe de tres meses de salarios, la designación de beneficiarios del trabajador fallecido, con independencia de la causa del deceso, o desaparecido por un acto delincuencial, y los conflictos en materia de seguridad social.
The complaint and the answer must meet the requirements referred to in Articles 872 and 873-A of this Law, insofar as applicable.
Once the Court admits the complaint with the required documents and copies, it shall be served on the defendant, who must answer it in writing within the ten days following the date of service of process and may object to the plaintiff's evidence, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if it fails to do so, the petitions of the plaintiff shall be deemed admitted.
A copy of the answer and its annexes shall be served on the plaintiff so that within a term of three days it may file a reply and object to the evidence of the opposing party. Once this has been done, it shall be served on the defendant so that within the same term it may file its rejoinder.
In these procedures, online processing shall be favored, unless it is materially impossible and without detriment to the rights of workers, insured persons and their beneficiaries.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 893
Los escritos de demanda y contestación deberán cumplir con los requisitos a que se refieren los artículos 872 y 873-A de esta Ley, en lo que sea aplicable.
Una vez que el Tribunal admita la demanda con los documentos y copias requeridas, se correrá traslado al demandado, quien deberá contestarla por escrito dentro de los diez días siguientes a la fecha del emplazamiento, pudiendo objetar las pruebas del actor, con el apercibimiento de que de no hacerlo se le tendrán por admitidas las peticiones del actor.
Con copia del escrito de contestación y sus anexos se correrá traslado a la parte actora para que en el término de tres días formule réplica y objete pruebas de su contraria. Desahogada ésta, se correrá traslado al demandado para que en el mismo plazo realice su contrarréplica.
En estos procedimientos se privilegiará la substanciación en línea, salvo la imposibilidad material para ello y sin detrimento de los derechos de los trabajadores, asegurados y sus beneficiarios.
Once the reply and rejoinder have been filed or the terms for doing so have elapsed, within the following fifteen days the Court shall issue the case clean-up order, which shall deal with the aspects that are the subject of the preliminary hearing under Article 873-E of this Law. This action shall be issued in writing outside a hearing and may not be delegated to the instructing clerk. The Court may use the videoconference system in order to make the requirements to cure deficiencies (prevención) and clarifications that are necessary to issue the case clean-up order.
When the matter so requires due to the complexity of the disputed points, the defenses raised or the preparation of the evidence, the Court shall summon the parties to a preliminary hearing within the ten days following the conclusion of the terms for the reply and rejoinder. The preliminary hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of Article 873-F.
When the dispute is reduced to points of law, or when the only evidence admitted is documentary and it has already been exhibited without objection, the Court shall grant the parties a term of five days to submit closing arguments in writing and, once that term has expired, shall issue judgment without first holding the trial hearing.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 894
Una vez formulada la réplica y contrarréplica o transcurridos los términos para ello, dentro de los quince días siguientes, el Tribunal dictará el auto de depuración, que se ocupará de los aspectos que son objeto de la audiencia preliminar en términos del artículo 873-E de esta Ley. Esta actuación se emitirá por escrito fuera de audiencia, y no podrá delegarse en el secretario instructor. El Tribunal podrá emplear el sistema de videoconferencia a fin de formular las prevenciones y aclaraciones que sean necesarias para emitir el auto de depuración.
Cuando el asunto así lo requiera debido a la complejidad de los puntos controvertidos, las excepciones propuestas o la preparación de las pruebas, el Tribunal citará a audiencia preliminar dentro de los diez días siguientes a que concluyan los plazos para la réplica y contrarréplica. La audiencia preliminar se desahogará conforme a lo establecido en el artículo 873-F.
Cuando la controversia se reduzca a puntos de derecho, o bien cuando la única prueba que resulte admitida sea la documental, y ésta ya se hubiera exhibido sin ser objetada, el Tribunal otorgará a las partes un plazo de cinco días para formular alegatos por escrito, y vencido éste dictará sentencia, sin previa celebración de la audiencia de juicio.
The trial hearing shall be conducted under the terms provided for the ordinary procedure.
In special procedures, the provisions of chapters XII and XVII of this Title shall be observed, insofar as applicable.
I. (Repealed.)
II. (Repealed.)
III. (Repealed.)
IV. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 895
La audiencia de juicio se desahogará en los términos previstos para el procedimiento ordinario.
En los procedimientos especiales se observarán las disposiciones de los capítulos XII y XVII de este Título, en lo que sean aplicables.
I. Se deroga.
II. Se deroga.
III. Se deroga.
IV. Se deroga.
For the application of Article 503 of the Federal Labor Law (LFT), upon the filing of the complaint the Court shall initiate the investigations referred to in that provision; for that purpose, it shall request the employer to provide the names and domiciles of the beneficiaries registered with it and with official institutions; it may also order the carrying out of any proceeding, or use the communication media it deems pertinent, to call all the persons who were economically dependent on the deceased worker to exercise their rights before the Court.
If there is a dispute between the interested parties, the Court shall summon them to the preliminary hearing.
The Court shall issue its resolution taking into account the closing arguments and evidence provided by the persons who exercised rights derived from the benefits generated by the deceased worker.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 896
Para aplicación del artículo 503 de la Ley Federal del Trabajo, con la presentación de la demanda el Tribunal iniciará las investigaciones a que se refiere ese precepto; para ello solicitará al patrón le proporcione los nombres y domicilios de los beneficiarios registrados ante él y en las instituciones oficiales; podrá además ordenar la práctica de cualquier diligencia, o emplear los medios de comunicación que estime pertinentes, para convocar a todas las personas que dependían económicamente del trabajador fallecido a ejercer sus derechos ante el Tribunal.
De existir controversia entre los interesados, el Tribunal citará a la audiencia preliminar.
El Tribunal dictará su resolución tomando en cuenta los alegatos y pruebas aportadas por las personas que ejercitaron derechos derivados de las prestaciones que generó el trabajador fallecido.
The processing and resolution of the collective disputes referred to in Articles 389; 418; 424, section IV; 427, sections I, II and VI; 434, sections I, III and V; and 439 of this Law, as well as cases of violations of fundamental rights in collective matters that infringe freedom of association, freedom to unionize or the right to collective bargaining, or in which procedures for the election of union leadership are challenged, or union sanctions that limit the right to vote and be elected, shall be resolved through the Special Collective Procedure provided for in Articles 897-A through 897-G of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897
La tramitación y resolución de los conflictos colectivos a que se refieren los artículos 389; 418; 424, fracción IV; 427, fracciones I, II y VI; 434, fracciones I, III y V; y 439, de esta Ley, así como los casos de violaciones a derechos fundamentales en materia colectiva que atenten contra la libertad de asociación, libertad sindical, derecho de negociación colectiva, o se impugnen procedimientos de elección de directivas sindicales, o bien sanciones sindicales que limiten el derecho a votar y ser votado, se resolverán mediante el Procedimiento Especial Colectivo previsto en los artículos 897-A al 897-G de esta Ley.
The complaint and the answer shall be filed before the competent Court and must meet the requirements referred to in Articles 872 and 873-A of this Law, insofar as applicable.
Disputes between labor unions referred to in Articles 389 and 418 of this Law shall be resolved only through the consultation of the workers, who shall express their will through personal, free, direct and secret voting, which therefore may not be the subject of negotiation, as these are essential elements of democracy and of the human rights linked to it. In these cases, and in the case of violations of fundamental rights in collective matters that infringe freedom of association, freedom to unionize or the right to collective bargaining, or when procedures for the election of union leadership are challenged, it shall not be necessary to resort to pre-judicial conciliation or to exhibit the corresponding certificate in order to bring the proceeding.
Claims unrelated to the purpose of this procedure may not be joined in it; if they are claimed, the rights of the parties shall be preserved so that they may exercise them through the appropriate procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-A
Los escritos de demanda y contestación se presentarán ante el Tribunal competente y deberán cumplir con los requisitos a que se refieren los artículos 872 y 873-A de esta Ley, en lo que sea aplicable.
Los conflictos entre sindicatos a los que se refieren los artículos 389 y 418 de esta Ley se resolverán únicamente a través de la consulta de los trabajadores, quienes manifestarán su voluntad a través del voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, por lo que no puede ser materia de negociación al ser elementos esenciales de la democracia y de los derechos humanos vinculados a ésta. En estos casos y tratándose de violaciones a derechos fundamentales en materia colectiva que atenten contra la libertad de asociación, libertad sindical o al derecho de negociación colectiva, o cuando se impugnen procedimientos de elección de las directivas sindicales, para promover el juicio no será necesario acudir a la conciliación prejudicial ni exhibir la constancia correspondiente.
No podrán acumularse en esta vía pretensiones ajenas al propósito de ésta; de reclamarse, se dejarán a salvo los derechos de las partes para que los ejerzan en la vía que corresponda.
Once the Court admits the complaint with the required documents and copies, it shall be served on the defendant, who must answer it in writing within the ten days following the date of service of process, meeting the requirements set forth in Article 873-A of the Law and objecting to the plaintiff's evidence, with the warning that if it fails to do so, the provisions of that legal provision shall apply. In disputes over title to collective bargaining, acquiescence to the complaint shall not prevent the continuation of the procedure.
A copy of the answer to the complaint and its annexes shall be served on the plaintiff so that within a term of three days it may file a reply and object to the evidence of the opposing party. Once this has been done, it shall be served on the defendant so that within the same term it may file its rejoinder. Once the reply and rejoinder have been filed or the terms for doing so have elapsed, an order shall be issued setting the date for holding the trial hearing, which must take place within the following five days, except as provided in Article 897-F of this Law.
In the same order, the judge shall clean up the procedure and, where applicable, resolve the procedural defenses that have been raised; likewise, he or she shall admit or reject the evidence, as the case may be. He or she shall also set the manner of preparing the evidence and order the issuance of the corresponding official letters or summonses as established in chapter XII of Title Fourteen of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-B
Una vez que el Tribunal admita la demanda con los documentos y copias requeridas, se correrá traslado al demandado, quien deberá contestarla por escrito dentro de los diez días siguientes a la fecha del emplazamiento, cubriendo los requisitos señalados en el artículo 873-A de la Ley y objetando las pruebas del actor, apercibido que de no hacerlo se estará a lo establecido en dicho precepto legal. En los conflictos de titularidad de la contratación colectiva, el allanamiento a la demanda no impedirá la continuación del procedimiento.
Con copia del escrito de contestación a la demanda y sus anexos se correrá traslado a la parte actora para que en el término de tres días formule réplica y objete pruebas de su contraria. Desahogada ésta, se correrá traslado a la parte demandada para que en el mismo plazo realice su contrarréplica. Una vez formulada la réplica y contrarréplica o transcurridos los términos para ello, se dictará auto que fije fecha para la celebración de la audiencia de juicio, la cual deberá efectuarse dentro de los cinco días siguientes, salvo lo establecido en el artículo 897-F de esta Ley.
En el mismo auto el juez depurará el procedimiento y, en su caso, resolverá las excepciones procesales que se hubieren opuesto; asimismo, admitirá o desechará las pruebas, según sea el caso. También fijará la forma de preparación de las pruebas y ordenará la expedición de oficios o citaciones que correspondan conforme lo establece el capítulo XII del Título Catorce de esta Ley.
The trial hearing shall be conducted as follows:
I. The judge shall open the evidence presentation phase;
II. The admitted and prepared evidence shall be presented before the judge. The hearing shall in no case be suspended or postponed due to lack of preparation of the admitted evidence, except for justified cause; in the case of the vote count evidence, a day, time and place shall be set for carrying it out, and
III. Once the evidence has been presented, the parties shall make their closing arguments orally; immediately thereafter, the judge shall declare the trial stage closed and shall suspend the hearing, summoning the parties to hear judgment within the following three days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-C
La audiencia de juicio se desarrollará de la siguiente manera:
I. El juez abrirá la fase de desahogo de pruebas;
II. Se desahogarán ante el juez las pruebas admitidas y preparadas. La audiencia no se suspenderá ni diferirá en ningún caso por falta de preparación de las pruebas admitidas, salvo causa justificada; tratándose de la prueba de recuento se señalará día, hora y lugar para su realización, y
III. Desahogadas las pruebas, las partes formularán alegatos en forma oral; acto seguido el juez declarará cerrada la etapa de juicio y suspenderá la audiencia, citando a las partes para oír sentencia dentro de los tres días posteriores.
The judge shall issue his or her resolution taking into account the closing arguments and evidence provided by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-D
El juez dictará su resolución tomando en cuenta los alegatos y pruebas aportadas por las partes.
At the session for reading the judgment, the Judge shall set forth orally and briefly the considerations and reasons for his or her resolution; shall read only the operative points, making a copy of the judgment available to the parties, and shall close the trial hearing, thereby ending the procedure.
No appeal shall lie against the resolutions pronounced in the special collective procedure. Nevertheless, ex officio or at the request of a party, the omissions or irregularities noticed may be corrected for the sole purpose of regularizing the procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-E
En la sesión de lectura de sentencia el Juez expondrá oralmente y de forma breve las consideraciones y motivos de su resolución; leerá únicamente los puntos resolutivos, dejando a disposición de las partes copia de la sentencia y cerrará la audiencia de juicio, con lo que se pondrá fin al procedimiento.
Contra las resoluciones pronunciadas en el procedimiento especial colectivo no procederá recurso alguno. No obstante, de oficio o a petición de parte se podrán subsanar las omisiones o irregularidades que se adviertan para el solo efecto de regularizar el procedimiento.
If the vote count of the workers is offered, in order to prepare for it to be carried out through personal, free, direct and secret voting, the Court shall carry out the following proceedings:
I. In order to define the workers who are entitled to vote, within the two days following receipt of the complaint, it shall require:
a) From the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) or equivalent social security institution, the Tax Administration Service (SAT), the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT) and other authorities that, by the nature of their activity, may have information on the workers of the workplace, the information necessary to prepare the roll that will serve as the basis for the vote count evidence; this information shall cover the period of three months prior to the date of filing of the complaint;
b) From the employer, that it report, under oath to tell the truth, the names of all its workers, distinguishing those in positions of trust, those eligible for unionization and those unionized, in addition to specifying their position, wage and date of hire. Likewise, it shall indicate the names of the workers who began working, were dismissed or stopped providing their services during the three months prior to the date of filing of the complaint, and shall attach a copy of the collective bargaining agreement;
c) From the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), the documentation and information relating to the registration of the collective bargaining agreement or the administration of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley), wage schedules, rolls of workers affiliated with the contending labor unions and all other information in its possession.
This information must be delivered to the Court within a term of five days. A copy thereof shall be served on the parties so that within a term of seven days they may raise objections to the reports received and to the lists of workers, and offer, where applicable, the evidence available to them to support their objections;
II. Once the objections have been received or the term for raising them has elapsed, the Court shall summon the parties, within the following three days, to an interlocutory hearing on objections and preparation of the vote count. At that interlocutory hearing, the Court shall rule on the admission and presentation of the documentary evidence offered by the parties.
Once the documentary evidence has been presented, within the seven days following the issuance of the respective order, the Court shall prepare the roll that will serve as the basis for the vote count and shall indicate the place, date and time, as well as the conditions under which the vote count of the workers shall be carried out through personal, free, direct and secret voting, in accordance with the procedure established in Article 390 Bis, section II, subsections c) through j), of this Law, with the particularities provided for in this article; in that order, the judge shall authorize the official or officials or personnel who must carry out the vote count procedure.
The judge shall guarantee that the vote count procedure is carried out under the terms and within the time limits established in this article and that the objections submitted do not delay the procedure;
III. The Court shall serve the parties with the authorized roll and with the order directing that the vote count be carried out, and
IV. Once the vote count has been carried out, the Court shall summon the parties to the trial hearing provided for in Article 897-C of this Law, which must be held no later than within the following five days.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-F
Si se ofrece el recuento de los trabajadores, para preparar su desahogo mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, el Tribunal llevará a cabo las siguientes diligencias:
I. Con objeto de definir los trabajadores que tienen derecho a votar, dentro de los dos días siguientes a la recepción de la demanda, requerirá:
a) Al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social o institución de seguridad social homologa, Servicio de Administración Tributaria, Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores y demás autoridades que por la naturaleza de su actividad puedan tener información de los trabajadores del centro de trabajo, la información necesaria a fin de elaborar el padrón que servirá de base en la prueba de recuento; esta información abarcará el período de tres meses de anticipación a la fecha de presentación de la demanda;
b) Al patrón, para que bajo protesta de decir verdad, informe el nombre de todos sus trabajadores, distinguiendo los de confianza, los sindicalizables y sindicalizados, además de precisar puesto, salario y fecha de ingreso. Asimismo, señalará los nombres de los trabajadores que hayan ingresado a laborar, hayan sido despedidos o dejado de prestar sus servicios con tres meses de anterioridad a la fecha de la presentación de la demanda, y anexará un ejemplar del contrato colectivo de trabajo;
c) Al Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, la documentación e información relativa al registro del contrato colectivo o de la administración del contrato-ley, tabuladores, padrones de trabajadores afiliados a los sindicatos contendientes y toda aquella información que posea.
Esta información deberá ser entregada al Tribunal en el plazo de cinco días. Con copia de la misma se les correrá traslado a las partes a fin de que dentro del plazo de siete días formulen objeciones a los informes recibidos y a los listados de trabajadores, así como para que ofrezcan, en su caso, las pruebas de que dispongan para sustentar sus objeciones;
II. Una vez recibidas las objeciones o transcurrido el plazo para ello, el Tribunal citará a las partes dentro de los tres días siguientes a una audiencia incidental de objeciones y preparación al recuento. En dicha audiencia incidental el Tribunal acordará sobre la admisión y desahogo de las pruebas documentales que hubieran ofrecido las partes.
Una vez desahogadas las pruebas documentales, dentro de los siete días siguientes a que se dicte el acuerdo respectivo, el Tribunal elaborará el padrón que servirá de base para el recuento, y señalará lugar, fecha y hora, así como condiciones bajo las que se desahogará el recuento de los trabajadores mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, conforme al procedimiento establecido en el artículo 390 Bis, fracción II, incisos c) a j), de la presente Ley, con las modalidades contempladas en el presente artículo; en dicho acuerdo el juez facultará a él o los funcionarios o personal que deberá llevar a cabo el procedimiento del recuento.
El juez garantizará que el procedimiento de recuento se realice en los términos y plazos establecidos en este artículo y que las objeciones presentadas no impliquen la dilación del procedimiento;
III. El Tribunal correrá traslado a las partes con el padrón autorizado y con el acuerdo en el que se ordena el desahogo del recuento, y
IV. Desahogado el recuento el Tribunal citará a las partes a la audiencia de juicio prevista en el artículo 897-C de esta Ley, la cual deberá celebrarse a más tardar en los cinco días siguientes.
In the case of disputes between labor unions referred to in Articles 389 and 418 of this Law, if during the course of the procedure interference by the employer in favor of any of the contending labor unions or the commission of acts of violence by any of the parties is noticed, the Judge shall take the measures necessary so that the workers' vote is exercised with full freedom and security, regardless of reporting the facts to the corresponding criminal and administrative authorities for their sanction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 897-G
Cuando se trate de conflictos entre sindicatos a los que se refieren los artículos 389 y 418 de esta Ley, si en el desarrollo del procedimiento se advierte la injerencia del patrón a favor de alguno de los sindicatos contendientes o la comisión de actos de violencia por algunas de las partes, el Juez tomará las medidas necesarias para que el ejercicio del voto de los trabajadores se realice con plena libertad y seguridad, con independencia de que de vista de los hechos a las autoridades penales y administrativas correspondientes para su sanción.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 898
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899
Se deroga.
Sección Primera / Conflictos Individuales de Seguridad Social
Individual social security disputes are those whose purpose is to claim the granting of benefits in cash or in kind derived from the various insurance branches that make up the mandatory regime of Social Security, organized and administered by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), and of those that, in accordance with the Social Security Law (LSS) and the Law of the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute, must be covered by the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT) and the Retirement Fund Administrators (AFORE), as well as those that are applicable by virtue of collective bargaining agreements or industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley) containing social security benefits.
Jurisdiction to hear these disputes, by reason of territory, shall correspond to the Court of the place where the clinic of the Mexican Social Security Institute to which the insured persons or their beneficiaries are assigned is located.
If only benefits related to the refund of retirement and housing funds are claimed, jurisdiction shall correspond to the federal Court of the state (federal entity) where the last workplace of the beneficiary (derechohabiente) is located.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-A
Los conflictos individuales de seguridad social son los que tienen por objeto reclamar el otorgamiento de prestaciones en dinero o en especie, derivadas de los diversos seguros que componen el régimen obligatorio del Seguro Social, organizado y administrado por el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, y de aquellas que conforme a la Ley del Seguro Social y la Ley del Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, deban cubrir el Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores y las Administradoras de Fondos para el Retiro, así como las que resulten aplicables en virtud de contratos colectivos de trabajo o contratos-Ley que contengan beneficios en materia de seguridad social.
La competencia para conocer de estos conflictos, por razón de territorio corresponderá al Tribunal del lugar en el que se encuentre la clínica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social a la cual se encuentren adscritos los asegurados o sus beneficiarios.
En caso de que se demanden únicamente prestaciones relacionadas con la devolución de fondos para el retiro y vivienda, corresponderá la competencia al Tribunal federal de la entidad federativa donde se encuentre el último centro de trabajo del derechohabiente.
Individual social security disputes may be raised by:
I. Workers, insured persons, pensioners or their beneficiaries who hold rights derived from the insurance branches comprised in the mandatory regime of Social Security;
II. Workers who hold rights derived from the National Workers' Housing Fund or their beneficiaries;
III. The holders of the individual accounts of the Retirement Savings System (SAR) of workers subject to this Law or their beneficiaries; and
IV. Workers to whom collective bargaining agreements or industry-wide agreements (contratos-ley) containing social security benefits apply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-B
Los conflictos individuales de seguridad social, podrán ser planteados por:
I. Los trabajadores, asegurados, pensionados o sus beneficiarios, que sean titulares de derechos derivados de los seguros que comprende el régimen obligatorio del Seguro Social;
II. Los trabajadores que sean titulares de derechos derivados del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores o sus beneficiarios;
III. Los titulares de las cuentas individuales del Sistema de Ahorro para el Retiro de los trabajadores sujetos a esta Ley o sus beneficiarios; y
IV. Los trabajadores a quienes les resulten aplicables los contratos colectivos de trabajo o contratos-Ley que contengan beneficios en materia de seguridad social.
Complaints relating to the disputes referred to in this division must contain:
I. Name, domicile and date of birth of the filer and the documents proving his or her standing;
II. Statement of the facts and causes giving rise to the claim;
III. The claims of the filer, stating clearly what is requested;
IV. Name and domicile of the companies or establishments in which he or she has worked; positions held; activities performed; seniority accrued and contributions to the social security regime;
V. Social security number or identification reference as insured person, pensioner or beneficiary, and assigned clinic or family medicine unit;
VI. Where applicable, the latest statement of the individual retirement savings account, a certificate issued by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) of the granting or denial of a pension, or a certificate of the granting or denial of a housing loan;
VII. The documents issued by the employers, the Mexican Social Security Institute, the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute and the corresponding Retirement Fund Administrator or, where applicable, the acknowledgment of receipt of the request for them and, in general, the information necessary to guarantee that the procedure is conducted in accordance with the principle of promptness;
VIII. Such other evidence as the filer deems advisable to prove his or her claims; and
IX. The necessary copies of the complaint and its annexes for service on the counterparty.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-C
Las demandas relativas a los conflictos a que se refiere esta sección, deberán contener:
I. Nombre, domicilio y fecha de nacimiento del promovente y los documentos que acrediten su personalidad;
II. Exposición de los hechos y causas que dan origen a su reclamación;
III. Las pretensiones del promovente, expresando claramente lo que se le pide;
IV. Nombre y domicilio de las empresas o establecimientos en las que ha laborado; puestos desempeñados; actividades desarrolladas; antigüedad generada y cotizaciones al régimen de seguridad social;
V. Número de seguridad social o referencia de identificación como asegurado, pensionado o beneficiario, clínica o unidad de medicina familiar asignada;
VI. En su caso, el último estado de la cuenta individual de ahorro para el retiro, constancia expedida por el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social de otorgamiento o negativa de pensión, o constancia de otorgamiento o negativa de crédito para vivienda;
VII. Los documentos expedidos por los patrones, el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, el Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores y la Administradora de Fondos para el Retiro correspondiente o, en su caso, el acuse de recibo de la solicitud de los mismos y, en general, la información necesaria que garantice la sustanciación del procedimiento con apego al principio de inmediatez;
VIII. Las demás pruebas que juzgue conveniente para acreditar sus pretensiones; y
IX. Las copias necesarias de la demanda y sus anexos, para correr traslado a la contraparte.
The social security bodies, in accordance with the provisions of Article 784, must exhibit the documents that, in accordance with the Laws, they have the legal obligation to issue and keep, with the warning (apercibimiento) that if they fail to present them, the facts alleged by the filer shall be presumed true. In any case, it is incumbent on the social security bodies to prove their assertions when there is a dispute over:
I. Date of enrollment in the social security regime;
II. Number of weeks of contributions in the insurance branches;
III. Average contribution wages of the filers;
IV. Statement of account of housing and retirement contributions of the insured persons;
V. Withdrawals or drawdowns by the insured persons of the account funds;
VI. Granting of pensions or indemnities;
VII. Validity of rights; and
VIII. Partial payments granted to the insured persons.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-D
Los organismos de seguridad social, conforme a lo dispuesto por el artículo 784 deberán exhibir los documentos que, de acuerdo con las Leyes, tienen la obligación legal de expedir y conservar, bajo el apercibimiento de que de no presentarlos, se presumirán ciertos los hechos alegados por el promovente. En todo caso, corresponde a los organismos de seguridad social, probar su dicho cuando exista controversia sobre:
I. Fecha de inscripción al régimen de seguridad social;
II. Número de semanas cotizadas en los ramos de aseguramiento;
III. Promedios salariales de cotización de los promoventes;
IV. Estado de cuenta de aportaciones de vivienda y retiro de los asegurados;
V. Disposiciones o retiros de los asegurados, sobre los recursos de las cuentas;
VI. Otorgamiento de pensiones o indemnizaciones;
VII. Vigencia de derechos; y
VIII. Pagos parciales otorgados a los asegurados.
In the procedure, the provisions of division one of this chapter shall be observed, and in cases in which benefits derived from occupational risks or general illnesses are claimed, the procedure shall also be subject to the following rules:
When the claims in the complaint require the appointment of experts, the parties must be summoned to the preliminary hearing, and in the summons order the Court shall appoint the official medical expert or experts it deems necessary, without prejudice to the parties being able to be accompanied by an advisor to assist them in the questioning.
The expert opinions must contain:
I. Identification data and proof of the medical profession of each of the experts;
II. Identification data of the plaintiff, specifying the document with which his or her identity was verified;
III. Diagnosis of the conditions claimed;
IV. In the case of the classification and valuation of occupational risks, the reasoning for determining the cause-and-effect relationship between the specific activity performed by the worker and the state of disability whose classification or valuation is determined;
V. The evidence on which the conclusions of the expert report are based, including reference to the medical studies to which the worker was subjected; and
VI. Where applicable, the valuation percentage, the percentage of organic-functional impairment, or the determination of the state of disability.
The Court must take the appropriate measures so that the appointed official medical expert or experts accept and take the oath of the office conferred within the five days following the holding of the preparatory hearing, and they must indicate to the Court, with justification, the requirements necessary for issuing the expert opinion and, where applicable, for determining the causal link, in the case of occupational risks.
The Court shall notify the official expert or experts and shall order the measures it deems pertinent to expedite the issuance of the expert opinions and shall require the worker to appear for the medical studies or proceedings required by the expert or experts.
Within the thirty days following the holding of the preparatory hearing, the Court shall set a day and time for the trial hearing, at which the expert opinion or opinions shall be received, with the parties summoned, with the warning that if they fail to appear, their right to formulate cross-questions or observations shall be deemed forfeited.
If the plaintiff does not attend the proceedings ordered by the Court, or if he or she abandons the medical studies or proceedings ordered, the lack of interest shall be recorded so that the evidence may be declared abandoned, except for the justified causes referred to in Article 785 of this Law.
The Court must apply to the experts the means of enforcement established by this Law to guarantee the timely issuance of the expert opinion.
The parties at the hearing for the presentation of the medical expert evidence, personally or through a medical specialist, may make the observations or ask the questions they deem advisable in relation to the considerations and conclusions of the medical expert evidence.
The Court may ask questions of the expert or experts who appear at the proceeding.
The Court shall determine whether the causal link between the specific activity performed by the worker and the work environment indicated in the complaint has been proven, as well as the occupational origin of the alleged occupational risk, in order to classify it as such.
The Court may require from authorities, public institutions and decentralized bodies the information they possess that contributes to the clarification of the facts; it may also request medical studies from public or private health institutions, carry out all kinds of consultations and inspections in the companies or establishments in which the worker has worked and, if necessary, be assisted by the opinion of experts in other fields.
Social security institutions must make available to the courts a computer platform that allows access to their databases so that the court is in a position to clarify the disputed facts.
In the enforcement of the judgment, the parties may agree on the terms of its compliance.
In taking medical expert evidence, the provisions of Articles 822, 823, 824, 824 Bis, 825 and 826 shall apply insofar as they do not conflict with the provisions of this article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-E
En el procedimiento se observará lo establecido en la sección primera de este capítulo, y en los casos en que se demanden prestaciones derivadas de riesgos de trabajo o enfermedades generales, el procedimiento se sujetará además a las siguientes reglas:
Cuando lo planteado en la demanda exija la designación de peritos, deberá citarse a la audiencia preliminar, y en el auto de citación se designará al perito o peritos médicos oficiales que estime necesarios, sin perjuicio de que las partes puedan acompañarse de un asesor que los auxilie en el desahogo del interrogatorio.
Los dictámenes deberán contener:
I. Datos de la identificación y de la acreditación de la profesión de médico de cada uno de los peritos;
II. Datos de identificación del actor, precisando el documento con el que se comprobó su identidad;
III. Diagnóstico sobre los padecimientos reclamados;
IV. Tratándose de calificación y valuación de riesgos de trabajo, los razonamientos para determinar la relación de causa efecto entre la actividad específica desarrollada por el trabajador y el estado de incapacidad cuya calificación o valuación se determine;
V. Los medios de convicción en los cuales se basan las conclusiones del peritaje, incluyendo la referencia a los estudios médicos a los que se hubiera sometido el trabajador; y
VI. En su caso, el porcentaje de valuación, de disminución orgánico funcional, o la determinación del estado de invalidez.
El Tribunal deberá tomar las medidas conducentes para que el o los peritos médicos oficiales designados acepten y protesten el cargo conferido dentro de los cinco días siguientes a la celebración de la audiencia preparatoria, quienes deberán señalar al Tribunal en forma justificada, los requerimientos necesarios para la emisión del dictamen pericial y, en su caso, para la determinación del nexo causal, tratándose de riesgos de trabajo.
El Tribunal notificará al perito o peritos oficiales y dictará las medidas que considere pertinentes para agilizar la emisión de los dictámenes periciales y requerirá al trabajador para que se presente a la realización de los estudios médicos o diligencias que requieran el o los peritos.
Dentro de los treinta días siguientes a la celebración de la audiencia preparatoria, el Tribunal señalará día y hora para la audiencia de juicio, en que se recibirán el o los dictámenes periciales con citación de las partes, con el apercibimiento que de no comparecer, se les tendrá por perdido su derecho para formular repreguntas u observaciones.
Si la parte actora no acude a las diligencias ordenadas por el Tribunal, o si abandona los estudios médicos o diligencias ordenadas, se hará constar la falta de interés, a efecto de que se decrete la deserción de la prueba, salvo las causas justificadas a que se refiere el artículo 785 de esta Ley.
El Tribunal deberá aplicar a los peritos las medidas de apremio que establece esta Ley, para garantizar la emisión oportuna del dictamen.
Las partes en la audiencia de desahogo de la pericial médica, por sí o a través de un especialista en medicina, podrán formular las observaciones o preguntas que juzguen convenientes en relación a las consideraciones y conclusiones de la prueba pericial médica.
El Tribunal podrá formular preguntas al perito o a los peritos que comparezcan a la diligencia.
El Tribunal determinará si se acreditó el nexo causal entre la actividad específica desarrollada por el trabajador y el medio ambiente de trabajo señalado en el escrito de demanda, así como el origen profesional del presunto riesgo de trabajo, para calificarlo como tal.
El Tribunal podrá requerir a las autoridades, instituciones públicas y organismos descentralizados, la información que posean y que contribuya al esclarecimiento de los hechos; también podrá solicitar estudios médicos de instituciones de salud públicas o privadas; practicar toda clase de consultas e inspecciones en las empresas o establecimientos en los que el trabajador haya laborado y, de ser necesario, se auxiliará con la opinión de peritos en otras materias.
Las instituciones de seguridad social deberán poner a disposición de los tribunales una plataforma informática que permita el acceso a sus bases de datos con el objeto de que el tribunal esté en condiciones de esclarecer los hechos controvertidos.
En la ejecución de la sentencia las partes podrán convenir las modalidades de su cumplimiento.
En el desahogo de la prueba pericial médica, se estará a lo dispuesto en los artículos 822, 823, 824, 824 Bis, 825 y 826 en lo que no se oponga a lo previsto en este artículo.
Medical experts who participate in disputes related to the classification and assessment of occupational risks and general illnesses shall be entered in the register of the federal Court as official experts in accordance with Article 899-G.
For that purpose, medical experts shall meet the following requirements:
I. Be legally authorized and qualified to practice the profession of physician;
II. Enjoy a good reputation;
III. Have three years of professional experience related to occupational medicine;
IV. Not have been convicted of an intentional offense punishable by imprisonment; and
V. Observe Article 707 of this Law, as well as the provisions of the Federal Law on Administrative Responsibilities of Public Servants, with respect to grounds for disqualification and recusal.
If, during a period of six months, any of the medical experts fails on more than three occasions to timely submit the medical opinions requested of him or her, without justified cause, in the judgment of the Court, he or she shall be removed from the register of medical experts and may not be readmitted until two years have elapsed, counted from the date of removal.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-F
Los peritos médicos que intervengan en los conflictos vinculados con la calificación y valuación de riesgos de trabajo y enfermedades generales, deberán estar inscritos en el registro del Tribunal federal como peritos oficiales conforme a lo previsto en el artículo 899-G.
Para tal efecto, los peritos médicos deberán satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Estar legalmente autorizados y capacitados para ejercer la profesión de médico;
II. Gozar de buena reputación;
III. Tener tres años de experiencia profesional vinculada con la medicina del trabajo;
IV. No haber sido condenado por delito intencional sancionado con pena corporal; y
V. Observar lo dispuesto por el artículo 707 de esta Ley, así como las disposiciones de la Ley Federal de Responsabilidades Administrativas de los Servidores Públicos, en lo que respecta a las causas de impedimento y excusa.
Si durante el lapso de seis meses alguno de los peritos médicos incumple en más de tres ocasiones, con la presentación oportuna de los dictámenes médicos que le sean requeridos, sin que medie causa justificada, a juicio del Tribunal será dado de baja del registro de peritos médicos y no podrá reingresar sino transcurridos dos años, contados a partir de la fecha de la baja.
The Federal Judiciary Council shall form a body of official medical experts specialized in occupational medicine and related fields who shall be assigned to the Federal Judiciary. When the workload or the level of specialization so requires, the public institutions providing health services shall designate the medical experts requested of them by the Court, under the corresponding Regulations, guaranteeing that the designated physician has no conflict of interest.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 899-G
El Consejo de la Judicatura Federal integrará un cuerpo de peritos médicos oficiales especializados en medicina del trabajo y áreas afines que estarán adscritos al Poder Judicial de la Federación. En caso de que por la carga de trabajo o el nivel de especialización así lo requiera, las instituciones públicas que presten servicios de salud, deberán designar a los peritos médicos que les sean solicitados por el Tribunal, en los términos del Reglamento correspondiente, garantizando que el médico designado no tenga conflicto de intereses.
CAPITULO XIX / Procedimientos de los Conflictos Colectivos de Naturaleza Económica
Collective disputes of an economic nature are those whose purpose is the modification or establishment of new working conditions, or the suspension or termination of collective employment relationships, unless this Law provides for another procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 900
Los conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica, son aquéllos cuyo planteamiento tiene por objeto la modificación o implantación de nuevas condiciones de trabajo, o bien, la suspensión o terminación de las relaciones colectivas de trabajo, salvo que la presente Ley señale otro procedimiento.
In processing the disputes referred to in this chapter, the Courts shall endeavor, above all, to have the parties reach an agreement. To that end, they may attempt conciliation at any stage of the procedure, provided that the decision ending the dispute has not been issued.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 901
En la tramitación de los conflictos a que se refiere este capítulo, los Tribunales deberán procurar, ante todo, que las partes lleguen a un convenio. A este fin, podrán intentar la conciliación en cualquier estado del procedimiento, siempre que no se haya dictado la resolución que ponga fin al conflicto.
The exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective disputes of an economic nature pending before the Court, and of the requests that are filed, unless the workers state in writing that they agree to submit the dispute to the decision of the Court.
The provisions of the preceding paragraph do not apply when the purpose of the strike is that indicated in Article 450, section VI.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 902
El ejercicio del derecho de huelga suspende la tramitación de los conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica, pendientes ante el Tribunal y la de las solicitudes que se presenten, salvo que los trabajadores manifiesten por escrito, estar de acuerdo en someter el conflicto a la decisión del Tribunal.
No es aplicable lo dispuesto en el párrafo anterior, cuando la huelga tenga por objeto lo señalado en el artículo 450, fracción VI.
Collective disputes of an economic nature may be brought by the workers' labor unions holding title to the collective bargaining agreements, by the majority of the workers of a company or establishment, provided that the professional interest is affected, or by the employer or employers, through a written complaint, which shall contain:
I. Name and address of the person bringing the action and the documents evidencing his or her standing;
II. A statement of the facts and causes that gave rise to the dispute; and
III. The claims of the person bringing the action, clearly stating what is requested.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 903
Los conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica podrán ser planteados por los sindicatos de trabajadores titulares de los contratos colectivos de trabajo, por la mayoría de los trabajadores de una empresa o establecimiento, siempre que se afecte el interés profesional, o por el patrón o patronos, mediante demanda por escrito, la cual deberá contener:
I. Nombre y domicilio del que promueve y los documentos que justifiquen su personalidad;
II. Exposición de los hechos y causas que dieron origen al conflicto; y
III. Las pretensiones del promovente, expresando claramente lo que se pide.
The person bringing the action, as the case may be, shall attach the following to the complaint:
I. The public or private documents tending to prove the economic situation of the company or establishment and the need for the measures requested;
II. The list of workers providing their services in the company or establishment, indicating their first names, surnames, job held, wages received and seniority at work;
III. An opinion prepared by the expert regarding the economic situation of the company or establishment;
IV. The evidence it deems appropriate to prove its claims; and
V. The necessary copies of the complaint and its annexes for service on the opposing party.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 904
El promovente, según el caso, deberá acompañar a la demanda lo siguiente:
I. Los documentos públicos o privados que tiendan a comprobar la situación económica de la empresa o establecimiento y la necesidad de las medidas que se solicitan;
II. La relación de los trabajadores que prestan sus servicios en la empresa o establecimiento, indicando sus nombres, apellidos, empleo que desempeñan, salario que perciban y antigüedad en el trabajo;
III. Un dictamen formulado por el perito relativo a la situación económica de la empresa o establecimiento;
IV. Las pruebas que juzgue conveniente para acreditar sus pretensiones; y
V. Las copias necesarias de la demanda y sus anexos, para correr traslado a la contraparte.
The Court, immediately after receiving the complaint, shall order that the defendant be served with process to answer within the term of fifteen days.
The answer shall meet the same requirements as those demanded for the complaint, including, where applicable, the objection to the opposing party's evidence, the procedural defenses and the evidence proving them.
The answer shall be made available to the plaintiff so that, within the term of five days, it may state what is appropriate and, where applicable, object to the defendant's evidence. If it objects to the evidence, it shall offer the relevant means of proof.
Once the plaintiff has responded or the term for doing so has elapsed, the Court shall summon the parties to a hearing, which shall be held within the following twenty-five days.
In the order setting the day and time for the hearing, the Court shall rule on the admission of the evidence offered by the parties, ordering that it be taken at such hearing.
Expert evidence shall be rendered by official experts, who shall accept the appointment within the three days following the date of their designation.
The opinion of the official experts shall be submitted at least ten days before the hearing date so that a copy of it may be served on the parties and they may submit in writing the objections and arguments they deem appropriate, which they shall do within the five days following its receipt. Each party may designate one or more experts to join those appointed by the Court or to render their opinion separately.
The workers and the employers may designate two commissions composed of the number of persons determined by the Court to accompany the experts in the investigation and to give them the observations and suggestions they deem appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 905
El Tribunal, inmediatamente después de recibir la demanda, ordenará emplazar a la parte demandada para que conteste en el término de quince días.
El escrito de contestación deberá reunir los mismos requisitos exigidos para la demanda, incluyendo en su caso la objeción de pruebas de la contraparte, las excepciones procesales y las pruebas con que éstas se acrediten.
Con la contestación se dará vista a la parte actora para que en el término de cinco días manifieste lo que corresponda y, en su caso, objete las pruebas de la demandada. De objetar las pruebas, deberá ofrecer los medios probatorios conducentes.
Desahogada la vista o transcurrido el plazo para su desahogo, el Tribunal citará a las partes a una audiencia que deberá efectuarse dentro de los veinticinco días siguientes.
En el auto que señale día y hora para la celebración de audiencia, el Tribunal se pronunciará respecto de la admisión de pruebas ofrecidas por las partes, ordenando su desahogo dentro de dicha audiencia.
La prueba pericial se rendirá por medio de peritos oficiales, quienes deberán aceptar el cargo dentro de los tres días siguientes a la fecha de su designación.
El dictamen de los peritos oficiales deberá presentarse con al menos diez días de anticipación a la fecha de audiencia a fin de que se le corra traslado con copia del mismo a las partes para que éstas puedan realizar por escrito las objeciones y alegatos que estimen convenientes, lo cual deberán hacer en el plazo de los cinco días siguientes a su recepción. Cada parte podrá designar uno o más peritos para que se asocien a los nombrados por el Tribunal o rindan su dictamen por separado.
Los trabajadores y los patrones podrán designar dos comisiones integradas con el número de personas que determine el Tribunal, para que acompañen a los peritos en la investigación y les indiquen las observaciones y sugerencias que juzguen conveniente.
The hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the following rules:
I. If the person bringing the action does not attend the hearing, he or she shall be deemed to have withdrawn the request;
II. If the opposing party does not attend, it shall be deemed to reject any settlement. The person bringing the action shall make a statement of the facts and causes that gave rise to the dispute and shall ratify his or her petition;
III. If both parties attend, the Court, after hearing their arguments, shall urge them to seek a conciliatory settlement. Its members may make the suggestions they deem appropriate for settling the dispute;
IV. If the parties reach an agreement, the dispute shall be deemed concluded. The agreement, approved by the Court, shall produce all the legal effects inherent in a judgment;
V. If no agreement is reached, the parties shall make a statement of the facts and causes that gave rise to the dispute and shall formulate their petitions, and for evidence that by its nature cannot be taken, a day and time shall be set for that purpose;
VI. Once the parties' statements have concluded and their petitions have been formulated, the admitted evidence shall be taken, and
VII. Once the evidence has been taken, the parties shall be given the floor to formulate brief closing arguments, and the case shall be declared ready for judgment.
VIII. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 906
La audiencia se desarrollará de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
I. Si el promovente no concurre a la audiencia, se le tendrá por desistido de su solicitud;
II. Si no concurre la contraparte, se le tendrá por inconforme con todo arreglo. El promovente hará una exposición de los hechos y de las causas que dieron origen al conflicto y ratificará su petición;
III. Si concurren las dos partes, el Tribunal, después de oír sus alegaciones, las exhortará para que procuren un arreglo conciliatorio. Los miembros del mismo podrán hacer las sugestiones que juzguen convenientes para el arreglo del conflicto;
IV. Si las partes llegan a un convenio, se dará por terminado el conflicto. El convenio, aprobado por el Tribunal, producirá todos los efectos jurídicos inherentes a una sentencia;
V. Si no se llega a un convenio, las partes harán una exposición de los hechos y causas que dieron origen al conflicto y formularán sus peticiones y a las que por su naturaleza no puedan desahogarse, se les señalará día y hora para ello;
VI. Concluidas las exposiciones de las partes y formuladas sus peticiones, se procederá a desahogar las pruebas admitidas, y
VII. Desahogadas las pruebas, se concederá el uso de la voz a las partes para formular alegatos en forma breve y se declararán vistos los autos para sentencia.
VIII. Se deroga.
The experts designated by the Court shall meet the following requirements:
I. Be Mexican and in full exercise of their rights;
II. Be legally authorized and qualified to practice the technique, science or art that is the subject of the expert opinion, except in cases where no authorization is required, but they must have knowledge of the subject matter in question; and
III. Not have been convicted of an intentional offense.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 907
Los peritos designados por el Tribunal deberán satisfacer los requisitos siguientes:
I. Ser mexicanos y estar en pleno ejercicio de sus derechos;
II. Estar legalmente autorizados y capacitados para ejercer la técnica, ciencia o arte sobre el que verse el peritaje, salvo los casos en que no se requiera autorización, pero deberán tener los conocimientos de la materia de que se trate; y
III. No haber sido condenados por delito intencional.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 908
Se deroga.
The Court, in assistance of the parties, may act with the greatest latitude so that the appointed experts carry out the investigations and studies they deem appropriate, and the experts may act with the greatest latitude, having, in addition to the powers inherent in their work, the following powers:
I. To request all kinds of reports and studies from the authorities and from official, federal or state institutions and from private institutions dealing with economic problems, such as social and economic research institutes, union organizations, chambers of commerce, chambers of industry and other similar institutions;
II. To carry out all kinds of inspections at the company or establishment and review its books and documents; and
III. To examine the parties and the persons related to the workers or to the company whom they deem appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 909
El Tribunal, en auxilio de las partes, podrá actuar con la mayor amplitud para que los peritos nombrados, realicen las investigaciones y estudios que juzguen conveniente, y podrán actuar con la mayor amplitud, teniendo, además de las inherentes a su desempeño, las facultades siguientes:
I. Solicitar toda clase de informes y estudios de las autoridades y de las instituciones oficiales, federales o estatales y de las particulares que se ocupen de problemas económicos, tales como los institutos de investigaciones sociales y económicos, las organizaciones sindicales, las cámaras de comercio, las de industria y otras instituciones semejantes;
II. Practicar toda clase de inspecciones en la empresa o establecimiento y revisar sus libros y documentos; y
III. Examinar a las partes y a las personas relacionadas con los trabajadores o con la empresa, que juzguen conveniente.
The experts' opinion shall contain at least:
I. The facts and causes that gave rise to the dispute;
II. The relationship between the cost of living per family and the wages received by the workers;
III. The average wages paid in companies or establishments of the same branch of industry and the general working conditions in force in them;
IV. The economic conditions of the company or companies or of the establishment or establishments;
V. The general condition of the industry of which the company or establishment forms part;
VI. The general conditions of the markets;
VII. The statistical indexes tending to determine the national economy; and
VIII. The manner in which, in their opinion, the dispute may be resolved.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 910
El dictamen de los peritos deberá contener, por lo menos:
I. Los hechos y causas que dieron origen al conflicto;
II. La relación entre el costo de la vida por familia y los salarios que perciban los trabajadores;
III. Los salarios medios que se paguen en empresa o establecimientos de la misma rama de la industria y las condiciones generales de trabajo que rijan en ellos;
IV. Las condiciones económicas de la empresa o empresas o del establecimiento o establecimientos;
V. La condición general de la industria de que forma parte la empresa o establecimiento;
VI. Las condiciones generales de los mercados;
VII. Los índices estadísticos que tiendan a precisar la economía nacional; y
VIII. La forma en que, según su parecer, pueda solucionarse el conflicto.
The experts' opinion shall be added to the file and a copy shall be delivered to each of the parties.
The Clerk shall record in the case file the day and time at which he or she delivered the copies to the parties, or their refusal to receive them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 911
El dictamen de los peritos se agregará al expediente y se entregará una copia a cada una de las partes.
El Secretario asentará razón en autos del día y hora en que hizo entrega de las copias a las partes, o de la negativa de éstas para recibirlas.
If the parties make objections to the official expert opinion, the Court shall summon them to an interlocutory hearing on objections to the official expert opinion within the three days following receipt of such objections. The experts shall attend this hearing to answer the questions put to them by the parties and, in relation to the expert opinions they rendered, evidence may be offered for the purpose of proving the falsity or inconsistency of the facts and considerations contained in the opinion.
In view of the nature of this type of proceeding, the hearing in question shall be extended for the time necessary to give the parties the opportunity to examine the experts exhaustively and to present the evidence they offer to prove their objections.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 912
En caso de que las partes formulen objeciones al dictamen pericial oficial, el Tribunal citará a una audiencia incidental de objeciones al peritaje oficial dentro de los tres días siguientes a que reciba dichas objeciones. A esta audiencia deberán concurrir los peritos para contestar las preguntas que les formulen las partes y, en relación con los peritajes que rindieron, se podrán ofrecer pruebas que tengan por objeto comprobar la falsedad o inconsistencia de los hechos y consideraciones contenidas en el dictamen.
Atendiendo a la naturaleza de este tipo de juicios, la audiencia en cuestión deberá prorrogarse el tiempo necesario para dar oportunidad a las partes de interrogar exhaustivamente a los peritos y desahogar las pruebas que ofrezcan para acreditar sus objeciones.
The Court has the broadest powers to carry out the proceedings it deems appropriate in order to complete, clarify or specify the issues analyzed by the experts, as well as to request new reports from the authorities, institutions and private parties referred to in Article 909, section I, of this chapter, to examine the experts or ask them for a supplementary opinion, or to designate commissions to carry out special investigations or studies.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 913
El Tribunal tiene las más amplias facultades para practicar las diligencias que juzgue convenientes, a fin de completar, aclarar o precisar las cuestiones analizadas por los peritos, así como para solicitar nuevos informes a las autoridades, instituciones y particulares a que se refiere el artículo 909, fracción I de este capítulo, interrogar a los peritos o pedirles algún dictamen complementario o designar comisiones para que practiquen o realicen investigaciones o estudios especiales.
The authorities, institutions and private parties referred to in the preceding articles are obligated to provide the reports, answer the questionnaires and make the statements requested of them.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 914
Las autoridades, las instituciones y los particulares a que se refieren los artículos que anteceden, están obligadas a proporcionar los informes, contestar los cuestionarios y rendir las declaraciones que se les soliciten.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 915
Se deroga.
Once the pretrial phase has been declared closed, the Court shall issue judgment within the following thirty days, which shall contain:
I. A summary of the statements and petitions of the parties;
II. A summary of the experts' opinion and of the observations made by the parties;
III. A list and assessment of the evidence and of the proceedings carried out by the Court;
IV. A summary of the closing arguments; and
V. It shall indicate the reasons and grounds that may serve to resolve the dispute.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 916
Una vez que se declare cerrada la instrucción, el Tribunal dictará sentencia dentro de los treinta días siguientes, la que deberá contener:
I. Un extracto de las exposiciones y peticiones de las partes;
II. Un extracto del dictamen de los peritos y de las observaciones que hubiesen hecho las partes;
III. Una enumeración y apreciación de las pruebas y de las diligencias practicadas por el Tribunal;
IV. Un extracto de los alegatos; y
V. Señalará los motivos y fundamentos que puedan servir para la solución del conflicto.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 917
Se deroga.
(Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 918
Se deroga.
The Court, in order to achieve balance and social justice in the relations between workers and employers, may in its decision increase or decrease the personnel, the working hours, the work week and the wages, and, in general, modify the working conditions of the company or establishment, but in no case may it reduce the minimum rights set forth in the laws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 919
El Tribunal, a fin de conseguir el equilibrio y la justicia social en las relaciones entre los trabajadores y patrones, en su resolución podrá aumentar o disminuir el personal, la jornada, la semana de trabajo, los salarios y, en general, modificar las condiciones de trabajo de la empresa o establecimiento, sin que en ningún caso pueda reducir los derechos mínimos consignados en las leyes.
CAPITULO XX / Procedimiento de Huelga
The strike procedure shall be initiated by filing the statement of demands, which shall meet the following requirements:
I. It shall be addressed in writing to the employer and shall set forth the demands, announce the intention to go on strike if they are not met, state specifically the purpose of the strike and indicate the day and time at which work will be suspended, or the pre-strike term;
II. It shall be filed in duplicate with the competent Court. If the company or establishment is located in a place other than that in which the Court resides, the document may be filed with the nearest jurisdictional body or with the highest-ranking political authority of the place where the company or establishment is located. The body or authority serving the strike notice shall send the file, within the following twenty-four hours, to the competent Court, and shall notify it by telephone or by any electronic means;
III. Notice of the suspension of work shall be given at least six days before the date set for suspending work, and ten days in advance in the case of public services, observing the legal provisions of this Law. The term shall be counted from the day and time at which the employer is served with notice.
IV. When the purpose of the strike procedure is to obtain from the employer or employers the execution of the collective bargaining agreement under Article 450, section II, of this Law, the Certificate of Representativeness issued by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL) in accordance with the procedure established in Article 390 Bis shall be attached to the strike notice;
V. When the purpose of the strike procedure is to obtain from the employer or employers the execution of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) under section III of Article 450 of this Law, the Certificate of Representativeness issued by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration shall be attached to the strike notice, or it shall be stated that a collective bargaining agreement has been entered into at the company, indicating the number or folio of its registration with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, and
VI. When the purpose of the strike procedure is any of those contemplated in sections I, IV, V, VI or VII of Article 450 of this Law, as well as that provided for in section II of such article with respect to contractual revision, in order to evidence that the labor union serving the strike notice holds title to the collective bargaining agreement or is the administrator of the industry-wide agreement, the Certificate of Registration of the collective bargaining agreement issued by the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration, or the acknowledgment of receipt of the document by which such Certificate was requested, shall be attached to the strike notice.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 920
El procedimiento de huelga se iniciará mediante la presentación del pliego de peticiones, que deberá reunir los requisitos siguientes:
I. Se dirigirá por escrito al patrón y en él se formularán las peticiones, anunciarán el propósito de ir a la huelga si no son satisfechas, expresarán concretamente el objeto de la misma y señalarán el día y hora en que se suspenderán las labores, o el término de prehuelga;
II. Se presentará por duplicado al Tribunal competente. Si la empresa o establecimiento están ubicados en lugar distinto al en que resida el Tribunal, el escrito podrá presentarse al órgano jurisdiccional más próximo o a la autoridad política de mayor jerarquía del lugar de ubicación de la empresa o establecimiento. El órgano o autoridad que haga el emplazamiento remitirá el expediente, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes, al Tribunal competente; y le avisará telefónicamente, o por cualquier medio electrónico;
III. El aviso para la suspensión de las labores deberá darse, por lo menos, con seis días de anticipación a la fecha señalada para suspender el trabajo y con diez días de anticipación cuando se trate de servicios públicos, observándose las disposiciones legales de esta Ley. El término se contará a partir del día y hora en que el patrón quede notificado.
IV. Cuando el procedimiento de huelga tenga por objeto obtener del patrón o patrones la celebración del contrato colectivo de trabajo en términos del artículo 450, fracción II de esta Ley, se deberá anexar al emplazamiento a huelga la Constancia de Representatividad expedida por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, conforme al procedimiento establecido en el artículo 390 Bis;
V. Cuando el procedimiento de huelga tenga por objeto obtener del patrón o patrones la celebración del contrato-ley en términos de la fracción III del artículo 450 de esta Ley, se deberá anexar al emplazamiento a huelga la Constancia de Representatividad, expedida por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o deberá de mencionarse que se tiene celebrado contrato colectivo de trabajo en la empresa, señalando el número o folio de su registro ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, y
VI. Cuando el procedimiento de huelga tenga por objeto los contemplados en las fracciones I, IV, V, VI o VII del artículo 450 de esta Ley, así como el previsto en la fracción II de dicho artículo en lo que se refiere a la revisión contractual, para acreditar que el sindicato emplazante es el titular del contrato colectivo de trabajo o el administrador del contrato ley, se deberá anexar al emplazamiento a huelga el Certificado de Registro del contrato colectivo expedido por el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral o el acuse de recibo del escrito en el que se solicitó dicho Certificado.
The Court or the authorities mentioned in section II of the preceding article, under their strictest responsibility, shall deliver to the employer the copy of the strike notice within the forty-eight hours following its receipt.
Service of the notice shall have the effect of making the employer, for the entire term of the notice, the depositary of the company or establishment affected by the strike, with the powers and responsibilities inherent in the position.
At the request of a party, the Courts, within the forty-eight hours following the request, shall issue certification of the existence or nonexistence of a strike notice served against a workplace.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 921
El Tribunal o las autoridades mencionadas en la fracción II del artículo anterior, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad harán llegar al patrón la copia del escrito de emplazamiento dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes a la de su recibo.
La notificación producirá el efecto de constituir al patrón, por todo el término del aviso, en depositario de la empresa o establecimiento afectado por la huelga, con las atribuciones y responsabilidades inherentes al cargo.
A petición de parte, los Tribunales, dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes a que le sea solicitado, expedirán la certificación de la existencia o no de un emplazamiento a huelga promovido contra un centro de trabajo.
Within the twenty-four hours following the filing of the strike notice, the Court or the authorities mentioned in section II of Article 920 of this Law shall notify the competent Conciliation Center so that it may intervene during the pre-strike period in order to bring the parties to agreement; the Center shall have the power to summon them during the pre-strike period to negotiate and hold conciliation talks. For this purpose, they may assign conciliators before the Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 921 Bis
Dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a la que sea presentado el emplazamiento a huelga, el Tribunal o las autoridades mencionadas en la fracción II del artículo 920 de esta Ley, notificarán al Centro de Conciliación competente para que intervenga durante el período de prehuelga a fin de avenir a las partes; éste tendrá facultad de citarlas dentro del período de prehuelga para negociar y celebrar pláticas conciliatorias. Para este propósito, podrán asignar conciliadores ante el Tribunal.
The employer, within the forty-eight hours following service of notice, shall file its written answer with the Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 922
El patrón, dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes a la de la notificación, deberá presentar su contestación por escrito ante el Tribunal.
The strike notice shall not be processed when it is not drawn up in accordance with the requirements of Article 920, or is filed by a labor union that does not hold title to the collective bargaining agreement or is not the administrator of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley), or when it seeks to demand the signing of a collective bargaining agreement even though one has already been deposited with the Federal Center for Labor Conciliation and Registration (CFCRL), unless such agreement has not been revised in the last four years. The Court, before initiating the processing of any strike notice, shall verify the foregoing and notify the decision in writing to the person filing it.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 923
No se dará trámite al escrito de emplazamiento de huelga cuando éste no sea formulado conforme a los requisitos del artículo 920 o sea presentado por un sindicato que no sea el titular del contrato colectivo de trabajo, o el administrador del contrato ley, o cuando se pretenda exigir la firma de un contrato colectivo, no obstante existir ya uno depositado ante el Centro Federal de Conciliación y Registro Laboral, salvo que dicho contrato no haya sido revisado en los últimos cuatro años. El Tribunal, antes de iniciar el trámite de cualquier emplazamiento a huelga, deberá cerciorarse de lo anterior y notificarle por escrito la resolución al promovente.
From service of the statement of demands with strike notice, all enforcement of any judgment shall be suspended, nor may any attachment, seizure, proceeding or eviction be carried out against the company or establishment, nor may property be seized from the premises where they are installed, except when, before the strike breaks out, the purpose is:
I. To secure the rights of the worker, especially indemnities, wages, pensions and other accrued benefits, up to the amount of two years of the worker's wages;
II. Claims arising from failure to pay contributions to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS);
III. To secure the collection of the contributions that the employer is obligated to make to the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT); and
IV. Other tax debts (créditos fiscales).
The rights of the workers shall always have preference over the claims referred to in sections II, III and IV of this provision, and in any case the actions relating to the exceptional cases indicated in the preceding sections shall be carried out without affecting the strike procedure.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 924
A partir de la notificación del pliego de peticiones con emplazamiento a huelga, deberá suspenderse toda ejecución de sentencia alguna, así como tampoco podrá practicarse embargo, aseguramiento, diligencia o desahucio, en contra de la empresa o establecimiento, ni secuestrar bienes del local en que se encuentren instalados, salvo cuando antes de estallar la huelga se trate de:
I. Asegurar los derechos del trabajador, especialmente indemnizaciones, salarios, pensiones y demás prestaciones devengadas, hasta por el importe de dos años de salarios del trabajador;
II. Créditos derivados de la falta de pago de las cuotas al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social;
III. Asegurar el cobro de las aportaciones que el patrón tiene obligación de efectuar al Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda de los Trabajadores; y
IV. Los demás créditos fiscales.
Siempre serán preferentes los derechos de los trabajadores, sobre los créditos a que se refieran las fracciones II, III y IV de este precepto, y en todo caso las actuaciones relativas a los casos de excepción señaladas en las fracciones anteriores, se practicarán sin afectar el procedimiento de huelga.
For the purposes of this Chapter, public services means communications and transport, light and electric power, sanitation, the use and distribution of water intended for the service of towns, gas, health services, hospitals, cemeteries and food services when they relate to basic necessities, provided that in this last case an entire branch of the service is affected.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 925
Para los efectos de este Capítulo, se entiende por servicios públicos los de comunicaciones y transportes, los de luz y energía eléctrica, los de limpia, los de aprovechamiento y distribución de aguas destinadas al servicio de las poblaciones, los de gas, los sanitarios, los de hospitales, los de cementerios y los de alimentación, cuando se refieran a artículos de primera necesidad, siempre que en este último caso se afecte alguna rama completa del servicio.
The Court shall summon the parties to a conciliation hearing to be held within the pre-strike period, in which the conciliator of the competent Conciliation Center may intervene in order to seek to bring them to agreement. At this hearing, no statement shall be made that prejudges the existence or nonexistence, or the justification or lack of justification, of the strike. This hearing may be postponed at the request of the labor union or of both parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 926
El Tribunal citará a las partes a una audiencia de conciliación que se celebrará dentro del período de prehuelga, en la que podrá intervenir el conciliador del Centro de Conciliación competente para procurar avenirlas. En esta audiencia no se hará declaración alguna que prejuzgue sobre la existencia o inexistencia, justificación o injustificación de la huelga. Esta audiencia podrá ser diferida a petición del sindicato o de ambas partes.
The conciliation hearing shall conform to the following rules:
I. If the employer raised the defense of lack of standing when answering the statement of demands, the Court shall first resolve this issue and, if it declares it unfounded, the hearing shall continue;
II. If the workers do not attend the conciliation hearing, the term for the suspension of work shall not run;
III. The Court may use enforcement measures to compel the employer to attend the conciliation hearing;
IV. The effects of the notice referred to in Article 920, section II, of this Law shall not be suspended by the conciliation hearing or by the employer's default in attending it.
V. After the employer has been served with the strike notice, at the request of the labor union the pre-strike period may be extended or enlarged on a single occasion for up to thirty days. In the case of companies or institutions that depend on public resources, it may be extended for a longer term. Additional extensions may also be admitted when, in the judgment of the Court, there is cause justifying it.
If the initial collective bargaining agreement or the revision agreement for the collective bargaining agreement is not approved by the workers under Article 390 Ter, section II, the labor union may extend the pre-strike period for up to fifteen days. However, when circumstances so warrant, the Court may authorize the extension to last up to a maximum of thirty days, provided that the labor union so requests and justifies it at the time of filing.
Independently of the foregoing, the parties may by mutual agreement extend or enlarge the pre-strike period in order to reach a conciliatory agreement; however, the extension may not have a duration that affects the rights of third parties.
In the case of strike notices for the signing of a collective bargaining agreement for a specific project, the pre-strike period may not exceed the duration of the project.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 927
La audiencia de conciliación se ajustará a las normas siguientes:
I. Si el patrón opuso la excepción de falta de personalidad al contestar el pliego de peticiones, el Tribunal resolverá previamente esta situación y, en caso de declararla infundada, se continuará con la audiencia;
II. Si los trabajadores no concurren a la audiencia de conciliación, no correrá el término para la suspensión de las labores;
III. El Tribunal podrá emplear los medios de apremio para obligar al patrón a que concurra a la audiencia de conciliación;
IV. Los efectos del aviso a que se refiere el artículo 920 fracción II de la presente Ley, no se suspenderán por la audiencia de conciliación ni por la rebeldía del patrón para concurrir a ella.
V. Después de emplazado el patrón, a petición del sindicato se podrá prorrogar o ampliar el período de prehuelga por una sola ocasión hasta por treinta días. Cuando se trate de empresas o instituciones que dependan de recursos públicos, se podrá prorrogar por un plazo mayor. Asimismo, podrán admitirse prórrogas adicionales cuando a criterio del Tribunal exista causa que lo justifique.
En caso de que el contrato colectivo de trabajo inicial o el convenio de revisión del contrato colectivo no sea aprobado por los trabajadores en términos de lo previsto por el artículo 390 Ter, fracción II, el sindicato podrá prorrogar el periodo de prehuelga hasta por quince días. No obstante, cuando las circunstancias así lo ameriten, el Tribunal podrá autorizar que la prórroga se extienda hasta por un máximo de treinta días, siempre y cuando el sindicato así lo solicite y justifique al momento de promoverla.
Con independencia de lo anterior, las partes de común acuerdo podrán prorrogar o ampliar el período de prehuelga con objeto de llegar a un acuerdo conciliatorio; no obstante, la prórroga no podrá tener una duración que afecte derechos de terceros.
Tratándose de emplazamientos a huelga por firma de contrato colectivo de trabajo por obra determinada, el periodo de prehuelga no podrá exceder del término de duración de la obra.
In the procedures referred to in this chapter, the following rules shall be observed:
I. (Repealed.)
II. The general rules regarding terms for serving notices and summonses shall not apply. Notices shall take effect from the day and time at which they are served;
III. All days and hours shall be business days and hours. The Court shall have permanent duty shifts for that purpose;
IV. No disqualification may be raised against either the Court or the conciliator of the Conciliation Center, nor shall any interlocutory proceedings be admitted other than that of lack of standing, which may be raised by the employer in its answer to the strike notice, and by the workers within the forty-eight hours following the time at which they become aware of the employer's first filing. The Court, within the twenty-four hours following the filing, after hearing the parties, shall issue a decision, and
V. No question of jurisdiction may be raised. If, once the employer has been served with the strike notice, the Court observes that the matter is not within its jurisdiction, it shall make the corresponding declaration.
The workers shall have a term of twenty-four hours to designate the Court they consider competent, so that the file may be sent to it. The proceedings shall retain their validity, but the term for the suspension of work shall run from the date on which the Court designated as competent notifies the employer that it has received the file, which shall be made known to the parties in the decision declaring lack of jurisdiction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 928
En los procedimientos a que se refiere este capítulo se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Se deroga.
II. No serán aplicables las reglas generales respecto de términos para hacer notificaciones y citaciones. Las notificaciones surtirán efectos desde el día y hora en que quedan hechas;
III. Todos los días y horas serán hábiles. El Tribunal tendrá guardias permanentes para tal efecto;
IV. No serán denunciables tanto el Tribunal como el conciliador del Centro de Conciliación, ni se admitirán más incidentes que el de falta de personalidad, que podrá promoverse, por el patrón, en el escrito de contestación al emplazamiento, y por los trabajadores, dentro de las cuarenta y ocho horas siguientes a la en que tengan conocimiento de la primera promoción del patrón. El Tribunal dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a la promoción, con audiencia de las partes, dictará resolución, y
V. No podrá promoverse cuestión alguna de competencia. Si una vez hecho el emplazamiento al patrón, el Tribunal observa que el asunto no es de su competencia, hará la declaratoria correspondiente.
Los trabajadores dispondrán de un término de veinticuatro horas para designar el Tribunal que consideren competente, a fin de que se le remita el expediente. Las actuaciones conservarán su validez, pero el término para la suspensión de las labores correrá a partir de la fecha en que el Tribunal designado competente notifique al patrón haber recibido el expediente; lo que se hará saber a las partes en la resolución de incompetencia.
The workers and the employers of the affected company or establishment, or interested third parties, may request the Court, within the seventy-two hours following the suspension of work, to declare the strike nonexistent on the grounds indicated in Article 459 or for failure to meet the requirements established in Article 920 of this Law.
If a declaration of nonexistence is not requested, the strike shall be considered existing for all legal purposes, and the Court shall make the corresponding declaration.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 929
Los trabajadores y los patrones de la empresa o establecimiento afectado, o terceros interesados, podrán solicitar del Tribunal, dentro de las setenta y dos horas siguientes a la suspensión del trabajo, declare la inexistencia de la huelga por las causas señaladas en el artículo 459 o por no haber cumplido los requisitos establecidos en el artículo 920 de esta Ley.
Si no se solicita la declaración de inexistencia, la huelga será considerada existente para todos los efectos legales, por lo que el Tribunal hará la declaratoria correspondiente.
In the procedure for declaring a strike nonexistent, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The request for the strike to be declared nonexistent shall be filed in writing, accompanied by a copy for each of the employers served with the strike notice and for each of the labor unions or coalitions of workers that served it. The request shall indicate the grounds and legal basis for it. Different grounds of nonexistence may not be asserted subsequently. If the request for a declaration of nonexistence invokes the case indicated in section I of Article 459 of this Law, the vote count evidence shall be offered, observing the provisions of Article 931;
II. The Court shall serve the request with its annexes and shall hear the parties at a hearing on the classification of the strike, which shall also be for the offering and receipt of evidence, and which shall be held within a term not exceeding five days and notified three days before it is held;
III. The evidence shall relate to the grounds of nonexistence contained in the request mentioned in section I and, when the request has been filed by third parties, also to the evidence tending to prove their interest. The Court shall accept only the evidence that meets the indicated requirements;
IV. The evidence shall be presented at the hearing on the classification of the strike, except as provided in Article 931 of this Law. Only in exceptional cases may the Court defer receipt of evidence that by its nature cannot be taken at the hearing on the classification of the strike, and
V. Once the receipt of evidence has concluded, the Court, within the following twenty-four hours, shall decide on the existence or nonexistence of the legal status of the strike.
VI. (Repealed.)
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 930
En el procedimiento de declaración de inexistencia de la huelga, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. La solicitud para que se declare la inexistencia de la huelga, se presentará por escrito, acompañada de una copia para cada uno de los patrones emplazados y de los sindicatos o coalición de trabajadores emplazantes. En la solicitud se indicarán las causas y fundamentos legales para ello. No podrán aducirse posteriormente causas distintas de inexistencia. En caso de que en la solicitud de inexistencia se haga valer la hipótesis señalada en la fracción I del artículo 459 de esta Ley, deberá ofrecerse la prueba de recuento observando lo establecido en su artículo 931;
II. El Tribunal correrá traslado de la solicitud con sus anexos y oirá a las partes en una audiencia de calificación de la huelga, que será también de ofrecimiento y recepción de pruebas, la cual deberá celebrarse dentro de un término no mayor de cinco días y ser notificada con anticipación de tres días a su celebración;
III. Las pruebas deberán referirse a las causas de inexistencia contenidas en la solicitud mencionada en la fracción I, y cuando la solicitud se hubiere presentado por terceros, las que además tiendan a comprobar su interés. El Tribunal aceptará únicamente las que satisfagan los requisitos señalados;
IV. Las pruebas se rendirán en la audiencia de calificación de la huelga, salvo lo dispuesto en el artículo 931 de esta Ley. Sólo en casos excepcionales podrá el Tribunal diferir la recepción de las pruebas que por su naturaleza no puedan desahogarse en la audiencia de calificación de la huelga, y
V. Concluida la recepción de las pruebas, el Tribunal, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes, resolverá sobre la existencia o inexistencia del estado legal de la huelga.
VI. Se deroga.
If a vote count of the workers is offered as evidence, the following rules shall be observed:
I. (Repealed.)
II. Only the workers of the company who attend the vote count shall be entitled to vote;
III. Those who were dismissed from work after the date of filing of the strike notice shall be considered workers of the company;
IV. The votes of workers in positions of trust, and those of workers who started work after the date of filing of the strike notice, shall not be counted; and
V. The vote count evidence must be offered in the request for a declaration that the strike is nonexistent contemplated in section I of Article 930 of this Law, to which the list with the names of the workers to be consulted shall be attached, so that it may be served with the request on the opposing party;
VI. The party opposing the one that requested the declaration of nonexistence of the strike, when making its statements on the grounds of nonexistence, shall submit at the hearing on the classification of the strike the list with the names of the workers who, in its opinion, are entitled to participate in the vote count. The hearing on the classification of the strike shall be postponed under section IV of Article 930 of this Law in order to prepare and take the vote count evidence by personal, free, direct and secret vote;
VII. If it appears from the lists of workers offered by the parties and from the elements gathered that they coincide, or if the parties agree to prepare a single list, the Court shall take it to serve as the roll. If there are differences regarding the lists, the parties shall be given the opportunity at the hearing on the classification of the strike to object to the list submitted by the opposing party, in which case an interlocutory proceeding shall be opened in which the parties shall offer and present the evidence related to their objections, which shall be processed within the following seventy-two hours. Once the evidence offered by the parties has been taken, the Judge shall prepare the roll that will serve for the vote count;
VIII. Within the following five days, the Court shall indicate the place, day and time at which the vote count of the workers is to take place, which shall be carried out within a term not exceeding ten days; this term may be extended for an equal period if, in the judgment of the Court, it is materially impossible to carry out the vote count within such term. The consultation of the workers shall be carried out by personal, free, direct and secret vote, in the presence of the judge or of the officials he or she designates;
IX. The evidence shall be taken on the day and at the time ordered, at the place or places indicated by the Court. It shall begin in the presence of the parties attending and, before the workers enter, the judge or the designated officials shall set up the screen or screens necessary for marking the ballots in secret and the transparent ballot box or boxes for depositing them, verifying that they are empty and bear no legend. Immediately thereafter, upon identification with an official document, the workers entitled to vote shall be admitted and each shall be given a ballot to cast their vote;
X. In order to ensure the secrecy of the vote, no mark or data making it possible to identify the number of the ballot delivered to the worker shall appear on the ballots or on the list; such ballot shall contain two boxes, one in favor of the strike and the other against it. Each worker shall mark his or her ballot, fold it and deposit it in the ballot box, leaving the voting place. Once the proceeding has ended, the judge or the designated officials shall proceed to the scrutiny, opening the ballot boxes in turn, removing the ballots one by one and examining them to confirm their authenticity, and showing them to the representatives of the parties and authorized observers in attendance; ballots that are unmarked, marked in more than one of the boxes, or false shall be void;
XI. Once the scrutiny has ended, the judge or the designated officials shall count the votes and announce the result aloud. Once the proceeding has ended, a record of it shall be drawn up and the representatives of the parties who wish to do so shall be invited to sign it, and
XII. If acts of pressure or intimidation occur against the workers tending to violate or impede their freedom to vote or to hinder their access to the place of the proceeding, the judge or the designated officials shall request the assistance of the public security forces and shall make the appropriate arrangements for the vote count to be carried out under the conditions established by this Law and, if the existence of a criminal offense is presumed, a criminal complaint shall be filed with the competent authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 931
Si se ofrece como prueba el recuento de los trabajadores, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Se deroga.
II. Unicamente tendrán derecho a votar los trabajadores de la empresa que concurran al recuento;
III. Serán considerados trabajadores de la empresa los que hubiesen sido despedidos del trabajo después de la fecha de presentación del escrito de emplazamiento;
IV. No se computarán los votos de los trabajadores de confianza, ni los de los trabajadores que hayan ingresado al trabajo con posterioridad a la fecha de presentación del escrito de emplazamiento de huelga; y
V. El ofrecimiento de la prueba de recuento debe hacerse en el escrito de solicitud de la inexistencia de la huelga contemplado en la fracción I del artículo 930 de esta Ley, al que se acompañará el listado con los nombres de los trabajadores que serán consultados, para que se le corra traslado con éste a la parte contraria;
VI. La contraparte de quien solicitó la inexistencia de la huelga, al momento de hacer sus manifestaciones sobre las causales de inexistencia, exhibirá en la audiencia de calificación de la huelga el listado con los nombres de los trabajadores que en su opinión tienen derecho a participar en el recuento. La audiencia de calificación de la huelga será diferida en términos de fracción IV del artículo 930 de esta Ley, a fin de preparar y desahogar la prueba de recuento mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto;
VII. En caso de que los listados de trabajadores ofrecidos por las partes y de los elementos recabados se advierta que existe coincidencia en los mismos o de que las partes convengan en elaborar uno sólo, el Tribunal lo tomará para que sirva de padrón. En caso de existir diferencias sobre los listados, se dará vista a las partes en la audiencia de calificación de la huelga para que hagan las objeciones al listado presentado por su contraria, en cuyo caso se abrirá un incidente en el que las partes deberán ofrecer y rendir las pruebas relacionadas con sus objeciones, que se sustanciará en las setenta y dos horas siguientes. Una vez desahogadas las pruebas ofrecidas por las partes, el Juez elaborará el padrón que servirá para el recuento;
VIII. Dentro de los cinco días siguientes el Tribunal señalará el lugar, día y hora en que deba efectuarse el recuento de los trabajadores, el cual deberá llevarse a cabo dentro de un plazo no mayor a diez días; este plazo podrá prorrogarse por un período igual en caso de que a juicio del Tribunal exista imposibilidad material de realizar el recuento dentro de dicho plazo. La consulta a los trabajadores se realizará mediante voto personal, libre, directo y secreto, ante la presencia del juez o la de los funcionarios que éste designe;
IX. El desahogo de la prueba se efectuará el día y hora ordenado, en el lugar o lugares señalados por el Tribunal. Se iniciará con la presencia de las partes que asistan y, previo al ingreso de los trabajadores, el juez o los funcionarios que se designen instalarán la o las mamparas necesarias para el cruce de las boletas en secreto y la urna o urnas transparentes para su depósito, verificando que se encuentran vacías y sin leyenda alguna. Acto seguido, previa identificación, con documento oficial, se procederá al ingreso de los trabajadores con derecho a voto y se dotará a cada uno con su boleta para ejercerlo;
X. A efecto de asegurar la secrecía del voto, no deberá aparecer en las boletas ni en el listado señal o dato que permita identificar el folio de la boleta que le fue entregada al trabajador; dicha boleta contendrá dos recuadros, uno a favor de la huelga y el otro en contra de la misma. Cada trabajador deberá marcar su boleta, doblarla y depositarla en la urna, retirándose del lugar de la votación. Terminada la diligencia, el juez o los funcionarios designados procederán a practicar el escrutinio, abriendo sucesivamente las urnas, extrayendo una a una las boletas de votación y examinándolas para corroborar su autenticidad y exhibiéndolas a la vista de los representantes de las partes y observadores autorizados asistentes; las boletas no cruzadas o marcadas en más de uno de los recuadros o falsas, serán nulas;
XI. Terminado el escrutinio, el juez o los funcionarios designados procederán al recuento de votos y anunciarán en voz alta el resultado. Terminada la diligencia, se levantará acta de la misma e invitará a los representantes de las partes que deseen hacerlo, a suscribirla, y
XII. En caso de que se susciten actos de presión o intimidación en contra de los trabajadores que tiendan a violentar o impedir su libertad de voto u obstaculizar su ingreso al lugar de la diligencia, el juez o los funcionarios designados solicitarán el auxilio de la fuerza pública y proveerán lo conducente para que el recuento se realice en las condiciones que establece esta Ley y, de presumirse la existencia de algún ilícito penal deberá presentarse la denuncia de hechos ante la autoridad competente.
If the Court declares the legal status of the strike nonexistent:
I. It shall set a term of twenty-four hours for the workers to return to work;
II. It shall serve notice of the foregoing through the union representatives, with a warning (apercibimiento) to the workers that, by the mere fact of not complying with the decision, the employment relationships shall be terminated, unless there is justified cause;
III. It shall declare that the employer has not incurred liability and that, if the workers do not report to work within the indicated term, the employer shall be free to hire others; and
IV. It shall order the measures it deems appropriate so that work may be resumed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 932
Si el Tribunal declara la inexistencia legal del estado de huelga:
I. Fijará a los trabajadores un término de veinticuatro horas para que regresen a su trabajo;
II. Deberá notificar lo anterior por conducto de la representación sindical, apercibiendo a los trabajadores que por el solo hecho de no acatar la resolución, quedarán terminadas las relaciones de trabajo, salvo causa justificada;
III. Declarará que el patrón no ha incurrido en responsabilidad y que de no presentarse a laborar los trabajadores dentro del término señalado, quedará en libertad para contratar otros; y
IV. Dictará las medidas que juzgue convenientes para que pueda reanudarse el trabajo.
In the procedure for classifying a strike as unlawful, the rules contained in Article 930 of this Law shall be observed.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 933
En el procedimiento de calificación de ilicitud de la huelga, se observarán las normas contenidas en el artículo 930 de esta Ley.
If the Court declares that the strike is unlawful, the employment relationships of the strikers shall be terminated.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 934
Si el Tribunal declara que la huelga es ilícita, se darán por terminadas las relaciones de trabajo de los huelguistas.
Before work is suspended, the Court, after hearing the parties, shall set the indispensable number of workers who must continue working so that the work whose suspension would seriously harm the safety and preservation of the premises, machinery and raw materials or the resumption of work continues to be performed. For this purpose, the Court may order the proceedings it deems appropriate to be carried out.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 935
Antes de la suspensión de los trabajos, el Tribunal, con audiencia de las partes, fijará el número indispensable de trabajadores que deberá continuar trabajando para que sigan ejecutándose las labores, cuya suspensión perjudique gravemente la seguridad y conservación de los locales, maquinaria y materias primas o la reanudación de los trabajos. Para este efecto, el Tribunal podrá ordenar la práctica de las diligencias que juzgue conveniente.
If the strikers refuse to provide the services mentioned in Articles 466 and 935 of this Law, the employer may use other workers. The Court, if necessary, shall request the assistance of the public security forces so that such services may be provided.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 936
Si los huelguistas se niegan a prestar los servicios mencionados en los artículos 466 y 935 de esta Ley, el patrón podrá utilizar otros trabajadores. El Tribunal, en caso necesario, solicitará el auxilio de la fuerza pública, a fin de que puedan prestarse dichos servicios.
If the dispute giving rise to the strike is submitted by the workers or by the employer to the decision of the Court, the ordinary procedure or the procedure for collective disputes of an economic nature shall be followed, as the case may be. The employer may exercise this right only if the strike lasts more than sixty days.
If the Court declares in the judgment that the grounds for the strike are attributable to the employer, it shall order the employer to satisfy the workers' demands insofar as they are admissible, and to pay the wages corresponding to the days the strike lasted. In no case shall the employer be ordered to pay the wages of workers who have declared a strike under Article 450, section VI, of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 937
Si el conflicto motivo de la huelga se somete por los trabajadores o por el patrón a la decisión del Tribunal, se seguirá el procedimiento ordinario o el procedimiento para conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica, según el caso. El patrón sólo podrá ejercer este derecho en caso de que la huelga se extienda por más de sesenta días.
Si el Tribunal declara en la sentencia que los motivos de la huelga son imputables al patrón, condenará a éste a la satisfacción de las peticiones de los trabajadores en cuanto sean procedentes, y al pago de los salarios correspondientes a los días que hubiese durado la huelga. En ningún caso será condenado el patrón al pago de los salarios de los trabajadores que hubiesen declarado una huelga en los términos del artículo 450 fracción VI de esta Ley.
If the purpose of the strike is the execution or revision of the industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley), the provisions of this Chapter shall be observed, with the following modalities:
I. The strike notice shall be filed by the allied labor unions, with a copy for each of the employers served, or by those of each company or establishment, with the Court or with the authorities mentioned in Article 920, section II, of this Law;
II. The strike notice shall indicate the day and time at which work will be suspended, which shall be thirty or more days after the date of its filing with the Court;
III. If the notice is filed with the Court, the Court, under its strictest responsibility, shall deliver the copy of the strike notice directly to the employers within the twenty-four hours following its receipt, or shall send within the same term the necessary letters rogatory, which shall be executed by the requested authority, under its strictest responsibility, within the twenty-four hours following their receipt. Once executed, the letters rogatory shall be returned within the same term of twenty-four hours, and
IV. If the notice is filed with the other authorities referred to in section I, they, under their strictest responsibility, shall deliver the copy of the strike notice directly to the employers within the twenty-four hours following its receipt. Once the strike notice has been served, they shall send the file to the Court within the same term of twenty-four hours.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 938
Si la huelga tiene por objeto la celebración o revisión del contrato ley, se observarán las disposiciones de este Capítulo, con las modalidades siguientes:
I. El escrito de emplazamiento de huelga se presentará por los sindicatos coaligados, con una copia para cada uno de los patrones emplazados, o por los de cada empresa o establecimiento, ante el Tribunal, o ante las autoridades mencionadas en el artículo 920 fracción II de esta Ley;
II. En el escrito de emplazamiento se señalará el día y la hora en que se suspenderán las labores, que deberán ser treinta o más días posteriores a la fecha de su presentación ante el Tribunal;
III. Si el escrito se presenta ante el Tribunal, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad, hará llegar a los patrones la copia del escrito de emplazamiento directamente dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a la de su recibo, o girará dentro del mismo término los exhortos necesarios, los que deberán desahogarse por la autoridad exhortada, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a su recepción. Desahogados los exhortos, deberán devolverse dentro del mismo término de veinticuatro horas, y
IV. Si el escrito se presenta ante las otras autoridades a que se refiere la fracción I, éstas, bajo su más estricta responsabilidad, harán llegar directamente a los patrones la copia del escrito de emplazamiento, dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes a la de su recibo. Una vez hecho el emplazamiento, remitirán el expediente al Tribunal dentro del mismo término de veinticuatro horas.
TITULO QUINCE / Procedimientos de Ejecución / CAPITULO I / Sección Primera / Disposiciones Generales
The provisions of this Title govern the enforcement of judgments issued by the Courts. They also apply to arbitral awards, to decisions issued in collective disputes of an economic nature, and to agreements entered into before the Conciliation Centers.
In the case of arbitral awards and agreements entered into before the conciliation centers that have not been complied with under the terms established therein, the workers and, where applicable, the employers shall go to the court to request their enforcement in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, and they shall be given the same treatment as a judgment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 939
Las disposiciones de este Título rigen la ejecución de las sentencias dictadas por los Tribunales. Son también aplicables a los laudos arbitrales, a las resoluciones dictadas en los conflictos colectivos de naturaleza económica, y a los convenios celebrados ante los Centros de Conciliación.
Cuando se trate de laudos arbitrales y convenios celebrados ante los centros de conciliación, que no hayan sido cumplidos en los términos establecidos en los mismos, los trabajadores y en su caso los patrones, acudirán al tribunal para solicitar su ejecución conforme a las disposiciones de este capítulo, dándoles el mismo tratamiento que una sentencia.
The enforcement of the judgments and agreements referred to in Article 939 of this Law is the responsibility of the Courts, which to that end shall order the measures necessary for enforcement to be prompt and expeditious.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 940
La ejecución de las sentencias y convenios a que se refiere el artículo 939 de esta Ley corresponde a los Tribunales, a cuyo fin dictarán las medidas necesarias para que la ejecución sea pronta y expedita.
When the judgment must be enforced by another Court, a letter rogatory shall be addressed to it with the necessary inserts, empowering it to use enforcement measures and order the appropriate measures in the event of opposition to the enforcement proceeding.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 941
Cuando la sentencia deba ser ejecutada por otro Tribunal se le dirigirá exhorto con las inserciones necesarias, facultándolo para hacer uso de los medios de apremio y dictar las medidas conducentes en caso de oposición a la diligencia de ejecución.
The requested Court may not hear the defenses raised by the parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 942
El Tribunal exhortado no podrá conocer de las excepciones que opongan las partes.
If, when executing a letter rogatory, a third party who has not been heard by the requesting Court objects, execution of the letter rogatory shall be suspended upon the posting of a bond by such third party to guarantee the amount for which enforcement was ordered and the damages and lost profits that may be caused. Once the bond has been posted, the letter rogatory shall be returned to the requesting Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 943
Si al cumplimentar un exhorto, se opone algún tercero que no hubiese sido oído por el Tribunal exhortante, se suspenderá la cumplimentación del exhorto, previa fianza que otorgue para garantizar el monto de la cantidad por la que se despachó ejecución y de los daños y perjuicios que puedan causarse. Otorgada la fianza, se devolverá el exhorto al Tribunal exhortante.
The expenses arising from the enforcement of judgments shall be borne by the party that does not comply.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 944
Los gastos que se originen en la ejecución de las sentencias, serán a cargo de la parte que no cumpla.
Judgments must be complied with within the fifteen days following the day on which service of notice takes effect. Once the term has expired, the party that obtained a favorable judgment may request its enforcement under Article 950 of this Law.
If the judge observes that there is a risk that the judgment will not be enforced, or if the employer carries out acts tending toward noncompliance with it, the judge shall take the measures necessary to achieve effective compliance with the judgment. To that end, the judge may order the attachment of bank accounts and/or real property, and shall send the respective official communications to the competent institutions. The judge shall also notify the social security institutions so that the decisions are complied with as regards the payment of the contributions contained in the judgment.
The action to request enforcement of the final judgments of the Court is subject to a statute of limitations of two years under Article 519 of this Law. The statute of limitations shall run from the day following that on which the judgment of the Court was served on the parties and is interrupted only in the following cases:
a) By the filing of the duly completed request for enforcement, by which the party that obtained a favorable judgment requests the judge to issue the corresponding order for demand of payment and attachment, or to open the interlocutory liquidation proceeding, and
b) When either party files the corresponding means of challenge.
Independently of the foregoing, the parties may agree on the modalities of compliance.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 945
Las sentencias deben cumplirse dentro de los quince días siguientes al día en que surta efectos la notificación. Vencido el plazo, la parte que obtuvo sentencia favorable podrá solicitar la ejecución de ésta en términos de lo dispuesto en el artículo 950 de esta Ley.
Si el juez advierte que existe riesgo de no ejecutar la sentencia, o si el patrón realiza actos tendientes al incumplimiento de la misma, el juez tomará las medidas necesarias a efecto de lograr el cumplimiento eficaz de la sentencia. Para ello podrá decretar el embargo de cuentas bancarias y/o bienes inmuebles, debiendo girar los oficios respectivos a las instituciones competentes. Asimismo, deberá dar vista a las instituciones de seguridad social a efecto de que se cumplimenten las resoluciones en lo que respecta al pago de las cotizaciones y aportaciones que se contengan en la sentencia.
La acción para solicitar la ejecución de las sentencias definitivas del Tribunal prescribe en dos años en términos del artículo 519 de esta Ley. La prescripción correrá a partir del día siguiente al que hubiese notificado la sentencia del Tribunal a las partes y solo se interrumpe en los siguientes casos:
a) Por la presentación de la solicitud de ejecución debidamente requisitada, mediante la cual la parte que obtuvo sentencia favorable, solicite al juez dicte el auto de requerimiento y embargo correspondiente, o bien que abra el Incidente de Liquidación, y
b) Cuando alguna de las partes interponga el medio de impugnación correspondiente.
Independientemente de lo anterior, las partes pueden convenir en las modalidades de su cumplimiento.
Enforcement shall be ordered for the fulfillment of a right or the payment of a liquidated amount expressly indicated in the judgment or agreement to be enforced, the latter being understood as the amount quantified therein.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 946
La ejecución deberá despacharse para el cumplimiento de un derecho o el pago de cantidad líquida, expresamente señalados en la sentencia o convenio a ejecutar, entendiéndose por ésta, la cuantificada en éstas.
If the employer refuses to submit its differences to proceedings or to accept the judgment rendered, the Court:
I. Shall terminate the employment relationship;
II. Shall order the employer to indemnify the worker with the amount of three months' wages;
III. Shall proceed to determine the liability of the employer arising from the dispute, in accordance with Article 50, sections I and II; and
IV. In addition, shall order the payment of back wages and interest, where applicable, in accordance with Article 48, as well as the payment of the seniority premium under Article 162.
The provisions contained in this article do not apply in the cases of the actions set forth in Article 123, section XXII, Part “A” of the Constitution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 947
Si el patrón se negare a someter sus diferencias al juicio o a aceptar la sentencia pronunciada, el Tribunal:
I. Dará por terminada la relación de trabajo;
II. Condenará a indemnizar al trabajador con el importe de tres meses de salario;
III. Procederá a fijar la responsabilidad que resulte al patrón del conflicto, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 50, fracciones I y II; y
IV. Además, condenará al pago de los salarios vencidos e intereses, en su caso, conforme a lo establecido en el artículo 48, así como al pago de la prima de antigüedad, en los términos del artículo 162.
Las disposiciones contenidas en este artículo no son aplicables en los casos de las acciones consignadas en el artículo 123, fracción XXII, apartado “A” de la Constitución.
If the refusal to accept the judgment rendered by the Court is by the workers, the employment relationship shall be terminated in accordance with Article 519, section III, last paragraph, of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 948
Si la negativa a aceptar la sentencia pronunciado por el Tribunal fuere de los trabajadores se dará por terminada la relación de trabajo, de conformidad con lo dispuesto por el artículo 519 fracción III, último párrafo de esta Ley.
Whenever, in enforcement of a judgment or agreement, a sum of money or the fulfillment of a right must be delivered to the worker, the Court shall ensure that it is delivered to the worker personally. If the party ordered to pay resides outside the place of residence of the Court, a letter rogatory shall be sent to the Court or the jurisdictional Body nearest to its domicile so that enforcement of the judgment or agreement may be carried out.
The processing of the letter rogatory for enforcement of a favorable judgment may be carried out through an attorney-in-fact, who may not receive any amount of the award.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 949
Siempre que en ejecución de una sentencia o convenio deba entregarse una suma de dinero o el cumplimiento de un derecho al trabajador, el Tribunal cuidará que se le otorgue personalmente. En caso de que la parte que haya sido condenada radique fuera del lugar de residencia del Tribunal, se girará exhorto al Tribunal o al Órgano jurisdiccional más próximo a su domicilio para que se cumplimente la ejecución de la sentencia o convenio.
El trámite del exhorto de ejecución de una sentencia favorable, puede ser realizado por conducto de apoderado, sin que éste pueda recibir cantidad alguna de la condena.
Sección Segunda / Del procedimiento del embargo
Once the term indicated in Article 945 has elapsed, the judge, at the request of the prevailing party, shall issue an order for demand of payment and attachment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 950
Transcurrido el término señalado en el artículo 945, el juez, a petición de la parte que obtuvo, dictará auto de requerimiento y embargo.
In the proceeding for demand of payment and attachment, the following rules shall be observed:
I. It shall be carried out at the place where the services are or were provided, at the new domicile of the debtor, or at the dwelling, office, establishment or place indicated by the process server (actuario) in the record of service of notice in accordance with Article 740 of this Law;
II. If the debtor is not found, the proceeding shall be carried out with any person who is present;
III. The process server shall demand payment from the person with whom the proceeding is conducted and, if payment is not made, shall proceed to the attachment;
IV. The process server may, if necessary and without prior authorization, request the assistance of the public security forces and break the locks of the premises where the proceeding is to be carried out;
V. If no one is present, the process server shall carry out the attachment and shall post an authorized copy of the proceeding on the entrance door of the premises where it was carried out; and
VI. The process server, under his or her responsibility, shall attach only the property necessary to secure the amount of the award, its interest and the enforcement expenses.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 951
En la diligencia de requerimiento de pago y embargo se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Se practicará en el lugar donde se presta o prestaron los servicios, en el nuevo domicilio del deudor o en la habitación, oficina, establecimiento o lugar señalado por el actuario en el acta de notificación de conformidad con el artículo 740 de esta Ley;
II. Si no se encuentra el deudor, la diligencia se practicará con cualquier persona que esté presente;
III. El Actuario requerirá de pago a la persona con quien entienda la diligencia y si no se efectúa el mismo procederá al embargo;
IV. El Actuario podrá, en caso necesario, sin autorización previa, solicitar el auxilio de la fuerza pública y romper las cerraduras del local en que se deba practicar la diligencia;
V. Si ninguna persona está presente, el actuario practicará el embargo y fijará copia autorizada de la diligencia en la puerta de entrada del local en que se hubiere practicado; y
VI. El Actuario, bajo su responsabilidad, embargará únicamente los bienes necesarios para garantizar el monto de la condena, de sus intereses y de los gastos de ejecución.
The only property exempt from attachment is:
I. Property constituting the family estate;
II. Property belonging to the dwelling, provided it is of indispensable use;
III. The machinery, instruments, tools and animals of a company or establishment, insofar as they are necessary for carrying out its activities.
The company or establishment may be attached in accordance with Article 966 of this Law;
IV. Crops before they are harvested, but not the rights over the sown fields;
V. The weapons and horses of military personnel on active duty that are indispensable for such duty, in accordance with the laws;
VI. The right of usufruct, but not its fruits;
VII. The rights of use and habitation; and
VIII. Easements, unless the estate in whose favor they are established is attached.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 952
Quedan únicamente exceptuados de embargo:
I. Los bienes que constituyen el patrimonio de familia;
II. Los que pertenezcan a la casa habitación, siempre que sean de uso indispensable;
III. La maquinaria, los instrumentos, útiles y animales de una empresa o establecimiento, en cuanto sean necesarios para el desarrollo de sus actividades.
Podrá embargarse la empresa o establecimiento, de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 966 de esta Ley;
IV. Las mieses antes de ser cosechadas, pero no los derechos sobre las siembras;
V. Las armas y caballos de los militares en servicio activo, indispensables para éste, de conformidad con las leyes;
VI. El derecho de usufructo, pero no los frutos de éste;
VII. Los derechos de uso y de habitación; y
VIII. Las servidumbres, a no ser que se embargue el fundo, a cuyo favor estén constituidas.
Attachment proceedings may not be suspended. The process server (actuario) shall resolve any issues that arise.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 953
Las diligencias de embargo no pueden suspenderse. El actuario resolverá las cuestiones que se susciten.
The process server (actuario), taking into consideration what the parties state, shall determine the property to be attached, giving preference to the property that is easiest to realize.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 954
El Actuario, tomando en consideración lo que expongan las partes, determinará los bienes que deban ser objeto del embargo, prefiriendo los que sean de más fácil realización.
When the attachment is to fall on property located outside the place where the proceeding is carried out, the party that obtained a favorable judgment shall indicate to the process server (actuario) the premises where the property is located and, after identification of the property, the process server shall carry out the attachment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 955
Cuando el embargo deba recaer en bienes que se encuentren fuera del lugar donde se practique la diligencia, la parte que obtuvo sentencia favorable, deberá manifestar al Actuario el local en que se encuentran y previa identificación de los bienes, practicará el embargo.
If the attached property is money or claims realizable immediately, the process server (actuario) shall levy the attachment and place them at the disposal of the Court, which shall immediately decide on payment to the plaintiff.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 956
Si los bienes embargados fuesen dinero o créditos realizables en el acto, el Actuario trabará embargo y los pondrá a disposición del Tribunal, quien deberá resolver de inmediato sobre el pago del actor.
If the attached property is movable, it shall be placed in the custody of the person designated, under its responsibility, by the party that obtained a favorable judgment. The depositary shall show official identification so that a copy of it may be added to the case file, provide the general personal data required of witnesses, provide an address for safekeeping and custody where the attached property will remain within the jurisdiction of the Court, swear to faithfully perform the position and state that he or she is aware of the penalties incurred by unfaithful depositaries. The prevailing party may request a change of depositary.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 957
Si los bienes embargados son muebles, se pondrán en depósito de la persona, que bajo su responsabilidad designe la parte que obtuvo sentencia favorable. El depositario deberá exhibir identificación oficial para que se agregue copia de la misma a los autos, otorgar las generales exigidas a los testigos, proporcionar domicilio de guarda y custodia en que quedarán los bienes embargados dentro de la jurisdicción del Tribunal, protestar el fiel desempeño de su cargo y manifestarse sabedor de las penas en que incurren los depositarios infieles. La parte que obtuvo podrá solicitar el cambio de depositario.
If the attached property consists of bank accounts, securities, claims, fruits or proceeds, the Bank, securities institution, debtor or tenant shall be notified to place the amount of the payment at the disposal of the Court, with a warning (apercibimiento) of double payment in the event of disobedience.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 958
Si los bienes embargados son cuentas bancarias, valores, créditos, frutos o productos, se notificará al Banco, institución de valores, deudor o inquilino, que el importe del pago lo ponga a disposición del Tribunal, apercibido de doble pago en caso de desobediencia.
The process server (actuario) shall require the defendant to show the respective documents and contracts, so that the conditions stipulated therein are recorded and attested in the record.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 959
El Actuario requerirá al demandando a fin de que le exhiba los documentos y contratos respectivos, para que en el acta conste y dé fe de las condiciones estipuladas en los mismos.
If a negotiable instrument is secured, a depositary shall be designated to keep it in safekeeping, who shall be obligated to do everything necessary so that the right represented by the Instrument is not altered or impaired and to bring all the actions and remedies granted by the Law to enforce the claim, and shall also be subject to the obligations imposed by the Laws on depositaries.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 960
Si llega a asegurarse un título de crédito, se designará un depositario que lo conserve en guarda, quien estará obligado a hacer todo lo necesario para que no se altere ni menoscabe el derecho que el Título represente y a intentar todas las acciones y los recursos que la Ley concede para hacer efectivo el crédito, quedando sujeto, además, a las obligaciones que impongan las Leyes a los depositarios.
If the claim is in litigation, the attachment and the name of the depositary shall be notified to the authority hearing the respective proceeding, so that the depositary may perform the obligations imposed by the final part of the preceding article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 961
Si el crédito fuese litigioso, se notificará el embargo a la autoridad que conozca del juicio respectivo, y el nombre del depositario, a fin de que éste pueda desempeñar las obligaciones que le impone la parte final del artículo anterior.
If the attached property is real property, the Court, under its responsibility, shall order, within the following 24 hours, its registration in the Public Property Registry.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 962
Si los bienes embargados fueren inmuebles, el Tribunal, bajo su responsabilidad, ordenará, dentro de las 24 horas siguientes, la inscripción en el Registro Público de la Propiedad.
If the attachment falls on urban property and its proceeds, or on the proceeds only, the depositary shall act as administrator with the following powers and obligations:
I. The depositary may enter into lease agreements under the following conditions: for a term at the will of both parties; the amount of the rent may not be lower than that set in the last lease; the depositary shall require from the lessee the necessary guarantees of performance; and shall in all cases obtain the authorization of the Court;
II. To collect the rents timely in accordance with their terms and periods, proceeding against defaulting tenants in accordance with the Law;
III. To make, without prior authorization, the payments of the taxes and duties levied on the real property, and to cover the ordinary expenses of maintenance and cleaning;
IV. To file with the corresponding office the statements and returns required by the Law on the matter;
V. To submit to the Court for authorization the budgets for making repair or construction expenditures;
VI. To pay, with the prior authorization of the Court, the encumbrances on the property, and
VII. To render monthly accounts of his or her management and deliver the remainder in a deposit certificate, which shall be placed at the disposal of the Court.
A depositary who fails to comply with the obligations indicated in this article shall be subject to the sanctions provided for in the respective laws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 963
Si el embargo recae en finca urbana y sus productos o sobre éstos solamente, el depositario tendrá el carácter de administrador con las facultades y obligaciones siguientes:
I. Podrá celebrar contratos de arrendamiento, conforme a estas condiciones: por tiempo voluntario para ambas partes; el importe de la renta no podrá ser menor al fijado en el último contrato; exigir al arrendatario las garantías necesarias de su cumplimiento; y recabar en todos los casos, la autorización del Tribunal;
II. Cobrar oportunamente las rentas en sus términos y plazos, procediendo contra los inquilinos morosos con arreglo a la Ley;
III. Hacer sin previa autorización los pagos de los impuestos y derechos que cause el inmueble; y cubrir los gastos ordinarios de conservación y aseo;
IV. Presentar a la oficina correspondiente, las manifestaciones y declaraciones que la Ley de la materia previene;
V. Presentar para su autorización al Tribunal, los presupuestos para hacer los gastos de reparación o de construcción;
VI. Pagar, previa autorización del Tribunal, los gravámenes que reporta la finca, y
VII. Rendir cuentas mensuales de su gestión y entregar el remanente en un billete de depósito, que pondrá a disposición del Tribunal.
El depositario que falte al cumplimiento de las obligaciones señaladas en este artículo, será acreedor a las sanciones previstas en las leyes respectivas.
If the attachment falls on a company or establishment, the following rules shall be observed:
I. The depositary shall be a receiver in charge of the cash (interventor con cargo a la caja) and shall be obligated to:
a) Oversee the accounting records:
b) Administer the management of the business or company and the operations carried out in it, so that they produce the best possible return; and the other acts inherent in the position.
II. If the depositary considers that the administration is not being carried out properly or that it may harm the rights of the attaching party, he or she shall inform the judge so that the judge, after hearing the parties and the receiver at a hearing, may decide what he or she deems appropriate, and
III. Whenever the depositary is a third party, he or she shall post a bond before the Court for the amount determined and shall render an account of his or her management in the terms and manner indicated by the Court;
IV. Once the receiver in charge of the cash has been designated, the Court, within the following three days, shall communicate the designation to the National Banking and Securities Commission (CNBV), the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT) or equivalent bodies, the corresponding Retirement Fund Administrator (AFORE), the Tax Administration System, as well as to the debtors and creditors whose addresses are provided by the attached employer, and
V. The attached party, within the following three days, shall submit to the Court the documentation and information necessary that must be made known to the receiver in charge of the cash.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 964
Si el embargo recae en una empresa o establecimiento, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. El depositario será interventor con cargo a la caja, estando obligado a:
a) Vigilar la contabilidad:
b) Administrar el manejo de la negociación o empresa y las operaciones que en ella se practiquen, a fin de que produzcan el mejor rendimiento posible; y los demás actos inherentes a su cargo.
II. Si el depositario considera que la administración no se hace convenientemente o que pueda perjudicar los derechos del embargante, lo pondrá en conocimiento del juez, para que éste, oyendo a las partes y al interventor en una audiencia, resuelva lo que estime conveniente, y
III. Siempre que el depositario sea un tercero, otorgará fianza ante el Tribunal, por la suma que se determine y rendirá cuenta de su gestión en los términos y forma que señale el mismo;
IV. Una vez designado el interventor con cargo a la caja, el Tribunal dentro de los tres días siguientes, comunicará la designación a la Comisión Nacional Bancaría y de Valores, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, u homólogos, a la Administradora de Fondos para el Retiro correspondiente, al Sistema de Administración Tributaria, así como a los deudores y acreedores cuyo domicilio proporcione el patrón embargado, y
V. El embargado dentro de los tres días siguientes, exhibirá al Tribunal la documentación e información necesaria que deba ser del conocimiento del interventor con cargo a la caja.
The plaintiff may request an extension of the attachment:
I. When the attached property is insufficient to cover the amounts for which enforcement was ordered, after the appraisal of such property has been rendered; and
II. When a third-party claim is filed and an order admitting it has been issued.
The Court may order the extension if, in its judgment, the circumstances referred to in the preceding sections are present, without informing the defendant.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 965
El actor puede pedir la ampliación del embargo:
I. Cuando no basten los bienes embargados para cubrir las cantidades por las que se despachó ejecución, después de rendido el avalúo de los mismos; y
II. Cuando se promueva una tercería y se haya dictado auto admisorio.
El Tribunal podrá decretar la ampliación si, a su juicio, concurren las circunstancias a que se refieren las fracciones anteriores, sin ponerlo en conocimiento del demandado.
When several attachments are levied on the same property, the following rules shall be observed:
I. If they are levied in enforcement of labor claims, payment shall be made in the successive order of the attachments, except in the case of preference of rights;
II. An attachment levied in enforcement of a labor claim, even if later, has preference over those levied by authorities other than the Court, provided that such attachment is levied before the auction is awarded.
When the Court becomes aware of the existence of an attachment, it shall inform the authority that levied it that the attached property is subject to the preferential payment of the labor claim and shall continue the enforcement procedures until payment is made. The net balance remaining after payment is made shall be placed at the disposal of the authority that levied the attachment.
Questions of preference that arise shall be processed and decided by the Court hearing the matter, to the exclusion of any other authority, and
III. A party that has levied a subsequent attachment may continue the enforcement of the Judgment or agreement, but once the property has been auctioned, the first attaching party shall be paid the amount of its claim, except in the case of preference of rights.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 966
Cuando se practiquen varios embargos sobre los mismos bienes, se observarán las normas siguientes:
I. Si se practican en ejecución de créditos de trabajo, se pagará en el orden sucesivo de los embargos, salvo el caso de preferencia de derechos;
II. El embargo practicado en ejecución de un crédito de trabajo, aun cuando sea posterior, es preferente sobre los practicados por autoridades distintas al Tribunal siempre que dicho embargo se practique antes que quede fincado el remate.
Cuando el Tribunal tenga conocimiento de la existencia de un embargo, hará saber a la autoridad que lo practicó, que los bienes embargados quedan afectos al pago preferente del crédito de trabajo y continuará los procedimientos de ejecución hasta efectuar el pago. El saldo líquido que resulte después de hacer el pago, se pondrá a disposición de la autoridad que hubiese practicado el embargo.
Las cuestiones de preferencia que se susciten, se tramitarán y resolverán por el Tribunal que conozca del negocio, con exclusión de cualquiera otra autoridad, y
III. El que haya reembargado puede continuar la ejecución de la Sentencia o convenio, pero rematados los bienes, se pagará al primer embargante el importe de su crédito, salvo el caso de preferencia de derechos.
The Court may, at the request of a party, request information from the corresponding authorities on the existence of data and assets of the party against which the award will be made, for the purpose of complying with the judgment promptly and expeditiously. Such request shall be admissible only when the impossibility of enforcing the judgment has been proven.
In the case of the investigation of bank accounts and the attachment and enforcement procedure, the Court shall use the Authority Information Request Handling System or the instrument implemented for such purposes by the National Banking and Securities Commission (CNBV), for which the Courts shall enter into an agreement with such Commission. The foregoing is independent of notifying the tax authorities, as well as the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT) or equivalent institutions, in order to achieve full compliance with labor judgments.
It shall designate an appraisal expert for the attached property; in the case of real property, it shall order the registration of the attachment with the corresponding Public Property Registry.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 966 Bis
El Tribunal podrá, a petición de parte, solicitar información ante las autoridades correspondientes sobre la existencia de datos y bienes de la parte que resultará condenada, con la finalidad de cumplimentar la sentencia de manera pronta y expedita. Dicha solicitud procederá únicamente cuando se hubiere acreditado la imposibilidad de llevar a cabo la ejecución de la sentencia.
Tratándose de la investigación de cuentas bancarias y el procedimiento de embargo y ejecución, el Tribunal hará uso del Sistema de Atención a Requerimientos de Información de Autoridad o bien el instrumento que para tales efectos implemente la Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores, para lo cual los Tribunales celebrarán convenio con dicha Comisión. Lo anterior, independientemente de dar vista a las autoridades hacendarias, así como al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores o instituciones homólogas, con el fin de llevar a cabo el cabal cumplimiento de las sentencias laborales.
Deberá designar perito valuador de los bienes embargados; cuando se trate de bienes inmuebles ordenar la inscripción del embargo ante el Registro Público de la Propiedad que corresponda.
The Court shall notify the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) of the judgment against the losing party, so that such agency, acting in accordance with its powers, may compel the party ordered to pay to comply with its social security obligations.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 966 Ter
El Tribunal deberá dar vista al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social con la sentencia condenatoria, a fin de que dicho organismo actúe conforme a sus atribuciones haga cumplir a la parte condenada respecto de sus obligaciones en materia de seguridad social.
Sección Tercera / Remates
Once the attachment proceedings have concluded, the property shall be auctioned in accordance with the rules contained in this Chapter.
Before the auction is approved or the award of the property is declared, the party subject to enforcement may release the attached property by paying immediately and in cash the amount of the sums set in the judgment and the enforcement expenses. Once the auction has been awarded, the sale shall be irrevocable.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 967
Concluidas las diligencias de embargo, se procederá al remate de los bienes, de conformidad con las normas contenidas en este Capítulo.
Antes de aprobarse el remate o declararse la adjudicación, podrá la parte ejecutada liberar los bienes embargados, pagando de inmediato y en efectivo el importe de las cantidades fijadas en la sentencia y los gastos de ejecución. Después de fincarse el remate, la venta quedará irrevocable.
In attachments, the following rules shall be observed:
A. If the attached property is movable:
l. It shall be appraised by the person designated by the judge; in cases in which the judge realizes that the appraisal of the property is notoriously lower or higher than its value, the judge may order another appraisal, stating the reasons why he or she considers that the appraisal does not correspond to the real value of the property;
II. The amount of the appraisal shall serve as the basis for the auction; and
III. The auction shall be announced in the labor bulletin or on the notice board of the Court, as the case may be, and at the municipal hall or at the government office designated by the Court, which may use some other means of publicity.
B. If the attached property is real property:
l. The appraisal of a legally authorized appraisal expert, who shall be designated by the judge, shall be taken as the appraisal and, where applicable, section I of Part A of this article shall be followed;
II. The attaching party shall submit a certificate of encumbrances issued by the Public Property Registry covering the 10 years preceding the date on which the auction was ordered. If another certificate is already in the case file, only the certificate relating to the period or periods not covered by it shall be requested from the Registry; and
III. The order directing the auction shall be published once, ten days before the date of the auction, in the bulletin and on the notice board of the Court, and the Court may optionally use some other means of publicity, as the case may be, and it shall be posted once at the Treasury of each state (federal entity) and in the newspaper of widest circulation in the place where the property is located, calling for bidders.
The creditors appearing in the certificate of encumbrances, as well as the possessor of the real property, shall be summoned personally ten days in advance so that they may assert their rights.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 968
En los embargos se observarán las normas siguientes:
A. Si los bienes embargados son muebles:
l. Se efectuará su avalúo por la persona que designe el juez; en los casos en que éste se percate de que el avalúo de los bienes es notoriamente inferior o superior a su valor, podrá ordenar la práctica de otro, razonando los motivos por los cuales considera que el avalúo no corresponde al valor real del bien;
II. Servirá de base para el remate el monto del avalúo; y
III. El remate se anunciará en el boletín laboral o en los estrados del Tribunal, en su caso y en el palacio municipal o en la oficina de gobierno que designe el Tribunal, el cual podrá utilizar algún otro medio de publicidad.
B. Si los bienes embargados son inmuebles:
l. Se tomará como avalúo el de un perito valuador legalmente autorizado, que será designado por el juez y en su caso, se procederá conforme a lo dispuesto por la fracción I del apartado A de este artículo;
II. El embargante exhibirá certificado de gravámenes expedido por el Registro Público de la Propiedad, de 10 años anteriores a la fecha en que ordenó el remate. Si en autos obrare ya otro certificado, se pedirá al Registro sólo el relativo al periodo o periodos que aquél no abarque; y
III. El proveído que ordene el remate se publicará, por una sola vez, con una anticipación de diez días a la fecha del remate, en el boletín y en los estrados del Tribunal, además de manera potestativa utilizará algún otro medio de publicidad, en su caso y se fijará, por una sola vez, en la Tesorería de cada entidad federativa y en el periódico de mayor circulación del lugar en que se encuentren ubicados los bienes, convocando postores.
Se citará personalmente con una anticipación de diez días a los acreedores que aparezcan en el certificado de gravámenes, así como al poseedor del bien inmueble, a efecto de que hagan valer sus derechos.
If the attached property is a company or establishment, the following procedure shall be observed:
l. An appraisal shall be made by an expert, which the court shall request from the National Savings and Financial Services Bank (BANSEFI) or equivalent, or some other official institution;
II. The amount of the appraisal shall serve as the basis for the auction;
III. Section III of Part A of the preceding article, concerning movable property, applies; and
IV. If the company or establishment includes real property, the certificate of encumbrances referred to in section II of Part B of the preceding article shall be obtained.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 969
Si los bienes embargados son una empresa o establecimiento se observará el procedimiento siguiente:
l. Se efectuará un avalúo por perito que se solicitará por el tribunal al Banco del Ahorro Nacional y Servicios Financieros (BANSEFI) u homólogo, o alguna otra institución oficial;
II. Servirá de base para el remate el monto de avalúo;
III. Es aplicable lo dispuesto en la fracción III del apartado A del artículo anterior, referente a muebles; y
IV. Si la empresa o establecimiento se integra con bienes inmuebles, se recabará el certificado de gravámenes a que se refiere la fracción II del apartado B del artículo anterior.
A legal bid is one that covers two thirds of the appraisal. The person appearing as bidder shall submit his or her bid in writing and present a deposit certificate of the National Savings and Financial Services Bank (BANSEFI), or equivalent, for ten percent of his or her bid.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 970
Postura legal es la que cubre las dos terceras partes del avalúo. La persona que concurra como postor deberá presentar por escrito su postura y exhibir en un billete de depósito de Banco del Ahorro Nacional y Servicios Financieros (BANSEFI), u homólogo por el importe de diez por ciento de su puja.
The auction shall be carried out in accordance with the following rules:
l. On the day and at the time indicated, it shall be held at the premises of the corresponding Court;
II. It shall be conducted by the judge, who shall declare it open;
III. The judge shall grant a waiting period, which may not exceed half an hour, to receive bids; once it has elapsed, no new bidders shall be admitted unless it is the plaintiff or the attached party itself;
IV. The judge shall qualify the bids and shall allow fifteen minutes between each bid;
V. The plaintiff may attend the auction as a bidder, submitting his or her bid in writing, without the need to meet the requirement referred to in Article 974 of this Law; and
VI. The judge shall declare the auction awarded to the highest bidder.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 971
El remate se efectuará de conformidad con las normas siguientes:
l. El día y hora señalados se llevará a cabo en el local del Tribunal correspondiente;
II. Será llevado a cabo por el juez, quien lo declarará abierto;
III. El juez concederá un término de espera, que no podrá ser mayor de media hora, para recibir posturas; transcurrido éste no se admitirán nuevos postores salvo que sea el actor o el propio embargado;
IV. El juez calificará las posturas, y concederá quince minutos entre puja y puja;
V. El actor podrá concurrir a la almoneda como postor, presentando por escrito su postura, sin necesidad de cumplir el requisito a que se refiere el artículo 974 de esta Ley; y
VI. El juez declarará fincado el remate a favor del mejor postor.
The auction proceeding may not be suspended. The Court shall immediately resolve the issues raised by the interested parties.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 972
La diligencia de remate no puede suspenderse. El Tribunal resolverá de inmediato las cuestiones que planteen las partes interesadas.
If no bidders appear, the plaintiff may request that the property be awarded to him or her at the price of his or her bid, or request that new auctions be held with a reduction of twenty percent in each of them. Subsequent auctions shall be held within the thirty days following the date of the previous one.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 973
Si no se presentan postores, podrá el actor pedir se le adjudiquen los bienes por el precio de su postura, o solicitar la celebración de nuevas almonedas con deducción de un veinte por ciento en cada una de ellas. Las almonedas subsecuentes se celebrarán dentro de los treinta días siguientes a la fecha de la anterior.
The successful bidder shall pay within the following three days the total amount of his or her bid, with a warning (apercibimiento) that, if he or she fails to do so, the amount deposited shall remain in favor of the plaintiff, and the Court shall set a new date for holding the auction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 974
El adjudicatario exhibirá dentro de los tres días siguientes, el importe total de su postura, apercibido de que de no hacerlo, la cantidad exhibida quedará en favor del actor; y el Tribunal señalará nueva fecha para la celebración de la almoneda.
Once the total amount of the award price has been paid, the Court shall declare the auction awarded and the following shall be observed:
I. It shall immediately pay the plaintiff and the other creditors in their order, and if there is a remainder, it shall be delivered to the defendant;
II. In the case of real property, the following shall be observed;
a) The former owner shall deliver to the Court all the documentation related to the real property that was auctioned.
b) If the worker is awarded the property, it shall be free of all encumbrances, taxes and tax duties.
c) The deed shall be signed by the former owner within the five days following the notice served on him or her by the respective notary public. If the former owner does not do so, the Court shall sign it in his or her default, and
III. Once the deed has been signed, the acquirer shall be placed in possession of the real property.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 975
Exhibido el importe total del precio de la adjudicación, el Tribunal declarará fincado el remate y se observará lo siguiente:
I. Cubrirá de inmediato al actor y a los demás acreedores por su orden; y si hay remanente, se entregará al demandado;
II. Si se trata de bienes inmuebles, se observará;
a) El anterior propietario entregará al Tribunal, toda la documentación relacionada con el inmueble que se remató.
b) Si se lo adjudica el trabajador, deberá ser libre de todo gravamen, impuestos y derechos fiscales.
c) La escritura deberá firmarla el anterior propietario, dentro de los cinco días siguientes a la notificación que le haga el notario público respectivo. Si no lo hace, el Tribunal lo hará en su rebeldía, y
III. Firmada la escritura, se pondrá al adquirente en posesión del inmueble.
CAPITULO II / Procedimiento de las tercerías y preferencias de crédito / Sección Primera / De las tercerías
Third-party claims may be claims of ownership or claims of preference. The purpose of the former is to obtain the lifting of an attachment levied on property owned by third parties; the purpose of the latter is to obtain preferential payment of a claim from the proceeds of the attached property.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 976
Las tercerías pueden ser excluyentes de dominio o de preferencia. Las primeras tienen por objeto conseguir el levantamiento del embargo practicado en bienes de propiedad de terceros; las segundas obtener que se pague preferentemente un crédito con el producto de los bienes embargados.
Third-party claims shall be processed and decided by the Court hearing the main proceeding, being handled as interlocutory proceedings, in accordance with the following rules:
I. The third-party claim shall be filed in writing, accompanied by the title on which it is based and the relevant evidence; if the foregoing requirements are not met, it shall be dismissed outright;
II. The Court shall order the third-party claim to be processed in a separate file and shall summon the parties to a hearing within the following ten days, at which it shall hear them and, after the evidence has been taken, shall issue a decision;
III. With respect to the offering, admission and taking of evidence, the provisions of Chapters XII, XVII and XVIII of Title Fourteen of this Law shall be observed;
IV. Third-party claims do not suspend the processing of the procedure. A third-party claim of ownership suspends only the act of auction; a claim of preference suspends payment of the claim; and
V. If the third-party claim is declared admissible, the Court shall order the lifting of the attachment and, where applicable, shall order payment of the claim declared preferential.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 977
Las tercerías se tramitarán y resolverán por el Tribunal que conozca del juicio principal, sustanciándose en forma incidental, conforme a las normas siguientes:
I. La tercería se interpondrá por escrito, acompañando el título en que se funde y las pruebas pertinentes; si no se cumplen los requisitos anteriores, se desechará de plano;
II. El Tribunal ordenará se tramite la tercería por cuerda separada y citará a las partes a una audiencia, dentro de los diez días siguientes, en la que las oirá y después de desahogadas las pruebas, dictará resolución;
III. En cuanto al ofrecimiento, admisión y desahogo de las pruebas, se observará lo dispuesto en los Capítulos XII, XVII y XVIII del Título Catorce de esta Ley;
IV. Las tercerías no suspenden la tramitación del procedimiento. La tercería excluyente de dominio suspende únicamente el acto de remate; la de preferencia el pago del crédito; y
V. Si se declara procedente la tercería, el Tribunal ordenará el levantamiento del embargo y, en su caso, ordenará se pague el crédito declarado preferente.
The third-party claimant may file the complaint with the requested authority that levied the attachment, and shall designate an address in the place of residence of the requesting Court within the term of five days from the date on which the attachment was levied or on which the claimant became aware of it, and shall indicate an address within the jurisdiction of the requesting Court; if the claimant does not make the designation, all notices shall be served on him or her by bulletin or by posting on the notice board.
The requested authority, upon returning the letter rogatory, shall send the third-party complaint within the term of three days from the date on which the attachment was levied.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 978
El tercerista podrá presentar la demanda ante la autoridad exhortada que practicó el embargo, debiendo designar domicilio en el lugar de residencia del Tribunal exhortante dentro del término de cinco días a la fecha en que se practicó, o tuvo conocimiento del mismo, debiendo señalar domicilio dentro de la jurisdicción del exhortante, si no hace la designación, todas las notificaciones se le harán por boletín o por estrados.
La autoridad exhortada, al devolver el exhorto, remitirá la demanda de tercería, dentro del término de tres días a la fecha en que se haya practicado el embargo.
Sección Segunda / De la preferencia de créditos
When there is an individual or collective dispute, the workers may request the Court, for the purposes of Article 113, to advise the jurisdictional or administrative authority before which proceedings are being conducted to enforce claims against the employer that, before carrying out the auction or award of the attached property, it must notify them in order to guarantee the preferential right granted to them by the Law in that provision, once the corresponding third-party claim of preference has been processed and its amount determined.
If the attached property is insufficient to cover the claims of all the workers, payment shall be made pro rata, reserving their rights.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 979
Cuando exista un conflicto individual o colectivo, los trabajadores podrán solicitar al Tribunal, para los efectos del artículo 113, que prevenga a la autoridad jurisdiccional o administrativa ante la que se tramiten juicios en los que se pretendan hacer efectivos créditos contra el patrón para que, antes de llevar a cabo el remate o la adjudicación de los bienes embargados, les notifique para garantizar el derecho preferente que la Ley les concede en dicha disposición, una vez tramitada la tercería excluyente de preferencia correspondiente y determinado el monto del mismo.
Si resultan insuficientes los bienes embargados para cubrir los créditos de todos los trabajadores, se harán a prorrata dejando a salvo sus derechos.
The preference shall be processed in accordance with the following rules:
I. The preference shall be requested by the worker before the Court hearing the dispute to which he or she is a party, indicating specifically the authorities before which proceedings are being conducted in which the employer's property may be awarded or auctioned, and attaching sufficient copies of the petition for service on the contending parties in the proceedings in question;
II. If the proceeding is being conducted before the judicial authority, the Court shall advise it that the attached property is subject to the preferential payment of the labor claim and that, therefore, before auctioning or awarding the employer's property, it must notify the worker so that he or she may appear to assert his or her rights, and
III. In the case of tax debts (créditos fiscales), contributions owed to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), or contributions to the National Workers' Housing Fund Institute (INFONAVIT), it shall suffice for the Court to send an official communication to the corresponding authority, informing it of the existence of labor proceedings whose benefits are pending payment, so that before awarding or auctioning the employer's property it may proceed in accordance with the preceding article.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 980
La preferencia se substanciará conforme a las reglas siguientes:
I. La preferencia deberá solicitarse por el trabajador ante el Tribunal en que tramite el conflicto en que sea parte, indicando específicamente cuáles son las autoridades ante quienes se sustancian juicios en los que puedan adjudicar o rematar bienes del patrón, acompañando copias suficientes de su petición, para correr traslado a las partes contendientes en los juicios de referencia;
II. Si el juicio se tramita ante la autoridad judicial, el Tribunal la prevendrá haciéndole saber que los bienes embargados están afectos al pago preferente del crédito laboral y que por lo tanto, antes de rematar o adjudicar los bienes del patrón, deberá notificar al trabajador a fin de que comparezca a deducir sus derechos, y
III. Tratándose de créditos fiscales, cuotas que se adeuden al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, o aportación al Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores, bastará con que el Tribunal remita oficio a la autoridad que corresponda, indicándole la existencia de juicios laborales, cuyas prestaciones están pendientes de cubrirse, para que antes de adjudicar o rematar los bienes del patrón se proceda conforme al artículo anterior.
When, in proceedings conducted before the Court, judgment has been issued for a liquidated amount or the corresponding liquidation has been made, the Court shall inform the judicial or administrative authority that has been advised under Article 980 of this law, sending it a certified copy of the judgment, as well as of the decision on the third-party claim of preference, so that it may be taken into account when applying the proceeds of the property auctioned or awarded.
If, before the auction, the employer has made a payment to release its property, such payment shall be used to cover the amount of the labor claims for which notice was given.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 981
Cuando en los juicios seguidos ante el Tribunal se haya dictado sentencia por cantidad líquida o se haya efectuado la liquidación correspondiente, el Tribunal lo hará saber a la autoridad judicial o administrativa que haya sido prevenida, en los términos del artículo 980 de ésta ley, remitiéndole copia certificada de la sentencia, así como de la resolución de la tercería preferente de crédito a fin de que se tome en cuenta el mismo al aplicar el producto de los bienes rematados o adjudicados.
Si el patrón antes del remate hubiese hecho pago para librar sus bienes, deberá cubrirse con éste el importe de los créditos laborales en que se hubiese hecho la prevención.
CAPITULO III / Procedimientos paraprocesales o voluntarios
All matters that, by mandate of the Law, by their nature or at the request of an interested party, require the intervention of the Court, without any dispute between specific parties having been brought judicially, shall be processed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 982
Se tramitarán conforme a las disposiciones de este capítulo, todos aquellos asuntos que, por mandato de la Ley, por su naturaleza o a solicitud de parte interesada, requieran la intervención del Tribunal, sin que esté promovido jurisdiccionalmente conflicto alguno entre partes determinadas.
In the procedures referred to in this chapter, the interested worker, labor union or employer may go to the competent Court, requesting its intervention orally or in writing and expressly indicating the person whose statement is required, the thing sought to be exhibited, or the proceeding requested to be carried out.
The Court shall rule on the request within the following twenty-four hours and, where applicable, shall set a day and time for carrying out the proceeding and shall order, where applicable, the summoning of the persons whose statement is sought.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 983
En los procedimientos a que se refiere este capítulo, el trabajador, sindicato o patrón interesado podrá concurrir al Tribunal competente, solicitando oralmente o por escrito la intervención del mismo y señalando expresamente la persona cuya declaración se requiere, la cosa que se· pretende se exhiba, o la diligencia que se pide se lleve a cabo.
El Tribunal acordará dentro de las veinticuatro horas siguientes sobre lo solicitado y, en su caso, señalará día y hora para llevar a cabo la diligencia y ordenará, en su caso, la citación de las personas cuya declaración se pretende.
When, by provision of the Law or of an authority or by agreement of the parties, a deposit or bond must be posted, the interested party or parties may go to the Court in charge, which shall receive it and, where applicable, shall communicate it to the interested party.
The cancellation of the bond or the return of the deposit may also be processed before the Court in charge, which shall rule immediately, summoning the beneficiary, and, after verifying that the obligations secured by the bond or deposit have been fulfilled, shall authorize its cancellation or return.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 984
Cuando por disposición de la Ley o de alguna autoridad o por acuerdo de las partes, se tenga que otorgar depósito o fianza, podrá el interesado o interesados concurrir ante el Tribunal a cargo, el cual la recibirá y, en su caso, lo comunicará a la parte interesada.
La cancelación de la fianza o la devolución del depósito, también podrá tramitarse ante el Tribunal a cargo quien acordará de inmediato con citación del beneficiario y previa comprobación de que cumplió las obligaciones que garantiza la fianza o el depósito, autorizará su cancelación o devolución.
When the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP), without an objection having been made by the workers, modifies the overall taxable income declared by the taxpayer, and the taxpayer has challenged such decision, it may request the Court, within the 3 days following that on which it filed the corresponding challenge, to suspend the additional distribution of profits to the workers, for which purpose it shall attach:
I. The guarantee it posts in favor of the workers, which shall cover:
a) The additional amount to be distributed to the workers.
b) The legal interest computed for one year.
II. A copy of the decision issued by the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit; and
III. The name and address of the representatives of the unionized, non-unionized and trust workers.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 985
Cuando la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público, sin haber mediado objeción de los trabajadores, modifique el ingreso global gravable declarado por el causante, y éste haya impugnado dicha resolución, podrá solicitar al Tribunal, dentro de los 3 días siguientes a aquel en que haya presentado la impugnación correspondiente, la suspensión del reparto adicional de utilidades a los trabajadores, para lo cual adjuntará:
I. La garantía que otorgue en favor de los trabajadores que será por:
a) La cantidad adicional a repartir a los trabajadores.
b) Los intereses legales computados por un año.
II. Copia de la resolución dictada por la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público; y
III. El nombre y domicilio de los representantes de los trabajadores sindicalizados, no sindicalizados y de confianza.
The Court, upon receiving the employer's filing, shall examine whether it meets the requirements indicated in the preceding article, in which case it shall immediately serve it on the representatives of the workers so that, within 3 days, they may state whatever they deem appropriate to their rights; once the term has elapsed, it shall rule as appropriate.
If the employer's request does not meet the legal requirements, the Court shall dismiss it outright.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 986
El Tribunal al recibir el escrito del patrón examinará que reúna los requisitos señalados en el artículo anterior, en cuyo caso inmediatamente correrá traslado a los representantes de los trabajadores, para que dentro de 3 días manifiesten lo que a su derecho convenga; transcurrido el plazo acordará lo conducente.
Si la solicitud del patrón no reúne los requisitos legales, el Tribunal la desechará de plano.
When workers and employers reach an agreement or a settlement with a worker out of court, they may go before the Conciliation Centers requesting its approval and ratification under the second paragraph of Article 33 of this Law, for which purpose they shall identify themselves to the satisfaction of the Conciliation Authority.
In agreements by which the employment relationship is terminated, the amount delivered to the worker as wages, accrued benefits and profit sharing shall be itemized. If the Joint Profit Sharing Commission in the company or establishment has not yet determined the individual share of the workers, their rights shall be reserved until the draft individual distribution is prepared.
Agreements entered into under this article shall be approved by the competent Conciliation Center when they do not affect the rights of the workers, and shall have definitive effects, so they shall be raised to the category of a final and binding judgment.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 987
Cuando trabajadores y patrones lleguen a un convenio o liquidación de un trabajador, fuera de juicio, podrán concurrir ante los Centros de Conciliación solicitando su aprobación y ratificación, en los términos a que se refiere el párrafo segundo del artículo 33 de esta Ley, para cuyo efecto se identificarán a satisfacción de la Autoridad Conciliadora.
En los convenios en que se dé por terminada la relación de trabajo deberá desglosarse la cantidad que se entregue al trabajador por concepto de salario, de prestaciones devengadas y de participación de utilidades. En caso de que la Comisión Mixta para la Participación de las Utilidades en la empresa o establecimiento aún no haya determinado la participación individual de los trabajadores, se dejarán a salvo sus derechos, hasta en tanto se formule el proyecto del reparto individual.
Los convenios celebrados en los términos de este artículo serán aprobados por el Centro de Conciliación competente, cuando no afecten derechos de los trabajadores, y tendrán efectos definitivos, por lo que se elevarán a la categoría de sentencia ejecutoriada.
Workers over fifteen years of age but under eighteen who have not completed their mandatory basic education may go before the competent Court requesting authorization to work, and shall attach the documents they deem appropriate to establish the compatibility between their studies and work.
The Court, immediately upon receipt of the request, shall rule as appropriate.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 988
Los trabajadores mayores de quince años, pero menores de dieciocho, que no hayan terminado su educación básica obligatoria, podrán ocurrir ante el Tribunal competente solicitando autorización para trabajar, y acompañarán los documentos que estimen convenientes, para establecer la compatibilidad entre los estudios y el trabajo.
El Tribunal, inmediatamente de recibida la solicitud, acordará lo conducente.
Workers may request, through the corresponding Court, that the employer issue them a written certificate stating the number of days worked and the wages received, under Article 132, section VII, of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 989
Los trabajadores podrán solicitar, por conducto del Tribunal correspondiente, que el patrón les expida constancia escrita que contenga el número de días trabajados y el salario percibido, en los términos señalados por el artículo 132 fracción VII de esta Ley.
The worker or his or her beneficiaries who are to receive a sum of money by virtue of an agreement or settlement may appear personally before the corresponding Court.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 990
El trabajador o sus beneficiarios que deban recibir alguna cantidad de dinero en virtud de convenio o liquidación, podrán concurrir personalmente al Tribunal correspondiente.
In the cases of rescission provided for in Article 47, the employer may go before the competent Court to request that the worker be served with the notice referred to in that provision, by the means indicated therein. The Court, within the five days following receipt of the filing, shall proceed to serve the notice.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 991
En los casos de rescisión previstos en el artículo 47, el patrón podrá acudir ante el Tribunal competente a solicitar que se notifique al trabajador el aviso a que el citado precepto se refiere, por los medios indicados en el mismo. El Tribunal, dentro de los cinco días siguientes al recibo de la promoción, deberá proceder a la notificación.
The employer may deposit with the Court the indemnity referred to in Article 49 of this Law, as well as the payment of the seniority premium provided for in Article 162 and other benefits.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 991 Bis
El patrón podrá depositar ante el Tribunal la indemnización a la que se refiere el artículo 49 de esta Ley, así como el pago de la prima de antigüedad prevista en el artículo 162 y demás prestaciones.
TITULO DIECISEIS / Responsabilidades y Sanciones
Violations of labor rules committed by employers, union leaders or workers shall be sanctioned in accordance with the provisions of this Title, independently of the liability incumbent on them for failure to fulfill their obligations, without prejudice to the sanctions provided for in other legal codes and to the legal consequences applicable with respect to concessioned goods and services.
The pecuniary sanctions established in this Title shall be quantified using as the calculation base the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA) at the time the violation is committed.
In imposing sanctions, the following shall be taken into account:
I. Whether or not the act or omission constituting the infraction was intentional;
II. The seriousness of the infraction;
III. The damage that has been or may be caused;
IV. The economic capacity of the offender; and
V. The recidivism of the offender.
In all cases of recidivism, the fine imposed for the previous infraction shall be doubled.
For the purposes of this Law and the other provisions derived from it, recidivism means each of the subsequent infractions of the same provision committed within the two years following the date of the record in which the preceding infraction was recorded, provided that it has not been disproved.
When several workers are affected by a single act or omission, a sanction shall be imposed for each of the affected workers. If several infractions are committed through a single act or omission, the sanctions corresponding to each of them shall be applied independently.
When the fine is applied to a worker, it may not exceed the amount indicated in Article 21 of the Constitution.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 992
Las violaciones a las normas de trabajo cometidas por los patrones, directivos sindicales o por los trabajadores, se sancionarán de conformidad con las disposiciones de este Título, independientemente de la responsabilidad que les corresponda por el incumplimiento de sus obligaciones, sin perjuicio de las sanciones previstas en otros ordenamientos legales y de las consecuencias jurídicas que procedan en materia de bienes y servicios concesionados.
La cuantificación de las sanciones pecuniarias que en el presente Título se establecen, se hará tomando como base de cálculo la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, al momento de cometerse la violación.
Para la imposición de las sanciones, se tomará en cuenta lo siguiente:
I. El carácter intencional o no de la acción u omisión constitutiva de la infracción;
II. La gravedad de la infracción;
III. Los daños que se hubieren producido o puedan producirse;
IV. La capacidad económica del infractor; y
V. La reincidencia del infractor.
En todos los casos de reincidencia se duplicará la multa impuesta por la infracción anterior.
Se entiende por reincidencia, para los efectos de esta Ley y demás disposiciones derivadas de ella, cada una de las subsecuentes infracciones a un mismo precepto, cometidas dentro de los dos años siguientes a la fecha del acta en que se hizo constar la infracción precedente, siempre que ésta no hubiese sido desvirtuada.
Cuando en un solo acto u omisión se afecten a varios trabajadores, se impondrá sanción por cada uno de los trabajadores afectados. Si con un solo acto u omisión se incurre en diversas infracciones, se aplicarán las sanciones que correspondan a cada una de ellas, de manera independiente.
Cuando la multa se aplique a un trabajador, ésta no podrá exceder al importe señalado en el artículo 21 Constitucional.
An employer that fails to comply with the rules determining the percentage or the exclusive use of Mexican workers in companies or establishments shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 250 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 993
Al patrón que no cumpla las normas que determinan el porcentaje o la utilización exclusiva de trabajadores mexicanos en las empresas o establecimientos se le impondrá una multa por el equivalente de 250 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
A fine shall be imposed equivalent to:
I. From 50 to 250 Units of Measurement and Update (UMA), on an employer that fails to comply with the provisions contained in Articles 61, 69, 76 and 77;
II. From 250 to 5000 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that fails to comply with the obligations imposed on it by chapter VIII of Title Three, relating to Employee Profit Sharing (PTU);
III. From 50 to 1500 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that fails to comply with the obligations indicated in Article 132, sections IV, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIV, XXII and XXVI Bis;
IV. From 250 to 5000 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that fails to comply with section XV of Article 132;
IV Bis. From 250 to 5000 Units of Measurement and Update, on the obligated employer that fails to comply with section XXXIV of Article 132 of this Law.
V. From 250 to 5000 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that fails to observe, in the installation of its establishments, the safety and hygiene rules or the measures set by the Laws to prevent occupational risks;
VI. From 250 to 5000 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that commits any discriminatory act or conduct in the workplace; on one that commits acts of sexual harassment or that tolerates or permits acts of harassment or sexual harassment against its workers, as well as on one that violates the prohibitions established in sections IV and V of Article 133 of the Law, or the second and third paragraphs of Article 357 thereof;
VII. From 250 to 2500 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that violates the prohibitions contained in Article 133, sections II, VI and VII, of this Law, as well as for failing to comply with the requirements made of it by the Registration Authority and the Conciliation Authority, and
VIII.- From 50 to 100 Units of Measurement and Update, on an employer that fails to appear at the conciliation hearing, under Article 684 E, section IV, of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 994
Se impondrá multa, por el equivalente a:
I. De 50 a 250 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que no cumpla las disposiciones contenidas en los artículos 61, 69, 76 y 77;
II. De 250 a 5000 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que no cumpla las obligaciones que le impone el capítulo VIII del Título Tercero, relativo a la Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las Empresas;
III. De 50 a 1500 Unidades de Medida y Actualización al patrón que no cumpla las obligaciones señaladas en el artículo 132, fracciones IV, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIV, XXII y XXVI Bis;
IV. De 250 a 5000 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que no cumpla con lo dispuesto por la fracción XV del artículo 132;
IV Bis. De 250 a 5000 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, a la persona empleadora obligada que incumpla con lo dispuesto por la fracción XXXIV del artículo 132 de esta Ley.
V. De 250 a 5000 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que no observe en la instalación de sus establecimientos las normas de seguridad e higiene o las medidas que fijen las Leyes para prevenir los riesgos de trabajo;
VI. De 250 a 5000 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que cometa cualquier acto o conducta discriminatoria en el centro de trabajo; al que realice actos de hostigamiento sexual o que tolere o permita actos de acoso u hostigamiento sexual en contra de sus trabajadores, así como al que viole las prohibiciones establecidas en las fracciones IV y V del artículo 133 de la Ley, o lo dispuesto en el artículo 357, segundo y tercer párrafo de ésta;
VII. De 250 a 2500 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que viole las prohibiciones contenidas en el artículo 133, fracciones II, VI y VII de esta Ley. Asimismo, por incumplir con los requerimientos que le haga la Autoridad Registral y la Autoridad Conciliadora, y
VIII.- De 50 a 100 Unidades de Medida y Actualización, al patrón que no comparezca a la audiencia de conciliación, en términos del artículo 684 E fracción IV de esta Ley.
An employer that violates the prohibitions contained in Article 133, sections XIV and XV, and the rules governing the work of women and minors shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 50 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 995
Al patrón que viole las prohibiciones contenidas en el artículo 133 fracciones XIV y XV, y las normas que rigen el trabajo de las mujeres y de los menores, se le impondrá una multa equivalente de 50 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
An employer that infringes the first paragraph of Article 23 of this Law shall be punished with imprisonment of 1 to 4 years and a fine of 250 to 5000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 995 Bis
Al patrón que infrinja lo dispuesto en el artículo 23, primer párrafo de esta Ley, se le castigará con prisión de 1 a 4 años y multa de 250 a 5000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
The shipowner, ship operator or charterer shall be subject to a fine equivalent to:
I. From 50 to 500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), if it fails to comply with the provisions contained in Articles 204, section II, and 213, section II, and
II. From 50 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, on whoever fails to comply with the obligation indicated in Article 204, section IX.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 996
Al armador, naviero o fletador, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente a:
I. De 50 a 500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, si no cumple las disposiciones contenidas en los artículos 204, fracción II, y 213, fracción II, y
II. De 50 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, al que no cumpla la obligación señalada en el artículo 204, fracción IX.
An employer that violates the protective rules on home work shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 250 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 997
A la persona empleadora que viole las normas protectoras del trabajo a domicilio, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente de 250 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
An employer that violates the protective rules on agricultural work shall be subject to a fine equivalent to:
I. From 250 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), when the employment contract is not in writing and/or does not establish the mechanisms referred to in Article 282, and when it does not keep, or keeps deficiently, the special register of temporary workers referred to in Article 280, and
II. From 250 to 5000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when it does not provide housing or the housing does not meet the minimum conditions required; does not provide food, water and sanitary facilities; does not provide education; does not provide safe and comfortable transportation; does not provide the childcare services referred to in sections II, IV, X, XI and XIII of Article 283; and does not observe the protective provisions for female workers referred to in Article 283 Ter.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 997-A
A la persona empleadora que viole las normas protectoras del trabajo del campo, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente a:
I. De 250 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando no conste por escrito el contrato de trabajo y/o no establezca los mecanismos a que se refiere el artículo 282; y no lleve o sea deficiente el registro especial de las personas trabajadoras temporales a que se refiere el artículo 280, y
II. De 250 a 5000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando no proporcione habitaciones o estas no cuenten con las condiciones mínimas requeridas; no proporcione alimentación, agua y sanitarios; no proporcione educación; no proporcione el traslado seguro y cómodo; no proporcione servicios de guardería a que se refieren las fracciones II, IV, X, XI y XIII del artículo 283; y no observe las disposiciones protectoras de las trabajadoras a que se refiere el artículo 283 Ter.
Individuals or legal entities that operate digital platforms, in their capacity as employer, that violate the protective rules on work on digital platforms, independently of the sanctions applicable under the respective laws, shall be subject to a fine equivalent to:
I. From 2000 to 25000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), when the model contract is not registered under Article 291-G of this Law;
II. From 1000 to 25000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when they do not issue, or do not report changes to, the algorithmic management policy document referred to in Article 291-J of this Law;
III. From 250 to 5000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when they violate the provisions contained in Article 291-K of this Law, and
IV. From 500 to 25000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, when they do not establish the mechanisms contemplated in Article 291-P of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 997-B
Las personas físicas o morales que administren plataformas digitales, en su carácter de patrón, que violen las normas protectoras del trabajo en plataformas digitales, con independencia de las sanciones que correspondan en las leyes respectivas, se les impondrá una multa por el equivalente a:
I. De 2000 a 25000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando no se registre el modelo de contrato en términos del artículo 291-G de esta Ley;
II. De 1000 a 25000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando no emitan o informen de cambios en el documento de política de gestión algorítmica al que se refiere el artículo 291-J de esta Ley;
III. De 250 a 5000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando violen las disposiciones contenidas en el artículo 291-K de esta Ley, y
IV. De 500 a 25000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, cuando no establezcan los mecanismos contemplados en el artículo 291-P de esta Ley.
An employer that does not enable a domestic worker who lacks schooling to attend a primary school shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 50 to 250 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 998
Al patrón que no facilite al trabajador del hogar que carezca de instrucción, la asistencia a una escuela primaria, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente de 50 a 250 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
An employer that violates the protective rules on work in hotels, restaurants, bars and other similar establishments shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 50 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 999
Al patrón que viole las normas protectoras del trabajo en hoteles, restaurantes, bares y otros establecimientos semejantes, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente de 50 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
Failure to comply with the rules relating to remuneration for work, duration of working hours and rest periods contained in an industry-wide agreement (contrato-ley) or in a collective bargaining agreement shall be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to 250 to 5000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1000
El incumplimiento de las normas relativas a la remuneración de los trabajos, duración de la jornada y descansos, contenidas en un contrato Ley, o en un contrato colectivo de trabajo, se sancionará con multa por el equivalente de 250 a 5000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
An employer that violates the rules contained in the Internal Work Regulations shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 50 to 500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1001
Al patrón que viole las normas contenidas en el Reglamento Interior de Trabajo, se le impondrá multa por el equivalente de 50 a 500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
For violations of labor rules not sanctioned in this Title or in any other provision of this Law, the offender shall be subject to a fine equivalent to 50 to 5000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1002
Por violaciones a las normas de trabajo no sancionadas en este Título o en alguna otra disposición de esta Ley, se impondrá al infractor multa por el equivalente de 50 a 5000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
Workers, employers and the labor unions, federations and confederations of either may report violations of labor rules to the labor authorities.
The Court and the Labor Inspectors are obligated to report to the public prosecutor's office the employer of an industrial, agricultural, mining, commercial or service business that has failed to pay its farm workers, or pays them amounts lower than those indicated as the general minimum wage.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1003
Los trabajadores, los patrones y los sindicatos, federaciones y confederaciones de unos y otros, podrán denunciar ante las autoridades del trabajo las violaciones a las normas del trabajo.
El Tribunal, las y los Inspectores del Trabajo, tienen la obligación de denunciar ante el Ministerio Público a la persona empleadora de una negociación industrial, de trabajo del campo, minera, comercial o de servicios que haya dejado de pagar o pague a sus personas trabajadoras del campo cantidades inferiores a las señaladas como salario mínimo general.
An employer in any industrial, agricultural-work, farming, mining, commercial or service business that delivers to one or more of its farm workers amounts lower than the wage set as the general minimum, or that has delivered pay receipts covering sums of money greater than those it actually delivered, shall be punished with the following penalties:
I. Imprisonment of six months to three years and a fine equivalent to up to 800 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), in accordance with Article 992, when the amount of the omission does not exceed the amount of one month of the general minimum wage of the corresponding geographic area of application;
II. Imprisonment of six months to three years and a fine equivalent to up to 1600 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, in accordance with Article 992, when the amount of the omission is greater than the amount of thirty times the Unit of Measurement and Update but does not exceed three months of the general minimum wage of the corresponding geographic area of application, and
III. Imprisonment of six months to four years and a fine equivalent to up to 3200 times the Unit of Measurement and Update, in accordance with Article 992, if the omission exceeds three months of the general minimum wage of the corresponding geographic area of application.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1004
A la persona empleadora en cualquier negociación industrial, trabajo del campo, agrícola, minera, comercial o de servicios que haga entrega a una o varias de sus personas trabajadoras del campo de cantidades inferiores al salario fijado como mínimo general o haya entregado comprobantes de pago que amparen sumas de dinero superiores de las que efectivamente hizo entrega, se le castigará con las penas siguientes:
I. Con prisión de seis meses a tres años y multa que equivalga hasta 800 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, conforme a lo establecido por el artículo 992, cuando el monto de la omisión no exceda del importe de un mes de salario mínimo general del área geográfica de aplicación correspondiente;
II. Con prisión de seis meses a tres años y multa que equivalga hasta 1600 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, conforme a lo establecido por el artículo 992, cuando el monto de la omisión sea mayor al importe de treinta veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, pero no exceda de tres meses de salario mínimo general del área geográfica de aplicación correspondiente, y
III. Con prisión de seis meses a cuatro años y multa que equivalga hasta 3200 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, conforme a lo establecido por el artículo 992, si la omisión excede a los tres meses de salario mínimo general del área geográfica de aplicación correspondiente.
An employer that does not permit the inspection and oversight ordered by the labor authorities at its establishment shall be served by written notice (instructivo) to appear and exhibit all the information required, with a warning (apercibimiento) that if it fails to do so it shall be presumed that it does not have such information. Independently of the foregoing, the fact of not permitting the inspection to be carried out shall make it liable to a fine of 250 to 5,000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1004-A
Al patrón que no permita la inspección y vigilancia que las autoridades del trabajo ordenen en su establecimiento, se le notificará por instructivo para que comparezca a exhibir toda la información requerida, apercibido que de no hacerlo se presumirá que no cuenta con ella. Con independencia de lo anterior, el hecho de no permitir el desahogo de la inspección lo hará acreedor de una multa de 250 a 5,000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
Failure to comply with the obligations referred to in Article 15-B of the Law shall be sanctioned with a fine equivalent to 250 to 2500 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA).
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1004-B
El incumplimiento de las obligaciones a que se refiere el artículo 15-B de la Ley, se sancionará con multa por el equivalente de 250 a 2500 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización.
Whoever engages in the subcontracting of personnel referred to in Article 12 of this Law, as well as individuals or legal entities that provide subcontracting services without the corresponding registration in accordance with Articles 14 and 15 of this Law, shall be subject to a fine of 2,000 to 50,000 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA), without prejudice to the other liabilities that may arise in accordance with the applicable legislation. The Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) shall refer the facts to the competent authorities.
The same sanction as that established in the preceding paragraph shall apply to those individuals or legal entities that benefit from subcontracting in contravention of Articles 12, 13, 14 and 15 of this Law.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1004-C
A quien realice subcontratación de personal a que se refiere el artículo 12 de esta Ley, así como a las personas físicas o morales que presten servicios de subcontratación sin contar con el registro correspondiente, conforme a lo establecido en los artículos 14 y 15 de esta Ley, se le impondrá multa de 2,000 a 50,000 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización, sin perjuicio de las demás responsabilidades a que hubiera lugar de conformidad con la legislación aplicable. La Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social dará vista de los hechos a las autoridades que resulten competentes.
Igual sanción a la establecida en el párrafo anterior será aplicable a aquellas personas físicas o morales que se beneficien de la subcontratación en contravención a lo estipulado en los artículos 12, 13, 14 y 15 de esta Ley.
The Labor Defense Attorney, the Public Defender or the worker's representative shall be subject to a sanction of six months to three years of imprisonment and a fine of 125 to 1250 times the Unit of Measurement and Update (UMA) in the following cases:
I. When, without justified cause, they fail to attend two or more hearings; and
II. When, without justified cause, they fail to take any action in the proceeding for a period of three months.
With respect to public servants, the conduct provided for in this article shall be considered serious administrative offenses under chapter II of Title Three of the General Law of Administrative Responsibilities.
In all cases, when there is a presumption of irregular acts, the Labor Authorities or the Courts shall immediately inform the competent authorities so that they may proceed in accordance with their powers and authority.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1005
Al Procurador de la Defensa del Trabajo, al Defensor Público o al representante del trabajador, se les impondrá sanción de seis meses a tres años de prisión y multa de 125 a 1250 veces la Unidad de Medida y Actualización en los casos siguientes:
I. Cuando sin causa justificada se abstengan de concurrir a dos o más audiencias; y
II. Cuando sin causa justificada se abstengan de promover en el juicio durante el lapso de tres meses.
Por lo que corresponde a servidores públicos, las conductas previstas en este artículo serán consideradas como faltas administrativas graves en términos de lo dispuesto por el capítulo II del Título Tercero de la Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas.
En todos los casos, cuando exista la presunción de actos irregulares, las Autoridades del Trabajo o los Tribunales de manera inmediata deberán hacerlo del conocimiento de las autoridades competentes para que éstas procedan conforme a sus atribuciones y facultades.
Anyone who submits false documents or witnesses shall be subject to a penalty of six months to four years of imprisonment and a fine of 125 to 1900 Units of Measurement and Update (UMA). In the case of workers, the fine shall be the wages received by the worker in one week.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1006
A todo el que presente documentos o testigos falsos, se le impondrá una pena de seis meses a cuatro años de prisión y multa de 125 a 1900 Unidades de Medida y Actualización. Tratándose de trabajadores, la multa será el salario que reciba el trabajador en una semana.
The penalties set forth in the preceding article shall be applied without prejudice to the liability for damages and lost profits that may be incurred by the attorney-in-fact or representative.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1007
Las penas consignadas en el artículo anterior, se aplicarán sin perjuicio de la responsabilidad que por daños y perjuicios le resultaren al apoderado o representante.
The administrative sanctions referred to in this Title shall be imposed, as the case may be, by the Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare, by the Governors of the States or by the Head of Government of Mexico City, who may delegate the exercise of this power to the subordinate officials they deem appropriate, by means of an order published in the corresponding official gazette.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1008
Las sanciones administrativas de que trata este Título serán impuestas, en su caso, por el Secretario del Trabajo y Previsión Social, por los Gobernadores de los Estados o por el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, quienes podrán delegar el ejercicio de esta facultad en los funcionarios subordinados que estimen conveniente, mediante acuerdo que se publique en el periódico oficial que corresponda.
The authority, after hearing the interested party, shall impose the corresponding sanction.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1009
La autoridad, después de oír al interesado, impondrá la sanción correspondiente.
Sanctions shall be enforced by the authorities designated by the laws.
Official Spanish text (DOF) — Artículo 1010
Las sanciones se harán efectivas por las autoridades que designen las leyes.
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